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CN110699528B - 一种弹簧钢板制备方法 - Google Patents

一种弹簧钢板制备方法 Download PDF

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CN110699528B
CN110699528B CN201911099857.2A CN201911099857A CN110699528B CN 110699528 B CN110699528 B CN 110699528B CN 201911099857 A CN201911099857 A CN 201911099857A CN 110699528 B CN110699528 B CN 110699528B
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冯以盛
单小伟
许金兵
邢晓红
刘焕宝
程祥
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Shandong Lianmei Spring Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种新型弹簧钢板制备方法，属于弹簧制备工艺领域。所述的新型弹簧钢板制备方法，首先将弹簧钢板以1.0‑1.5min/mm的速度加热到860‑890℃；其次对弹簧钢板进行热锻成需要的形状；再次将成型后的弹簧钢板置于压缩空气当中并以7‑105℃/s的速度空冷，直到弹簧钢板温度达到350‑500℃；然后再以25—50℃/min的速度冷却到室温(<100℃)，再将弹簧钢板在控制在250‑350℃之间回火45‑60分钟，接下来进行水冷；最后将弹簧钢板进行喷丸处理，喷丸覆盖率达92％以上。该方法不仅减少热处理油淬火的污染，而且大幅提高了弹簧钢板的性能。

Description

一种弹簧钢板制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种弹簧钢板制备方法，属于弹簧制备工艺领域。
背景技术
弹簧钢是制备弹簧、板簧等弹性元件的原材料，因弹簧是在冲击、振动或长期交应力下使用，所以要求弹簧钢具有高的抗拉强度、弹性极限、高的疲劳强度。在工艺上要求弹簧钢有一定的淬透性、不易脱碳、表面质量好等特性，弹簧钢板制备工艺是限制板簧性能的关键因素。
目前常用的弹簧钢板制备工艺主要包括热轧弹簧钢板、剪切、变截面、卷耳、成型热处理、喷丸、组装等工艺流程，其中在成型热处理阶段，传统的工艺流程包括加热、成型、淬火入油和回火四个方面。该方法不仅易导致弹簧钢板变形断裂，而且具有污染严重、成本高、危险系数大等缺点。基于此，迫切需求一种弹簧钢板制备方法来提高弹簧钢板的性能。
发明内容
基于以上传统工艺方法在弹簧钢板制备过程中所存在的缺点，本发明专利公布了一种弹簧钢板制备方法，为提高弹簧钢板的性能提供关键技术支撑。其技术方案为：
本发明所述的弹簧钢板制备技术主要包括热轧弹簧钢板、剪切、变截面、卷耳、成型热处理、喷丸、组装等工艺流程，其中成型热处理主要包括加热、成型和空冷工艺流程，省略了淬火入油工艺。
所述的弹簧钢板为中碳合金钢，主要元素组成如表所示。
Figure GDA0003082009230000011
所述的弹簧钢板为制备板簧的基础材料。
所述的空冷是将成型后的弹簧钢板置于压缩空气当中并以25-35℃/min的速度空冷，直到弹簧钢板温度达到450-500℃，再以25—50℃/min的速度冷却到室温(<100℃)。可形成粒状贝氏体弹簧钢，提高弹簧钢的性能。
所述的空冷等温温度必须稍高于上贝氏体的形成温度而又低于珠光体转变温度。
本发明专利与现有的技术相比其优点在于：
1、本发明所述的弹簧钢板制备技术主要包括热轧弹簧钢板、剪切、变截面、卷耳、成型热处理、喷丸、组装等工艺流程，其中成型热处理主要包括加热、成型和空冷工艺流程，省略了热处理油淬火，大幅度提高弹簧钢片的制备效率；
2、采用空冷工艺形成的粒状贝氏体弹簧钢性能优于传统工艺中的马氏体弹簧钢；
3、与传统的淬火入油和回火工艺相比，空冷工艺的弹簧钢板有更好的强韧性。
4、与传统的热处理油淬火和回火工艺相比，空冷粒状贝氏体工艺环保，更易实现自动化生产
附图说明
图1淬火入油弹簧钢片放大图
图2空冷粒状贝氏体弹簧钢片放大图500X
具体实施方式
为进一步说明本发明专利的实用性，本发明将结合实施例对其做进一步说明。
本发明所述的弹簧钢板制备技术主要包括热轧弹簧钢板、剪切、变截面、卷耳、成型热处理、喷丸、组装等工艺流程，其中成型热处理主要包括加热、成型和空冷工艺流程，省略了淬火入油和回火工艺。
(1)弹簧钢板成型工艺流程如下所示：
步骤一：将弹簧钢板以1.0-1.5min/mm的速度加热到860-890℃；
步骤二：对弹簧钢板进行处理形成需要的形状；
步骤三：将成型后的弹簧钢板置于压缩空气当中并以25-35℃/min的速度空冷，直到弹簧钢板温度达到450-500℃；再以25—50℃/min的速度冷却到室温(<100℃)。
步骤四：将弹簧钢板在控制在250-350℃之间回火45-60分钟，接下来进行水冷；
步骤五：将弹簧钢板进行喷丸处理，喷丸覆盖率达92％以上。
弹簧钢的组成成分如表1所示
(2)试件A为淬火入油的60Si2MnA弹簧钢，为实施例A。
试件B为淬火入油的50CrV弹簧钢，为实施例B。
试件C为粒状贝氏体弹簧钢，是通过空冷工艺处理的弹簧钢，为实施例C。
试验结果见表1
表1试验结果
Figure GDA0003082009230000021
(3)分别将试件A、试件B和试件C在相同的条件下进行疲劳试验，结果如下：
A：90543次断裂
B：120338次断裂
C：251762次断裂
(4)分别将试件A、试件B和试件C在相同的条件下进行抗拉试验，结果如下：
A：1003Mpa
B：1030Mpa
C：1300Mpa
(5)分别将试件A、试件B和试件C在相同的条件下进行残余屈服强度试验，结果如下：
A：960Mpa
B：985Mpa
C：1150Mpa

Claims (1)

1.一种弹簧钢板制备方法，其特征在于，弹簧钢板制备工艺主要包括热轧弹簧钢板、剪切、变截面、卷耳、成型热处理、喷丸、组装工艺流程，其中，成型热处理包括以下工艺流程：
步骤一：将弹簧钢板以1.0-1.5min/mm的速度加热到860-890℃；
步骤二：对弹簧钢板进行处理形成需要的形状；
步骤三：将成型后的弹簧钢板置于压缩空气当中并以25-35℃/min的速度空冷，直到弹簧钢板温度达到450-500℃；再以25—50℃/min的速度冷却到室温；
步骤四：将弹簧钢板控制在250-350℃之间回火45-60分钟，接下来进行水冷；
步骤五：将弹簧钢板进行喷丸处理，喷丸覆盖率达92％以上；
所述的弹簧钢板为中碳合金钢，主要元素组成如下：
C 0.42-0.52wt％，Si 0.17-0.45wt％，Mn 0.90-1.20wt％，S<0.030wt％，P<0.030wt％，Cr 0.90-1.20wt％，Mo 0.17-0.30wt％，V 0.10-0.25wt％，Nb 0.025-0.04wt％，Ni<0.35wt％；
所述的空冷等温温度必须稍高于上贝氏体的形成温度而又低于珠光体转变温度。
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JPH0641631A (ja) * 1992-07-23 1994-02-15 Kobe Steel Ltd ばねの強化方法
JP5250609B2 (ja) * 2010-11-11 2013-07-31 日本発條株式会社 高強度ばね用鋼、高強度ばねの製造方法及び高強度ばね
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CN106282807A (zh) * 2016-08-17 2017-01-04 安徽红桥金属制造有限公司 一种高碳热轧弹簧钢板及其处理工艺
CN106636908B (zh) * 2016-12-30 2018-08-14 燕山大学 一种纳米贝氏体弹簧钢及其制备方法
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