CN110736666B - Loading device and test method for bidirectional loading of indoor walk-slip fault - Google Patents
Loading device and test method for bidirectional loading of indoor walk-slip fault Download PDFInfo
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- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012791 sliding layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/0003—Steady
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/0012—Constant speed test
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0044—Pneumatic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0676—Force, weight, load, energy, speed or acceleration
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0682—Spatial dimension, e.g. length, area, angle
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于室内走滑断层的双向加载的加载装置及试验方法，承载框架，其左部和底部的内侧分别设有两个T形凹槽，承载框架的内部用于放置被测试样；滚动机构，安装在所述承载框架左部和底部的两个T形凹槽之间，用于使被测试样在走滑断层之间产生粘滑现象；加载机构，位于所述承载框架的顶部和右侧，用于对被测试样施加加载力，并采集被测试样的位移和压力信号。本发明结构设计合理，操作简单，通过用液压伺服试验机控制加载压头，可用于室内走滑断层构造蠕滑和粘滑条件下变形场研究，并减少了走滑断层构造试验系统的制造成本。同时，在试验的过程中，可以准确的测量被测试样的力与位移，可以给出力、位移和时间参数关系曲线。
The invention discloses a loading device and a test method for bidirectional loading of an indoor strike-slip fault. A bearing frame is provided with two T-shaped grooves on the inner side of the left part and the bottom, and the inside of the bearing frame is used for placing A test sample; a rolling mechanism, installed between the two T-shaped grooves on the left and bottom of the bearing frame, for causing the sample to be tested to produce a stick-slip phenomenon between strike-slip faults; a loading mechanism, located in the bearing frame The top and right sides of the frame are used to apply loading force to the test sample and collect the displacement and pressure signals of the test sample. The invention has reasonable structural design and simple operation. By controlling the loading pressure head with a hydraulic servo testing machine, the invention can be used for the study of the deformation field under the conditions of creep and stick-slip of the strike-slip fault structure, and the manufacturing cost of the strike-slip fault structure test system is reduced. . At the same time, during the test, the force and displacement of the tested sample can be accurately measured, and the relationship curve between the force, displacement and time parameters can be given.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of geomechanical model tests, and particularly relates to a loading device and a test method for bidirectional loading of an indoor walk-slip fault.
Background
The earthquake activities of China are mainly in the glide mode, and the study of the precursor phenomenon of the glide type earthquake is of great significance. Earthquake is a dynamic process, and is a process that faults are converted from strain accumulation to rapid release and instability occurs. By developing an indoor earthquake simulation test, deeply researching the fault sliding sub-instability behavior and main influencing factors, revealing the process of the short and temporary stage of fault sliding instability, predicting the possible earth phenomenon and being a basic scientific method for researching the glide type earthquake precursor phenomenon.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to develop an indoor earthquake simulation test and explain a mechanism of an earthquake precursor phenomenon, the invention aims to provide a bidirectional loading device and a test method suitable for deformation field research under creep and stick-slip conditions of an indoor slip fault structure.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the invention provides a loading device for bidirectional loading of an indoor walk-slip fault, which comprises:
the inner sides of the left part and the bottom of the bearing frame are respectively provided with two T-shaped grooves, and a sample to be tested is placed in the bearing frame;
the rolling mechanism is arranged between the two T-shaped grooves at the left part and the bottom of the bearing frame and is used for enabling the left part of the tested sample to slide downwards at a constant speed along the rolling mechanism, and the right side of the tested sample moves leftwards under the action of the rolling mechanism so as to enable the tested sample to generate stick-slip phenomenon between the slip fault layers;
and the loading mechanisms are positioned at the top and the right side of the bearing frame and are used for applying loading force to the sample to be tested and acquiring displacement and pressure signals of the sample to be tested.
Optionally, the loading mechanism includes a loading ram and a first cylinder located above the carrying frame, and a second cylinder located on the right side of the carrying frame:
the loading pressure head is driven by a hydraulic servo testing machine, and displacement and pressure signals of the loading pressure head are collected by the hydraulic servo testing machine;
the piston rods of the first cylinder and the second cylinder are provided with pressure sensors, and the pressure sensors are connected with a force value display controller;
the first air cylinder and the second air cylinder are controlled by an air pump.
Further, an air source processing device and a manual pneumatic control valve are connected between the air pump and the first air cylinder and between the air pump and the second air cylinder.
The loading pressure head is controlled by the hydraulic servo test machine, and can collect force signals and displacement signals in the test process and output force, displacement and time parameter relation curves.
Optionally, the air source processing device comprises a filter for filtering out water vapor, oil drops and solid impurities in the air pump, a stable pressure stabilizing valve for ensuring that the first air cylinder and the second air cylinder apply force on the tested sample, and an oil sprayer for lubricating moving parts of the first air cylinder and the second air cylinder.
Optionally, the rolling mechanism includes a U-shaped roller support, a roller and rolling bearings, the rolling bearings are placed inside the U-shaped roller support and supported at two ends of the roller, and the U-shaped roller support is fixed on a T-shaped groove at the inner side of the bearing frame through a bolt.
By the above, the rolling mechanism can be fixed at any position of the T-shaped groove by the bolt, so that the loading device can meet the test requirements when the tested samples are different in size or different in sliding fault position. The rolling mechanism is used as a roll shaft constraint of the sample to be measured, and can slide the sample in the rolling direction after a load is applied, so that a stick-slip phenomenon is generated along a slip layer.
Further, the first cylinder and the second cylinder are respectively fixed on the top and the right side of the bearing frame through a flange plate and a bolt.
Optionally, the bearing frame is formed by inserting four steel plates into a convex groove.
The invention also provides a test method of the loading device for the bidirectional loading of the indoor walk-sliding fault, which comprises the following steps:
s10: placing the loading device on a bearing plate of the hydraulic servo testing machine to enable the axis of a loading pressure head to be consistent with the axis of an upper pressure plate of the hydraulic servo testing machine;
s20: the air pump, the air source processing device and the manual pneumatic control valve are connected by a PU air pipe, an air pipe joint and an air cylinder throttle valve; connecting terminals of a pressure sensor and a force value display controller by wires, connecting the force value display controller and a computer by a data wire, and debugging pressure acquisition software;
s30: placing a tested sample in the loading device, and then enabling an upper pressure plate of the hydraulic servo testing machine to be close to the loading pressure head of the loading device but not to be in contact with the loading pressure head; the air pump is connected with a power supply, and the air cylinder applies a certain load to the sample to be tested by adjusting the precise pressure stabilizing valve;
s40: operating a hydraulic servo testing machine, loading a loading pressure head at a specified speed, moving the left part of a tested sample downwards at a constant speed, generating stick-slip phenomenon on a slip fault layer, and simultaneously starting to acquire a force signal and a displacement signal of the hydraulic servo testing machine and a pressure sensor;
s50: and finishing the test, and outputting force, displacement and time data information.
Therefore, the invention has reasonable structural design and simple operation, can be used for the deformation field research under the creep and stick-slip conditions of the indoor slip fault structure by controlling the loading pressure head by using the hydraulic servo tester, and reduces the manufacturing cost of the slip fault structure test system. Meanwhile, in the test process, the force and the displacement of the tested sample can be accurately measured, and a relation curve of the force, the displacement and the time parameter can be given.
The bidirectional loading device provided by the invention fully utilizes the characteristics of the air cylinder, the rolling bearing and the like, realizes partial fixation of the tested sample, controls the loading pressure head by utilizing the hydraulic servo tester, ensures that the left part of the tested sample moves downwards at a constant speed, and ensures that the stick-slip phenomenon is generated between slip fault layers. The bidirectional loading device has complete functions, simple operation and control and low manufacturing cost, and can be widely popularized in the research field of deformation fields under the creep and stick-slip conditions of indoor slip fault structures.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to make the technical means of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention may be implemented in accordance with the content of the description, and in order to make the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the following detailed description is given in conjunction with the preferred embodiments, together with the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings of the embodiments will be briefly described below.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a loading device for bidirectional loading of an indoor strike-slip layer according to a preferred embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a right side view of the loading apparatus of the present invention for bi-directional loading of an indoor strike-slip layer;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a top view of the loading apparatus of the present invention for bi-directional loading of an indoor strike-slip layer;
fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken at B-B in fig. 1.
In the figure, 1, a carrying frame; 2. a bolt; 3. a T-shaped groove; 4. a loading mechanism; 5. loading a pressure head; 6. a cylinder; 7. an air source processing device; 8. a manual pneumatic control valve; 9. an air pump; 10. a pressure sensor; 11. a force value display control instrument; 12. a flange plate; 13. a bolt; 14. a bolt; 15. a rolling mechanism; 16. a U-shaped roller support; 17. a drum; 18. a rolling bearing; 19. a bolt; 20. a computer; 21. a gas source filter; 22. a precision pressure maintaining valve; 23. an oil atomizer.
Detailed Description
Other aspects, features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification, and which illustrate, by way of example, the principles of the invention. In the referenced drawings, the same or similar components in different drawings are denoted by the same reference numerals.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the loading device for bidirectional loading of an indoor strike-slip layer according to the present invention includes:
the bearing frame 1 is formed by inserting four steel plates into convex grooves, is connected and fixed through bolts 2 to form a cubic frame structure, and is provided with two T-shaped grooves 3 on the inner sides of the left part and the bottom part respectively;
the loading mechanism 4 mainly comprises a loading pressure head 5, an air cylinder 6, an air source processing device 7, a manual pneumatic control valve 8, an air pump 9, a pressure sensor 10 and a force value display controller 11, wherein the air cylinder 6 positioned on the right side of the bearing frame 1 is fixed on a flange plate 12 through a bolt 14, the air cylinder 6 positioned above the bearing frame 1 is fixed on the top of the bearing frame 1 through a bolt 13, and the pressure sensor 10 is fixed on a piston rod of the air cylinder 6;
the rolling mechanism 15 is composed of a U-shaped roller support 16, a roller 17 and a rolling bearing 18, the rolling bearing 18 is placed inside the U-shaped roller support 16, two ends of the roller 17 are supported by the rolling bearing 18, and the U-shaped roller support 16 is fixed on the T-shaped groove 3 on the inner side of the bearing frame 1 through a bolt 19.
In use, the loading device is placed on a bearing plate of a hydraulic servo testing machine, and a sample to be tested is placed inside the bearing frame 1. According to the size of a tested sample and the angle of a sliding layer, a rolling mechanism 15 is fixed at a proper position of a T-shaped groove 3, a loading force is applied to the tested sample through an air cylinder 6, the left side part of the tested sample slides downwards at a constant speed along the rolling mechanism 15 by controlling a hydraulic servo testing machine, the right side of the tested sample moves leftwards under the action of the rolling mechanism 15 at the bottom, and a stick-slip phenomenon is generated between the sliding layers.
In the test process, the displacement and pressure signals of the loading pressure head 5 are collected by a hydraulic servo test machine, and the pressure signals of the air cylinder 6 are controlled by a pressure sensor 10 through a force value display controller 11 and displayed in matched software in a computer 20. After the test is finished, the relevant parameter curve can be derived.
The invention also discloses a test method of the bidirectional loading device for deformation field research under creep and stick-slip conditions of the indoor slip fault structure, which comprises the following steps:
Step 2, connecting the air pump 9, the air source processing device 7 and the manual pneumatic control valve 8 by a PU air pipe, an air pipe joint and an air cylinder throttle valve; the pressure sensor 10 is connected with the terminal of the force value display controller 11 through a wire, the force value display controller 11 is connected with the computer 20 through a data line, and pressure acquisition software is debugged.
Step 4, operating the hydraulic servo testing machine, loading the loading pressure head 5 at a specified speed to enable the tested sample to generate a stick-slip phenomenon, and simultaneously starting to acquire force signals and displacement signals of the hydraulic servo testing machine and the pressure sensor 10;
and 5, finishing the test, and outputting force, displacement and time data information.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, other and further embodiments of the invention may be devised without departing from the basic scope thereof, and the scope thereof is determined by the claims that follow.
Claims (8)
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| CN201911037799.0A CN110736666B (en) | 2019-10-29 | 2019-10-29 | Loading device and test method for bidirectional loading of indoor walk-slip fault |
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| CN201911037799.0A CN110736666B (en) | 2019-10-29 | 2019-10-29 | Loading device and test method for bidirectional loading of indoor walk-slip fault |
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| CN111852474A (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2020-10-30 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | A kind of coal seam water injection model test device and test method |
| CN116086979B (en) * | 2023-03-07 | 2024-07-05 | 西南交通大学 | Sliding plate type fault multi-angle stick-slip simulation device and test method |
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