Ratchet assembly of ratchet type automatic compensation device of industrial brake
Technical Field
The invention relates to a ratchet type automatic compensation device of an industrial brake, in particular to a ratchet assembly of the ratchet type automatic compensation device for the industrial brake.
Background
Industrial brakes are widely used in various mechanical equipment such as lifting, belt transportation, port loading and unloading, metallurgy and the like, and are used for stopping braking and maintaining braking states of various mechanical transmissions. Since the brake pads are consumable, there are situations where the brake pads wear out during use, which to some extent would lead to a failure of the braking function of the brake. The automatic compensation device solves the problems that firstly, the brake pull rod of the brake is frequently adjusted by manual frequent maintenance, and secondly, the automatic compensation device for compensating the abrasion of the brake pad is used. Manual maintenance can not meet the requirements of high efficiency, reliability, automation and the like in modern industrial production, but the existing unidirectional bearing type compensation device has the problems of over compensation or no compensation, fine adjustment by professionals and the like, and can not be widely applied to industrial brakes. In the patent of the utility model of 'an automatic compensation device of an industrial drum brake' (application number: 201320388304.0) and 'an automatic compensation device and a brake using the same' (application number: 200420068957.1), an automatic compensation device using a ratchet mode is disclosed, the device is composed of a ratchet assembly, a deflector rod assembly, a lever, a brake frame and the like, wherein the ratchet assembly further comprises a ratchet, a square pin, a brake pull rod, a lock nut and the like, and the deflector rod assembly comprises a spring, a pawl or a deflector sheet, a support or a sleeve and the like. The ratchet wheel is arranged in two modes, namely, the ratchet wheel and the square pin form a rotating pair through a shaft shoulder and a locking nut, the ratchet wheel is connected with the brake pull rod through a thread pair, and the ratchet wheel and the brake pull rod are fixedly connected into a whole, and then the rotating pair is formed through the shaft shoulder of the brake pull rod, the locking nut and the square pin. The compensation device is provided with the brake, is used without on-site adjustment, has good compensation effect when parts are not damaged, and is gradually accepted by users. The utility model relates to a deflector rod component of a ratchet type compensation device of an industrial brake (application number: 201510725151.8), which improves the deflector rod component part of an automatic compensation device and achieves the effect of popularization and application. However, the ratchet part of the disclosed ratchet type automatic compensation device is limited by the structural dimensions and the like which are required to be matched with each other in the compensation action, and each kinematic pair is basically in a bare state, so that technical means such as vibration prevention, dust prevention, rust prevention and the like are lacked, serious faults such as blocking and rust death exist in the ratchet and a thread pair for compensation in field use, even the problem of over compensation exists, the effect of realizing automatic compensation without manual maintenance cannot be achieved, and popularization and application of the ratchet type automatic compensation device are hindered. The problem of the stable operation of ratchet subassembly is solved to through the supporting application with aforesaid driving lever subassembly, just can reach the application effect that realizes the industrial brake of true meaning and exempt from manual maintenance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of vibration prevention, clamping and rust death of the ratchet type automatic compensation device of the industrial brake, and the improved structure is adopted to achieve the long-term stable use effect of the ratchet type automatic compensation device.
The technical scheme includes that the ratchet assembly of the ratchet type automatic compensation device of the industrial brake comprises a ratchet, wherein a ratchet shaft, a ratchet shaft shoulder and ratchet teeth are arranged outside the ratchet, a ratchet central hole is formed in the ratchet, ratchet internal threads are formed in corresponding positions in the ratchet shaft, the ratchet assembly further comprises a protection tube, a set screw and a square pin, the square pin is provided with a square pin hole, the ratchet shaft penetrates through the Fang Xiaokong and is connected with the protection tube in a shaft and hole mode, the set screw is used for fastening the protection tube on the ratchet shaft, the ratchet is axially positioned by the ratchet shaft shoulder, the rear end face of the protection tube is attached to the side face of the square pin, the square pin is arranged on a lever, the brake pull rod is connected with the ratchet through the inner threads after the ratchet shaft penetrates through the square pin hole, the other end of the brake pull rod is fixedly connected with a pin shaft of the brake arm, the ratchet assembly further comprises a protection tube cover arranged at the front end of the protection tube and is connected with the ratchet through the ratchet shaft in a shaft and a hole, the ratchet central hole is formed between the ratchet cover and the ratchet central hole of the ratchet tube, and the ratchet central hole is formed between the ratchet cover and the ratchet central hole of the ratchet tube.
Further, the square pin is provided with a square pin counter bore, and a sealing ring is arranged in the square pin counter bore.
Further, the ratchet wheel is provided with a lubrication hole and a lubrication groove in the matching range of the ratchet wheel shaft and the square pin hole, and the lubrication hole and the lubrication groove are communicated with the ratchet wheel cavity.
Further, the length of the ratchet cavity, the length of the protective tube cavity and the length of the protective tube cover are larger than the length of the compensating thread on the brake pull rod.
The action principle of the invention is that the brake pull rod is fixed and does not rotate when the brake works, the ratchet wheel component is limited by the structure and the assembly relation after being assembled, and the ratchet wheel rotation is only controlled by the deflector rod component, thus effectively avoiding the influence of the vibration of the equipment where the brake is positioned and the brake, further ensuring the operation accuracy of the ratchet wheel component and avoiding the generation of the overcompensation problem. When the ratchet wheel component and the deflector rod component are installed on a brake and put into use, the deflector rod of the deflector rod component drives the ratchet wheel to rotate along with the automatic compensation, the external thread of the brake pull rod gradually stretches into the ratchet wheel cavity, the volume of the ratchet wheel cavity is gradually reduced while the compensation action is completed, the lubricating grease added in the ratchet wheel cavity is extruded into the matching surfaces of the ratchet wheel shaft and the square pin hole through a lubricating hole and a lubricating groove, the lubrication of a rotating pair formed by the ratchet wheel shaft and the square pin hole is completed, and the lubricating grease is prevented from losing through a sealing ring in a square pin counter bore. When the brake pad is worn and needs to be replaced, the lubricating grease is added in the cavity again.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. Because the original automatic compensation device is used for fixing the ratchet wheel on the brake pull rod or arranging the compensation thread on the ratchet wheel tooth position, and the automatic pull rod rotates during compensation, vibration is transmitted to the ratchet wheel and causes the change of the circumferential position of the ratchet wheel tooth, and the accuracy of compensation operation is affected. The invention fixes the brake pull rod, and simultaneously utilizes the mutual restriction and good lubrication of all parts of the ratchet wheel assembly, thereby effectively avoiding the influence of vibration on the automatic compensation device, eliminating the problem of over compensation and ensuring the long-term stable operation of the automatic compensation device.
2. And more importantly, when the brake mechanism is used for running to automatically compensate, the lubricating grease is continuously added to the matching surface of the ratchet shaft and the square pin hole for a long time by using the compensation action, so that the ratchet is ensured to run flexibly, and the ratchet is prevented from being blocked due to rust and other reasons.
3. The brake pull rod compensation screw thread is arranged in the protective tube, lubricating grease is added in the cavity of the protective tube, external dust can be prevented from adhering to the brake pull rod compensation screw thread while flexible operation of the compensation screw thread is ensured, and water, dust, corrosive gas and the like are prevented from rusting the brake pull rod compensation screw thread, so that the situation that compensation failure is caused by choking, clamping and the like is avoided.
4. The structural treatment of the ratchet wheel component not only well meets the requirements of the brake on various environmental conditions, geometric dimensions, installation dimensions and the like of the compensation mechanism, but also can be well matched with a poking rod component (application number: 201510725151.8) of a ratchet wheel type compensation device of an industrial brake, thereby completely solving the problem of automatic compensation of the industrial brake.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an assembly view of a ratchet assembly.
FIG. 2 is a diagram of ratchet parts.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 2.
FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the B-B of FIG. 2.
FIG. 5 is a block diagram.
FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line C-C of FIG. 5.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a ratchet type automatic compensation device.
FIG. 8 is an embodiment of a brake incorporating the ratchet assembly of the present invention.
In the figure, the names of the parts corresponding to the serial numbers are described as follows:
the components comprise a ratchet wheel component 1, a deflector rod component 2, a lever 3 and a brake frame 4;
The ratchet assembly comprises the components of a brake pull rod 11, a protective tube cover 12, a protective tube 13, a set screw 14, a sealing ring 15, a square pin 16, a ratchet 17 and a ratchet cover 18.
The identification of the structural features of the components in the figures is described as follows:
Ratchet cavity 19, shield cavity 20, compensating thread length L, ratchet cavity length K, shield cavity and shield cap length M, ratchet internal threads 171, lubrication groove 172, ratchet shaft 173, ratchet teeth 174, ratchet central bore 175, ratchet shoulder 176, lubrication bore 177, square pin counterbore 161, square pin bore 162, square pin stub shaft 163.
Detailed Description
The main structural features and the principle of action of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 2, 3 and 4 show the structural characteristics of the ratchet 17, wherein one end of the ratchet 17 is provided with a ratchet shaft 173, the other end is provided with ratchet teeth 174, a ratchet shaft shoulder 176 is arranged between the ratchet shaft 173 and the ratchet teeth 174, the center of the ratchet 17 is provided with a through hole, the through hole is coaxial with the ratchet shaft 173 and the ratchet teeth 174, one end of the through hole is provided with a ratchet internal thread 171, the other end is provided with a ratchet central hole 175, and a lubricating hole 177 and a lubricating groove 172 are arranged on the ratchet shaft 173 in the matching range of the ratchet shaft 173 and the square pin hole 162 and are communicated with the ratchet central hole 175.
Fig. 5 and 6 show the structural characteristics of the square pin 16, wherein the square pin 16 has a short shaft 163 at both ends and a square in the middle, a square pin hole 162 is formed in the middle square in a direction perpendicular to the short shaft 163, and a square pin counter bore 161 is formed at one end of the square pin hole 162.
FIG. 1 is an assembled view of the ratchet assembly of the present invention. The ratchet assembly 1 comprises a brake pull rod 11, a protective tube cover 12, a protective tube 13, a set screw 14, a sealing ring 15, a square pin 16, a ratchet 17 and a ratchet cover 18. The assembling relationship is that a ratchet shaft 173 passes through a square pin hole 162 in a clearance fit manner, is connected with a protection tube 13 in a shaft and hole clearance fit manner, the protection tube 13 is fastened on the ratchet shaft 173 by a set screw 14, a ratchet 17 is axially positioned by a ratchet shaft shoulder 176, the rear end surface of the protection tube 13 is jointed with the side surface of a square pin 16, an external thread is arranged at the end part of a brake pull rod 11, the length of a compensating thread used for lining abrasion is L, the brake pull rod 11 is connected with a ratchet internal thread 171 through the external thread, the other end of the brake pull rod 11 is fixedly connected with a pin shaft of the brake arm, a ratchet cover 18 is arranged at the tail end of the ratchet central hole 175 in an interference fit manner, a protection tube cover 12 is arranged at the front end of the protection tube 13 in an interference fit manner, a sealing ring 15 is arranged in a square pin counter bore 161, two sides of the sealing ring 15 are tightly jointed with the square pin counter bore 161 and the rear end surface of the protection tube 13, and the inner circle of the sealing ring 15 is tightly jointed with the ratchet shaft 173. After assembly, ratchet 17, ratchet cover 18, brake lever 11 form ratchet cavity 19 within ratchet central bore 175, and shield cover 12, shield 13, brake lever 11, ratchet 17 form shield cavity 20 within the shield. The ratchet assembly 1 is assembled and integrally attached to the lever 3 by a dowel pin stub 163.
It should be noted that, in fig. 7, the lever assembly 2, the lever 3, etc. are not within the scope of the present invention, and are indicated by two-dot chain lines.
Referring to fig. 1 and 7, the principle of action of the invention is that the impact of vibration on ratchet operation can be effectively avoided because the brake pull rod 11 is fixed and not rotated and the ratchet assembly 1 is limited by the structure and the friction resistance between parts generated after assembly. After the ratchet assembly 1 is assembled, the ratchet 17, the protective tube 12 and the like can synchronously rotate in the square pin hole 162 but cannot axially move, lubricating grease is added in the ratchet cavity 19 and the protective tube cavity 20, when compensation is not needed, the lever 3 drives the deflector rod assembly 1 to slide between teeth of the ratchet teeth 174 in the swinging process, when a lining is worn and needs to be compensated, the lever 3 drives the deflector rod assembly 1 to stir the ratchet 17 in the rising swinging process, the ratchet 17 rotates by one tooth pitch, the brake pull rod 11 does not rotate when the brake works, so that compensation action is realized by tightening the external threads of the brake pull rod 11 and the internal threads 171 of the ratchet, the external threads of the brake pull rod 11 gradually extend into the ratchet cavity 19, the volume of the ratchet cavity 19 gradually decreases, the purposes of lubrication and rust prevention are achieved by extruding the lubricating grease into the matching surfaces of the ratchet 17 and the square pin 16 through the lubricating hole 177 and the lubricating groove 172, the ratchet is guaranteed to be flexible in running, the square pin counter bore 161 is provided with the sealing ring 15, the ratchet shaft 173 and the rear end face of the protective tube 13 in a tight fit mode and prevents loss of the brake pull rod, and the compensating lubricating grease is corroded and has corrosion resistance to the compensating threads of the external threads of the brake pull rod is also realized in the protective tube cavity 20.
As shown in fig. 1, the length of the compensating thread of the brake pull rod is L, the length of the ratchet cavity is K, the lengths of the protective tube cavity and the protective tube cover are M, K and M are greater than L, the compensating thread is placed in the closed cavity, and meanwhile, the brake pull rod 11 is not blocked in running during the service life of the brake pad.
When the brake lining is replaced, the brake lever 11 can be unscrewed and the grease can be replenished.
The structure of the invention does not exclude the change of the part local structure and the assembly means which meet the functional requirements, such as changing the ratchet cover into a detachable mode, changing the protective tube and the ratchet shaft into screw thread pair connection, and the like.
Example 1 referring to fig. 8, when the present invention is applied to a drum brake or a conical surface brake, the ratchet assembly 1 is fitted into a pin hole of the brake lever 3 through a square pin short shaft 163, and the other end of the brake rod 11 is fixedly coupled to a pin shaft of the brake arm. The brake frame 4 of this embodiment includes components such as brake arms, springs, pushers, brake shoes, and a base. When the pusher pushes the lever 3 to swing, the deflector rod assembly 2 can stir the ratchet 17 of the ratchet assembly 1 to rotate, and the effects of flexible operation and stable compensation of the mechanism are continuously ensured for a long time through good lubrication and the constraint of mutual assembly of parts.
Example 2 when the invention is used in an electric hydraulic disc brake, the ratchet assembly 1 is mounted on the brake lever 3 and operates in the same manner as in example 1.