CN110715694A - Multifunctional flow experiment device - Google Patents

Abstract

A multifunctional flow experimental device includes a pipeline and a magnetic field, and the pipeline is perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field. The pipeline is perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field, which means that the flow direction of the fluid in the pipeline is perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field. There are multiple detection units distributed on the wall of the pipeline, each detection unit has multiple detection electrodes, each detection unit corresponds to a cross section of the pipeline, one end of the detection electrode is in contact with the conductive fluid in the pipeline, and the other end is exposed to the pipeline; all The potential of the detection electrode characterizes the electric field distribution of the conductive fluid in the pipeline. The multifunctional flow experiment device provided by the invention can measure the electric field distribution and flow field distribution of each point in the conductive fluid, so as to fully reflect the flow of the metal fluid in the pipeline.

Description

A multifunctional flow experiment device

technical field

The invention relates to a multifunctional flow experiment device.

Background technique

The following background art is provided to assist the reader in understanding the present invention and should not be regarded as prior art.

Measuring fluid velocity in pipes is an important technology in industrial production. A flow meter is a common device for measuring the flow rate of a fluid. Some flow meters have an impeller, and the flow rate of the fluid can be measured by calculating the speed and number of revolutions of the impeller. However, due to the large contact area between the impeller and the fluid, it is easy to be corroded, so it is not suitable for measuring the flow rate of the fluid with high corrosiveness. The magnetic permeability flowmeter uses the Hall effect to apply a magnetic field in the direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the pipeline. When the conductive fluid flows in the pipeline and cuts the magnetic field lines in the vertical direction, an induced potential will be generated. The size of the induced potential is measured with electrodes, and then passed through Calculate the flow velocity of the fluid in the pipe. The magnetic permeability flowmeter reduces the corrosion of the measured fluid to the measuring device, and can be used to measure highly corrosive conductive fluids, such as high-temperature molten metal fluids.

However, in fact, the flow of fluid in the pipeline is more complicated, and laminar flow and turbulent flow often exist in the flowing fluid. When measuring the fluid potential, the position of the selected measurement point is different, the measured potential difference is also different, and the calculated fluid flow rate is also different. Therefore, the fluid data measured by the existing electromagnetic flowmeter cannot fully reflect the flow of the metal fluid in the pipeline.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The invention provides a multifunctional flow experiment device, which can measure the electric field distribution and flow field distribution of each point in the conductive fluid, so as to fully reflect the flow of the metal fluid in the pipeline.

A multifunctional flow experimental device includes a pipeline and a magnetic field, and the pipeline is perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field. The pipeline is perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field, which means that the flow direction of the fluid in the pipeline is perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field. The cross section of the pipe is polygonal or circular.

Detection electrode

As a preferred solution, there are multiple detection units distributed on the wall of the pipeline, each detection unit has multiple detection electrodes, each detection unit corresponds to a cross section of the pipeline, one end of the detection electrode is in contact with the conductive fluid in the pipeline, and the other end is in contact with the conductive fluid in the pipeline. Exposed to the pipeline; the potential of all detection electrodes characterizes the electric field distribution of the conductive fluid in the pipeline. A plurality of detection electrodes means that the number of detection electrodes is not less than three. The axial direction of the pipe is taken as the longitudinal direction, and the direction perpendicular to the axial direction is taken as the horizontal direction.

As a preferred solution, the detection units are distributed at equal intervals along the axial direction of the pipeline. Such an arrangement enables the detection unit to measure the electric field distribution of the fluid at equal intervals along the axial direction of the pipeline, so that the measured electric field distribution is more accurate.

As a preferred solution, the detection electrodes in each detection unit are distributed at equal intervals. Multiple detection electrodes in each detection unit are located on the same pipe cross section, and the multiple detection electrodes measure the electric field distribution of the fluid at equal distances along the transverse direction of the pipe, so that the measured electric field distribution is more accurate. Each detection electrode corresponds to a measurement position of a conductive fluid, and the potential of each detection electrode represents the potential of its corresponding measurement position.

When detecting the conductive fluid in the pipeline, randomly select two detection electrodes to measure the potential difference between the two detection electrodes; or, use a standard electrode, measure the potential difference between each detection electrode and the standard electrode, and obtain each The electrodes measure the relative potential at the location, thereby obtaining the electric field distribution of the conductive fluid in the pipe.

The method for obtaining the flow field distribution of the conductive fluid in the pipeline according to the electric field distribution measured in the present invention: (1) using the experimental device to test the fluid with the known flow field distribution, and using the detection electrode to detect the electric potential of the conductive fluid in the pipeline at each point, obtaining The electric field distribution of the fluid is known, and the flow field distribution is corresponding to the electric field distribution to obtain an electric field-flow field empirical table; (2) the electric potential distribution of the fluid to be measured is tested with the experimental device of the present invention; (3) the measured The potential distribution of the fluid to be measured corresponds to the electric field-flow field empirical table, thereby obtaining the flow field distribution of the fluid to be measured in the pipeline.

pressurized electrode

As a preferred solution, the pipeline is provided with two pressurized electrodes, the pressurized electrodes are connected to the power source, and the conductive fluid between the pressurized electrodes serves as a conductor connecting the two pressurized electrodes; the direction of the current between the pressurized electrodes and the direction of the magnetic field Vertical, the direction of the current between the two pressurized electrodes is perpendicular to the direction of the flow of the conductive fluid. After the pressurized electrodes are energized, an electric field is generated in the conductive fluid between the pressurized electrodes, and the electric field causes the ions in the conductive fluid to move in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field. According to the Hall effect, the ions moving in the magnetic field are subjected to the Lorentz force, and the direction of the Lorentz force is perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field and the direction of ion movement, that is, parallel to the axis of the pipe. The ions subjected to the Lorentz force move along the axis of the pipe, and the ions subjected to the Lorentz force have an interaction force with other molecules in the conductive fluid, so that the moving ions drive other molecules in the conductive fluid, making the fluid move along the axis of the pipe. flow, thereby driving the flow of conductive fluid in the pipe.

Preferably, the pressurizing electrode is a copper electrode, the pipeline is a ceramic tube, the wall of the ceramic tube has an opening for accommodating the copper electrode, the copper electrode is sealedly connected to the tube wall, and the copper electrode is in contact with the conductive fluid. That is, the copper electrodes together with the ceramic tube form a conduit for the flow of conductive fluid.

Preferably, the copper electrodes are staggered from the detection unit. That is, in the range covered by the copper electrode, no detection unit is provided.

magnetic field

As a preferred solution, the pipeline is located between two magnetic poles, and the direction of the magnetic field between the two magnetic poles is perpendicular to the pipeline.

Preferably, the magnetic field is generated by an excitation coil, which is wound on a magnetic yoke, and the magnetic yoke has two opposite protrusions, each protrusion serving as a magnetic pole. Alternatively, the magnetic field is generated by permanent magnets mounted on a yoke with two opposing protrusions, each of which acts as a pole.

Preferably, the magnetic yoke is a closed rectangular frame, the protrusions are located on two opposite sides of the rectangular frame, and the protrusions are located in the middle of the rectangular sides; the other two sides of the rectangular frame serve as the mounting parts of the magnet, and the mounting parts are wound with Excitation coils or permanent magnets are installed. Preferably, the pipe is in contact with the two magnetic poles, and the pipe is fixed to the magnetic poles.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The electric field distribution of the conductive fluid at each point in the pipeline can be accurately measured, and the flow field distribution of the conductive fluid can be obtained, thereby fully reflecting the flow velocity distribution of the fluid in the pipeline.

2. Using the Hall effect, the conductive fluid flows in the pipe driven by the electric field between the pressurized electrodes and the magnetic field between the magnetic poles.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a multifunctional flow experiment device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a multifunctional flow experiment device equipped with a pressurized electrode on a pipeline according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The structures involved in the present invention or the used technical terms will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which do not constitute any limitation to the present invention.

Example 1

Detection electrode

A multifunctional flow experiment device includes a pipeline and a magnetic field, the pipeline is perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field, and the magnetic field covers the entire pipeline. The pipeline is perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field, which means that the flow direction of the fluid in the pipeline is perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field. The cross section of the pipe is rectangular.

As shown in Figure 1, there are 6 detection units distributed on the wall of the pipeline 2, each detection unit has 12 detection electrodes 3, each detection unit corresponds to a cross section of the pipeline, one end of the detection electrode 3 is connected to the conductive fluid in the pipeline Contact, the other end is exposed to the pipeline; the potential of all detection electrodes characterizes the electric field distribution of the conductive fluid in the pipeline. The axial direction of the pipe is taken as the longitudinal direction, and the direction perpendicular to the axial direction is taken as the horizontal direction.

The detection units are equally spaced along the axis of the pipeline. The detection electrodes in each detection unit are equally spaced. Such an arrangement enables the detection unit to measure the electric field distribution of the fluid at equal intervals along the axial and lateral directions of the pipeline, so that the measured electric field distribution is more accurate. Each detection electrode corresponds to a measurement position of a conductive fluid, and the potential of each detection electrode represents the potential of its corresponding measurement position.

When the conductive fluid in the pipeline is detected, two detection electrodes are arbitrarily selected, and the potential difference between the two detection electrodes is measured.

In some embodiments, a standard electrode is used, the potential difference between each detection electrode and the standard electrode is measured, and the relative potential at the measurement position of each detection electrode is obtained, thereby obtaining the electric field distribution of the conductive fluid in the pipeline.

The method for obtaining the flow field distribution of the conductive fluid in the pipeline according to the electric field distribution measured in the present invention: (1) using the experimental device to test the fluid with the known flow field distribution, and using the detection electrode to detect the electric potential of the conductive fluid in the pipeline at each point, obtaining The electric field distribution of the fluid is known, and the flow field distribution is corresponding to the electric field distribution to obtain an electric field-flow field empirical table; (2) the electric potential distribution of the fluid to be measured is tested with the experimental device of the present invention; (3) the measured The potential distribution of the fluid to be measured corresponds to the electric field-flow field empirical table, thereby obtaining the flow field distribution of the fluid to be measured in the pipeline.

magnetic field

As shown in FIG. 1 , the pipe 2 is located between two magnetic poles 4 , and the direction of the magnetic field between the two magnetic poles 4 is perpendicular to the pipe.

The magnetic field is generated by the excitation coil 5 , which is wound on the yoke 1 , the yoke 1 has two opposite protrusions, each protrusion serving as a magnetic pole 4 . The yoke is a closed rectangular frame, the protrusions are located on the two opposite sides of the rectangular frame, and the protrusions are located in the middle of the rectangular side; the other two sides of the rectangular frame are used as installation parts, and the installation parts are wound with excitation coils or installed with Permanent magnets. The pipe is in contact with the two poles, and the pipe is fixed to the poles.

In some embodiments, the magnetic field is generated by permanent magnets mounted on a yoke having two opposing protrusions, each protrusion acting as a magnetic pole.

Example 2

In this embodiment, the structures described in Embodiment 1 can be adopted for other structures except that the pipeline is provided with two pressurized electrodes.

As shown in Figure 2, the pipeline 2 is provided with two pressurized electrodes 6, the pressurized electrodes are connected to the power source, and the conductive fluid between the pressurized electrodes is used as a conductor connecting the two pressurized electrodes; the current direction between the pressurized electrodes Perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field, the direction of the current between the two pressurized electrodes is perpendicular to the direction of the flow of the conductive fluid. After the pressurized electrodes are energized, an electric field is generated in the conductive fluid between the pressurized electrodes, and the electric field causes the ions in the conductive fluid to move in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field. According to the Hall effect, the ions moving in the magnetic field are subjected to the Lorentz force, and the direction of the Lorentz force is perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field and the direction of ion movement, that is, parallel to the axis of the pipe. The ions subjected to the Lorentz force move along the axis of the pipe, and the ions subjected to the Lorentz force have an interaction force with other molecules in the conductive fluid, so that the moving ions drive other molecules in the conductive fluid, making the fluid move along the axis of the pipe. flow, thereby driving the flow of conductive fluid in the pipe.

The pressurizing electrode is a copper electrode, the pipeline is a ceramic tube, the wall of the ceramic tube is provided with an opening for accommodating the copper electrode, the copper electrode is sealedly connected with the tube wall, and the copper electrode is in contact with the conductive fluid. That is, the copper electrodes together with the ceramic tube form a conduit for the flow of conductive fluid.

The copper electrodes are staggered from the detection unit. That is, in the range covered by the copper electrode, no detection unit is provided.

The content described in the embodiments of the present specification is only an enumeration of the realization forms of the inventive concept, and the protection scope of the present invention should not be regarded as limited to the specific forms stated in the embodiments, and the protection scope of the present invention also extends to those skilled in the art. Equivalent technical means that can be conceived by a person based on the inventive concept.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a multi-functional flow experimental apparatus which characterized in that: comprises a pipeline and a magnetic field, wherein the pipeline is vertical to the direction of the magnetic field.

2. The multi-functional flow assay device of claim 1, wherein: the wall of the pipeline is distributed with a plurality of detection units, each detection unit is provided with a plurality of detection electrodes, each detection unit corresponds to the cross section of one pipeline, one end of each detection electrode is in contact with the conductive fluid in the pipeline, and the other end of each detection electrode is exposed out of the pipeline; the potentials of all the detection electrodes characterize the electric field distribution of the conductive fluid in the pipe.

3. The multi-functional flow assay device of claim 2, wherein: the detection units are distributed at equal intervals along the axial direction of the pipeline.

4. The multi-functional flow assay device of claim 2, wherein: the detection electrodes in each detection unit are distributed at equal intervals.

5. The multi-functional flow assay device of claim 1, wherein: the pipeline is provided with two pressurizing electrodes, the pressurizing electrodes are connected with a power supply, and the conductive fluid between the pressurizing electrodes is used as a conductor for communicating the two pressurizing electrodes; the direction of the current between the pressurizing electrodes is vertical to the direction of the magnetic field, and the direction of the current between the two pressurizing electrodes is vertical to the flowing direction of the conductive fluid.

6. The multi-functional flow assay device of claim 5, wherein: the voltage applying electrode is a copper electrode, the pipeline is a ceramic pipe, an opening used for accommodating the copper electrode is formed in the pipe wall of the ceramic pipe, the copper electrode is connected with the pipe wall in a sealing mode, and the copper electrode is in contact with the conductive fluid.

7. The multi-functional flow assay device of claim 6, wherein: the copper electrode is staggered with the detection unit.

8. The multi-functional flow assay device of claim 1, wherein: the pipeline is located between two magnetic poles, and the magnetic field direction between two magnetic poles is perpendicular with the pipeline.

9. The multi-functional flow assay device of claim 8, wherein: the magnetic field is generated by an excitation coil, the excitation coil is wound on a magnetic yoke, the magnetic yoke is provided with two opposite bulges, and each bulge is used as a magnetic pole; alternatively, the magnetic field is generated by a permanent magnet mounted on a yoke having two opposing projections, each projection acting as a magnetic pole.

10. The multi-functional flow assay device of claim 9, wherein: the magnetic yoke is a closed rectangular frame, the bulges are positioned on two opposite edges of the rectangular frame, and the bulges are positioned in the middle of the rectangular edges; the other two sides of the rectangular frame are used as installation parts of the magnets, and excitation coils or permanent magnets are wound on the installation parts; the pipeline is in contact with the two magnetic poles, and the pipeline is fixed with the magnetic poles.

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