CN110703029B - Fault detection system and method for primary and secondary systems of intelligent substation - Google Patents
Fault detection system and method for primary and secondary systems of intelligent substation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提出一种智能变电站一、二次系统故障检测系统及方法，包括建立自设故障集和基于自设故障集对智能变电站一、二次系统故障进行检测。根据故障过程，建立SV报文变化时序表，并根据故障录波建立电压电流波形文件，完成自设故障集的建立。在此基础上，在测试系统处于检修模式下，启动自设故障集的故障测试系统的模拟测试功能；测试装置在接收到指令后，提取自设故障集中的SV报文变化时序表与波形文件，发送SV测试报文；通过监听装置记录保护装置跳闸和出口时间信息，判断继电保护整体动作性能和保护逻辑正确性。还包括为实现本检测方法的检测系统。本发明的系统及方法能够减少测试校验工作对变电站设备和通信回路的破坏，不受检验周期的限制。
The invention provides a fault detection system and method for the primary and secondary systems of an intelligent substation, including establishing a self-configured fault set and detecting the primary and secondary system faults of the smart substation based on the self-configured fault set. According to the fault process, the SV message change time sequence table is established, and the voltage and current waveform files are established according to the fault recording wave, and the establishment of the self-set fault set is completed. On this basis, when the test system is in the maintenance mode, the simulation test function of the fault test system with the self-set fault set is activated; after receiving the instruction, the test device extracts the SV message change sequence table and waveform file in the self-set fault set , send the SV test message; record the tripping and exit time information of the protection device through the monitoring device, and judge the overall action performance of the relay protection and the correctness of the protection logic. Also included is a detection system for implementing the detection method. The system and method of the present invention can reduce the damage to the substation equipment and the communication circuit caused by the test and verification work, and are not limited by the inspection period.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of fault detection, and particularly relates to a fault detection system and method for primary and secondary systems of an intelligent substation.
Background
Due to the introduction of equipment such as a merging unit, an intelligent terminal and a network analyzer, the maintenance complexity of the transformer substation is improved, a cable loop becomes an optical fiber loop, a current and voltage signal becomes a digital message, and the increase of links brings the increase of equipment functions and communication check difficulty to maintenance work. The secondary debugging of the intelligent substation mainly depends on an optical digital relay protection tester, the intelligent substation tester packs and sends current and voltage quantity to the tested equipment according to an ICE61850 protocol, and an action signal of the tested equipment is fed back to the tester through a hard contact or a GOOSE message to realize closed-loop testing of secondary equipment of intelligent equipment stations such as a protection device and an intelligent terminal. The original equipment of the transformer substation and the network architecture thereof are accessed by plugging and unplugging the optical fiber, the optical fiber is recovered after test verification is completed, and the problem of secondary loop configuration damage is brought to the transformer substation equipment and a communication loop by test and verification work. Although there are periodic and supplementary inspections of the equipment in operation, neither can the secondary loop be inspected in real time.
Some people have proposed to close integrative device in the maintenance phase to the transformer substation of intelligent equipment and overhaul and the complicated problem of check-up work, but can only test the evaluation to single-phase instantaneous fault, single-phase permanent fault etc. primary system trouble, and it is comparatively difficult to simulate the test to secondary system trouble, and the operation and maintenance personnel need observe information such as protection action message, analog quantity data and tripping operation feedback that protection control equipment sent up through monitoring backstage, and the state of protection system is demonstrateed after the trouble is not directly perceived. The automatic test system of the electric protection equipment researched by the predecessor can only complete the tests of simple protection functions such as longitudinal differential protection, distance protection, zero-sequence overcurrent protection and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a system and a method for detecting faults of primary and secondary systems of an intelligent substation.
On one hand, the invention provides a fault detection system for a primary system and a secondary system of an intelligent substation, which is characterized by comprising a monitoring device, a testing device, a bus differential protection device, a line protection device, a merging unit and a testing platform, wherein the testing device is arranged before a signal transmission optical cable interface of the bus differential protection device and the line protection device, and the testing device extracts a message change time sequence table and a waveform file from the self-set fault set by receiving an instruction, and sends a fault test SV message to the bus differential protection device and the line protection device by replacing an original SV message; the monitoring device records trip and exit time information sent by the bus differential protection device and the line protection device by using a passive light splitting technology; the test platform is used for sending a test starting instruction and an item to the test device, receiving trip and exit time information recorded by the monitoring device, and displaying the test SV message and the message information of the bus differential protection device and the line protection device in a form mode.
Furthermore, the testing device comprises an SCD analysis module, a clock synchronization module and a fault simulation module.
Furthermore, the SCD analysis module is configured to import an SCD file from the test platform to the test apparatus, import the sampling value output control block of the merging unit, and obtain an output channel of the merging unit, so that the test apparatus can correctly analyze the packet sent by the merging unit, and modify and send an SV packet according to the packet change timing schedule and the waveform file.
Furthermore, the clock synchronization module provides an accurate time basis for system fault analysis and processing, and needs to modify the rated delay in the message to ensure the synchronization of data during multi-path sampling, and the calculation formula of the rated delay modification is as follows:
tdr′＝tdr+ttd
wherein: t is tdr' is the nominal delay, t, in the modified messagedrNominal delay, t, for the original messagetdDelay time for testing the device.
Furthermore, the fault simulation module reads the message change time sequence table and the waveform file of the self-set fault set according to the instruction of the test platform, and changes the SV message sent by the merging unit according to the tripping and outlet time information sent by the bus differential protection device and the line protection device.
On the other hand, the invention provides a method for detecting the faults of the primary and secondary systems of the intelligent substation, which comprises the steps of establishing a self-set fault set and detecting the faults of the primary and secondary systems of the intelligent substation based on the self-set fault set, wherein the establishing of the self-set fault set comprises the steps of establishing an SV message change time sequence table according to the fault process and establishing a voltage and current waveform file according to fault recording; detecting faults of the primary system and the secondary system of the intelligent substation based on the self-set fault set comprises starting a simulation test function of a fault test system of the self-set fault set when the test system is in a maintenance mode; after receiving the instruction, the testing device extracts the SV message change time sequence table and the waveform file in the self-set fault set and sends an SV test message; and recording tripping and outlet time information of the protection device through the monitoring device, and judging the overall action performance of the relay protection and the correctness of the protection logic.
Further, the message change time sequence table is composed of trigger events and virtual terminals of a change merging unit.
Further, the triggering event includes the start of the test, a fixed time delay, and the reception of an action event by the monitoring device to the protection device.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the detection method is carried out on the basis of the self-set fault set constructed by the invention, can reduce the damage of test and verification work on transformer substation equipment and a communication loop, is not limited by a verification period, utilizes the characteristics of digital metering system sampling digitalization, communication networking and IEC61850 standard expandability to carry out fault simulation of a primary system or a secondary system through SV messages sent by a merging unit, monitors the state of a protection device, judges whether the protection device acts correctly according to the alarm, starting and action conditions of the protection device, and realizes the test and verification of the functions of the protection device of the intelligent transformer substation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 illustrates a two-phase short-circuit fault voltage current waveform;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the fault detection method for the primary and secondary systems of the intelligent substation;
FIG. 3 shows the structure of the fault detection system for the primary and secondary systems of the intelligent substation;
fig. 4 shows an SV message sending flow of a test apparatus in the fault detection system of the primary and secondary systems of the intelligent substation of the present invention;
FIG. 5 shows a schematic of a 220kV section main wiring diagram according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 6 shows waveforms corresponding to SV messages sent by the bus merging unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention provides a fault detection system and method for a primary system and a secondary system of an intelligent substation. Therefore, the invention first needs to establish a fault set. A fault simulation module in the fault test device needs to extract a message change time sequence table and a waveform file from a fault set according to a received test control instruction, replace an original SV message with a fault test SV message, simulate a primary system or a secondary system fault, and update the self-set fault set by analyzing the fault which is not recorded in the self-set fault set so as to increase test items.
The fault set is established as follows:
firstly, according to the fault process, an SV message change time sequence table is established.
The time sequence table is composed of trigger events and virtual terminals of a change merging unit. The triggering event comprises the beginning of the test, a fixed time delay and the receiving of the action event of the protection device by the monitoring device.
Where the start of the test is defined as the start of time, denoted by T0, as shown in equation (1).
T0＝0ms (1)
The fixed time delay represents the time interval between the fixed time delay and the last trigger event, denoted by T, as shown in equation (2).
T＝t ms (2)
Where t represents a specific time, determined by the time interval between trigger events.
The monitoring device receives the action event of the protection device as
Wherein → the name of the left virtual terminal is the name of the virtual terminal of the signaling device, generally the name of the virtual terminal corresponding to the current and voltage measured or protected by the merging unit; → the right side virtual terminal name is the virtual terminal name of the signal receiving apparatus; → represents information flow direction; events on → represent information flow change events.
If the circuit breaker receives a trip command:
the merging unit SV message change event represents the same as equation 3, → the left side virtual terminal name being the virtual terminal name corresponding to the merging unit measured or protected current, voltage, and the information flow change event is mainly signal interruption, signal recovery, voltage current value change.
If the signal interruption event of the voltage transformer for transmitting the voltage value to the distance protection is represented as:
the voltage transformer signal recovery event that sends a voltage value to the distance protection is represented as:
the voltage transformer voltage value change event that sends a voltage value to the distance protection is represented as:
the trigger event is determined by the expressions (1) to (4), and the virtual terminals of the change merging unit are the names of the → left virtual terminals in the expressions (3), (5), (6) and (7), so that an SV message change time sequence table consisting of the trigger event and the virtual terminals of the change merging unit is established. If a two-phase short circuit fault of a primary system occurs, a fault phase is BC two-phase, information indicating a protection voltage B-phase, a protection voltage C-phase, a protection current B-phase and a protection current C-phase needs to be changed in an SV message sent by a merging unit, and a trigger event is T0 (start test), determining to change virtual terminals of the merging unit into a cascade protection voltage B-phase 1, a cascade protection voltage B-phase 2, a cascade protection voltage C-phase 1, a cascade protection voltage C-phase 2, a protection 1 current B-phase 1, a protection 1 current B-phase 2, a protection 1 current C-phase 1 and a protection 1 current C-phase 2, and establishing an SV message change timing sequence table as shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 two-phase short-circuit Fault
The left side is a time sequence table trigger event, and the right side is a change merging unit virtual terminal.
And secondly, establishing a voltage and current waveform file according to the fault recording.
When receiving an instruction for starting testing, the fault testing device extracts a waveform file according to a time node of a trigger event in an SV message change time sequence table, and sends a fault message of a corresponding stage, wherein the waveform file data comprises voltage and current waveform data of each stage separated by the trigger event. For example, the two-phase short-circuit fault voltage current waveform is as shown in fig. 1, where T0 (start of test) corresponds to a trigger event in the two-phase short-circuit fault SV message change timing table, which is a start point of test time, and the ordinate is a current voltage name corresponding to each phase.
On the basis of establishing the self-set fault set, the faults of the primary system and the secondary system of the intelligent substation are detected based on the self-set fault set.
The fault testing device with the fault set can quickly and automatically complete the checking of the integrity of the protection function and the related communication circuit when the primary system and the secondary system have faults under the condition of not damaging the relay protection device of the intelligent transformer substation which is put into production, so that operation and maintenance personnel can find hidden faults of the relay protection of the transformer substation in advance.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for detecting faults of a primary system and a secondary system of an intelligent substation based on a self-set fault set, and the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: and starting the simulation test function of the fault test system with the self-set fault set when the test system is in the maintenance mode. The professional can control the operation through a field operation or a remote control command.
Step 2: and after receiving the instruction, the testing device extracts the SV message change time sequence table and the waveform file in the fault set and sends the SV test message.
And step 3: and recording information such as tripping and exit time of the protection device by the monitoring device, and judging the overall action performance of the relay protection and the correctness of the protection logic.
Fig. 3 shows a system structure of the method for detecting the failure of the primary and secondary systems of the intelligent substation based on the self-set failure set. The testing device extracts a message change time sequence table and a waveform file from a self-set fault set by receiving an instruction, and sends a fault test SV message to protection devices such as bus differential protection, line protection and the like by replacing an original SV message; the monitoring device records information such as trip and exit time sent by the protection device by using a passive light splitting technology; the test platform sends a test starting instruction and an item to the test device, receives information such as trip time and exit time recorded by the monitoring device, and displays a test message and message information of the protection device in a form mode. As shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 action time sequence table
(1) The functional module of the testing device comprises an SCD analysis module, a clock synchronization module and a fault simulation module.
1) SCD analysis module
And importing the SCD file into the testing device by the testing platform, importing the sampling value output control block of the merging unit, and obtaining an output channel of the merging unit. The testing device can correctly analyze the message sent by the merging unit and modify and send SV messages according to the message change time sequence table and the waveform file.
2) Clock synchronization module
The clock synchronization provides accurate time basis for system fault analysis and processing, different electronic transformers have different time delays from primary current voltage to secondary output of the merging unit, in order to reduce errors brought to protection difference value synchronization, the merging unit calculates the time of a whole process that a sampling value is input from the electronic transformer to the electronic transformer and output to the protection device, and the sampling value is transmitted to the protection device through a data channel of the sampling value in a rated time delay mode.
The calculation formula of the rated delay modification is shown as the formula 8
tdr′＝tdr+ttd (8)
Wherein: t is tdr' is the nominal delay, t, in the modified messagedrNominal delay, t, for the original messagetdDelay time for testing the device.
3) Fault simulation module
And the fault simulation module reads the message change time sequence table and the waveform file of the fault set according to the instruction of the test platform, and changes the SV message sent by the merging unit according to the information of tripping, exit time and the like sent by the protection device.
(2) Hardware configuration
A testing device is added in front of a transmission signal optical cable interface of the protection device to meet the requirements of an IEC61850 communication protocol, and a fault simulation module replaces a message according to a test instruction to start and act the protection, analyze the action condition of the actual protection device and verify the correctness of virtual connection between the merging unit and the protection device and the reliability of the protection function.
The testing device is used for replacing the original SV message with a fault testing SV message, and the monitoring device is used for monitoring information such as tripping operation and exit time of the protection device on the intelligent terminal and other protection devices.
The SV message sending flow of the test apparatus is shown in fig. 4, and the test apparatus receives the SV message sent by the merging unit, and forwards or replaces the SV message according to its own state. If the test device does not receive the test instruction of the test platform, the message is forwarded and sent to the protection device; if the test device receives a test instruction of the test platform, the test device enters a test state, and sends a fault SV message to the protection device through the processes of message storage, message analysis, sampling value replacement, rated delay change and the like.
The requirements of the system for the test device are as follows: the processing time of the test device to the message is stable and fast, so that the fixed delay of the message can be modified conveniently. The synchronization of two sampling signals during double AD sampling is ensured, and the protection quick-action performance is ensured when the test is not carried out.
The monitoring device monitors the message output by the protection device by adopting a passive light splitting technology, and does not change the message. The requirements of the system for the monitoring device include: cannot generate delay compared with the original signal; the original signal is ensured not to be influenced in sending and receiving; ensuring that the transmission sequence of the signal does not change; the transmission direction of the original signal is not influenced; the listening signal cannot make any changes compared to the original signal.
The process of the present invention is illustrated by the following specific examples.
(1) Establishment of fault set
Through analyzing the total station voltage loss accidents of the 220kV transformer substation, a self-set fault set is established for verifying whether the fault is eliminated after maintenance and detecting the hidden faults of other transformer substations.
A220 kV transformer substation plans to develop overhaul of a 220kV2 circuit breaker II bus-side disconnecting switch, and a schematic diagram of main wiring of a 220kV part is shown in FIG. 5. The hot spare of 220kV1 # circuit breaker is used for 220kV I section bus before an accident, and 220kV2 # circuit breaker is in a maintenance state. After the 220kV II bus load is transferred to a 220kV I bus by an operator, the 220kV bus coupler 5 circuit breaker is disconnected by a dispatching order, the 220kV bus incoming line is automatically switched to move to trip out the 220kV 4 circuit breaker and the 3 circuit breaker, the outlet is switched to move to trip out the 1 circuit breaker, then the 1 circuit is switched to move to trip out the 1 circuit breaker by the double-set protection distance manual switching acceleration, so that the 220kV incoming line of the 220kV transformer substation is disconnected, and the total station is in voltage loss.
After the circuit breaker divides and shuts CSWI and sends the tripping command to circuit breaker XCBR.1 No. 5, show according to the trouble record wave, merge unit voltage and current and change, I, II section generating line PT secondary voltage all reduce to about 50% UN and the two wave forms are identical completely this moment.
Simple representation of varying the virtual terminal expression with merging units as
A holding time T1(T1 is a secondary idle-switch tripping time determined according to idle-switch operation characteristics, where T1 is set to 6000.0ms), and the merging unit current-voltage transformer signal is interrupted;
simple representation of varying the virtual terminal expression with merging units as
From the analysis of the fault process, a modified timing schedule for the test apparatus is obtained, as shown in table 3, with the trigger event on the left, where T1-6000.0 ms indicates a time interval of 6000ms from the previous event.
TABLE 3 Secondary Voltage parallel Fault
The waveform corresponding to the bus voltage of the first and second segments in the SV message sent by the bus merging unit is shown in fig. 6. As can be seen from the fault oscillogram, at T0 (start test), the bus voltage of the I and II sections is reduced to 50% UNAnd the waveforms of the two are completely consistent, and after a time interval of T1, the bus voltage of the I section and the II section is changed into 0.
(2) Analysis of test results
And checking whether the spare power automatic switching logic is correct, wherein the switch of the main power supply circuit is in the closed position and the circuit has pressure, and the locking of the spare power automatic switching is regarded as the correct action condition.
If the monitoring device receives an action message of the spare power automatic switching device, the bus protection or the line protection, the action logic of the device has a problem, and the testing and checking of the action logic of the device are stopped.
The conventional test items are used for simulating the symmetrical or asymmetrical faults of a primary system and testing whether the protection functions of a protection device such as differential protection, distance protection, zero-sequence overcurrent protection and the like are normal or not, and the faults of a secondary system cannot be simulated, so that the hidden faults cannot be tested by a conventional relay protection tester.
Monitoring the output message of the protection device, collecting the action information through the test platform, and the operator does not need to acquire the tripping feedback message from the transformer substation monitoring background to confirm the action correctness, so long as whether the hidden fault exists in the protection system is analyzed according to the information fed back by the test platform.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
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| CN110703029A (en) | 2020-01-17 |
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