CN110741457B - Protective element - Google Patents
Protective element Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110741457B CN110741457B CN201880039037.1A CN201880039037A CN110741457B CN 110741457 B CN110741457 B CN 110741457B CN 201880039037 A CN201880039037 A CN 201880039037A CN 110741457 B CN110741457 B CN 110741457B
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- tin
- electrode
- electrodes
- alloys
- fuse element
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 28
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910001316 Ag alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- PQIJHIWFHSVPMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cu].[Ag].[Sn] Chemical compound [Cu].[Ag].[Sn] PQIJHIWFHSVPMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000597 tin-copper alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910001174 tin-lead alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000969 tin-silver-copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- QCEUXSAXTBNJGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ag].[Sn] Chemical compound [Ag].[Sn] QCEUXSAXTBNJGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910000743 fusible alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000106 Liquid crystal polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004977 Liquid-crystal polymers (LCPs) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010485 coping Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002241 glass-ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011796 hollow space material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
- H01H37/74—Switches in which only the opening movement or only the closing movement of a contact is effected by heating or cooling
- H01H37/76—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
- H01H85/02—Details
- H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
- H01H85/05—Component parts thereof
- H01H85/055—Fusible members
- H01H85/12—Two or more separate fusible members in parallel
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
- H01H85/02—Details
- H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
- H01H85/05—Component parts thereof
- H01H85/143—Electrical contacts; Fastening fusible members to such contacts
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H5/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection
- H02H5/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to abnormal temperature
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Fuses (AREA)
Abstract
The protection element (10, 20) comprises: insulating substrates (11, 21); a plurality of electrodes (12, 22) provided on the insulating substrates (11, 21); an electrode filling material (13, 23) of a low melting point metal filled between at least one pair of the electrodes (12, 22); and fuse elements (14, 24) which are bridged between the at least one pair of electrodes and cover the upper portions of the electrode fillers (13, 23). The electrode filler (13, 23) is made of a metal material having a melting temperature of not higher than the liquidus temperature of the fuse element (14, 24).
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a protective element used for electric and electronic devices and the like.
Background
In recent years, with rapid spread of small electronic devices such as mobile devices, small and thin elements have been used as protection elements to be mounted in protection circuits of power supplies to be mounted thereon. As a protection circuit of the secondary battery pack, for example, a protection element of a Surface Mount Device (SMD) described in patent document 1 (japanese patent laid-open No. 2015-079608) is preferably used.
As these protection elements, there are non-recovery type protection elements that detect abnormal states such as excessive heat generation and overvoltage due to overcurrent of a device to be protected, or abnormal overheat due to sensing of ambient temperature, and operate a fuse under a predetermined condition to break a circuit. In the protection element, in order to realize safety of the device, when the protection circuit detects an abnormality occurring in the device, the resistance element is heated by a signal current from the protection circuit. In the protection element, a fuse element made of a fusible alloy material is fused by the heat generation to break an electric circuit, or the fuse element is fused by an overcurrent to break the electric circuit.
For example, patent document 1 and the like disclose a protective element using a fuse element material composed of a low-melting-point metal material that melts at a soldering temperature and a soluble metal structure material laminated on the low-melting-point metal material. In the fuse element material of the protection element, a low melting point metal material that is liquefied by a welding operation is attached to a solid phase metal structure material at its temperature by interfacial tension, thereby supporting and holding the low melting point metal so as not to be fused for a certain period of time. Thus, the shape of the fuse element is maintained at least during the soldering operation, and malfunction of the fuse element material during reflow soldering is prevented.
When the soldering is completed and the circuit protection element is mounted on the circuit to be protected, the metallic structural material of the fuse element material is diffused or dissolved in the low melting point metallic material as a medium by the heat of the soldering, thereby being thinned. The metal structural material having a thinned layer is easily lost by abnormal overheating in the installation environment or heating by a heater of a built-in resistance heating element, and does not interfere with the subsequent fusing to operate.
Documents of the prior art
Patent document
Patent document 1: japanese patent laid-open No. 2015-079608
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved by the invention
From the viewpoints of coping with high current density, reducing standby energy loss of a secondary battery, and the like, it is preferable to use a material having a low resistance value as much as possible for the fuse element used in the protection element. However, the types of fusible alloys that can be applied to the fuse element of the protection element are limited, and a fusible alloy having a low resistance value is not necessarily selected. In order to ensure practical use of the operating performance and the like, fuse elements having a large resistance value are often used.
The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to provide a protection element capable of reducing an internal resistance value without being affected by an intrinsic resistance value of a fuse element material.
Technical scheme for solving technical problem
According to the protection element according to the invention, it comprises: an insulating substrate; a plurality of electrodes disposed on the insulating substrate; an electrode filling material of a low melting point metal filled between at least one pair of the electrodes; and a fuse element that spans between the at least one pair of electrodes and covers an upper portion of the electrode filler. The electrode filling material is made of a metal material having a melting temperature of not higher than a liquidus temperature of the fuse element.
In the protective element, a heating element may be provided on one surface of the insulating substrate.
In the protective element, the electrode filling material may be composed of any one alloy selected from the group consisting of tin-based alloys, tin-lead alloys, tin-copper alloys, tin-silver alloys, and tin-silver-copper alloys.
In the protective element, the electrode filling material may be made of any one metal material selected from the group consisting of a metal material filled with a solder paste, a metal material filled with a solder ball, and a metal material filled by partial plating.
In the protective element, the fuse element may be made of any alloy selected from the group consisting of a tin-based alloy, a tin-lead alloy, a tin-copper alloy, a tin-silver alloy, and a tin-silver-copper alloy.
In the protection element, the fuse element may be composed of a composite material in which a plurality of metal materials of different compositions are combined.
In the protective element according to the present invention, the electrode filler is provided so as to fill the gap between the electrodes between which the fuse element is provided, thereby reducing the internal resistance of the protective element. The gap between the electrodes is a groove-like portion formed by end faces of the pair of electrodes facing each other and the insulating substrate surface therebetween. Any metal material may be used as the electrode filler material as long as it has a melting temperature equal to or lower than that of the fuse element. The electrode filling material is preferably composed of a material having a smaller electrical resistance than the fuse element. For example, tin or a tin-based solder material is used.
Effects of the invention
In the protection element according to the present invention, the electrode filler fills a gap (hollow space) between electrodes provided in the fuse element. This can enlarge the cross-sectional area of the current-carrying path of the fuse element, and reduce the internal resistance of the protection element. The electrode filler is made of a metal material having a melting temperature of the fuse element or lower, and therefore does not interfere with the fusing operation of the fuse element. Furthermore, the electrode filler can be made of a fusible alloy such as a solder material as it is, and a noble metal material such as pure silver or a silver alloy (high silver content alloy) can be omitted, so that it is economical.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a protective element according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows a protective element according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which (a) is a plan view obtained by cutting a lid body along the line I Ia-IIa of (b), (b) is a sectional view taken along the line IIb-IIb of (a), and (c) is a bottom view.
Fig. 3 is a main part cross-sectional view of the protective element according to the embodiment of the present invention, in which the cover, the electrode on the rear surface of the insulating substrate, and the heat generating element are omitted.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the protection element with electrode filling material 10 according to the present embodiment includes: an insulating substrate 11; a plurality of electrodes 12a to 12g provided on the insulating substrate 11; an electrode filler 13 of a low melting point metal filled between at least one pair of the electrodes 12a to 12g, for example, between the electrode 12a and the electrode 12b and between the electrode 12b and the electrode 12 c; a fuse element 14 that spans between the at least one pair of electrodes and covers an upper portion of the electrode filler 13; an operation flux (not shown) applied to the surface of the fuse element 14; and a lid 15 covering the operation flux and an upper portion of the fuse element 14. The electrode filler 13 is made of a metal material having a melting temperature equal to or lower than the liquidus temperature of the fuse element 14.
The insulating substrate 11 may be made of any insulating material and have any composition. As a material of the insulating substrate 11, for example, plastic, glass ceramic, or the like is preferable.
The electrode 12 provided on the insulating substrate 11 may be made of any conductive material and have any composition. As the material of the electrode 12, for example, copper, silver, a copper alloy, and a silver alloy are preferable.
The electrode filler 13 may be any material or composition as long as it can fill the metal material that is formed in the gap between the electrodes 12a and 12b and the gap between the electrodes 12b and 12c and has a melting temperature equal to or lower than that of the fuse element 14. Examples of the electrode filling material 13 include a metal material filled with a solder paste formed of a tin-based alloy, a tin-lead alloy, a tin-copper alloy, a tin-silver alloy, and a tin-silver-copper alloy, a metal material filled with a solder ball formed of a tin-based alloy, a tin-lead alloy, a tin-copper alloy, a tin-silver alloy, and a tin-silver-copper alloy, and a metal material filled with a partial plating filling formed of a tin-based alloy, a tin-lead alloy, a tin-copper alloy, a tin-silver alloy, and a tin-silver-copper alloy.
The electrode filler 13 may be integrated with the fuse element 14 following surface mounting of the protection element 10. Since the electrode filler 13 is formed into a spherical shape together with the liquefied fuse element 14 when the fuse element 14 is blown, the blowing operation is not hindered.
The fuse element 14 may be made of any material or composition as long as it is made of a fusible metal material. As the fuse element 14, for example, a tin-based alloy, a tin-lead alloy, a tin-copper alloy, a tin-silver-copper alloy, or the like can be used as appropriate. The fuse element 14 may be formed of a single composition metal material, or may be formed of a composite material by combining a plurality of metal materials having different compositions.
In the protective element 10 of the present embodiment, a heating element may be provided on one surface of the insulating substrate 11 as needed. The heat generating element is subjected to an insulating coating as required. When the heating element is not provided, the central electrode 12b connected to the fuse element 14 among the electrodes 12a, 12b, and 12c may be omitted.
The shape and material of the cover 15 are not limited as long as the cover covers the insulating substrate 11 and the upper portion of the fuse element 14 to secure a desired space. For example, a dome-shaped resin film cover, a plastic cover, a ceramic cover, or the like can be suitably used for the cover body 15.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the protection element 20 with an electrode filling material of example 1 has an insulating substrate 21 of alumina ceramic. A plurality of silver alloy electrodes 22a to 22h are provided on the insulating substrate 21. On the lower surface of the insulating substrate 21, a resistance heating element 26 electrically connected to the electrode 22f and the electrode 22h is provided.
A lid 25 made of a liquid crystal polymer is provided so as to cover the operation flux (not shown) applied to the surface of the fuse element 24, and the operation flux and the upper portion of the fuse element 24.
The electrode filler 23 is made of a metal material having a melting temperature equal to or lower than the liquidus temperature of the fuse element 24. The electrodes 22a and 22e, 22b and 22f, 22c and 22g, and 22d and 22h are electrically connected to each other through half-through holes of silver alloy.
The surface of the resistance heating element 26 of example 1 was glazed with an insulating glass. For the purpose of comparison with the electrode-filled protective element 20 of example 1, a protective element of a comparative example was prepared using the same members and members as those of example 1 but without the electrode filling material, and the internal resistance values of the two elements were measured. The internal resistance value of the protective element 20 with the electrode filling material of example 1 was 0.45m Ω (corresponding to the rated current 25A), while the internal resistance value of the protective element of the comparative example without the electrode filling material was 0.60m Ω (corresponding to the rated current 20A). It is understood that the structure of the present embodiment reduces the internal resistance of the protection element, thereby improving the rated current value.
In the protective element with an electrode filling material according to the present embodiment, although a void may be generated at the interface between the electrode filling material and the insulating substrate by heating, the conductive path is maintained, and thus there is no problem.
The embodiments disclosed herein are to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined not by the above description but by the appended claims, and all changes that come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are intended to be embraced therein.
Industrial applicability of the invention
The protective element with the electrode filler of the present invention can be mounted on a circuit board to be protected together with other surface-mounted components, and can be collectively mounted by soldering by a reflow method or the like, and can be used as a protective device for a secondary battery such as a battery pack.
Description of the reference symbols
10. 20 protective elements, 11, 21 insulating substrates, 12, 22 electrodes, 13, 23 electrode filling materials, 14, 24 fuse elements, 15, 25 caps, 26 resistance heating elements.
Claims (6)
1. A protective element, characterized in that,
the method comprises the following steps: an insulating substrate; a plurality of electrodes disposed on the insulating substrate; an electrode filling material of a low melting point metal filled in a groove-like portion constituted by end faces of at least one pair of opposing electrodes among the electrodes and an insulating substrate face therebetween; and a fuse element bridged between the at least one pair of electrodes and covering an upper portion of the electrode filler,
the electrode filling material is made of a metal material having a melting temperature equal to or lower than a liquidus temperature of the fuse element.
2. Protective element according to claim 1,
a heating element is provided on one surface of the insulating substrate.
3. The protective element according to claim 1,
the electrode filling material is composed of any one alloy selected from the group consisting of tin-based alloys, tin-lead alloys, tin-copper alloys, tin-silver alloys, and tin-silver-copper alloys.
4. The protective element according to claim 1,
the electrode filling material is made of any one metal material selected from the group consisting of a metal material filled with a solder paste, a metal material filled with a solder ball, and a metal material filled by partial plating.
5. The protective element according to claim 1,
the fuse element is made of any one alloy selected from the group consisting of tin-based alloys, tin-lead alloys, tin-copper alloys, tin-silver alloys, and tin-silver-copper alloys.
6. The protective element according to claim 5,
the fuse element is composed of a composite material in which a plurality of metal materials having different compositions are combined.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2017-148897 | 2017-08-01 | ||
| JP2017148897A JP6912314B2 (en) | 2017-08-01 | 2017-08-01 | Protective element |
| PCT/JP2018/028659 WO2019026904A1 (en) | 2017-08-01 | 2018-07-31 | Protection element |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110741457A CN110741457A (en) | 2020-01-31 |
| CN110741457B true CN110741457B (en) | 2022-06-07 |
Family
ID=65232710
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201880039037.1A Active CN110741457B (en) | 2017-08-01 | 2018-07-31 | Protective element |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP6912314B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR102373602B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN110741457B (en) |
| TW (1) | TWI676202B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2019026904A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP7050019B2 (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2022-04-07 | ショット日本株式会社 | Protective element |
| JP7340979B2 (en) | 2019-07-22 | 2023-09-08 | デクセリアルズ株式会社 | Protection elements and protection circuits |
| TWI820279B (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2023-11-01 | 日商迪睿合股份有限公司 | Protection element and battery pack |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103946946A (en) * | 2011-11-22 | 2014-07-23 | 恩益禧肖特电子零件有限公司 | Temperature fuse and sliding electrode used in temperature fuse |
| JP2015053260A (en) * | 2013-08-07 | 2015-03-19 | デクセリアルズ株式会社 | Protective element, and battery pack |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1300867A1 (en) * | 2001-10-03 | 2003-04-09 | Metalor Technologies International S.A. | Fuse link and method of manufacture |
| US20090189730A1 (en) * | 2008-01-30 | 2009-07-30 | Littelfuse, Inc. | Low temperature fuse |
| US8472158B2 (en) * | 2009-09-04 | 2013-06-25 | Cyntec Co., Ltd. | Protective device |
| JP2015079608A (en) | 2013-10-16 | 2015-04-23 | エヌイーシー ショット コンポーネンツ株式会社 | Fuse element material for protection element and circuit protection element using the same |
| JP6381980B2 (en) * | 2014-06-11 | 2018-08-29 | デクセリアルズ株式会社 | Switch element and switch circuit |
-
2017
- 2017-08-01 JP JP2017148897A patent/JP6912314B2/en active Active
-
2018
- 2018-07-31 KR KR1020197034414A patent/KR102373602B1/en active Active
- 2018-07-31 CN CN201880039037.1A patent/CN110741457B/en active Active
- 2018-07-31 WO PCT/JP2018/028659 patent/WO2019026904A1/en active Application Filing
- 2018-08-01 TW TW107126621A patent/TWI676202B/en active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103946946A (en) * | 2011-11-22 | 2014-07-23 | 恩益禧肖特电子零件有限公司 | Temperature fuse and sliding electrode used in temperature fuse |
| JP2015053260A (en) * | 2013-08-07 | 2015-03-19 | デクセリアルズ株式会社 | Protective element, and battery pack |
| CN105453211A (en) * | 2013-08-07 | 2016-03-30 | 迪睿合电子材料有限公司 | Protective element and battery pack |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR102373602B1 (en) | 2022-03-14 |
| JP6912314B2 (en) | 2021-08-04 |
| CN110741457A (en) | 2020-01-31 |
| JP2019029244A (en) | 2019-02-21 |
| KR20190141719A (en) | 2019-12-24 |
| TWI676202B (en) | 2019-11-01 |
| WO2019026904A1 (en) | 2019-02-07 |
| TW201921398A (en) | 2019-06-01 |
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