CN110739755A - super capacitor control module and control method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a control method for a supercapacitor control module machine, which comprises a MCU controller and a module composed of six supercapacitors. The MCU controller is connected to the positive and negative poles of a battery in an automobile circuit through P+ and P- lines. , the supercapacitor module composed of six supercapacitors is connected to the positive and negative poles of the lead-acid battery through the magnetic memory switch and the P+ and P- lines, the supercapacitor module is connected in parallel with the battery, and the MCU controller is connected to the charging switching relay. connection, the charging switching relay is connected with the emergency charging input port and the P+ and P- lines, the MCU controller is connected with the super capacitor through an upgraded step-down circuit, and the magnetic memory switch absorbs the parasitic output wire through the back electromotive force elimination circuit The reverse high voltage generated by the inductance of the super capacitor can not only enhance the starting performance of the car battery, but also assist or independently start the car when the car battery is depleted.

Description

A kind of super capacitor control module and control method

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of automobile super capacitors, in particular to a super capacitor control module and a control method for enhancing the starting performance of an automobile battery and capable of emergency starting the automobile

Background technique

In recent years, supercapacitors have been widely used in automobiles. They have ultra-low discharge internal resistance, a wide temperature operating range of -40°C to 65°C, and a 1 million charge-discharge cycle life.

The parallel application of supercapacitors and batteries can improve the starting performance of locomotives. Supercapacitors are very important in improving the starting performance (higher starting torque) of automobiles in cold weather. At -20°C, due to the greatly reduced performance of the battery, it may not be able to start normally or need to be started several times to succeed, while the supercapacitor can be connected in parallel with the battery at -40°C and only needs to be ignited once, and its low temperature advantage is very obvious.

There are relatively few supercapacitor products on the market that are used to improve the starting performance of locomotives, and most of them are DIY products. The current applications include the following two applications:

1) The module composed of super capacitor group or electrolytic capacitor is simply connected in parallel at both ends of the car battery to improve the starting performance of the car.

2) The super capacitor is used to form a module, which is used for emergency start in the event of a power shortage of the car battery through the control circuit.

The above two applications have their own advantages and disadvantages: the method of directly connecting to both ends of the car battery in parallel, without circuit control, can not realize the emergency start of the car in the state of power loss when the battery is depleted, and it still needs to connect externally to the battery or Other starting power sources can be used to assist starting; the emergency starting method can be used for emergency starting when the car battery is depleted. The long life of supercapacitors is also underutilized. In addition, the above operations all require users to have certain professional knowledge and hands-on ability, which is a relatively difficult problem for ordinary consumers to deal with, so it is particularly important to solve this type of problem.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention discloses a super capacitor control module and a control method, so that the super capacitor can not only enhance the starting performance of the car battery, but also assist or independently start the car when the car battery is depleted. .

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a super capacitor control module, which includes a module composed of an MCU controller and six super capacitors. The MCU controller is connected to the positive and negative of the battery in the automobile circuit through P+ and P- lines On the pole, the supercapacitor module composed of six supercapacitors is connected to the positive and negative poles of the lead battery through the magnetic memory switch and the P+ and P- lines. The supercapacitor module is connected in parallel with the battery, and the MCU controller is connected to the charging The switching relay is connected, the charging switching relay is connected with the emergency charging input port and the P+ and P- lines, the MCU controller is connected with the super capacitor through the upgraded step-down circuit, and the magnetic memory switch absorbs the output through the reverse electromotive force elimination circuit The reverse high voltage generated by the parasitic inductance of the wire.

A further improvement is that: the MCU controller is connected with a buzzer, a key circuit and a digital display circuit.

A further improvement is that: the MCU controller preferentially controls the magnetic memory switch to disconnect the supercapacitor module from the positive electrode of the battery through CON1 and CON2.

A further improvement is: the MCU controller detects the voltage at both ends of the battery through VOL1, detects the current ambient temperature through T1, and detects the voltage of the super capacitor through VOL3;

A further improvement is that: a temperature detection circuit is connected to the super capacitor and is connected to the MCU controller, and a charging current detection circuit is arranged between the charging switching relay and the upgrade step-down circuit.

Applied to the above-mentioned control method of a supercapacitor control module, the supercapacitor control module includes two working modes: an online operation mode and an offline mode. The worker switches the working mode through the button circuit, and the digital display circuit Displays the current working mode.

In the online operation mode, the magnetic memory switch is controlled and closed by the MCU controller. The supercapacitor module composed of six supercapacitors is connected to the positive and negative poles of the battery through the magnetic memory switch, P+ and P- lines, and the supercapacitor module is connected in parallel with the battery. In the process of starting the car, the car battery and the super capacitor are discharged together to complete the car start together;

During the emergency start process, the magnetic memory switch is controlled by the MCU controller to disconnect, and the charging switch relay is controlled by the MCU controller to connect to different charging inputs. The MCU controller drives the upgrade step-down circuit to charge the super capacitor. After the charging is completed, the MCU controls The device judges the ignition action of the car, controls the magnetic memory switch to close, the P+ and P- lines are connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the battery, and the super capacitor module is connected in parallel with the battery.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention adopts the integration of the above two modes, and no need to pay attention after installation, the controller automatically interprets the battery state to perform enhanced startup and emergency startup, without the need for the user to judge by himself, and without the need for the user to additionally equip emergency Start the power supply to protect. At the same time, it can enhance the starting performance of the car; prolong the service life of the battery; reduce the fuel consumption during the driving process and the fuel consumption in the idling state; improve the handling performance of the car, improve the performance of the car audio; emergency start when the car battery is depleted.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a circuit connection diagram of the present invention.

Among them: 1-MCU controller, 2-super capacitor, 3-automotive circuit, 4-battery, 5-magnetic memory switch, 6-charging switching relay, 7-emergency charging input port, 8-upgrading step-down circuit, 9- Back electromotive force elimination circuit, 10-buzzer, 11-button circuit, 12-digital display circuit, 13-temperature detection circuit, 14-charging current detection circuit, 15-voltage equalizing circuit.

Detailed ways

In order to deepen the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the embodiments. The embodiments are only used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1 , this embodiment provides a super capacitor control module, which includes a super capacitor module composed of an MCU controller 1 and six super capacitors 2 . The MCU controller 1 is shown through the P+ and P- lines. Connected to the positive and negative poles of the battery 4 in the automobile circuit 3, the supercapacitor module composed of six supercapacitors is connected to the positive and negative poles of the battery 4 through the magnetic memory switch 5 and the P+ and P- lines. The storage battery 4 is connected in parallel, the MCU controller 1 is connected with the charging switching relay 6, the charging switching relay 6 is connected with the emergency charging input port 7 and the P+ and P- lines, and the MCU controller 1 is connected by upgrading the step-down circuit. 8 is connected to the super capacitor 2, the magnetic memory switch 4 absorbs the reverse high voltage generated by the parasitic inductance of the output wire through the reverse electromotive force elimination circuit 9. The MCU controller 1 is connected with a buzzer 10 , a key circuit 11 and a digital display circuit 12 . The MCU controller 1 preferentially controls the magnetic memory switch 5 to disconnect the supercapacitor module from the positive electrode of the battery 4 through CON1 and CON2. The MCU controller 1 detects the voltage at both ends of the battery 4 through VOL1, detects the current ambient temperature through T1, and detects the voltage of the super capacitor 2 through VOL3. A temperature detection circuit 13 is connected to the supercapacitor 2 and is connected to the MCU controller 1, a charging current detection circuit 14 is provided between the charging switching relay 6 and the upgrade step-down circuit 8, and each supercapacitor is connected to a voltage circuit 15.

A control method for a supercapacitor control module. The supercapacitor control module includes two working modes: an online operation mode and an offline mode. The worker switches the working mode through a key circuit, and a digital display circuit displays the current work. model;

In the online operation mode, the magnetic memory switch is controlled and closed by the MCU controller. The supercapacitor module composed of six supercapacitors is connected to the positive and negative poles of the battery through the magnetic memory switch, P+ and P- lines, and the supercapacitor module is connected in parallel with the battery. In the process of starting the car, the car battery and the super capacitor are discharged together to complete the car start together;

During the emergency start process, the magnetic memory switch is controlled by the MCU controller to disconnect, and the charging switch relay is controlled by the MCU controller to connect to different charging inputs. The MCU controller drives the upgrade step-down circuit to charge the super capacitor. After the charging is completed, the MCU controls The device judges the ignition action of the car, controls the magnetic memory switch to close, the P+ and P- lines are connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the battery, and the super capacitor module is connected in parallel with the battery.

The online operation mode includes two functions of startup enhancement and emergency startup. The entire working process is automatically operated under the MCU controller without manual intervention. Its working process is as follows:

A. The MCU controller 1 preferentially controls the magnetic memory switch 5 through CON1 and CON2 to disconnect the supercapacitor module from the positive pole 4 of the car battery.

B. The MCU controller 1 detects the voltage at both ends of the car battery 4 through VOL1, detects the current ambient temperature through T1, and detects the voltage of the super capacitor 2 through VOL3.

Condition 1: T1 is greater than 0°C and less than 70°C, VOL1 meets the range of 11.5V-16V, judge the voltage difference between VOL3 and VOL1, the voltage of VOL3 is greater than (VOL1 minus 1V), delay 30 seconds, MCU controller 1 passes CON1 and CON2 Control the magnetic memory switch 5 to be turned on, and start the parallel mode in the online running process.

Condition 2: T1 is greater than 0℃ and less than 70℃, VOL1 meets the range of 11.5V-16V, judge the voltage difference between VOL3 and VOL1, the voltage of VOL3 is less than (VOL1 minus 1V), the delay is 30 seconds, the MCU controller is controlled by CON1 and CON2 The magnetic memory switch is turned off, and the supercapacitor charging mode during online operation starts. At this time, the MCU controller 1 controls the charging switching relay to connect to the battery through CON3, and the MCU controller 1 drives the buck-boost circuit through P1 and P2. The car battery is charged to the super capacitor, the MCU controller 1 detects the charging current through CUR1, VOL3 detects the voltage of the super capacitor, VOL4 detects the voltage equalization state of the super capacitor, T1 detects the working temperature of the super capacitor, and controls the charging current of P1 and P2. The charging current control of each cell of the super capacitor and the charging voltage limit of the super capacitor module. The charging voltage of the super capacitor module is limited to VOL1 detection voltage plus 0.5V. When the MCU controller detects that the super capacitor voltage is greater than VOL3 through VOL3 VOL1 voltage, stop the control of P1 and P2, stop charging, control the magnetic memory switch to turn on through CON1 and CON2, connect the super capacitor to the lead battery of the car, control the charging switch relay to disconnect the connection with the car battery through CON3, and start running Parallel mode during online operation.

Condition 3: T1 is greater than 0°C and less than 70°C, VOL1 meets the range of 6V-11.5V, the delay is 30 seconds, the MCU controller controls the magnetic memory switch to disconnect through CON1 and CON2, and starts to run the automatic emergency mode during online operation. First, charge the super capacitor. At this time, the MCU controller controls the charging switch relay to connect to the battery through CON3. The MCU controller drives the buck-boost circuit through P1 and P2 to charge the car battery to the super capacitor. The MCU controller uses CUR1. Detect charging current, VOL3 detects supercapacitor voltage, VOL4 detects supercapacitor voltage equalization state, T1 detects supercapacitor operating temperature, and performs charging current control for P1 and P2, and charging current control under each supercapacitor cell voltage equalization state , The charging voltage of the super capacitor module is limited. The charging voltage of the super capacitor module is limited to 15.5V. When the MCU controller detects that the super capacitor voltage is greater than 15.3 voltage through VOL3, it stops controlling P1 and P2, stops charging, and controls the charging switch through CON3. The relay is disconnected from the lead-acid battery of the car, and starts to run the emergency start mode during online operation; the MCU controller detects the movement of the car engine through VOL1, and the MCU controller enters a 2-minute countdown to detect the engine start movement and ensure the current temporary voltage value of VOL1 . When VOL1 has a Δv (pulse) greater than 20 milliseconds and lower than the temporary voltage value of VOL1 by more than 2.5V in the 2-minute time range, it is considered that the car is starting the engine.

The MCU controller preferentially controls the charging switching relay to connect with the lead battery of the car through CON3, delays 5 milliseconds, then controls the magnetic memory switch to connect through CON1 and CON2, connects the super capacitor and the lead battery of the car, and assists the car battery to complete the car. Engine starts. After the car starts, the voltage at both ends of the car battery will be higher than 13.5V within 1 minute. The MCU controller controls the charging switching relay to disconnect the connection with the car lead-acid battery through CON3. The car starts successfully. Control the magnetic memory switch to turn on, connect the super capacitor and the lead-acid battery of the car, delay 1 second, and then control the charging switch relay to disconnect the connection with the lead-acid battery of the car through CON3, and start the parallel mode during the online operation.

If the voltage at both ends of the car battery is lower than 13.5V within 1 minute, it means that the startup fails, and the MCU controller will repeat the detection process of condition 3.

Condition 4: T1 is less than 0°C and greater than -45°C, VOL1 meets the range of 12.1V-16V, judge the voltage difference between VOL3 and VOL1, the voltage of VOL3 is greater than (VOL1 minus 1V), delay 30 seconds, the MCU controller passes CON1 and CON2 Control the magnetic memory switch controller to turn on and start running online.

Claims (6)

1. a supercapacitor control module, it is characterized in that: comprise the supercapacitor module that MCU controller (1) and six supercapacitors (2) are formed, the MCU controller (1) shown is by P+ and P- The line is connected to the positive and negative poles of the battery (4) in the automobile circuit (3), and the supercapacitor module composed of six supercapacitors is connected to the positive and negative poles of the battery (4) through the magnetic memory switch (5) and the P+ and P- lines. pole, the super capacitor module is connected in parallel with the battery (4), the MCU controller (1) is connected with the charging switching relay (6), and the charging switching relay (6) is connected with the emergency charging input port (7) Connected with P+ and P- lines, the MCU controller (1) is connected to the super capacitor (2) through an upgraded step-down circuit (8), and the magnetic memory switch (4) is absorbed by the back electromotive force elimination circuit (9) The reverse high voltage generated by the parasitic inductance of the output wire. 2. A kind of super capacitor control module according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described MCU controller (1) is connected with buzzer (10), key circuit (11) and digital display circuit (12) ). 3. A kind of supercapacitor control module according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described MCU controller (1) preferentially controls magnetic memory switch (5) to disconnect supercapacitor module and accumulator (5) through CON1 and CON2. 4) The connection of the positive pole. 4. A kind of supercapacitor control module according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described MCU controller (1) detects the voltage of both ends of accumulator (4) by VOL1, detects current ambient temperature by T1, passes VOL3 detects the voltage of the supercapacitor (2). 5. A supercapacitor control module according to claim 1, characterized in that: a temperature detection circuit (13) is connected to the MCU controller (1) on the supercapacitor (2), and the charging switches A charging current detection circuit (14) is arranged between the relay (6) and the upgrade step-down circuit (8). 6. the control method applied to a kind of supercapacitor control module described in claim 2, it is characterized in that: this supercapacitor control module comprises two kinds of working modes: online operation mode and off-line mode, the worker through the key circuit Switch the working mode, and the digital display circuit will display the current working mode; In the online operation mode, the magnetic memory switch is controlled and closed by the MCU controller. The supercapacitor module composed of six supercapacitors is connected to the positive and negative poles of the battery through the magnetic memory switch, P+ and P- lines, and the supercapacitor module is connected in parallel with the battery. In the process of starting the car, the car battery and the super capacitor are discharged together to complete the car start together; During the emergency start process, the magnetic memory switch is controlled by the MCU controller to disconnect, and the charging switch relay is controlled by the MCU controller to connect to different charging inputs. The MCU controller drives the upgrade step-down circuit to charge the super capacitor. After the charging is completed, the MCU controls The device judges the ignition action of the car, controls the magnetic memory switch to close, the P+ and P- lines are connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the battery, and the super capacitor module is connected in parallel with the battery.