CN110740560B - High-frequency cavity constant temperature device and control method and proton/heavy ion accelerator - Google Patents
High-frequency cavity constant temperature device and control method and proton/heavy ion accelerator Download PDFInfo
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- CN110740560B CN110740560B CN201911067728.5A CN201911067728A CN110740560B CN 110740560 B CN110740560 B CN 110740560B CN 201911067728 A CN201911067728 A CN 201911067728A CN 110740560 B CN110740560 B CN 110740560B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a high-frequency cavity constant temperature device, a control method and a proton/heavy ion accelerator, wherein the constant temperature device comprises a cooling device and a constant temperature heating device, a bypass device of the constant temperature heating device is connected with a delivery pump of the cooling device and a cooling liquid inlet end of a high-frequency cavity in a bypass way, and a heater of the constant temperature heating device is positioned outside the bypass device and outside a cooling loop of an input end and between a cooling liquid outlet end of the high-frequency cavity and the delivery pump. The constant temperature heating device shares a delivery pump of the cooling device and a cooling pipeline in the high-frequency cavity, and can heat and maintain the standby temperature of the high-frequency cavity when the machine is stopped and the vacuum state is broken. More specifically, the input end of the delivery pump is connected with a reflux cooling control valve to regulate and control the fluid delivery quantity of the delivery pump.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of proton/heavy ion acceleration, in particular to a high-frequency cavity constant temperature device and a control method and a proton/heavy ion accelerator, wherein protons refer to free ions with mass numbers equal to 1, and heavy ions refer to free ions with mass numbers greater than 4.
Background
Proton/heavy ion accelerators are known to be useful in medical, semiconductor, atomic physical, material science, life sciences, new energy research, astronomical physics, etc. fields for providing energy to proton/heavy ions to produce proton/heavy ion energy beams of appropriate acceleration intensity. It is an important issue to make the proton/heavy ion accelerator operate more stably, and particularly, the objective of making the proton/heavy ion accelerator operate stably is more difficult to achieve under conditions such as adjustable working frequency and variable working load.
The proton/heavy ion accelerator is mainly composed of an ion source system, a particle transport system, a main magnet, a high-frequency system, a vacuum system, various auxiliary systems and the like. The high-frequency system is generally composed of a high-frequency accelerating electrode, a high-frequency resonant cavity and a high-frequency power source. The high-frequency system is used for providing high-frequency voltage necessary for the cyclotron for ions, is one of the most basic components in the accelerator, and the stability of the working state of the high-frequency resonant cavity has a great influence on the performance of the accelerator.
However, proton/heavy ion accelerators require periodic maintenance during operational service to inspect and replace the wearing parts. In the overhaul process, the high-frequency cavity is in contact with the atmosphere or external air, a large amount of air can be absorbed by the wall surface of the high-frequency cavity, and when the operation is restarted, the absorbed air can be continuously separated out from the high-frequency cavity, so that the vacuum degree of the high-frequency chamber can be reduced, and further high-frequency ignition is caused, and the beam quality is reduced. Thus, current proton/heavy ion accelerators require a considerable and uncontrollable exercise time to restart to steady state operation after maintenance from shutdown.
The original applicant discloses a proton accelerator beam cooling device in Chinese patent application publication No. CN108633160A, which belongs to the field of proton accelerators and comprises a heat conducting beam blocking body, wherein a storage groove is formed in the side wall of the heat conducting beam blocking body, and cooling liquid is stored in the groove; the heat conduction beam blocking body is connected with one end of the hollow pipe body, the other end of the hollow pipe body is connected with the heat conduction condensing body, and a cooling cavity for cooling liquid is formed among the groove of the heat conduction beam blocking body, the cavity of the hollow pipe body and the condensing body. Accordingly, it has been disclosed that the proton accelerator can be heat-radiating cooled by means of heat conduction.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the purposes of the invention is to provide a high-frequency cavity constant temperature device, which is used for solving the problems that air is continuously separated out of a high-frequency cavity in the process from overhauling and stopping to running and service of a proton/heavy ion accelerator, so that high-frequency ignition is caused, beam quality is reduced or a large amount of high-frequency cavity exercise time is required, and the proton/heavy ion accelerator can be put into operation more quickly.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a proton/heavy ion accelerator, using the foregoing high frequency chamber thermostat device, to enable constant temperature circulation to raise the standby temperature of the high frequency chamber when the high frequency chamber system is stopped, and to cool the high frequency chamber while running, and without changing the pipe design in the high frequency chamber of the proton/heavy ion accelerator.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for controlling the temperature of a high frequency cavity, which is used to accelerate the exhaust of the high frequency cavity, make the high frequency cavity more quickly exceed the electronic effect area, and reduce the time from restarting to the operation condition of the accelerator.
One of the purposes of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
The high-frequency cavity constant temperature device is applied to a proton/heavy ion accelerator, the proton/heavy ion accelerator is provided with a high-frequency cavity, and the high-frequency cavity constant temperature device comprises a cooling device and a constant temperature heating device. The cooling device is used for maintaining the running temperature of the high-frequency cavity and other heating equipment of the accelerator when the proton/heavy ion accelerator is in a running state, and comprises a first section cooling loop, a second section cooling loop and a conveying pump arranged between the first section cooling loop and the second section cooling loop, wherein two ends of the first section cooling loop are respectively connected with the conveying pump and a cooling liquid inlet end of the high-frequency cavity, a heat exchanger is arranged in the first section cooling loop, and two ends of the second section cooling loop are respectively connected with a cooling liquid outlet end of the high-frequency cavity and the conveying pump. The constant temperature heating device is used for heating and maintaining the standby temperature of the high-frequency cavity in the high-frequency cavity stopping state, the constant temperature heating device comprises a bypass device and a heater, the heater is positioned outside the bypass device and outside the first section cooling loop and between the cooling liquid outlet end of the high-frequency cavity and the delivery pump, and the bypass device is connected with the delivery pump to the cooling liquid inlet end of the high-frequency cavity in a bypass mode, so that the constant temperature heating device shares the delivery pump of the cooling device and a cooling pipeline in the high-frequency cavity from the cooling liquid inlet end to the cooling liquid outlet end. And a first cooling control valve is arranged in the second section of cooling loop close to the delivery pump.
By adopting the technical scheme, the heater is arranged outside the bypass device and outside the first section cooling loop and between the high-frequency cavity and the delivery pump, the bypass device bypasses and connects the delivery pump to the high-frequency cavity, so that the constant-temperature heating device shares the cooling pipelines of the delivery pump and the high-frequency cavity of the cooling device, and a first cooling control valve arranged close to the delivery pump in the loop cooling loop is utilized, therefore, the proton/heavy ion accelerator increases the constant-temperature standby condition in use, the pipeline design in the high-frequency cavity of the proton/heavy ion accelerator is not required to be changed, the constant-temperature standby condition can be switched to the operation cooling condition rapidly, and the operation cooling condition can be switched to the constant-temperature standby condition rapidly.
The present invention in a first aspect of the first preferred example may be further configured to: the bypass device includes a bypass circuit and a combination of first thermal control valves disposed in the bypass circuit.
By adopting the above preferred technical scheme, the bypass loop and the first thermal control valve are combined, so that the position configuration of the bypass device is facilitated.
The present invention in a first aspect of the first preferred example may be further configured to: a second cooling control valve is disposed in the first stage cooling circuit proximate the transfer pump, or in a second aspect of the first preferred example may be further configured to: the bypass device includes a bypass valve.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, utilize second cooling control valve and setting position thereof, can avoid heating the working medium inflow to be equipped with the first section cooling circuit of heat exchanger, first section cooling circuit can keep in low temperature state. Or the bypass valve is used for replacing the first thermal control valve and the second cooling control valve, so that the valve component and the pipeline design and the installation time are reduced.
The present invention in a second preferred example may be further configured to: the heater includes an active heat source, a passive heat source that receives heat from operation of the transfer pump, or a combination of the two.
By adopting the technical scheme, the possible forms of the heater are utilized, the applicable choice of the heater is enlarged, and the input of the running heat of the conveying pump can reduce the input of heating equipment and the heat energy loss.
The present invention in a third preferred example may be further configured to: the constant temperature heating device also comprises a heating loop and an oil tank arranged in the heating loop, and two ends of the heating loop are respectively connected with a cooling liquid outlet end of the high-frequency cavity and the delivery pump.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, utilize heating circuit and the oil tank that sets up in the heating circuit, the heater can heat the heating working medium in the oil tank, and the heating working medium can select for use the conduction oil, and the cooling water can be selected for use to the cooling working medium, adopts the cooling water to take away the heat in high frequency chamber through two district cooling circuit cooling when the operation, adopts the conduction oil to maintain the temperature in high frequency chamber through heating circuit and bypass device when waiting.
The present invention in the first specific aspect of the third preferred example may be further configured to: a second thermal control valve is disposed in the heating circuit proximate to the transfer pump.
By adopting the technical scheme, the heating working medium can be prevented from flowing into the conveying pump by utilizing the second thermal control valve and the configuration relation thereof, and the second-stage cooling loop can be kept in a low-temperature state.
The present invention in the second specific aspect of the third preferred example may be further configured to: the high-frequency cavity constant temperature device further comprises an oil-water separator which is connected between the cooling liquid outlet end of the high-frequency cavity and the second section of cooling loop and between the cooling liquid outlet end of the high-frequency cavity and the heating loop.
By adopting the technical scheme, the installation of a plurality of control valves at the outlet end of the cooling liquid of the high-frequency cavity can be reduced by utilizing the oil-water separator and the configuration relation thereof, and the automatic separation of the heat conduction oil serving as the heating working medium and the cooling water serving as the refrigerating working medium during the backflow is realized.
The present invention in a fourth preferred example may be further configured to: the heater is arranged in the second-stage cooling loop, so that the constant-temperature heating device shares the second-stage cooling loop of the cooling device.
By adopting the technical scheme, the constant temperature heating device shares the second section cooling loop by utilizing the heater and the configuration relation thereof, so that the configuration of the heating loop can be saved.
The present invention in a fifth preferred example may be further configured to: the high-frequency cavity constant temperature device further comprises an air source valve which is connected between the conveying pump and the first cooling control valve.
By adopting the technical scheme, the air source valve and the configuration relation thereof are utilized, and air can be introduced into the pipeline in the switching process of the constant-temperature standby working condition and the operation cooling working condition so as to rapidly discharge the heating/refrigerating working medium in the high-frequency cavity.
Another object of the invention is achieved by a proton/heavy ion accelerator using the technical solution of the high frequency chamber thermostatic device of any of the examples described above or a possible combination of its technical solutions.
The other object of the invention is achieved by the following technical scheme:
the high-frequency cavity constant-temperature control method at least comprises two working conditions, namely an acceleration working condition and a standby working condition of the proton/heavy ion accelerator. And when the proton/heavy ion accelerator is in an operation working condition, the high-frequency cavity is in a vacuum state during operation, the operation temperature of the high-frequency cavity is maintained by cooling by the cooling device, a cooling path of the high-frequency cavity passes through a first section cooling loop of the cooling device by the delivery pump to a cooling pipeline in the high-frequency cavity and returns to a second section cooling loop of the cooling device, a heat exchanger is arranged in the first section cooling loop, and a cooling control valve is arranged in the second section cooling loop close to the delivery pump. When the proton/heavy ion accelerator is in a standby condition, the high-frequency cavity is in a state of stopping and breaking vacuum, the high-frequency cavity is in one or more states of vacuum debugging before operation, the constant-temperature heating device is used for heating and maintaining the standby temperature of the high-frequency cavity, and a constant-temperature heating path of the constant-temperature heating device passes through a bypass device of the constant-temperature heating device from the conveying pump to a cooling pipeline in the high-frequency cavity and returns to a heater of the constant-temperature heating device.
By adopting the technical scheme, the constant-temperature standby condition of preheating the proton/heavy ion accelerator is realized, the constant-temperature heating device can share the cooling pipeline from the cooling liquid inlet end to the cooling liquid outlet end in the conveying pump and the high-frequency cavity of the cooling device, the pipeline design in the high-frequency cavity of the proton/heavy ion accelerator is not required to be changed, and the equipment universality of the high-frequency cavity is improved.
In summary, the present invention includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. The constant temperature heating device in the high-frequency cavity constant temperature device is utilized to connect with the constant temperature heating device, the constant temperature standby working condition is increased on the use of the proton/heavy ion accelerator, so that the absorption gas in the high-frequency cavity is reduced or/and the gas precipitation in the high-frequency cavity is quickened, the exercise time of the high-frequency cavity is effectively shortened, and the input operation of the proton/heavy ion accelerator is quickened;
2. The proton/heavy ion accelerator can play a role of preheating and constant-temperature standby, and the constant-temperature heating device shares a conveying pump of the cooling device and a cooling pipeline in the high-frequency cavity, so that the pipeline design in the high-frequency cavity of the proton/heavy ion accelerator is not required to be changed;
3. The proton/heavy ion accelerator can be rapidly switched from the working condition of running cooling to the working condition of constant temperature standby, and a first cooling control valve arranged near the delivery pump in the cooling loop can prevent backflow refrigeration working medium from accidentally entering a bypass device for delivering heating fluid, so that the working condition of switching from running cooling to constant temperature standby is quickened; or/and, the flow of the refrigerating medium from the cooling loop to the delivery pump can be regulated and controlled;
4. the proton/heavy ion accelerator can be switched to the working condition of operation cooling from constant temperature standby quickly, and the heating working medium heated by the heater can enter the cooling pipeline in the high-frequency cavity through the bypass device without passing through the first section of cooling loop provided with the heat exchanger, so that the working condition of operation cooling from constant temperature standby is quickened.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram showing a high-frequency chamber constant temperature apparatus according to a first preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram showing a high-frequency chamber constant temperature apparatus according to a second preferred embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method for controlling the constant temperature of a high frequency cavity according to a third preferred embodiment of the invention.
Reference numerals 10, high-frequency cavity, 11, cooling liquid inlet end, 12, cooling liquid outlet end, 21, first section cooling circuit, 22, second section cooling circuit, 23, delivery pump, 24, heat exchanger, 25, first cooling control valve, 26, second cooling control valve, 27, water tank, 31, bypass device, 32, heater, 33, bypass circuit, 34, first heat control valve, 35, heating circuit, 36, second heat control valve, 37, oil tank, 38, liquid storage tank, 40, oil-water separator, 50, air source valve.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that, if directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) are included in the embodiments of the present invention, the directional indications are merely used to explain the relative positional relationship, movement conditions, etc. between the components in a specific posture (as shown in the drawings), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indications are correspondingly changed.
The high-frequency chamber constant temperature device, the control method and the proton/heavy ion accelerator of the present invention will be described in further detail below, but the scope of the present invention should not be limited thereto.
Referring to fig. 1, a high-frequency chamber thermostat disclosed in a first embodiment of the present invention is applied to a high-frequency system of a proton/heavy ion accelerator, wherein the proton/heavy ion accelerator is provided with a high-frequency chamber 10, and the high-frequency chamber thermostat comprises a cooling device and a constant-temperature heating device. The high frequency cavity 10 has a high frequency resonant cavity.
The cooling device is used for maintaining the running temperature of the high-frequency cavity 10 and other heating equipment of the accelerator when the proton/heavy ion accelerator is in a running state, and comprises a first-stage cooling loop 21, a second-stage cooling loop 22 and a delivery pump 23 arranged between the first-stage cooling loop 21 and the second-stage cooling loop 22, wherein two ends of the first-stage cooling loop 21 are respectively connected with the delivery pump 23 and a cooling liquid inlet end 11 of the high-frequency cavity 10, a heat exchanger 24 is arranged in the first-stage cooling loop 21, and two ends of the second-stage cooling loop 22 are respectively connected with a cooling liquid outlet end 12 of the high-frequency cavity 10 and the delivery pump 23. The first function of the transfer pump 23 is to transfer the refrigerant in the second stage cooling circuit 22 to the heat exchanger 24 of the first stage cooling circuit 21, the heat exchanger 24 providing a low temperature refrigerant and to the cooling line in the high frequency chamber 10 via the first stage cooling circuit 21. In this example, the first stage cooling circuit 21 and the second stage cooling circuit 22 may constitute one complete cooling circuit.
The constant temperature heating device is used for heating and maintaining the standby temperature of the high frequency cavity 10 when the high frequency cavity 10 is in a shutdown state such as shutdown breaking vacuum or vacuum test adjustment before operation, and the constant temperature heating device comprises a bypass device 31 and a heater 32, wherein the heater 32 is positioned outside the bypass device 31 and outside the first section cooling loop 21 and between the cooling liquid outlet end 12 of the high frequency cavity 10 and the delivery pump 23, and the bypass device 31 bypasses the delivery pump 23 to the cooling liquid inlet end 11 of the high frequency cavity 10 so that the constant temperature heating device shares the cooling pipeline from the cooling liquid inlet end 11 to the cooling liquid outlet end 12 in the high frequency cavity 10 and the delivery pump 23 of the cooling device. The heat transfer length of the bypass device 31 is desirably shorter than the cold transfer length of the first stage cooling circuit 21. The transfer pump 23 thus additionally has a second function of transferring the heating medium generated by the heater 32 to the bypass device 31 and then to the cooling line in the high-frequency chamber 10.
Wherein a first cooling control valve 25 (see valve 1 position of fig. 1) is provided in the second stage cooling circuit 22 near the transfer pump 23. The first cooling control valve 25 can control or regulate the flow rate of the refrigerant to the delivery pump 23, or can prevent the refrigerant flowing back from flowing to the delivery pump 23 during heating.
The implementation principle of the embodiment is as follows: the heater 32 is arranged outside the bypass device 31 and outside the first-stage cooling loop 21 and between the high-frequency cavity 10 and the delivery pump 23, the bypass device 31 bypasses and connects the delivery pump 23 to the high-frequency cavity 10, so that the constant-temperature heating device shares cooling pipelines of the delivery pump 23 and the high-frequency cavity 10 of the cooling device, and a first cooling control valve 25 arranged in the cooling loop and close to the delivery pump 23.
Regarding a specific form of the bypass device, in the present embodiment or other equivalent similar examples, the bypass device 31 may more specifically include a combination of a bypass circuit 33 and a first thermal control valve 34 provided in the bypass circuit 33. With the combination of the bypass circuit 33 and the first thermal control valve 34, the first thermal control valve 34 can be referred to the valve 3 position of fig. 1, which can facilitate the positional arrangement of the bypass device 31. Even with the bypass circuit 33, the heat transfer length of the bypass device 31 is preferably shorter than the cold transfer length of the first-stage cooling circuit 21.
Regarding a specific arrangement relation of the first-stage cooling circuit, in this embodiment or other equivalent similar examples, a second cooling control valve 26 (see the position of the valve 4 in fig. 1) may be provided in the first-stage cooling circuit 21 near the delivery pump 23, and with the second cooling control valve 26 and its arrangement position, it is possible to avoid the flow of the heating medium into the first-stage cooling circuit 21 provided with the heat exchanger 24, and the first-stage cooling circuit 21 may be kept in a low-temperature state. The heat exchanger 24 may in particular be a compressor refrigeration unit or a heat exchange fluid medium using a fluid medium having a temperature lower than that of the first stage cooling circuit 21 when passing through the heat exchanger 24. Or as to another specific form of the bypass device, in another variation example, the bypass device 31 may be further configured to include a bypass valve. The bypass valve replaces the first thermal control valve 34 and the second cooling control valve 26 to reduce valve component and piping design, installation time. The bypass valve may be a three-way valve structure.
Regarding the heater, in the present embodiment or other equivalent similar examples, the heater 32 may specifically include an active heat source, a passive heat source that receives the heat of operation of the delivery pump 23, or a combination of the two. By using the possible forms of the heater, the applicable choice of the heater is enlarged, and the input of the heating equipment and the heat energy loss can be reduced by introducing the operation heat of the conveying pump 23. The active heat source may be, for example, an electric heating device, and may rapidly raise the temperature of the high frequency cavity in a standby state because the power of the high frequency transmitter cannot enter the high frequency cavity.
Based on the specific construction of different backflow paths of the refrigerating medium and the heating medium, in this embodiment or other equivalent similar examples, the cooling device may further include a water tank 27 disposed in the second-stage cooling circuit 22, the constant-temperature heating device may further include a heating circuit 35 and an oil tank 37 disposed in the heating circuit 35, and two ends of the heating circuit 35 are also respectively connected to the cooling liquid outlet 12 of the high-frequency cavity 10 and the delivery pump 23. Therefore, by using the heating circuit 35 and the oil tank 37 disposed in the heating circuit 35, the heater 32 can heat the heating medium in the oil tank 37, the heating medium can be heat conducting oil, the cooling medium can be cooling water, the cooling water is used to cool the high-frequency cavity 10 through the two section cooling circuits during operation, and the heat conducting oil is used to maintain the temperature of the high-frequency cavity 10 through the heating circuit 35 and the bypass device 31 during standby. The heater 32 may be mounted in a tank 37.
Regarding a specific arrangement of the heating circuit, in this embodiment or other equivalent similar examples, a second thermal control valve 36 (see valve 2 position of fig. 1) may be provided in the heating circuit 35 close to the transfer pump 23. By using the second heat control valve 36 and its arrangement, the flow of the heating medium into the transfer pump 23 can be prevented, and the second-stage cooling circuit 22 can be maintained in a low-temperature state.
Regarding a backflow aspect of the refrigerant and the heating medium, in this embodiment or other equivalent similar examples, the high-frequency cavity thermostat may further include an oil-water separator 40 connected between the cooling liquid outlet end 12 of the high-frequency cavity 10 and the second-stage cooling circuit 22 and between the cooling liquid outlet end 12 of the high-frequency cavity 10 and the heating circuit 35. By utilizing the oil-water separator 40 and the configuration relation thereof, the installation of a plurality of control valves at the cooling liquid outlet end 12 of the high-frequency cavity 10 can be reduced, and the automatic separation of the heat conducting oil serving as the heating working medium and the cooling water serving as the refrigerating working medium during the backflow can be achieved.
Regarding a specific aspect of rapidly switching the refrigerant and the heating medium, in this embodiment or other equivalent similar examples, the high-frequency chamber thermostat may further include an air source valve 50 connected between the delivery pump 23 and the first cooling control valve 25. By utilizing the air source valve 50 and the configuration relation thereof, air can be introduced into the pipeline in the switching process of the constant temperature standby working condition and the operation cooling working condition so as to rapidly discharge the heating/refrigerating working medium in the high-frequency cavity 10.
For the cooling circulation loop of the high-frequency cavity, a circulating pump, a pipe fitting and the like which are communicated with the loop and the common heat conduction loop are used as sealing elements capable of water communication and oil resistance. If the two loops are incompatible, two loops can be designed according to the situation. In a specific construction, the distance between the transfer pump 23 and the second cooling control valve 26 (valve 4), and the distance between the first thermal control valve 34 (valve 3) and the heat exchanger 24 should be sufficiently long to prevent the heat exchanger 24 from burning out, and the piping in this section of the first-stage cooling circuit 21 is as much as possible welded to prevent burning out the seal due to excessive temperatures.
The high-frequency cavity constant temperature device can be provided with corresponding control elements and programs for switching the cooling working condition and the constant-temperature standby working condition.
The following description is presented for the purpose of facilitating understanding of the technical aspects of the present invention, but is not intended to limit the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows a high-frequency chamber thermostat device according to a second embodiment of the present invention, which is applied to a proton/heavy ion accelerator, wherein the proton/heavy ion accelerator is provided with a high-frequency chamber 10, and the high-frequency chamber thermostat device comprises a cooling device and a constant-temperature heating device. The cooling device is used for maintaining the running temperature of the high-frequency cavity 10 and other heating equipment of the accelerator when the proton/heavy ion accelerator is in a running state, and comprises a first-stage cooling loop 21, a second-stage cooling loop 22 and a delivery pump 23 arranged between the first-stage cooling loop 21 and the second-stage cooling loop 22, wherein two ends of the first-stage cooling loop 21 are respectively connected with the delivery pump 23 and a cooling liquid inlet end 11 of the high-frequency cavity 10, a heat exchanger 24 is arranged in the first-stage cooling loop 21, and two ends of the second-stage cooling loop 22 are respectively connected with a cooling liquid outlet end 12 of the high-frequency cavity 10 and the delivery pump 23. The constant temperature heating device is used for heating and maintaining the standby temperature of the high frequency cavity 10 when the high frequency cavity 10 is in a shutdown vacuum breaking state or a shutdown vacuum breaking state, the constant temperature heating device comprises a bypass device 31 and a heater 32, the heater 32 is positioned outside the bypass device 31 and outside the first section cooling loop 21 and between the cooling liquid outlet end 12 of the high frequency cavity 10 and the delivery pump 23, and the bypass device 31 bypasses and connects the delivery pump 23 to the cooling liquid inlet end 11 of the high frequency cavity 10, so that the constant temperature heating device shares a cooling pipeline between the delivery pump 23 of the cooling device and the cooling liquid inlet end 11 to the cooling liquid outlet end 12 in the high frequency cavity 10. Wherein a first cooling control valve 25 is arranged in the second stage cooling circuit 22 close to the transfer pump 23.
Regarding another backflow aspect of the refrigerant and the heating medium, in this embodiment or other equivalent similar examples, the heater 32 may be disposed in the second stage cooling circuit 22, so that the constant temperature heating device shares the second stage cooling circuit 22 of the cooling device. By using the heater 32 and its arrangement, the constant temperature heating apparatus shares the second-stage cooling circuit 22, and the arrangement of the heating circuit 35 can be saved.
Regarding a specific arrangement relation of the second-stage cooling circuit, more specifically, the second-stage cooling circuit 22 may be provided with a liquid storage tank 38 instead of a water tank and an oil tank, the liquid storage tank 38 may simultaneously hold a refrigerant and a heating working medium, or may select a working medium having both a cooling function and a heating function as a heat-conducting and cooling substance, and the heater 32 heats the heating working medium or the cooling and heating working medium in the liquid storage tank 38.
In addition, another embodiment of the present invention discloses a proton/heavy ion accelerator using any of the above high frequency chamber thermostats, which may further include an ion source system, a particle transport system, a high frequency system in addition to the high frequency chamber thermostats. The high frequency system is for supplying the ions with a high frequency voltage necessary for the cyclotron and has a high frequency cavity, and the high frequency cavity thermostat device enables the high frequency cavity 10 to have a function of constant temperature standby. It is particularly noted that the high-frequency cavity of the present embodiment can be used as a high-frequency cavity that has not previously had a function of constant-temperature standby.
Referring to fig. 3, a high frequency chamber constant temperature method according to a third embodiment of the present invention includes at least two operations, namely an acceleration operation and a standby operation of the proton/heavy ion accelerator. The high frequency cavity thermostat method may be implemented using the first embodiment, or other high frequency cavity thermostats having the same or similar functions.
In the operation condition of the proton/heavy ion accelerator, the high-frequency cavity 10 is in a vacuum state during operation, the operation temperature of the high-frequency cavity 10 is maintained by cooling device cooling, a cooling path of the high-frequency cavity is from a delivery pump 23 to a cooling pipeline in the high-frequency cavity 10 through a first section cooling loop 21 of the cooling device, and then the high-frequency cavity returns to a second section cooling loop 22 of the cooling device, a heat exchanger 24 is arranged in the first section cooling loop 21, and a cooling control valve is arranged in the second section cooling loop 22 close to the delivery pump 23.
And S3, when the proton/heavy ion accelerator is in a standby working condition, including one or more of the state that the high-frequency cavity 10 is in a shutdown vacuum breaking state and the state that the high-frequency cavity is in a vacuum debugging state before operation, heating and maintaining the standby temperature of the high-frequency cavity 10 by a constant-temperature heating device, wherein a constant-temperature heating path is from the conveying pump 23 to a cooling pipeline in the high-frequency cavity 10 through a bypass device 31 of the constant-temperature heating device, and then returning to a heater 32 of the constant-temperature heating device.
Therefore, a constant temperature standby condition of preheating the proton/heavy ion accelerator is realized, the constant temperature heating device can share the conveying pump 23 of the cooling device and the cooling pipeline from the cooling liquid inlet end 11 to the cooling liquid outlet end 12 in the high-frequency cavity 10, and the pipeline design in the high-frequency cavity 10 of the proton/heavy ion accelerator is not required to be changed, so that the equipment universality of the high-frequency cavity 10 is improved.
In general, there may be a step S2 of switching the first working condition between the step S1 and the step S3, and a step S4 of switching the second working condition after the step S3, so as to return to the step S1. The switching time between the step S2 and the step S4 can be effectively shortened. In the first working condition switching step S2, the high-frequency cavity 10 is in a state from vacuum to shutdown for breaking vacuum, and the preferred technical scheme can inject nitrogen into the high-frequency cavity 10, so that the gas type absorbed by the cavity wall of the high-frequency cavity is reduced by absorbing nitrogen, the time for restarting to a stable state can be more effectively reduced by matching with the step S3, and the exercise time in the starting process is reduced.
Taking the method for actually performing the high-frequency cavity constant temperature by using the high-frequency cavity constant temperature device under the specific architecture of the first embodiment as an example:
And S1, cooling the high-frequency cavity 10, wherein the refrigerating medium sequentially passes through the second cooling control valve 26, the heat exchanger 24, the high-frequency cavity 10, the oil-water separator 40, the water tank 27 and the first cooling control valve 25 by taking the delivery pump 23 as a starting point to form a cooling loop. At this time, the air source valve 50, the first thermal control valve 34, and the second thermal control valve 36 are closed.
And S3, enabling the high-frequency cavity 10 to be in a constant-temperature standby working condition, and enabling the heating working medium to sequentially pass through the first heat control valve 34, the high-frequency cavity 10, the oil-water separator 40, the oil tank 37 and the second heat control valve 36 by taking the delivery pump 23 as a starting point to form a constant-temperature loop. At this time, the first cooling control valve 25, the second cooling control valve 26, and the air source valve 50 are closed.
Step S2 of switching working conditions for the first time: the cooling mode is switched to the constant temperature standby mode, the air source valve 50 is opened, most of the refrigerant such as water in the pipeline is blown into the water tank 27, then the air source valve 50, the first cooling control valve 25 and the second cooling control valve 26 are closed, and the first heat control valve 34 and the second heat control valve 36 are opened.
Step S4 of switching working conditions for the second time: the constant temperature standby mode is switched to the cooling mode, the air source valve 50 is opened, most of heating working medium such as oil in a pipeline is blown into the oil tank 37, then the first and second heat control valves 34 and 36 of the air source valve 50 are closed, and the first and second cooling control valves 25 and 26 are opened.
The high-frequency cavity constant temperature method described above may also be performed using the high-frequency cavity constant temperature apparatus of the second embodiment without limitation.
In conclusion, after the high-frequency cavity constant temperature device is added, the exhaust of the high-frequency cavity can be quickened, so that the high-frequency cavity has excessive electron effect areas, and the time from restarting to the running working condition of the accelerator is shortened.
One or more embodiments of the present invention are provided as preferred embodiments for facilitating understanding and implementation of the technical solution of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention in this way, and all equivalent changes made in the structure, shape and principle of the present invention should be covered in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A high frequency chamber thermostat device for use in a proton/heavy ion accelerator provided with a high frequency chamber (10), the high frequency chamber thermostat device comprising:
The cooling device is used for maintaining the operation temperature of the high-frequency cavity (10) and other heating equipment of the accelerator when the proton/heavy ion accelerator is in an operation state, and comprises a first section cooling loop (21), a second section cooling loop (22) and a conveying pump (23) arranged between the first section cooling loop (21) and the second section cooling loop (22), wherein two ends of the first section cooling loop (21) are respectively connected with the conveying pump (23) and a cooling liquid inlet end (11) of the high-frequency cavity (10), a heat exchanger (24) is arranged in the first section cooling loop (21), and two ends of the second section cooling loop (22) are respectively connected with a cooling liquid outlet end (12) of the high-frequency cavity (10) and the conveying pump (23);
A constant temperature heating device for heating and maintaining the standby temperature of the high frequency cavity (10) when the high frequency cavity (10) is in a stop state, wherein the constant temperature heating device comprises a bypass device (31) and a heater (32), the heater (32) is positioned outside the bypass device (31) and outside the first section cooling loop (21) and between a cooling liquid outlet end (12) of the high frequency cavity (10) and the delivery pump (23), and the bypass device (31) bypasses and connects the delivery pump (23) to a cooling liquid inlet end (11) of the high frequency cavity (10), so that the constant temperature heating device shares the delivery pump (23) of the cooling device and a cooling pipeline from the cooling liquid inlet end (11) to the cooling liquid outlet end (12) in the high frequency cavity (10);
wherein a first cooling control valve (25) is arranged in the second section cooling circuit (22) close to the delivery pump (23);
The bypass device (31) comprises a bypass circuit (33) and a combination of first thermal control valves (34) arranged in the bypass circuit (33); a second cooling control valve (26) is arranged in the first section cooling loop (21) close to the delivery pump (23);
The cooling device further comprises a water tank (27) arranged in the second-stage cooling circuit (22); the constant temperature heating device further comprises a heating loop (35) and an oil tank (37) arranged in the heating loop (35), wherein two ends of the heating loop (35) are respectively connected with a cooling liquid outlet end (12) of the high-frequency cavity (10) and the conveying pump (23);
a second thermal control valve (36) is arranged in the heating loop (35) close to the delivery pump (23); the high-frequency cavity constant temperature device further comprises an oil-water separator (40) which is connected between the cooling liquid outlet end (12) of the high-frequency cavity (10) and the second section cooling loop (22) and between the cooling liquid outlet end (12) of the high-frequency cavity (10) and the heating loop (35);
The high-frequency cavity constant temperature device further comprises an air source valve (50) connected between the conveying pump (23) and the first cooling control valve (25).
2. A proton/heavy ion accelerator comprising a high frequency chamber thermostat device as claimed in claim 1.
3. A high frequency cavity thermostat control method, implemented based on a high frequency cavity thermostat device as claimed in claim 1, comprising:
During the operation condition of the proton/heavy ion accelerator, the operation temperature of the high-frequency cavity (10) is maintained by cooling by a cooling device, a cooling path of the cooling device is from a delivery pump (23) to a cooling pipeline in the high-frequency cavity (10) through a first section cooling circuit (21) of the cooling device and then returns to a second section cooling circuit (22) of the cooling device, a heat exchanger (24) is arranged in the first section cooling circuit (21), and a cooling control valve is arranged in the second section cooling circuit (22) close to the delivery pump (23);
When the proton/heavy ion accelerator is in a standby condition, at least the high-frequency cavity (10) is in a stop state, the constant-temperature heating device is used for heating and maintaining the standby temperature of the high-frequency cavity (10), and a constant-temperature heating path of the constant-temperature heating device is from the conveying pump (23) to a cooling pipeline in the high-frequency cavity (10) through a bypass device (31) of the constant-temperature heating device and returns to a heater (32) of the constant-temperature heating device.
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| CN110740560A (en) | 2020-01-31 |
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