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CN110718207A - Sound synthesis precision verification method for active sound production system and active sound production system - Google Patents

Sound synthesis precision verification method for active sound production system and active sound production system Download PDF

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CN110718207A
CN110718207A CN201910843839.4A CN201910843839A CN110718207A CN 110718207 A CN110718207 A CN 110718207A CN 201910843839 A CN201910843839 A CN 201910843839A CN 110718207 A CN110718207 A CN 110718207A
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CN110718207B (en
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曹蕴涛
刘英杰
汤乐超
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FAW Group Corp
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G10MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10KSOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K15/00Acoustics not otherwise provided for
    • G10K15/02Synthesis of acoustic waves
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60QARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G10MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10KSOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K15/00Acoustics not otherwise provided for
    • G10K15/04Sound-producing devices
    • GPHYSICS
    • G10MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10LSPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
    • G10L25/00Speech or voice analysis techniques not restricted to a single one of groups G10L15/00 - G10L21/00
    • G10L25/48Speech or voice analysis techniques not restricted to a single one of groups G10L15/00 - G10L21/00 specially adapted for particular use
    • G10L25/51Speech or voice analysis techniques not restricted to a single one of groups G10L15/00 - G10L21/00 specially adapted for particular use for comparison or discrimination

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Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of active sounding systems of electric automobiles, in particular to a sound synthesis precision verification method of an active sounding system and the active sounding system. The verification method for the sound synthesis precision of the active sound production system comprises the following steps: determining a final sound scheme to be loaded into an active sound system of the electric automobile to obtain a sound target of the active sound system; simulating an acceleration running working condition under the condition of 100% of accelerator pedal opening under the condition of a high-fidelity sound field reduction system, and carrying out sound synthesis precision verification under the condition of the high-fidelity sound field reduction system; and under the static condition of the real vehicle, simulating the acceleration running working condition under the opening degree of an accelerator pedal of 100 percent, and verifying the sound synthesis precision under the static condition of the real vehicle. The active sounding system comprises the method for verifying the sound synthesis precision of the active sounding system. The influence of the system circuit and the real vehicle sound system frequency response on the sound synthesis precision can be decomposed, and the influence of the control system and the real vehicle sound system on the sound synthesis precision of the active sound production system can be determined.

Description

Sound synthesis precision verification method for active sound production system and active sound production system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of active sounding systems of electric automobiles, in particular to a sound synthesis precision verification method of an active sounding system of an electric automobile and the active sounding system.
Background
The electric automobile cancels a power assembly system of a traditional automobile such as an engine, an air intake and exhaust system and the like, and is additionally provided with a driving motor, a power battery and the like, the sound in the electric automobile mainly comprises motor noise, road noise and wind noise, wherein the motor noise frequency characteristic is represented by a high frequency characteristic, and the road noise and the wind noise are represented by a broadband random noise characteristic. The electric automobile has no engine noise, although the amplitude of the noise in the automobile can be effectively reduced, due to the fact that the masking effect of the engine noise is avoided, the dynamic change of the sound in the automobile is represented by the motor order sound which changes along with the change of the automobile speed, and the motor order sound is mainly composed of a plurality of single pure sound components with high-frequency characteristics. Although the energy of the motor order components is not large, due to the characteristics of high frequency and single frequency pure tone, the amplitude is too large, and the motor order components can be annoying and uncomfortable in hearing.
Therefore, the motor order sound has a significant impact on the sound quality in an electric vehicle, and NVH engineers are working to control or even eliminate this sound. Under the development trend, the sounds in electric automobiles of different brands tend to be homogenized without sound quality characteristic identification, meanwhile, road noise and wind noise which change along with the dynamic running of the automobile are not enough to provide effective feedback information for a driver, and the lack of the feedback information in the sense of hearing can lead the driver to not fully control the running state of the automobile and possibly generate certain deviation for judging the running state of the automobile, so that an active sound production system is required to simulate the sounds in the internal combustion engine automobile, and the driver has good sound feedback.
However, in the process of developing and designing the active sounding system, the influence factors of the sound synthesis precision are more, and in order to realize the accurate control of the sound synthesis, the influence of each key link on the sound synthesis precision of the active sounding system needs to be determined
Therefore, a method for verifying sound synthesis accuracy of an active sound system and an active sound system are needed to solve the above technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a sound synthesis precision verification method and an active sound production system, which can effectively decompose the influence of the self circuit of the system and the frequency response of a real vehicle sound system on the sound synthesis precision, thereby defining the influence mechanism of the frequency response of the system and the real vehicle sound system on the sound frequency characteristic and the order characteristic of the active sound production system, indicating the direction for optimizing the sound synthesis precision of a subsequent active sound production system and improving the working efficiency in the development process of the active sound production system.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
on one hand, the method for verifying the sound synthesis precision of the active sound production system comprises the following steps:
determining a final sound scheme to be loaded into an active sound system of the electric automobile to obtain a sound target of the active sound system;
simulating an acceleration running working condition under the condition of 100% of accelerator pedal opening under the condition of a high-fidelity sound field reduction system, and carrying out sound synthesis precision verification under the condition of the high-fidelity sound field reduction system;
and under the static condition of the real vehicle, simulating the acceleration running working condition under the opening degree of an accelerator pedal of 100 percent, and verifying the sound synthesis precision under the static condition of the real vehicle.
As an optimal scheme of the method for verifying the sound synthesis precision of the active sound production system, sound design in an accelerated driving vehicle of the electric vehicle is carried out, and a time domain signal, a frequency spectrogram and a sound amplitude change curve of a final sound scheme which needs to be loaded into the active sound production system are determined.
As an optimal scheme of the method for verifying the sound synthesis precision of the active sound production system, discrete short-time Fourier transform analysis is carried out on the order sound signals in the accelerated driving vehicle corresponding to the final sound scheme, and the sound amplitude characteristic parameters and the phase characteristic parameters are extracted within the frequency range of 20-1200 Hz.
The method is used as an optimal scheme of an active sound production system sound synthesis precision verification method, discrete short-time Fourier transform synthesis is carried out according to amplitude characteristic parameters and phase characteristic parameters of extracted order component sounds, synthetic sounds of a final sound scheme are fitted, differences between the synthetic sounds and the final scheme sounds are evaluated from the perspective of objective spectrum analysis and subjective audition, and parameter adjustment of appropriate discrete short-time Fourier transform analysis is carried out according to difference conditions, so that the fitted synthetic sounds achieve the sound effect of the final scheme.
As a preferred scheme of the verification method for the sound synthesis precision of the active sound production system, in the aspect of vehicle speed, the virtual engine rotating speed is defined, the vehicle speed interval of active sound production in the electric vehicle is defined within the range of 0-120km/h, and a calculation formula of the virtual engine rotating speed and the vehicle speed of the active sound production system can be obtained according to the rule that the engine rotating speed of an internal combustion engine vehicle linearly changes along with the vehicle speed in a certain fixed gear:
nv=A×V+nI
in the formula, nVSimulating the engine speed for an active sound production system of the electric automobile; a is a virtual engine speed variation per vehicle speed, wherein:
Figure BDA0002194549860000031
[(r/min)/(km/h)]wherein n isRFor a virtual engine rated speed, nIIs a virtual engine idle speed; v is the vehicle speed;
and importing a calculation formula of the virtual engine speed and the vehicle speed of the active sound production system into the active sound production system, so that the active sound production system can calculate the virtual engine speed according to the vehicle speed.
As an optimal scheme of the method for verifying the sound synthesis precision of the active sound production system, in the aspect of the opening degree of an accelerator pedal, a first curve of the sound amplitude gain of the active sound production system of the electric automobile, which changes along with the opening degree of the accelerator pedal, is obtained, and parameters of the first curve are led into the active sound production system, so that the active system can control the sound amplitude gain of the active sound production system according to the change of the opening degree of the accelerator pedal.
As an optimal scheme of the sound synthesis precision verification method of the active sound production system, a high-fidelity sound field reduction system is constructed through a plurality of high-fidelity loudspeakers to reduce the sound field environment in the electric automobile, and the amplitude, delay and other interrelations among the loudspeakers are adjusted to ensure that high-amplitude, straight and consistent frequency response can be obtained in the frequency range of sound produced by the active sound production system at a target receiving point;
and connecting the active sounding control system with the high-fidelity sound field reduction system, controlling the active sounding system to send a white noise signal through the high-fidelity sound field reduction system under the environment of a whole vehicle semi-anechoic chamber, and testing sound response at a target receiving point so as to verify the actual frequency response condition of the high-fidelity sound field reduction system at the position of the target receiving point.
As a preferred scheme of the verification method for the sound synthesis precision of the active sound production system, the active sound production control system is connected to the whole vehicle, so that the system can normally read information such as vehicle speed, motor rotating speed, accelerator pedal opening position and the like in the working process; on the basis of a loudspeaker of an original vehicle sound system of the electric vehicle, an active sound system of the electric vehicle is set up, and sound generated by the active sound system is played through the sound system;
under the environment of a semi-anechoic chamber of the whole vehicle, an active sounding system is controlled to send out a white noise signal through a sound system of the real vehicle, and sound response is tested at a target receiving point so as to verify the actual frequency response condition of the position of the target receiving point under the static condition of the real vehicle.
In another aspect, an active sound production system is provided, which includes the sound synthesis accuracy verification method of the active sound production system.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method is characterized in that the verification of the sound synthesis precision of the active sound production system is carried out under the conditions of a high-fidelity sound field restoration system and a real vehicle sound system static condition respectively, and the influence of the self circuit of the system and the frequency response of the real vehicle sound system on the sound synthesis precision can be effectively decomposed, so that the influence mechanism of the frequency response of the system and the real vehicle sound system on the sound frequency characteristic and the order characteristic of the active sound production system is definitely controlled, the direction is pointed for the optimization of the sound synthesis precision of the subsequent active sound production system, and the working efficiency in the development process of the active sound production system is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a final scheme time domain signal of an accelerated driving sound of an active sound system provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a frequency spectrum diagram of a final scheme of an accelerated driving sound of the active sound production system provided by the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of a virtual engine speed versus vehicle speed provided by the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a first curve of the sound amplitude gain of the active sound generation system according to the present invention as a function of the opening degree of the accelerator pedal;
FIG. 5 is an FFT spectrogram of an original white noise signal provided by the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a white noise signal FFT spectrogram for the target receiving point position test of the high fidelity sound field restoration system provided by the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a sound test result of an active sound system for simulating acceleration driving under the condition of 100% of opening of an accelerator pedal under the condition of a high-fidelity sound field restoration system provided by the invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of FFT spectrum comparison results of sounds of an active sound generating system for simulating accelerated driving under the condition of 100% of opening of an accelerator pedal under the condition of a high-fidelity sound field reduction system provided by the invention and sounds in a design state;
FIG. 9 is a frequency response FFT spectrogram for a sound system for testing the position of the right ear of a driver in a vehicle according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of comparison of sound amplitude variation curves of an active sound generating system for simulating acceleration driving under 100% of opening of an accelerator pedal under a static condition of an actual vehicle sound system provided by the invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing the FFT spectrum comparison result between the sound of the active sounding system for simulating acceleration running under 100% of the opening degree of the accelerator pedal under the static condition of the real vehicle acoustic system provided by the invention and the sound in the design state.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or orientations or positional relationships that are conventionally placed when the products of the present invention are used, and are used only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements to be referred to must have specific orientations, be constructed in specific orientations, and operate, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, e.g., as being either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; either mechanically or electrically. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
Example one
The embodiment discloses a method for verifying sound synthesis precision of an active sound production system, which comprises the following steps:
determining a final sound scheme to be loaded into an active sound system of the electric automobile to obtain a sound target of the active sound system;
simulating an acceleration running working condition under the condition of 100% of accelerator pedal opening under the condition of a high-fidelity sound field reduction system, and carrying out sound synthesis precision verification under the condition of the high-fidelity sound field reduction system;
and under the static condition of the real vehicle, simulating the acceleration running working condition under the opening degree of an accelerator pedal of 100 percent, and verifying the sound synthesis precision under the static condition of the real vehicle.
The method is characterized in that the verification of the sound synthesis precision of the active sound production system is carried out under the conditions of a high-fidelity sound field restoration system and a real vehicle sound system static condition respectively, and the influence of the self circuit of the system and the frequency response of the real vehicle sound system on the sound synthesis precision can be effectively decomposed, so that the influence mechanism of the frequency response of the system and the real vehicle sound system on the sound frequency characteristic and the order characteristic of the active sound production system is definitely controlled, the direction is pointed for the optimization of the sound synthesis precision of the subsequent active sound production system, and the working efficiency in the development process of the active sound production system is improved.
Example two
The design of the active sound production system of the electric automobile is very systematic and complex, and relates to a plurality of influence factors, including sound scheme design and synthesis, selection and control of key parameters, development of software and hardware systems, frequency response of a vehicle-mounted sound system and the like, wherein each link can have important influence on the final sound effect of the active sound production system. Therefore, how to verify the sound synthesis precision of the active sound system of the electric automobile and how to effectively decompose the influence of each key link on the sound synthesis precision becomes a very important core technology of the active sound system, and the actual sound effect of the active sound system felt by a driver in the real automobile driving process is directly influenced.
The embodiment discloses a sound amplitude control precision verification method, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, developing an active sounding system of the electric automobile and testing the performance of the active sounding system.
In the aspect of hardware, design of a hardware control module and a main control circuit of an active sound production system of the electric automobile is carried out, and the main module comprises: the device comprises an MCU calculation module, a sound file storage module, a CAN communication module, a D/A digital-to-analog conversion module, an audio output and power amplification regulation module, a power supply module and the like. On the basis, appropriate hardware chips are selected for each module, wherein the hardware chips comprise an MCU chip, an RAM memory chip, an FLASH memory chip, an audio D/A conversion chip, a CAN assembly transceiving chip, a power supply chip and a power amplification module, and hardware circuit design is carried out, wherein the hardware circuit design comprises a functional circuit, a current detection circuit, a high-low voltage detection circuit, an audio output circuit and the like of each chip. And then, performing main chip power supply voltage test, CAN signal test and audio signal test, and confirming that the test result of each test item meets the design requirement.
In the aspect of software, the control software of the active sounding system of the electric automobile is compiled, and a software program is subjected to modular design and mainly comprises the following modules: the device comprises a chip initialization module, a CAN signal data acquisition and processing module, a FLASH sound data reading and preprocessing module, a sound real-time calculation and output module and the like.
And secondly, extracting and importing the sound frequency characteristic parameters of the active sounding system of the electric automobile.
Extracting and importing sound frequency characteristic parameters of an active sound production system of the electric automobile, designing sounds in an accelerated running automobile of the electric automobile, and determining time domain signals, frequency spectrograms and sound amplitude change curves of final sound schemes needing to be loaded into the active sound production system. In the embodiment, the time domain signal and the spectrogram of the final scheme of the accelerating running sound design of the active sounding system are shown in fig. 1 and 2.
And (3) extracting integral-order and half-order component sounds (the minimum order interval is 0.5 order) of the main engine within the frequency range of 20-1200Hz according to the final scheme spectrogram of the accelerated running sound of the active sound system to obtain the frequency spectrum cloud chart of the engine-order sound in the vehicle under the accelerated running condition. And then, obtaining the sound signal of the order component sound of the engine in the accelerated running vehicle under the accelerated running condition through short-time discrete Fourier transform synthesis.
And (3) carrying out discrete short-time Fourier transform analysis based on a certain window function (such as a Kaiser window, a Hanning window, a Hamming window and the like) aiming at the order sound signals in the accelerated running vehicle corresponding to the final sound scheme, and extracting sound amplitude characteristic parameters and phase characteristic parameters of each order sound component (with 0.5 order as the minimum order interval) corresponding to a series of short time periods with certain time resolution within the frequency range of 20-1200 Hz.
And performing discrete short-time Fourier transform synthesis according to the extracted amplitude characteristic parameters and phase characteristic parameters of the order component sound, fitting a synthetic sound of a final sound scheme, evaluating the difference between the synthetic sound and the final scheme sound from the angle of objective spectrum analysis and subjective audition, and performing appropriate parameter adjustment of discrete short-time Fourier transform analysis according to the difference condition so that the fitted synthetic sound achieves the sound effect of the final scheme.
And importing the extracted amplitude characteristic parameters and phase characteristic parameters of each order component sound after adjustment and optimization into an active sound production system FLASH sound data reading and preprocessing module to prepare for the subsequent in-vehicle sound fitting of the active sound production system during acceleration running.
And thirdly, extracting and importing the sound control characteristic parameters of the active sound production system of the electric automobile.
The speed and the opening degree of an accelerator pedal are used as sound control parameters of the active sound production system. In terms of vehicle speed, defining virtual engine rotating speed, defining a vehicle speed interval of active sound production in the electric vehicle within the range of 0-120km/h, wherein the vehicle speed is 0km/h corresponding to the virtual engine rotating speed of an active sound production system of 750r/min, the virtual engine rotating speed of 120km/h corresponding to 6000r/min, and obtaining a calculation formula of the virtual engine rotating speed of the active sound production system and the vehicle speed according to the rule that the engine rotating speed of an internal combustion engine vehicle in a certain fixed gear linearly changes along with the vehicle speed:
nV=A×V+nI……(1)
in the formula, nVSimulating the engine speed for an active sound production system of the electric automobile; a is a virtual engine speed variation per vehicle speed, wherein:
Figure BDA0002194549860000101
[(r/min)/(km/h)]wherein n isRFor a virtual engine rated speed, nIIs a virtual engine idle speed; v is the vehicle speed. And (3) obtaining a change curve of the relation between the virtual engine speed and the vehicle speed according to the formula (1), as shown in figure 3. And importing a calculation formula of the virtual engine speed and the vehicle speed of the active sound production system into the active sound production system, so that the active sound production system can calculate the virtual engine speed according to the vehicle speed.
In the aspect of the opening degree of an accelerator pedal, a first curve of the sound amplitude gain of an active sound production system of the electric automobile, which changes along with the opening degree of the accelerator pedal, is obtained, and parameters of the first curve are led into the active sound production system, so that the active system can control the sound amplitude gain of the active sound production system according to the change of the opening degree of the accelerator pedal. The sound amplitude gain of the active sound production system of the electric automobile and the opening degree of an accelerator pedal are in a linear change relationship.
S1, aiming at the internal combustion engine automobile, acquiring a first change curve of the order sound amplitude of the internal engine along with the change of the opening degree of an accelerator pedal and a second change curve of the output power of the internal engine along with the change of the opening degree of the accelerator pedal under different engine speeds;
s2, defining the output power load ratio of the engine as the ratio of the output power of the engine under a certain accelerator pedal opening to the output power of the engine under 100% accelerator pedal opening at a certain engine speed, calculating a third change curve of the amplitude trend of the order sound of the engine in the vehicle along with the change of the output power load ratio of the engine under different engine speeds, and obtaining that the amplitude of the order sound of the engine in the vehicle and the output power load ratio of the engine are in a linear relation;
s3, acquiring a fourth change curve of the output power of the motor along with the change of the opening degree of the accelerator pedal under different motor rotating speeds aiming at the electric automobile, acquiring a linear change distribution diagram of the output power of the motor along with the change of the opening degree of the accelerator pedal, and knowing that the output power of the motor and the opening degree of the accelerator pedal are in a linear relation under the non-emergency acceleration state;
s4, the linear relation between the engine output power and the engine output power load ratio of the internal combustion engine automobile is obtained from the step S2, the linear relation between the motor output power and the accelerator pedal opening degree of the electric automobile is obtained from the step S3, therefore, the accelerator pedal opening degree of the electric automobile can be equivalent to the engine output power load ratio of the internal combustion engine automobile, and the linear relation between the amplitude of the sound of the engine order in the automobile and the engine output power load ratio is obtained from the step S3, therefore, the gain of the sound amplitude of the active sound production system of the electric automobile and the opening degree of the accelerator pedal are in linear change relation.
In this embodiment, a target control curve of the sound amplitude gain of the active sound generation system with the opening degree of the accelerator pedal is shown in fig. 4, where a sound amplitude gain coefficient α is 8.5[ db (a)/100% ], when the opening degree of the accelerator pedal is 0%, the sound amplitude gain is-8.5 db (a), when the opening degree of the accelerator pedal is 100%, the sound amplitude gain is 0db (a), that is, when the vehicle is accelerated by 100% of the opening degree of the accelerator pedal, the sound amplitude of the active sound generation system maintains the sound amplitude of the system under the current operating condition, and when the vehicle is accelerated by less than 100% of the opening degree of the accelerator pedal, the sound amplitude of the active sound generation system performs corresponding sound amplitude correction according to the corresponding opening degree of the accelerator pedal and the corresponding amplitude gain control curve.
And fourthly, building an electric automobile active sound production system under the condition of the high-fidelity sound field restoration system.
A high-fidelity sound field reduction system is constructed through a plurality of high-fidelity loudspeakers to reduce the sound field environment in the electric automobile, and the amplitude, delay and other interrelations among the loudspeakers are adjusted to ensure that high-amplitude, straight and consistent frequency response can be obtained in the frequency range of sound generated by the active sound production system at a preset target receiving point, wherein the preset target receiving point represents the positions near the two ears of the head of the driver of the electric automobile. The active sounding control system is properly connected with the high-fidelity sound field reduction system, the active sounding system is controlled to send white noise signals through the high-fidelity sound field reduction system under the environment of a whole vehicle semi-anechoic room, sound response is tested at a target receiving point, the actual frequency response condition of the high-fidelity sound field reduction system at the position of the target receiving point is verified, the original white noise signal frequency spectrum is shown in fig. 5, and the sound frequency spectrum obtained by testing the position of the target receiving point is shown in fig. 6.
And fifthly, verifying the sound synthesis precision of the active sound production system of the electric automobile under the condition of the high-fidelity sound field restoration system.
And under the condition of the high-fidelity sound field restoration system, simulating an acceleration running working condition under the condition of 100% of opening of an accelerator pedal, and carrying out sound synthesis precision verification under the condition of the high-fidelity sound field restoration system. If the error exists, the error is corrected, so that the sound synthesis precision is basically consistent with the target set value under the condition of the high-fidelity sound field restoration system, and the sound target of the active sound production system basically reaches the set value.
More specifically, the active sound system main parameters are set as follows:
① simulating an acceleration working condition by the virtual engine speed, and accelerating the running from 1000r/min to 6000 r/min;
② virtual accelerator pedal opening is set to 100%;
the ③ accelerator pedal opening gain curve is set to the curve of fig. 1, i.e., sound amplitude gain at 20% opening is (-8.5) × 80% (-6.8) db (a), and sound amplitude gain at 100% opening is 0db (a).
④, adjusting the power amplifier size of the high fidelity sound field restoration system, so that the sound amplitude under 100% opening degree is consistent with the total sound value of the final scheme in fig. 1.
Under the condition of a high-fidelity sound field reduction system, simulating an acceleration driving working condition of 100% of opening degree of an accelerator pedal, testing the position of a target receiving point to obtain a sound signal of an active sound production system, and comparing the sound signal with the design state of a final sound scheme in the second step from the aspects of a sound total value curve, an FFT spectrogram, subjective evaluation and the like:
under the condition of a high-fidelity sound field reduction system, simulating an acceleration running working condition under the opening degree of an accelerator pedal of 100%, testing the position of a target receiving point to obtain a sound signal of an active sound production system under the acceleration running working condition under the opening degree of the accelerator pedal of 100%, and comparing the sound signal with the design state of a final sound scheme in the second step from the aspects of a sound total value curve, an FFT spectrogram, subjective evaluation and the like:
① in terms of the total sound value curve, the total sound value curves of the two states are basically consistent in most of the rotation speed interval, the rotation speed interval is slightly different at 4500-5300r/min, and the sound amplitude has an error of 1.4dB (A) in the vicinity of 4900r/min with the design state, as shown in FIG. 7.
② in terms of FFT spectrogram, the sound synthesized by the active sound production system can be enhanced in three dimensions of engine order composition, frequency domain energy distribution and typical vehicle speed range sound amplitude, and the sound spectrum characteristics of the design state sound can be truly restored, as shown in FIG. 8.
③ in terms of subjective evaluation, the subjective evaluation has better consistency in listening to the engine sound under two states.
Therefore, the engine sound fitting accuracy of the active sound production control system is high, namely the fitting accuracy of the engine order frequency can meet the system design requirement.
And sixthly, building an electric automobile active sound system and testing frequency response under the actual automobile static condition.
A CAN communication module of an active sounding control system is connected with a CAN BUS of the whole vehicle, so that the system CAN normally read information such as vehicle speed, motor rotating speed, opening position of an accelerator pedal and the like in the working process; adopt certain technical measure to make the sound signal that initiative sound production module produced can normally play through this car sound system, main technical measure has: developing an independent active sounding system controller, and accessing the controller into a sound system power amplifier through an A2B bus; the active sounding control algorithm is implanted into a host of the entertainment system, the hardware resources of the host system are used for carrying out sound operation and synthesis, and a sound signal is output to a power amplifier of a sound system through an A2B bus; the active sounding control module is integrated in a sound power amplifier, and the sound is directly played through a sound system. In this embodiment, on the basis of the former car sound system speaker of electric automobile, set up electric automobile initiative sound system, the sound that will take the initiative sound system to produce passes through the sound system broadcast.
Under the environment of a semi-anechoic chamber of the whole vehicle, an active sounding system is controlled to send out a white noise signal through a sound system of the real vehicle, and sound response is tested at a target receiving point so as to verify the actual frequency response condition of the position of the target receiving point under the static condition of the real vehicle. The target receiving point is specifically near the right ear position of the driver, the original white noise signal spectrum is shown in fig. 5, the sound spectrum obtained by testing near the right ear position of the driver is shown in fig. 9, relatively obvious sound transmission loss exists near 300Hz and in the range of 480-.
And seventhly, verifying the control precision of the sound amplitude of the active sound production system of the electric automobile under the static condition of the real automobile sound system.
And on the basis of the parameters of the active sound production system set in the fifth step, carrying out accelerated running operation under the condition of 100 percent of opening degree of an accelerator pedal of the sound system of the real vehicle under the static condition, testing a sound signal of the position of the right ear of the driver, verifying the sound amplitude control precision of the active sound production system under the static condition of the real vehicle, and keeping the main parameters of the active sound production system consistent with the parameters in the fifth step.
And discretizing the sound frequency characteristic parameters obtained in the second step and the sound control parameters obtained in the third step, and importing the parameters into an active sound production system. And under the static condition of the real vehicle, simulating the acceleration running working condition under the opening degree of an accelerator pedal of 100 percent, and verifying the sound synthesis precision under the static condition of the real vehicle. Specifically, the active sounding system is controlled to simulate the acceleration running condition under the condition of 100% of accelerator pedal opening, sound signals near the position of the right ear of a driver in the test vehicle are tested, and main parameters of the active sounding system are set as follows:
① the virtual engine speed simulates the acceleration condition, and the vehicle accelerates from 1000r/min to 6000 r/min.
② the virtual accelerator pedal opening is set to 100%.
The ③ accelerator pedal opening gain curve is set to the curve of fig. 4, i.e., the sound amplitude gain at 20% opening is (-8.5) × 80% (-6.8) db (a), and the sound amplitude gain at 100% opening is 0db (a).
④, adjusting the power amplifier size of the active sound system, so that the sound amplitude of the right ear position of the driver when the driver accelerates at 100% opening degree is consistent with the final scheme sound total value in the first step.
Under the condition of actual vehicle standstill, simulating an acceleration running working condition under the condition of 100% of accelerator pedal opening, testing the position of the right ear of a driver to obtain a sound signal of an active sound production system under the condition of 100% of accelerator pedal opening, and comparing the sound signal with the design state of a final sound scheme in the second step from the aspects of a sound total value curve, an FFT spectrogram, subjective evaluation audition and the like:
① in terms of total sound value curve, the sound amplitude variation curve emitted by the sound system of the original vehicle is generally consistent with the verification result curve of the high-fidelity loudspeaker, but within the virtual engine speed range around 3000r/min and within 2000r/min, the difference with the latter is large, the error between the test result of the sound system of the original vehicle and the verification result of the high-fidelity loudspeaker is not more than 10dB (A), and the main reason for causing the large error in the low-speed area is that the sound amplitude enhancement is carried out on the sound system within the frequency range of 200Hz, as shown in FIG. 10;
② from the aspect of FFT spectrogram, because of the influence of the frequency response of the sound system, the order component sound amplitude generated by the active sound system under the condition of the real vehicle sound system is enhanced below 100Hz, there is a more obvious sound amplitude attenuation in the order component sound amplitude around 300Hz and in the range of 480-;
③ in terms of subjective evaluation, the sound produced by the sound system of a real vehicle under static conditions is very low, and the tone color of the sound is somewhat incomplete and missing, mainly caused by the frequency response characteristic of the sound system described in item ②.
According to the technical scheme, the verification of the sound synthesis precision of the active sound production system is carried out from the sound total value curve, the FFT spectrogram and the subjective evaluation angle under the conditions of a high-fidelity sound field reduction system and a real vehicle sound system static state respectively, the influence of the system circuit and the real vehicle sound system frequency response on the sound synthesis precision can be effectively decomposed, so that the influence mechanism of the system and the real vehicle sound system frequency response on the sound frequency characteristic and the order characteristic of the active sound production system is definitely controlled, the direction is pointed for the optimization of the sound synthesis precision of the subsequent active sound production system, and the working efficiency in the development process of the active sound production system is improved.
The embodiment also discloses an active sounding system, and the sound synthesis precision verification method of the active sounding system.
The method for verifying the sound synthesis precision of the active sound production system verifies the sound synthesis precision of the active sound production system from a sound total value curve, an FFT spectrogram and a subjective evaluation angle under the conditions of a high-fidelity sound field reduction system and a static sound system of a real vehicle respectively, and can effectively decompose the influence of the frequency response of a system circuit and the frequency response of the real vehicle sound system on the sound synthesis precision, thereby clearly controlling the influence mechanism of the frequency response of the system and the real vehicle sound system on the sound frequency characteristic and the order characteristic of the active sound production system, indicating the direction for the optimization of the sound synthesis precision of the subsequent active sound production system, and improving the working efficiency in the development process of the active sound production system.
It should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A method for verifying sound synthesis precision of an active sound production system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
determining a final sound scheme to be loaded into an active sound system of the electric automobile to obtain a sound target of the active sound system;
under the condition of a high-fidelity sound field reduction system, simulating an acceleration driving working condition under the condition of 100% of opening of an accelerator pedal, and carrying out sound synthesis precision verification on an active sound production system under the condition of the high-fidelity sound field reduction system;
and under the static condition of the real vehicle, simulating the acceleration running working condition under the opening degree of an accelerator pedal of 100 percent, and verifying the sound synthesis precision of the active sound production system under the static condition of the real vehicle.
2. The method for verifying the sound synthesis accuracy of the active sound production system according to claim 1, wherein sound design in an electric vehicle accelerating vehicle is performed, and a time domain signal, a spectrogram and a sound amplitude change curve of a final sound scheme to be loaded into the active sound production system are determined.
3. The verification method for the sound synthesis precision of the active sound production system according to claim 2, characterized in that discrete short-time Fourier transform analysis is performed on the sound signals of the order in the acceleration running vehicle corresponding to the final sound scheme, and the sound amplitude characteristic parameters and the phase characteristic parameters are extracted within the frequency range of 20-1200 Hz.
4. The verification method for sound synthesis accuracy of an active sound production system according to claim 3, wherein discrete short-time Fourier transform synthesis is performed according to the amplitude characteristic parameter and the phase characteristic parameter of the extracted order component sound to fit the synthesized sound of the final sound scheme, the difference between the synthesized sound and the sound of the final scheme is evaluated from the perspective of objective spectrum analysis and subjective listening trial, and parameter adjustment of appropriate discrete short-time Fourier transform analysis is performed for the difference condition, so that the fitted synthesized sound achieves the sound effect of the final scheme.
5. The method for verifying the sound synthesis accuracy of the active sound production system according to claim 4, wherein in terms of vehicle speed, the virtual engine speed is defined, the vehicle speed interval for active sound production in the electric vehicle is defined within the range of 0-120km/h, and a calculation formula of the virtual engine speed and the vehicle speed of the active sound production system is obtained according to the rule that the engine speed of the internal combustion engine vehicle linearly changes with the vehicle speed in a certain fixed gear:
nV=A×V+nI
in the formula, nVSimulating the engine speed for an active sound production system of the electric automobile; a is a virtual engine speed variation per vehicle speed, wherein:
Figure FDA0002194549850000021
wherein n isRFor a virtual engine rated speed, nIIs a virtual engine idle speed; v is the vehicle speed;
and importing a calculation formula of the virtual engine speed and the vehicle speed of the active sound production system into the active sound production system, so that the active sound production system can calculate the virtual engine speed according to the vehicle speed.
6. The method for verifying the sound synthesis accuracy of the active sound production system according to claim 5, wherein a first curve of the sound amplitude gain of the active sound production system of the electric vehicle, which varies with the opening degree of the accelerator pedal, is obtained with respect to the opening degree of the accelerator pedal, and parameters of the first curve are introduced into the active sound production system, so that the active system can control the sound amplitude gain of the active sound production system according to the variation of the opening degree of the accelerator pedal.
7. The verification method for the sound synthesis precision of the active sound production system according to claim 6, characterized in that a high fidelity sound field reduction system is constructed by a plurality of high fidelity speakers to reduce the sound field environment in the electric vehicle, and the amplitude, delay and other interrelations between the speakers are adjusted to ensure that a high amplitude, straight and consistent frequency response can be obtained in the frequency range of the sound produced by the active sound production system at the target receiving point;
and connecting the active sounding control system with the high-fidelity sound field reduction system, controlling the active sounding system to send a white noise signal through the high-fidelity sound field reduction system under the environment of a whole vehicle semi-anechoic chamber, and testing sound response at a target receiving point so as to verify the actual frequency response condition of the high-fidelity sound field reduction system at the position of the target receiving point.
8. The verification method for the sound synthesis precision of the active sound production system according to claim 7, characterized in that the active sound production control system is connected to the whole vehicle, so that the system can normally read information such as vehicle speed, motor speed, accelerator pedal opening position and the like in the working process; on the basis of a loudspeaker of an original vehicle sound system of the electric vehicle, an active sound system of the electric vehicle is set up, and sound generated by the active sound system is played through the sound system;
under the environment of a semi-anechoic chamber of the whole vehicle, an active sounding system is controlled to send out a white noise signal through a sound system of the real vehicle, and sound response is tested at a target receiving point so as to verify the actual frequency response condition of the position of the target receiving point under the static condition of the real vehicle.
9. An active sound production system comprising the sound synthesis accuracy verification method of the active sound production system according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
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