CN110746936B - An environmentally friendly mixed refrigerant - Google Patents
An environmentally friendly mixed refrigerant Download PDFInfo
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- CN110746936B CN110746936B CN201910962298.7A CN201910962298A CN110746936B CN 110746936 B CN110746936 B CN 110746936B CN 201910962298 A CN201910962298 A CN 201910962298A CN 110746936 B CN110746936 B CN 110746936B
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种环保混合制冷剂，包括：组元1，所述组元1包括二氟甲烷，质量分数为10％～30％；组元2，所述组元2包括1,1‑二氟乙烷，质量分数为29～40％；组元3，所述组元3包括三氟碘甲烷，质量分数为8％～38％；组元4，所述组元4包括丙烷和氟乙烷，质量分数为12％～47％，其中氟乙烷在组元4中的质量分数为0～33％。本发明环保混合制冷剂，环保性能好，可燃性低于烷烃、烯烃、醚类混合制冷剂。另外，本发明环保制冷剂的组成工质均具有生产工艺成熟、方便易得的特点，利于推广、普及。The invention discloses an environmentally friendly mixed refrigerant, comprising: component 1, the component 1 includes difluoromethane, and the mass fraction is 10% to 30%; component 2, the component 2 includes 1, 1- Difluoroethane, the mass fraction is 29-40%; component 3, the component 3 includes trifluoroiodomethane, the mass fraction is 8%-38%; component 4, the component 4 includes propane and fluorine Ethane, the mass fraction is 12%-47%, wherein the mass fraction of fluoroethane in component 4 is 0-33%. The environment-friendly mixed refrigerant of the invention has good environmental protection performance and lower flammability than the mixed refrigerants of alkane, olefin and ether. In addition, the composition working fluid of the environment-friendly refrigerant of the present invention has the characteristics of mature production process, convenience and easy availability, which is beneficial to popularization and popularization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a novel environment-friendly refrigerant for replacing HCFC-22, in particular to a novel environment-friendly refrigerant for replacing HCFC-22 in an air-conditioning system.
Background
From 10.10.14.2016, "montreal protocol on ozone depletion substances", the 28 th meeting of the convention of convention on ruwanda based galileo, passed the "based galileo amendment" in a large part to reduce the emissions of the greenhouse gas Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), thereby preventing global temperature increases of 0.5 ℃ at the end of the 21 st century. The protocol is an important file which has milestone significance after Paris agreement. HCFC-22 is listed as a phased-out row due to its ODP (ozone depletion potential) value and higher GWP (global warming potential) value.
Currently, the main substitute refrigerants for HCFC-22 are R410A, R417B and the like. Although their ODP value is 0, their GWP is still high, and cannot meet the environmental protection requirement that GWP is less than 150. While R32 as a single refrigerant has the problems of over-high system pressure and over-high exhaust temperature, R290 and R600a are inflammable and explosive, the safety level is generally lower than A2L, and serious safety risk exists. Therefore, the refrigerant which has the performance equivalent to HCFC-22, the GWP value lower than 150 and the safety performance of A2L is basically not available except for foreign HFOs mixed refrigerants, but the refrigerant has the characteristics of higher price, weak combustibility and poor refrigerating performance.
In the prior art, Chinese patent document CN201810164006.0 discloses a composition of 10-17% of fluoroethane; 25-40% of propane; a refrigerant which substitutes R22 for 40-55% of tetrafluoropropene; chinese patent document CN201711049752.7 discloses a refrigerant which contains 60-80% of propylene, 10-25% of propane and 10-20% of cyclopropane and replaces R22; chinese patent document CN200910102217.2 discloses a refrigerant which contains 35-50% of propylene, 30-40% of propane, 5-16% of tetrafluoroethane, 5-10% of trifluoroethane and 5-16% of liquid carbon dioxide and replaces R22; chinese patent document CN 201210393640.4 discloses a mixed refrigerant containing trifluoroiodomethane, which comprises, by mass, 1-10% of trifluoroiodomethane, 20-40% of 1, 1-difluoroethane, and 50-75% of propane. The refrigerant disclosed in the above patent has disadvantages that the HCFC-22 system may not be directly used for the tank charging, or the GWP value is high, or the refrigerant performance is inferior to HCFC-22, or the flammability is large, and thus, it is required to develop a novel refrigerant having better refrigeration performance, better compatibility with the existing system, and better environmental protection performance.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the obvious defects of refrigeration performance, safety performance, environmental protection, economy and the like in a certain aspect existing after the existing refrigerant is mixed, the invention aims to provide the environment-friendly mixed refrigerant, which meets the strict environmental protection requirement of the current international refrigerant, has excellent thermodynamic performance after being mixed, and has balanced performances in all aspects.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: an environmentally friendly mixed refrigerant comprising:
the component 1 comprises difluoromethane, and the mass fraction of the component 1 is 10-30%;
the component 2 comprises 1, 1-difluoroethane and accounts for 29-40% by mass;
a component 3, wherein the component 3 comprises 8-38% of trifluoroiodomethane by mass;
and the component 4 comprises propane and fluoroethane, the mass fraction of the propane and the fluoroethane is 12-47%, wherein the mass fraction of the fluoroethane in the component 4 is 0-33%.
Optionally, the mass fraction of the component 1 is 12-15%, the mass fraction of the component 2 is 31-33%, the mass fraction of the component 3 is 8-14%, the mass fraction of the component 4 is 40-46%, and the mass fraction of fluoroethane in the component 4 is 0-30%.
Further, the mass fraction of the component 1 is 14%, the mass fraction of the component 2 is 32%, the mass fraction of the component 3 is 10%, and the mass fraction of the component 4 is 44%, wherein the mass fraction of fluoroethane in the component 4 is 15%.
Optionally, the mass fraction of the component 1 is 12-16%, the mass fraction of the component 2 is 33-36%, the mass fraction of the component 3 is 22-38%, the mass fraction of the component 4 is 13-29%, and the mass fraction of fluoroethane in the component 4 is 0-8%.
Further, the mass fraction of the component 1 is 12%, the mass fraction of the component 2 is 35%, the mass fraction of the component 3 is 30%, and the mass fraction of the component 4 is 23%, wherein the mass fraction of fluoroethane in the component 4 is 5%.
Optionally, the mass fraction of the component 1 is 22-30%, the mass fraction of the component 2 is 32-40%, the mass fraction of the component 3 is 8-20%, the mass fraction of the component 4 is 26-46%, and the mass fraction of fluoroethane in the component 4 is 0-3%.
Further, the mass fraction of the component 1 is 22%, the mass fraction of the component 2 is 32%, the mass fraction of the component 3 is 13%, and the mass fraction of the component 4 is 33%, wherein the mass fraction of fluoroethane in the component 4 is 2%.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
firstly, the environment-friendly performance is good, compared with HCFC-22 working medium, the exhaust temperature is lower, the pressure ratio is lower, the COP is equivalent to or improved, the ODP is 0, particularly the GWP value can reach below 600, and the partial mixture GWP value can reach below 150 and is far lower than the GWP of HCFC-22, thereby meeting the strict environment-friendly requirement of the current international on the refrigerant.
And secondly, trifluoroiodomethane is added, so that the flammability of the refrigerant is greatly reduced, the safety level reaches above A2L, and the flammability is lower than that of alkane, alkene and ether mixed refrigerants.
In addition, the composition working medium of the environment-friendly refrigerant has the characteristics of mature production process, convenience and easy obtainment, and is beneficial to popularization.
Finally, because the saturated vapor pressure of each working medium is close to HCFC-22, the novel environment-friendly refrigerant obtained after mixing has very low temperature slippage, has excellent thermodynamic performance after mixing, has cycle efficiency, refrigeration coefficient and unit volume refrigerating capacity in a refrigerating system which are all close to or improved by HCFC-22, has safe operation and good thermodynamic cycle performance, can directly use the original HCFC-22 refrigeration oil, has better direct tank filling characteristic, can be directly used for the original equipment adopting HCFC-22 such as an air conditioner, low-temperature refrigeration and the like, and can directly replace HCFC-22 in the future on an air conditioning system.
The following detailed description will explain the present invention and its advantages.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that features from the examples and embodiments described below may be combined with each other without conflict.
At present, common mixed refrigerants are generally composed of 2-3 refrigerant working media and are limited by the characteristics of the working media, and after mixing, the obvious defects of refrigeration performance, safety performance, environmental protection, economy and the like are always existed.
Aiming at the defects, the invention provides an environment-friendly mixed refrigerant with more balanced performance, which comprises the following components:
the component 1 comprises difluoromethane, and the mass fraction of the component 1 is 10-30%;
the component 2 comprises 1, 1-difluoroethane and accounts for 29-40% by mass;
a component 3, wherein the component 3 comprises 8-38% of trifluoroiodomethane by mass;
and the component 4 comprises propane and fluoroethane, the mass fraction of the propane and the fluoroethane is 12-47%, wherein the mass fraction of the fluoroethane in the component 4 is 0-33%.
The basic physical properties of the above four components are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 basic parameters of components contained in an environmentally friendly mixed refrigerant
(Tb: normal boiling point, Tc: critical temperature, Pc: critical pressure)
| Constituent elements | Name (R) | Molecular formula | Molecular weight | Tb/℃ | Tc/℃ | Pc/MPa | ODP | GWP |
| R32 | Difluoromethane | CH2F2 | 52 | -51 | 78 | 5.8 | 0 | 675 |
| R152a | 1, 1-difluoroethane | CHF2CH3 | 66 | -24 | 113 | 4.5 | 0 | 124 |
| R13I1 | Trifluoroiodomethane | CF3I | 196 | -22 | 123 | 3.9 | 0 | 5 |
| R290 | Propane | C3H8 | 44 | -42 | 97 | 4.3 | 0 | 20 |
| R161 | Fluoroethane | C2H5F | 48 | -38 | 102 | 5.1 | 0 | 4 |
The mixed refrigerant disclosed by the invention is composed of 4-5 refrigerant working media, so that the defects of each working medium are well compensated, and the refrigeration performance, the safety performance and the environmental friendliness are balanced.
Example 1
The method comprises the following steps of physically mixing difluoromethane, 1-difluoroethane, trifluoroiodomethane and propane at normal temperature to obtain a new working medium, wherein the mixed refrigerant comprises the following components in percentage by mass: difluoromethane, 13%; 1, 1-difluoroethane, 33%; 8% of trifluoroiodomethane; propane, 46%.
Example 2
The method comprises the following steps of physically mixing difluoromethane, 1-difluoroethane, trifluoroiodomethane and propane at normal temperature to obtain a new working medium, wherein the mixed refrigerant comprises the following components in percentage by mass: difluoromethane, 15%; 1, 1-difluoroethane, 31%; 8% of trifluoroiodomethane; propane, 46%.
Example 3
The method comprises the following steps of physically mixing difluoromethane, 1-difluoroethane, trifluoroiodomethane and propane at normal temperature to obtain a new working medium, wherein the mixed refrigerant comprises the following components in percentage by mass: difluoromethane, 13%; 1, 1-difluoroethane, 36%; trifluoroiodomethane, 22%; propane, 29%.
Example 4
The method comprises the following steps of physically mixing difluoromethane, 1-difluoroethane, trifluoroiodomethane and propane at normal temperature to obtain a new working medium, wherein the mixed refrigerant comprises the following components in percentage by mass: difluoromethane, 13%; 1, 1-difluoroethane, 36%; 25% of trifluoroiodomethane; propane, 26%.
Example 5
The method comprises the following steps of physically mixing difluoromethane, 1-difluoroethane, trifluoroiodomethane, propane and fluoroethane at normal temperature to obtain a new working medium, wherein the mixed refrigerant comprises the following components in percentage by mass: difluoromethane, 13%; 1, 1-difluoroethane, 33%; trifluoroiodomethane, 29%; fluoroethane, 8%; propane, 17%.
Example 6
The method comprises the following steps of physically mixing difluoromethane, 1-difluoroethane, trifluoroiodomethane and propane at normal temperature to obtain a new working medium, wherein the mixed refrigerant comprises the following components in percentage by mass: difluoromethane, 13%; 1, 1-difluoroethane, 36%; 38% of trifluoroiodomethane; propane, 13%.
The design working conditions of the refrigerating machine are that the evaporation temperature is 7.2 ℃, the condensation temperature is 54.4 ℃, the supercooling degree is 0 ℃, the superheat degree is 11.1 ℃, experiments are carried out according to the GB/T10079-2001 refrigerant standard air-conditioning working condition, and the performance parameters of the embodiment and the performance parameters after the existing refrigerant experiments are compared, as shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2
Therefore, most of the examples of the novel environment-friendly refrigerant replacing HCFC-22 provided by the invention have the advantages that compared with HCFC-22, the pressure ratio is generally reduced, the unit refrigerating capacity is improved, the unit heating capacity is improved, the COP (coefficient of performance) is equivalent, the safety level generally reaches more than A2L, the refrigerant has the characteristic of low GWP (global warming potential), is environment-friendly, can directly replace HCFC-22 and other refrigerants in an air-conditioning system in the future, and has wide application prospect.
While the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited thereto, and may be embodied in other forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. Any modification which does not depart from the functional and structural principles of the present invention is intended to be included within the scope of the claims.
Claims (3)
1. An environment-friendly mixed refrigerant, characterized in that: the compound comprises a component 1, a component 2, a component 3 and a component 4, wherein:
the component 1 is difluoromethane, and the mass fraction is 13% -15%;
the component 2 is 1, 1-difluoroethane and accounts for 31-36% by mass;
the component 3 is trifluoroiodomethane with the mass fraction of 8-38%;
the component 4 is propane, and the mass fraction is 13-46%.
2. The environment-friendly mixed refrigerant according to claim 1, wherein: the mass fraction of the component 1 is 13-15%, the mass fraction of the component 2 is 31-33%, the mass fraction of the component 3 is 8-14%, and the mass fraction of the component 4 is 40-46%.
3. An environment-friendly mixed refrigerant, characterized in that: the compound comprises a component 1, a component 2, a component 3 and a component 4, wherein:
the component 1 is difluoromethane, and the mass fraction is 13%;
the component 2 is 1, 1-difluoroethane and the mass fraction is 33%;
the component 3 is trifluoroiodomethane with the mass fraction of 29 percent;
the component 4 consists of propane and fluoroethane, wherein the mass fraction of the propane is 17 percent, and the mass fraction of the fluoroethane is 8 percent.
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