CN110715814B - An online comprehensive diagnosis system and method for an open cooling tower - Google Patents
An online comprehensive diagnosis system and method for an open cooling tower Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供一种开式冷却塔在线综合诊断方法，包括感知层、执行层、数据传输层及决策层，感知层，包括水温传感器、流量计、三相远传式智能电表、电流互感器、干湿球温度传感器、远传式水表以及脉冲计数单元；用于采集开式冷却塔及其设备的原始运行数据；执行层，包括诊断控制器，用于采集感知层的所有数据，并上传至数据传输层；数据传输层，包括4G工业物联网路由器，用于将诊断控制器采集的各项数据无线传输至决策层；决策层，用于将传输上来的各项数据进行运算及推理，并将结果以及各项数据显示至人机交互界面或移动终端APP；能够辅助判断开式冷却塔的运行异常状况、异常原因以及解决办法，极大的提高了设备的运行效率及人员工作效率。
The invention provides an on-line comprehensive diagnosis method for an open cooling tower, which includes a perception layer, an execution layer, a data transmission layer and a decision-making layer. Wet and dry bulb temperature sensors, remote water meters and pulse counting units; used to collect raw operating data of open cooling towers and their equipment; execution layer, including diagnostic controller, used to collect all data from the sensing layer and upload to Data transmission layer; data transmission layer, including 4G industrial Internet of Things routers, is used to wirelessly transmit various data collected by the diagnostic controller to the decision-making layer; decision-making layer is used to calculate and reason the transmitted data, and Display the results and various data to the human-computer interaction interface or mobile terminal APP; it can assist in judging the abnormal operation of the open cooling tower, the cause of the abnormality and the solution, which greatly improves the operation efficiency of the equipment and the work efficiency of personnel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of cooling towers, and particularly relates to an open type cooling tower online comprehensive diagnosis system and method.
Background
The large building central air conditioner mainly adopts a centralized water chilling unit as cold source supply equipment, wherein the large building central air conditioner comprises three large circulation systems, namely a refrigerant circulation system, a chilled water circulation system and a cooling water circulation system, wherein the refrigeration efficiency of the water chilling unit is closely related to the temperature of an evaporator side and the temperature of a condenser side of the water chilling unit, the efficiency of the water chilling unit is increased when the temperature of the evaporator side is increased, and the efficiency of the water chilling unit is increased when the temperature of the condenser side is decreased; the temperature of the evaporator side is directly related to the chilled water circulation system, and the temperature of the condenser side is directly related to the cooling water circulation system, so the operation condition of the cooling water circulation system is directly related to the operation energy consumption of the water chilling unit. The cooling water circulation system comprises accessories such as a condenser side heat exchanger, a cooling water circulating pump, a cooling tower (a multipurpose open cooling tower), a pipeline, a valve and the like. The cooling tower is used as a heat dissipation device of the system, the operation efficiency of the cooling tower directly influences the operation energy consumption of the water chilling unit, and the operation safety of the cooling tower directly influences the operation safety of the whole central air conditioning system, so sufficient attention needs to be paid.
The defects and shortcomings of the prior art are as follows:
1. at present, the cooling capacity of a cooling tower needs to be calculated by measuring the temperature of a dry-wet bulb, the atmospheric pressure value, the flow, the air speed of exhaust air, the heat dissipation and exhaust amount and the like, then a series of parameters such as the relative humidity of air entering the tower, the water vapor partial pressure of saturated air, the density of dry air entering the tower, the air-water ratio, the enthalpy value of air leaving the tower, the average enthalpy value of air in the tower, the enthalpy value of saturated air and the like are calculated, the calculation process is very complicated, and the heat dissipation efficiency of the cooling tower can be judged only by correcting the water inlet temperature of the cooling tower; manual recording and calculation are needed in the calculation process, the requirement on the specialty is high, real-time online monitoring cannot be realized, and the current operation effect of the cooling tower cannot be judged visually;
2. when the existing open cooling tower motor and a cooling fan (fan) operate for a long time, the equipment is in an outdoor high-temperature and high-humidity environment for a long time, and after the operation time is long, the motor and fan transmission part-belt is likely to loosen due to aging and abrasion, the transmission efficiency is not high, and the motor and fan transmission part-belt needs to be replaced in time when the conditions are met, so that the problem that the cooling effect is poor due to the reduction of the air exhaust amount is avoided, and the operation energy consumption of a water chilling unit;
3. the fan power consumption ratio in the energy efficiency limit value of the existing open cooling tower in operation can not be calculated, the fan power consumption ratio of the fan of the cooling tower can not be known at present because the open cooling tower used in each building seldom measures the power consumption of the fan of a single cooling tower and the circulating water quantity flowing through the cooling tower, and the fan power consumption ratio of the fan of the cooling tower can not be judged whether the fan power consumption ratio in the actual operation of the cooling tower is deviated from the design value or the test value or not and whether the energy waste exists or not in the later operation;
4. the drifting water rate of the cooling tower is an important mark for representing whether the cooling tower saves water or not, but at present, the actual engineering application does not calculate the drifting water rate and the drifting water quantity of the cooling tower in actual operation, and if the drifting water rate of the cooling tower is increased due to the factors of large lift of a cooling water pump, small water distribution direction of cooling water and small horizontal included angle and the like, the extreme waste of water resources is caused; a water meter is generally designed on a tap water replenishing pipe of the cooling tower, but is not included in the operation energy efficiency diagnosis of the cooling tower, and at the present stage, the water meter is only used for water replenishing amount metering after the cooling tower operates for a period of time, is not used as judgment data of the operation energy efficiency of the cooling tower, and is only used as data of subentry metering to perform energy consumption statistics;
5. the cooling tower fan is careless to maintain for long-term operation or the motor is unsmooth to operate due to other reasons, jamming exists, the operation current is increased, but the heat relay protection value of a general tower fan control box is rough and not high in precision, the heat relay protection current set value in many projects is large, and the rated current is far exceeded; when the motor is jammed, the running current of the motor is increased, and a motor coil is scalded, so that the running energy consumption is increased, and meanwhile, the temperature rise of equipment is overlarge due to long-term running, the coil is accelerated to age, and the service life of the equipment is damaged;
6. the existing cooling tower is generally installed on the top of an undaria or a main building of a building, in actual operation, operation management personnel can not learn real-time specific operation data of the equipment, and fault information and operation data of the equipment can be learned only by the operation management personnel through field inspection, so that great inconvenience is brought to later operation.
Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, there is a need for a fully functional open cooling tower online comprehensive diagnosis system and method.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an open cooling tower on-line comprehensive diagnosis method, which aims to solve the problems that the existing cooling tower is not paid enough attention, and the diagnosis method has a plurality of defects and deficiencies.
The invention provides the following technical scheme:
an open cooling tower on-line comprehensive diagnosis system comprises a sensing layer, an execution layer, a data transmission layer and a decision layer, wherein the sensing layer comprises a water temperature sensor, a flowmeter, a three-phase remote transmission type intelligent electric meter, a current transformer, a wet-dry bulb temperature sensor, a remote transmission type water meter and a pulse counting unit; the system is used for acquiring original operation data of the open cooling tower and equipment thereof; the execution layer comprises a diagnosis controller and is used for acquiring all data of the sensing layer and uploading the data to the data transmission layer; the data transmission layer comprises a 4G industrial Internet of things router and is used for wirelessly transmitting all data acquired by the diagnosis controller to the decision layer; and the decision layer is used for calculating and reasoning various transmitted data and displaying the result and various data to a human-computer interaction interface or a mobile terminal APP.
An open cooling tower on-line comprehensive diagnosis method comprises the following steps:
s1, receiving the data value of the wet and dry bulb temperature sensor through the diagnosis controller, diagnosing the cooling capacity of the cooling tower, and sending the diagnosis result to the decision layer through the data transmission layer;
s2, receiving the data value of the pulse counting unit through the diagnosis controller, diagnosing the motor rotating speed and the cooling fan rotating speed of the cooling tower, and sending the diagnosis result to a decision layer through a data transmission layer;
s3, receiving data values of the water temperature sensor, the flowmeter and the three-phase remote transmission type intelligent electric meter through the diagnosis controller, diagnosing the fan power consumption ratio of the cooling tower, and sending a diagnosis result to a decision layer through a data transmission layer;
s4, receiving the data value of the remote water meter through the diagnosis controller, diagnosing the drift rate of the cooling tower, and sending the diagnosis result to the decision layer through the data transmission layer;
s5, receiving the data value of the current transformer through the diagnosis controller, diagnosing the motor operation condition of the cooling tower, and sending the diagnosis result to the decision layer through the data transmission layer;
and S7, receiving the diagnosis result uploaded by the diagnosis controller through the decision layer, performing operation and reasoning, and displaying the final result and various data to a human-computer interaction interface or a mobile terminal APP.
Further, in S1, the diagnosing the cooling capacity of the cooling tower includes:
s101, measuring a wet bulb temperature value at an air inlet position as T1 and a water outlet temperature value at a water outlet pipe as T2 through a dry-wet bulb temperature sensor;
s102, calculating an approximation value TA (T2-T1) by the diagnosis controller;
s103, judging whether the approximation degree value is larger than a standard limit value TB of the approximation degree of the small and medium-sized open cooling tower or not through a diagnosis controller, if so, diagnosing that the cooling capacity of the cooling tower is abnormal through the diagnosis controller; if not, the diagnosis controller diagnoses that the cooling capacity of the cooling tower is normal.
Further, in S2, the diagnosing the motor speed and the radiator fan speed of the cooling tower includes:
s201, recording the pulse number DA of a motor and the pulse number DB of a cooling fan in a measuring time T through a pulse counting unit;
s202, calculating by the diagnosis controller:
the rotating speed of the motor is r1 ═ DA ÷ n ÷ T;
the rotating speed of the radiating fan is r2 ═ DB ÷ n ÷ T;
in the formula: r 1: the unit is the rotating speed of the motor and r/min; r 2: the rotating speed of a cooling fan of the cooling tower is r/min; DA: the number of pulses is collected in a detection period for a motor of the cooling tower, and the number is unit; DB: the number of pulses collected by the cooling fan in a detection period is unit; n: the number of the permanent magnetic pieces is unit; t: the detection period is unit of min;
s203, comparing r1 and r2 with rated values n1 and n2 of the motor and the heat dissipation fan respectively through a diagnosis controller;
if r1 is greater than or equal to 95% x n1 and less than or equal to 105% x n1, the diagnosis controller diagnoses that the rotating speed of the motor is normal;
if r1 is less than 95% n1 or greater than 105% n1, the diagnostic controller diagnoses the abnormal rotation speed of the motor;
if r2 is greater than or equal to 95% x n2 and less than or equal to 105% x n2, the diagnosis controller diagnoses that the rotation speed of the cooling fan is normal;
if r2 is greater than 95% n2 or less than 105% n2, the diagnostic controller diagnoses the abnormal rotation speed of the radiator fan.
Further, in S3, the diagnosing the power consumption ratio of the fan of the cooling tower includes:
s301, under the weather condition close to the standard working condition, measuring the water temperature T3 of the water inlet pipe through a water temperature sensor;
s302, calculating the cooling capacity of the cooling tower under the climate condition close to the standard working condition through the diagnosis controller:
η＝(T3-T2)÷△t×100％；
in the formula: eta: cooling capacity, unit%; t3: the water inlet temperature of the cooling tower is unit ℃; t2: the temperature of the outlet water of the cooling tower is unit ℃; Δ t: designing temperature difference of inlet and outlet water of a cooling tower under standard working conditions, wherein the unit is;
s303, measuring the real-time power value P of the cooling tower through a three-phase remote transmission type intelligent electric meter;
s304, measuring the flow Q of the water inlet pipe of the cooling tower through a flowmeter;
s305, calculating the power consumption ratio a value of the fan through the diagnosis controller, wherein the calculation formula is as follows: α ═ P ÷ (η × Q);
in the formula: a: the power consumption ratio of a fan of the cooling tower is kW.h/m3(ii) a P: the active power of a motor of the cooling tower is kW; eta: cooling capacity of cooling tower, unit%; q: actually measuring the cooling water circulation volume in m3/h；
S306, judging whether the power consumption ratio a of the fan is lower than 95% by the diagnosis controller, if so, diagnosing the power consumption abnormality of the fan of the cooling tower by the diagnosis controller; if not, the diagnosis controller diagnoses that the power consumption of the fan of the cooling tower is normal.
Further, in S4, the diagnosing the drift rate of the cooling tower includes the following steps:
s401, measuring the water replenishing quantity L1 of a water replenishing pipe of the cooling tower and the sewage discharge quantity L2 of a sewage discharge pipe through a remote water meter;
s402, reading in S3 through a diagnosis controller, wherein a flow meter measures the flow Q1 of a water inlet pipe of the cooling tower, and a water temperature sensor measures the actually measured inlet and outlet water temperature difference delta T of the cooling tower;
s403, calculating the amount E of the evaporated water of the cooling tower through the diagnosis controller, wherein the calculation process is as follows: e ═ K × Δ T × Q1;
in the formula: e: amount of water evaporated in cooling tower in m3H; k: the evaporation coefficient; Δ t: actually measuring the temperature difference of inlet and outlet water in unit by a cooling tower; q1: actually measuring the cooling water circulation volume in m3/h；
S404, calculating the drifting water quantity Q2 of the cooling tower through the diagnosis controller, wherein the calculation process is as follows:
Q2＝(L1÷T)－(L2÷T)－E；
in the formula: q2: amount of water flow in unit m in cooling tower3H; l1: water quantity of cooling tower in unit of m3(ii) a L2: discharge water quantity of cooling tower in unit of m3(ii) a T: detection period, unit h; e: detecting the evaporation water quantity of the cooling tower in unit m in a period3/h；
S405, calculating the drifting water rate beta of the cooling tower through the diagnosis controller, wherein the calculation process is as follows: β ═ Q2 ÷ Q1;
in the formula: beta: the water floating rate of the cooling tower is unit percent; q1: actually measuring the circulating water quantity in unit m of the cooling tower3H; q2: amount of water flow in unit m in cooling tower3/h；
S406, diagnosing the drifting water rate beta of the cooling tower through a diagnosis controller, wherein the circulating water amount is less than 1000m3The energy efficiency rating of the standard cooling tower/h is divided into the following limits: the water drift rate beta is less than or equal to 0.004%, the energy efficiency is 1 level, the water drift rate beta is less than or equal to 0.005%, the energy efficiency is 2 levels, the water drift rate beta is less than or equal to 0.006%, the energy efficiency is 3 levels, the energy efficiency is 4 levels, and the energy efficiency is 5 levels.
S407, judging whether the cooling tower drift water rate beta is larger than the energy efficiency grade calibrated by the cooling tower through the diagnosis controller, and dividing the numerical value of the limit by contrasting the energy efficiency grade, wherein if yes, the diagnosis controller diagnoses that the cooling tower drift water rate is abnormal; if not, the diagnosis controller diagnoses that the drifting rate of the cooling tower is normal.
Further, in S5, the diagnosing the motor operating condition of the cooling tower includes:
s501, reading the real-time power value P of the cooling tower by the diagnosis controller in S3 through the three-phase remote transmission type intelligent electric meter;
s502, calculating the rated current I of the cooling tower motor through the diagnosis controller, wherein the calculation process is as follows;
in the formula: p: the motor input power of the cooling tower is kW; u: three-phase alternating current power supply voltage in units of V; eta: efficiency in units% when the motor is fully loaded;
power factor in unit% when the motor is fully loaded;
s503, measuring the actual working current value Ia of the cooling tower motor through a current transformer;
s504, judging whether the full load of the motor of the cooling tower is that the rated current value I is larger than the actual working current value Ia or not through the diagnosis controller; if yes, the diagnosis controller diagnoses that the motor of the cooling tower is normal; if not, the diagnosis controller diagnoses the abnormity of the cooling tower motor.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention discloses an open cooling tower on-line comprehensive diagnosis system and method, which simplify part of calculation process of cooling tower energy efficiency judgment, utilize a back-pushing method and a threshold value judgment method to carry out on-line operation diagnosis of an open cooling tower, complete all parameters and calculation processes originally measured by professionals on site by an on-line diagnosis system, collect and calculate all parameters influencing normal operation of the open cooling tower and all parameters with high operation efficiency of the open cooling tower, comprehensively analyze and reason the operation condition of the open cooling tower on line in real time, realize remote monitoring of all operation parameters of the open cooling tower and remote start-stop of the open cooling tower, greatly facilitate operation management and later operation and maintenance of a central air conditioner, timely react the operation condition of the open cooling tower on an on-line comprehensive diagnosis system platform, and can assist in judging the abnormal operation condition of the open cooling tower, Due to the abnormal reasons and the solution, the operation efficiency of the equipment and the working efficiency of personnel are greatly improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of the process of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the system architecture of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a cooling capacity diagnostic for a cooling tower;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of fan power consumption ratio for a cooling tower;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart illustrating motor speed and cooling fan speed diagnostics;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a cooling tower drift rate diagnostic;
fig. 7 is a flow chart of motor operating condition diagnosis of the cooling tower.
Detailed Description
As shown in FIG. 2, an open cooling tower on-line comprehensive diagnosis system comprises a sensing layer, an execution layer, a data transmission layer and a decision layer,
the sensing layer comprises a water temperature sensor, a flowmeter, a three-phase remote transmission type intelligent ammeter, a current transformer, a dry-wet ball temperature sensor, a remote transmission type water meter and a pulse counting unit; the system is used for acquiring original operation data of the open cooling tower and equipment thereof;
the execution layer comprises a diagnosis controller and is used for acquiring all data of the sensing layer and uploading the data to the data transmission layer; the diagnostic controller is installed nearby the open cooling tower and can be installed in a wall-mounted manner, and the installation environment is required to be a place where sunlight is prevented from being directly exposed to the sun, rain is prevented, wiring is convenient, electricity is convenient to get, and the like;
the data transmission layer comprises a 4G industrial Internet of things router and is used for wirelessly transmitting all data acquired by the diagnosis controller to the decision layer; the bottom layer supports communication protocols such as Modbus and BACnet, and the working power supply DC 4-36V. The equipment is arranged near a diagnosis controller, the installation environment comprises the installation environment of the diagnosis controller, and other strong electric signal interference and other places influencing the communication of the 4G industrial Internet of things router are not needed to be ensured around;
and the decision layer is used for calculating and reasoning various transmitted data and displaying the result and various data to a human-computer interaction interface or a mobile terminal APP.
As shown in fig. 1, an open cooling tower online comprehensive diagnosis method includes the following steps:
s1, receiving the data value of the wet and dry bulb temperature sensor through the diagnosis controller, diagnosing the cooling capacity of the cooling tower, and sending the diagnosis result to the decision layer through the data transmission layer;
s2, receiving the data value of the pulse counting unit through the diagnosis controller, diagnosing the motor rotating speed and the cooling fan rotating speed of the cooling tower, and sending the diagnosis result to a decision layer through a data transmission layer;
s3, receiving data values of the water temperature sensor, the flowmeter and the three-phase remote transmission type intelligent electric meter through the diagnosis controller, diagnosing the fan power consumption ratio of the cooling tower, and sending a diagnosis result to a decision layer through a data transmission layer;
s4, receiving the data value of the remote water meter through the diagnosis controller, diagnosing the drift rate of the cooling tower, and sending the diagnosis result to the decision layer through the data transmission layer;
s5, receiving the data value of the current transformer through the diagnosis controller, diagnosing the motor operation condition of the cooling tower, and sending the diagnosis result to the decision layer through the data transmission layer;
and S6, receiving the diagnosis result uploaded by the diagnosis controller through the decision layer, performing operation and reasoning, and displaying the final result and various data to a human-computer interaction interface or a mobile terminal APP.
As shown in fig. 3, the step S1 of diagnosing the cooling capacity of the cooling tower includes the steps of:
s101, measuring a wet bulb temperature value at an air inlet position as T1 and a water outlet temperature value at a water outlet pipe as T2 through a dry-wet bulb temperature sensor;
s102, calculating an approximation value TA (T2-T1) by the diagnosis controller;
s103, judging whether the approximation degree value is larger than the approximation degree specification limit value TB of the small and medium-sized open cooling tower through the diagnosis controller,
if yes, the diagnosis controller diagnoses that the cooling capacity of the cooling tower is abnormal;
if not, the diagnosis controller diagnoses that the cooling capacity of the cooling tower is normal.
For example: the method comprises the steps that a cooling water supply and return water temperature difference is designed to be calculated at 5 ℃ when a cooling tower is selected, when an approximation value is smaller than or equal to 4 ℃, the cooling tower is diagnosed to be normal in cooling and cooling capacity, when the approximation value exceeds 4 ℃, the cooling and cooling capacity of the cooling tower is insufficient, a diagnosis system sends out a diagnosis result prompt, the diagnosis result and maintenance contents are pushed to an operation manager, and the checking contents comprise whether air inlet of the cooling tower is smooth, whether water distribution holes are blocked when water distribution of the cooling tower is uniform, whether the water distribution flow rate of the cooling water is too high (the pressure head is too high), and whether the rotating speed of a fan of the cooling tower; the diagnosis result is combined with the judgment of the fan speed of the cooling tower fan of S2;
as shown in fig. 4, the step S2 of diagnosing the motor speed and the radiator fan speed of the cooling tower includes the steps of:
s201, recording the pulse number DA of a motor and the pulse number DB of a cooling fan in a measuring time T through a pulse counting unit;
s202, calculating by the diagnosis controller:
the rotating speed of the motor is r1 ═ DA ÷ n ÷ T;
the rotating speed of the radiating fan is r2 ═ DB ÷ n ÷ T;
in the formula: r 1: the unit is the rotating speed of the motor and r/min; r 2: the rotating speed of a cooling fan of the cooling tower is r/min; DA: the number of pulses is collected in a detection period for a motor of the cooling tower, and the number is unit; DB: the number of pulses collected by the cooling fan in a detection period is unit; n: the number of the permanent magnetic pieces is unit; t: the detection period is unit of min;
s203, comparing r1 and r2 with rated values n1 and n2 of the motor and the heat dissipation fan respectively through a diagnosis controller;
if r1 is greater than or equal to 95% x n1 and less than or equal to 105% x n1, the diagnosis controller diagnoses that the rotating speed of the motor is normal;
if r1 is less than 95% n1 or greater than 105% n1, the diagnostic controller diagnoses the abnormal rotation speed of the motor;
if r2 is greater than or equal to 95% x n2 and less than or equal to 105% x n2, the diagnosis controller diagnoses that the rotation speed of the cooling fan is normal;
if r2 is greater than 95% n2 or less than 105% n2, the diagnostic controller diagnoses the abnormal rotation speed of the radiator fan.
When the rotating speed of the motor is far lower than the rated rotating speed, the diagnosis system judges that the motor is jammed and needs to be maintained; when the rotating speed of the cooling fan is lower than the rated rotating speed, the diagnosis system judges that the fan is jammed, the rotation is not smooth or the belt is loosened and needs to be replaced (only suitable for belt transmission and not suitable for gear transmission); and (4) prompting the maintenance of the measuring unit and the cooling tower equipment for the sudden change of the pulse number in the online diagnosis process.
As shown in fig. 5, the step S3 of diagnosing the power consumption ratio of the fan of the cooling tower includes the steps of:
s301, under the weather condition close to the standard working condition, measuring the water temperature T3 of the water inlet pipe through a water temperature sensor;
s302, calculating the cooling capacity of the cooling tower under the climate condition close to the standard working condition through the diagnosis controller:
η＝(T3-T2)÷△t×100％；
in the formula: eta: cooling capacity, unit%; t3: the water inlet temperature of the cooling tower is unit ℃; t2: the temperature of the outlet water of the cooling tower is unit ℃; Δ t: designing temperature difference of inlet and outlet water of a cooling tower under standard working conditions, wherein the unit is;
s303, measuring the real-time power value P of the cooling tower through a three-phase remote transmission type intelligent electric meter;
s304, measuring the flow Q of the water inlet pipe of the cooling tower through a flowmeter;
s305, calculating the power consumption ratio a value of the fan through the diagnosis controller, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
а＝P÷(η×Q)；
in the formula: a: the power consumption ratio of a fan of the cooling tower is kW.h/m3(ii) a P: the active power of a motor of the cooling tower is kW; eta: cooling capacity of cooling tower, unit%; q: actually measuring the cooling water circulation volume in m3/h；
S306, judging whether the power consumption a of the fan is lower than 95 percent compared with the standard limit value through the diagnosis controller,
if so, the diagnosis controller diagnoses the power consumption abnormality of the cooling tower fan;
if not, the diagnosis controller diagnoses that the power consumption of the fan of the cooling tower is normal.
The system monitors the circulation volume of the cooling tower in real time, and prompts a central air-conditioning operation manager to check the number of the cooling water circulating pumps which are started and whether the cooling water circulating pumps are started corresponding to the host when the design flow is exceeded; and the power consumption diagnosis of the fan is realized by combining a diagnosis system with the rotating speed of the cooling tower motor to judge whether the cooling tower motor needs maintenance.
As shown in fig. 6, the step S4 of diagnosing the drift rate of the cooling tower includes the steps of:
s401, measuring the water replenishing quantity L1 of a water replenishing pipe of the cooling tower and the sewage discharge quantity L2 of a sewage discharge pipe through a remote water meter;
s402, reading in S3 through a diagnosis controller, wherein a flow meter measures the flow Q1 of a water inlet pipe of the cooling tower, and a water temperature sensor measures the actually measured inlet and outlet water temperature difference delta T of the cooling tower;
s403, calculating the amount E of the evaporated water of the cooling tower through the diagnosis controller, wherein the calculation process is as follows:
E＝K×△T×Q1；
in the formula: e: cooling tower steamAmount of generated water in m3H; k: the evaporation coefficient; Δ t: actually measuring the temperature difference of inlet and outlet water in unit by a cooling tower; q1: actually measuring the cooling water circulation volume in m3H; substituting the actually measured difference value of the inlet and outlet water temperatures of the cooling tower, the actually measured circulating water quantity value of the cooling tower and an evaporation coefficient (the value can be obtained by pre-programming an evaporation coefficient table corresponding to each temperature, and the diagnosis system takes a corresponding evaporation coefficient value according to the actually measured dry-bulb temperature and the corresponding temperature in the evaporation coefficient table) for a formula (5), namely calculating the evaporation water quantity of the cooling tower;
s404, calculating the drifting water quantity Q2 of the cooling tower through the diagnosis controller, wherein the calculation process is as follows:
Q2＝(L1÷T)－(L2÷T)－E；
in the formula: q2: amount of water flow in unit m in cooling tower3H; l1: water quantity of cooling tower in unit of m3(ii) a L2: discharge water quantity of cooling tower in unit of m3(ii) a T: detection period, unit h; e: detecting the evaporation water quantity of the cooling tower in unit m in a period3/h；
S405, calculating the drifting water rate beta of the cooling tower through the diagnosis controller, wherein the calculation process is as follows:
β＝Q2÷Q1；
in the formula: beta: the water floating rate of the cooling tower is unit percent; q1: actually measuring the circulating water quantity in unit m of the cooling tower3H; q2: amount of water flow in unit m in cooling tower3/h；
S406, diagnosing the drifting water rate beta of the cooling tower through a diagnosis controller, wherein the circulating water amount is less than 1000m3The energy efficiency rating of the standard cooling tower/h is divided into the following limits:
the water drift rate beta is less than or equal to 0.004%, the energy efficiency is 1 level, the water drift rate beta is less than or equal to 0.005%, the energy efficiency is 2 levels, the water drift rate beta is less than or equal to 0.006%, the energy efficiency is 3 levels, the energy efficiency is 4 levels, and the energy efficiency is 5 levels.
S407, judging whether the drifting water rate beta of the cooling tower is larger than the energy efficiency grade calibrated by the cooling tower through the diagnosis controller, and dividing the numerical value of the limit by contrasting the energy efficiency grade,
if yes, the diagnosis controller diagnoses that the water drifting rate of the cooling tower is abnormal;
if not, the diagnosis controller diagnoses that the drifting rate of the cooling tower is normal.
The diagnostic system compares with the equipment calibration energy efficiency grade according to the calculated water drift rate value, when exceeding the calibration energy efficiency, the diagnostic system sends out early warning to prompt the air conditioner operation manager to overhaul the cooling tower and push various factors which may cause the water drift rate of the cooling tower to rise, such as: the cooling water pump has too large lift, so that the pressure head of a water distribution pipe of the cooling tower is too high, splashed water is too large during water distribution, and more water drops are taken away by a fan of the cooling tower during rotation and heat dissipation; and the water collector arranged at the air outlet of the cooling tower works abnormally, and the like.
As shown in fig. 7, the diagnosing the motor operation condition of the cooling tower in S5 includes the following steps:
s501, reading the real-time power value P of the cooling tower by the diagnosis controller in S3 through the three-phase remote transmission type intelligent electric meter;
s502, calculating the rated current I of the cooling tower motor through the diagnosis controller, wherein the calculation process is as follows;
in the formula: p: the motor input power of the cooling tower is kW; u: three-phase alternating current power supply voltage in units of V; eta: efficiency in units% when the motor is fully loaded;
power factor in unit% when the motor is fully loaded;
s503, measuring the actual working current value Ia of the cooling tower motor through a current transformer;
s504, judging whether the full load of the motor of the cooling tower is that the rated current value I is larger than the actual working current value Ia or not through the diagnosis controller;
if yes, the diagnosis controller diagnoses that the motor of the cooling tower is normal;
if not, the diagnosis controller diagnoses the abnormity of the cooling tower motor.
The diagnosis system compares the calculated rated current (upper limit current) when the motor is fully loaded with the current value actually measured by the three-phase remote transmission type intelligent electric meter, and gives out early warning when the rated current value is exceeded, so as to remind an air conditioner operation manager to overhaul the motor, and push fault reasons possibly caused by screening, such as power supply phase loss (numerical value comparison and screening measured by the three-phase remote transmission type intelligent electric meter), motor winding faults, overhigh power supply voltage (numerical value comparison and screening measured by the three-phase remote transmission type intelligent electric meter), and unsmooth motor operation (motor rotating speed screening can be diagnosed).
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
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| CN112700627B (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2022-11-04 | 新奥数能科技有限公司 | Method and device for alarming abnormality of water supply of cooling tower and terminal equipment |
| CN112747626A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-04 | 广州市昊铭机电科技有限公司 | Variable parameter cooling tower set energy-saving automatic control system and control method |
| CN112798318B (en) * | 2021-02-06 | 2023-04-25 | 济南蓝辰能源技术有限公司 | Cold junction performance monitoring and intelligent diagnosis system of wet cooling unit |
| CN116579762B (en) * | 2023-04-14 | 2023-10-20 | 广州林旺空调工程有限公司 | Intelligent operation and maintenance platform for cooling tower |
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Denomination of invention: An online comprehensive diagnostic system and method for open cooling towers Granted publication date: 20210511 Pledgee: Chengdong Branch of Nanjing Bank Co.,Ltd. Pledgor: JIANGSU HUAXIA BAOLI ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD. Registration number: Y2024980046403 |
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