CN110747128B - Bacillus licheniformis strain capable of producing keratinase in high yield and application thereof - Google Patents
Bacillus licheniformis strain capable of producing keratinase in high yield and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110747128B CN110747128B CN201911125957.8A CN201911125957A CN110747128B CN 110747128 B CN110747128 B CN 110747128B CN 201911125957 A CN201911125957 A CN 201911125957A CN 110747128 B CN110747128 B CN 110747128B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of bioengineering, and particularly relates to a bacillus licheniformis strain capable of producing keratinase with high yield and application thereof. The strain is bacillus licheniformis (Bucillus licheniformis) JR-101, and the preservation number is CGMCC No. 18643. The keratinase produced by the strain through liquid fermentation has the characteristics of heat resistance, high enzyme activity, wide pH action range, stable performance, lower price and wide application range.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention belongs to the technical field of bioengineering, and particularly relates to a bacillus licheniformis strain capable of producing keratinase with high yield and application thereof.
Background art:
keratin is widely found in nature, mainly derived from animal ectodermal cells, including skin and skin derivatives such as feathers, nails, hair, etc., and is a hard protein that is difficult to degrade. The chemical structure of keratin is stable, insoluble in water and difficult to be hydrolyzed by protease such as pepsin, trypsin and the like. Keratin is a hard protein with extremely strong resistance and difficult biodegradation, animals are difficult to directly utilize, and the traditional physical and chemical processing methods (such as acid-base treatment, high temperature and high pressure and the like) not only consume a large amount of energy, but also cause serious environmental pollution problems.
Keratinase is a novel proteolytic enzyme capable of hydrolyzing keratin into free amino acids or polypeptides. The characteristic of the keratinase can be used for treating waste animal feathers, hair and the like, can reduce the pollution of the waste such as feathers and the like to the environment, can be used as an excellent protein resource, and plays an important role in relieving the situation of short supply of the protein resource. The substrate which can be hydrolyzed by keratinase is more, such as collagen, keratin, elastin and the like, the hydrolyzing capability of the substrate to the protein is higher than that of common protease, and the substrate can be widely applied to the aspects of animal feed, leather industry, medical raw materials and environmental management.
There are more than 30 kinds of microorganisms that can degrade keratin, among which are bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes. The industrial application of keratinase is seriously influenced by the keratinase with poor thermal stability, so that the improvement of the thermal stability of the keratinase is beneficial to the industrial application.
The invention content is as follows:
in order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a Bacillus licheniformis strain of keratinase with high heat production stability, which is obtained by NTG mutagenesis, in particular to Bacillus licheniformis (JR-101), wherein the strain is preserved in China general microbiological culture Collection center in 2019 at 10 and 9 months with the preservation number of CGMCC No. 18643.
The invention also aims to provide a liquid microbial fermentation production method of keratinase, which has high fermentation enzyme activity, high extraction yield and low manufacturing cost. The object of the invention can be achieved by the following measures:
1. liquid fermentation for producing keratinase
The culture medium comprises the following components in percentage by mass and volume:
a. fermentation tank culture medium: 2.5% of corn starch, 3.5% of corn flour, 1.5% of feather meal, 3.5% of soybean meal, 3% of corn steep liquor, 3.2% of cane sugar, 1.7% of monopotassium phosphate, 0.27% of magnesium sulfate and 6.5% of pH;
b. the fermentation tank sterilization process conditions are as follows: sterilizing at 121-124 deg.C and 0.11-0.12MPa for 35 min.
c. Fermentation process conditions of the fermentation tank are as follows: inoculating 5%, maintaining at 37 deg.c and 300 deg.c at 5-0.08MPa, feeding material while controlling the dissolved oxygen content in 20-30% and fermenting to obtain thallus with serious autolysis and no obvious raised enzyme activity;
2. feed supplement
a. A supplemented medium: 25% of corn starch, 5.2% of bean cake powder, 2.3% of corn steep liquor, 1.5% of feather meal, 0.5% of ammonium sulfate, 0.2% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and pH 6.5.
b. The material supplementing method comprises the following steps: when the dissolved oxygen is reduced to the minimum and then increased to 20 percent, feeding is started, and the dissolved oxygen is controlled to be 20 to 30 percent.
3. Can for placing food
Culturing for 96-110h, slowly increasing enzyme activity, and placing the thallus into a tank when the thallus begins to autolyze partially. When the fermentation is finished, the enzyme activity of the fermentation liquor averagely reaches 27703U/mL.
4. Extraction and purification of keratinase
After fermentation, adding 40% of water and 0.3% of calcium chloride according to the volume of the fermentation liquor, adding 3% of perlite filter aid, carrying out filter pressing, carrying out ultrafiltration concentration on the filtrate, and then carrying out alcohol elution to obtain a solid enzyme preparation, or adding 20% of glycerol as a stabilizer into the concentrated solution to obtain a liquid enzyme preparation.
The keratinase prepared by the invention has the following enzymological characteristics:
(1) the optimal reaction temperature is 75 ℃, the enzyme activity is kept unchanged after 2 hours of heat preservation at the temperature of 80 ℃, the enzyme activity can still be kept by more than 87 percent after 2 hours of heat preservation at the temperature of 90 ℃, the enzyme activity is reduced to about 65 percent after 2 hours of heat preservation under the boiling condition, and the thermal stability is good;
(2) the optimum reaction pH is 7.5, and the relative enzyme activity is still kept above 80% after the treatment for 2h under the condition of pH 3.0-11.0.
Has the advantages that:
compared with the prior art, the technical scheme disclosed by the keratinase and the production method thereof has prominent substantive characteristics and remarkable progress, and can produce the following positive effects:
1. the invention provides a bacillus licheniformis obtained by mutagenesis, the keratinase produced by the strain through liquid fermentation has the characteristics of heat resistance, high enzyme activity, wide pH action range, stable performance, lower price and wide application range.
2. The invention provides a production method of keratinase liquid state biological fermentation, which has higher fermentation activity, higher extraction yield and lower manufacturing cost.
The attached drawings of the specification:
FIG. 1 is a graph of the optimum reaction temperature;
FIG. 2 thermal stability graph;
FIG. 3 is a graph of optimum reaction pH;
figure 4pH stability graph.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the invention is described below by means of specific embodiments. Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the present invention are well known to those skilled in the art. In addition, the embodiments should be considered illustrative, and not restrictive, of the scope of the invention, which is defined solely by the claims. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes or modifications in the components and amounts of the materials used in these embodiments can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
EXAMPLE 1 mutagenic Breeding of strains
Inoculating the strain into a seed culture medium, culturing at 37 ℃ to a logarithmic phase, then collecting thalli, centrifuging at 8000rpm for 3min, washing thalli precipitate with normal saline for 2 times, finally resuspending the thalli with a buffer solution, and adding NTG mother liquor to enable the final concentration to be 0.5 g/L. Then react for 30min at 37 ℃, after proper dilution, 100ul of the solution is taken out and coated on a screening plate to be cultured for about 24h at 37 ℃, and the lethality is calculated. And selecting a single colony with a larger transparent ring on the screening plate, inoculating the single colony into a seed bottle for culture, and inoculating the single colony into a shake flask for re-screening after the seeds grow well. Selecting strains with high keratinase yield and capable of stably inheriting more than 3 generations, and preserving the strains as freeze-drying tubes. A high-yield strain JR-101 with 6.5 times of enzyme activity is screened by NTG mutagenesis, and the keratinase generated by the mutant strain has good thermal stability through the research of enzymological characteristics.
1) Stable passage experiment of keratinase high-producing strain JR-101
Selecting a JR-101 single colony with better growth condition on a screening plate, inoculating the single colony into a seed bottle, culturing at 37 ℃ and 220rpm for about 10h, transferring the single colony into a fermentation shake flask according to the inoculation amount of 2%, culturing at 37 ℃ and 220rpm for about 96h, and determining the enzyme activity. The shake flask results for 10 serial passages of this strain are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 stability test results for strain JR-101
The mutant strain is subcultured for 10 generations, and the experimental result shows that the hereditary stability of the mutant strain is good as shown in Table 1.
EXAMPLE 2 method for measuring enzyme Activity of keratinase
Diluting the fermentation supernatant (or enzyme solution) to a proper multiple with Tris-HCl buffer solution with the pH value of 8.0, taking 1mL of diluted enzyme solution, adding 0.01g of feather powder, fully and uniformly mixing, reacting for 60min at the temperature of 50 ℃, adding 2mL of 10% trichloroacetic acid to stop the reaction, centrifuging the reaction solution at 8000rpm for 5min, and measuring the absorbance at 280 nm. The blank set of experiments was performed under the same conditions, and 2mL of trichloroacetic acid was added first, followed by addition of the enzyme solution.
The enzyme activity unit is the enzyme amount required by the experiment group to increase the absorbance by 0.01 relative to the blank group.
U＝4n×A280/(0.01×10)
Wherein: n is the dilution multiple;
4 is the stop reaction volume (mL);
reaction time (min) is 10.
EXAMPLE 3 liquid fermentation of Strain JR-101 to produce keratinase and extraction thereof
1. Seed culture
The culture medium comprises the following components in percentage by mass and volume:
a. plate separation culture medium
2% of glucose, 3% of yeast extract, 1.5% of feather meal and NaNO3 0.2％，K2HPO4 0.1％，KCl 0.05％，MgSO40.05 percent of agar, 1.5 to 2.0 percent of agar, natural pH and sterilization at 121 ℃ for 20 min;
b. liquid seed culture medium
10% of corn starch, 2.5% of yeast powder, 2% of sodium Nitrate and (NH)4)2SO4 5％，K2HPO4 1％，MgSO4·7H2O 0.5％，pH 6.5。
c. Shaking fermentation culture medium
d. Culture conditions
Separating the flat plate: culturing at 37 deg.C for 24 hr;
liquid seed: culturing at 37 deg.C for 10h, and rotating at 220r/min with shaking table;
and (3) fermenting and shaking: culturing at 37 deg.C for 96h, and rotating the shaking table at 220 r/min.
2. Seed tank enlargement culture
The culture medium comprises the following components in percentage by mass and volume:
a. seeding tank culture medium
Glucose 3%, peptone 2.5%, bean cake powder 2%, sodium chloride 1%, (NH)4)2SO4 2％，MgSO4·7H2O 0.5％，pH 7.0；
b. The seed tank sterilization process conditions are as follows: sterilizing at 121-124 deg.C and 0.11-0.12MPa for 35 min.
c. Seeding tank culture process conditions
The pot pressure is 0.05-0.08MPa, the inoculum size is 5%, the culture temperature is 37 ℃, the stirring speed is 180-.
d. Seed tank seed transferring conditions: the thallus is deeply dyed and stout and has no mixed bacteria.
3. Liquid fermentation for producing keratinase
The culture medium comprises the following components in percentage by mass and volume:
a. fermentation tank culture medium
2.5% of corn starch, 3.5% of corn flour, 1.5% of feather meal, 3.5% of soybean meal, 3% of corn steep liquor, 3.2% of cane sugar, 1.7% of monopotassium phosphate, 0.27% of magnesium sulfate and 6.5% of pH;
b. the fermentation tank sterilization process conditions are as follows: sterilizing at 121-124 deg.C and 0.11-0.12MPa for 35 min.
c. Fermentation process conditions of fermentation tank
Inoculating 5%, maintaining the pressure of 0.05-0.08Mpa, culturing at 37 deg.C and 500r/min, feeding when the dissolved oxygen is reduced to 20%, and controlling the dissolved oxygen at 20-30%. Fermenting until the thallus autolysis is serious and the enzyme activity is not obviously improved, and putting the thallus into a tank;
4. feed supplement
The culture medium comprises the following components in percentage by mass and volume:
a. supplementary culture medium
25% of corn starch, 5.2% of bean cake powder, 2.3% of corn steep liquor, 1.5% of feather meal, 0.5% of ammonium sulfate, 0.2% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and pH 6.5.
b. The sterilization process conditions of the supplementary culture medium are as follows: sterilizing for 30min at 121-124 deg.C and 0.11-0.12 MPa.
c. Material supplementing method
When the dissolved oxygen is reduced to the minimum and then increased to 20 percent, feeding is started, and the dissolved oxygen is controlled to be 20 to 30 percent.
5. Can for placing food
Culturing for 96-110h, slowly increasing enzyme activity, and placing the thallus into a tank when the thallus begins to autolyze partially.
6. Extraction and purification of keratinase
After fermentation is finished, 40% of water and 0.3% of calcium chloride are added according to the volume of fermentation liquor, 3% of perlite filter aid is added for filter pressing, filtrate is subjected to ultrafiltration concentration, and 20% of glycerol serving as a stabilizer is added into concentrated solution to obtain a liquid enzyme preparation.
The bacillus licheniformis mutant strain CGMCC No.18643 and the culture medium are used for fermentation, the fermentation period and the fermentation broth enzyme activity of 6 batches of fermentation are shown in the table 3, and the average fermentation broth enzyme activity is as follows: 27703U/mL.
TABLE 3.3L results of the fermentation experiments in the small tank
| Batches of | Fermentation period (h) | Ferment enzyme activity (u/mL) |
| 1 | 98 | 27890 |
| 2 | 103 | 29760 |
| 3 | 96 | 28670 |
| 4 | 108 | 26670 |
| 5 | 105 | 27360 |
| 6 | 103 | 25870 |
EXAMPLE 4 optimum reaction temperature
Taking the finished keratinase prepared in the example 3, respectively measuring the activity of the keratinase under the conditions of 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90 and 95 ℃ when the pH value is 7.0, and calculating the relative enzyme activity, wherein the highest enzyme activity is 100%. As a result, as shown in FIG. 1, the optimum reaction temperature was 75 ℃.
Example 5 thermal stability
Taking the keratinase finished product prepared in the embodiment 3, respectively placing enzyme liquid at 80, 85, 90, 95 and 100 ℃ for heat preservation treatment for 2 hours, measuring enzyme activity at 75 ℃ after heat preservation and under the condition of pH7.0, and calculating relative enzyme activity, wherein the highest enzyme activity is 100%. The experimental results are shown in FIG. 2. Keeping the enzyme activity unchanged at 80 ℃ for 2h, keeping the enzyme activity above 87% at 90 ℃ for 2h, and reducing the enzyme activity to about 65% at boiling temperature for 2 h.
Example 6 optimum reaction pH
Taking the finished keratinase prepared in the embodiment 3, respectively measuring the keratinase activity under the conditions that the pH value is 5.0, 5.5, 6.0, 6.5, 7.0, 7.5, 8.0 and 8.5 according to the enzyme activity measuring method in the embodiment 2 at the temperature of 75 ℃, and calculating the relative enzyme activity, wherein the highest enzyme activity is 100%. As shown in FIG. 3, the enzyme activity of keratinase was the highest at a pH around 7.5.
Example 7 acid and alkali resistance
The keratinase finished product prepared in the embodiment 3 is taken, 0.1M NaOH or 0.1M HCl is respectively used for adjusting the pH value of the enzyme solution to 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, 6.0, 7.0, 8.0, 9.0, 10.0, 11.0 and 12.0, the enzyme solution is respectively placed at room temperature for standing for 2 hours, the enzyme activity is measured at the temperature of 75 ℃, and the relative enzyme activity is calculated, wherein the highest enzyme activity is 100%. As shown in FIG. 4, the relative enzyme activity was maintained at 80% or more after 2 hours of treatment at pH 3.0-11.0.
Claims (3)
1. A bacillus licheniformis generating keratinase with high heat stability is characterized in that the bacillus licheniformis is bacillus (Bacillus licheniformis)Bacillus licheniformis) JR-101 with preservation number of CGMCC No. 18643.
2. Use of the bacillus licheniformis according to claim 1 for producing keratinase.
3. Keratinase produced by the Bacillus licheniformis strain of claim 1.
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Denomination of invention: A Bacillus licheniformis strain with high keratinase production and its application Effective date of registration: 20211214 Granted publication date: 20210122 Pledgee: Shandong Yishui Rural Commercial Bank Co., Ltd Pledgor: SHANDONG LONCT ENZYMES Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2021980015029 |