CN110695489A - Composite steel plate welding method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for welding composite steel plates, which is used in the field of welding stainless steel composite plates, wherein the composite plates are explosive welding composite plates, the base material of the composite plates is Q345R, and the composite material is 316L heat-resistant stainless steel, and the method comprises the following steps: groove machining; cleaning a groove and combining plates; welding the base layer on the double-layer side; welding the transition layer; welding the multiple layers; the back surface base layer is welded, and the stainless steel composite plate welded by the process avoids the occurrence of fragile tissues in the welding process of the composite plate, prevents welding cracks, improves the welding quality of the composite plate and improves the welding efficiency of the composite plate.

Description

A kind of composite steel plate welding method

technical field

The invention relates to a welding method for composite steel plates, which is mainly used in the welding of stainless steel composite plates and other fields to ensure the welding seam quality and welding efficiency of the composite plates.

Background technique

Stainless steel clad plates, especially heat-resistant stainless steel clad plates, are made of heat-resistant stainless steel and ordinary carbon steel Q345R, etc. through explosive welding to make pressure vessels used in high temperature conditions. The anti-corrosion performance can also exert the strength and toughness of ordinary carbon steel, and can also reduce the material cost compared with the use of pure thickened heat-resistant steel to make pressure vessels. How to improve the quality and welding efficiency of composite plate welds is a relatively complex system engineering.

The welding of clad plates belongs to the welding of dissimilar materials, and the welding of dissimilar materials adopts layered welding, but the transition layer welding is required between the cladding layer and the base material layer. It is easy to form brittle structures such as martensite, resulting in cracks during the welding process or the subsequent high temperature and high pressure use process and the failure of the weld. Therefore, in order to ensure the quality of the weld, most of the welding methods currently used are manual manual welding, which requires manual welding. High-level skilled welding workers welding, high requirements for skilled workers, low efficiency of pure manual welding, and a small number of high-tech welders, these factors limit the efficiency of heat-resistant steel clad plate welding and the guarantee of weld quality.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is aimed at the shortcomings of the above-mentioned composite plate welding process, and develops a composite plate welding method which is beneficial to ensure the quality of the welding seam and greatly improves the welding efficiency.

According to the above goals, in order to improve the welding efficiency, this welding method adopts a combination of manual welding and automatic welding. For the welding of thicker substrates, except for the bottoming, which is manually welded, the rest of the substrates are welded with faster welding speed. , the submerged arc automatic welding process that the weld quality is easy to be guaranteed, and the welding of the transition layer and the cladding weld with high requirements on the weld quality is performed by manual welding, and the specific transition layer welding material and welding process are used. parameters, reduce the diffusion of substrate components, and fully isolate the substrate and composite materials to prevent the formation of harmful structures such as martensite.

A concrete technical scheme that realizes the present invention is:

A method for welding a composite steel plate, the method comprising the following steps: (a) groove processing: using a plasma cutting machine to process the composite plate into a symmetrical X-shaped groove, the groove angle is 60±1°; (b) groove Cleaning and plate combination: After the groove processing is completed, use a grinder to polish the groove to remove surface impurities and surface heat-affected layers, and then assemble different composite plates and fix them by spot welding; (c) Base welding: The backing seam (3) of the composite material side adopts manual arc welding. After the backing is completed, the grinding machine polishes the surface of the welding seam to a bright and smooth surface, and then uses submerged arc automatic welding to fill the welding seam of the composite material side substrate ( 4) Filling, the filling height is 1.5-2mm lower than the bottom of the cladding; (d) Welding of the transition layer: Use the transition layer electrode to manually weld the transition layer weld (5), and the height of the welding seam is 1-2mm higher than the bottom of the cladding layer ; (e) cladding welding: manual welding is used to weld the cladding, and the height of the cladding seam (6) is 1 to 2 mm higher than the top of the cladding; (f) backside welding of the base layer: the cladding plate is turned over and ground with a grinding wheel The bottom of the welding seam is made bright and smooth, and then high-current submerged arc automatic welding is used to fill the welding seam (7) of the base material on the back of the composite material, and the height of the welding seam is 1-2 mm higher than the top of the base material.

In the stainless steel composite plate, the thickness of the cladding layer is 0.5-5.0 mm, the cladding layer material is 316L, the thickness of the base layer is 4.0-22.0 mm, and the base layer material is Q345R.

The groove gap is 0-3mm, and the blunt edge size is 3-4mm.

The base material on the side of the composite material is used for manual welding with J507 electrode. Bake at 350°C for 2 hours before welding. During welding, the welding current is 250A~400A, the welding voltage is 28~32V, the welding speed is 300~450mm/Min, and the dry extension Length 15 ~ 25mm.

The base material on the composite material side fills the weld (4), adopts submerged arc automatic welding, and uses H08A welding wire as the welding material. During welding, the welding current is 350A~500A, the welding voltage is 28~32V, the welding speed is 400~600mm/Min, and the dry extension The length is 20-30mm, and the height of flux distribution is 20-30mm.

The transition layer on the composite material side is welded by hand with CHS102 electrode, baked at 300℃ for 2 hours before welding, the welding current is 400A~500A, the welding voltage is 28~32V, the welding speed is 300~400mm/Min, and the dry elongation is 15~ 25mm.

For multi-layer welding, use A022 electrode for manual welding, bake at 300℃ for 2 hours before welding, welding current is 400A~500A, welding voltage is 28~32V, welding speed is 300~400mm/Min, and dry elongation is 20~30mm.

Back base welding, using submerged arc automatic welding, welding material using H08A wire, welding current 350A ~ 500A, welding voltage 28 ~ 32V, welding speed 400 ~ 600mm/Min, dry elongation 20 ~ 30mm, flux distribution height 20 ~30mm.

Compared with the current heat-resistant steel composite plate welding method, the present invention has the following effects:

1. The substrate with larger thickness is welded by automatic submerged arc welding, and the welding efficiency is high;

2. The transition layer and cladding welding with strict welding quality requirements adopts manual welding, which is easy to ensure the welding quality of the transition layer and the cladding;

3. The selection of welding materials and welding process for the transition layer is beneficial to prevent the diffusion and aggregation of elements in the weld, and can reduce and avoid the formation of harmful structures in the weld.

Description of drawings:

Accompanying drawing 1 is a kind of composite plate welding seam sectional view of the present invention:

In the figure: 1—composite material; 2—base material; 3—composite material side backing weld; 4—composite material side base material filling weld; 5—transition layer weld; 6—composite material weld; 7— Welds on the back of the composite material.

Detailed ways:

Taking the 4mm316L+18mmQ345R composite plate as an example, the welding of the composite plate welding seam includes the following steps:

1. Use a plasma cutting machine to process the composite board into a symmetrical X-shaped groove, the groove angle is 60±1°, the groove gap is 2mm, and the blunt edge size is 4mm.

2. The base material on the side of the composite material is used for manual welding with J507 electrode, and the electrode is baked at 350°C for 2 hours before welding. The welding current is 250A~400A, the welding voltage is 28~32V, and the welding speed is 300~450mm/Min. , The dry elongation is 15-25mm. After the primer is completed, knock off the coating, and use an angle grinder to polish the weld to be flat and smooth.

3. The base material on the composite material side is welded by filling the weld (4), using submerged arc automatic welding, the welding material is H08A welding wire, the welding current is 350A~500A, the welding voltage is 28~32V, and the welding speed is 400~600mm/Min , The dry elongation length is 20-30mm, the flux distribution height is 20-30mm, and the welding height is 2mm lower than the bottom of the composite material.

4. The transition layer on the composite side is welded by hand with CHS102 electrode, baked at 300℃ for 2 hours before welding, the welding current is 400A~500A, the welding voltage is 28~32V, the welding speed is 300~400mm/Min, and the dry elongation is 15-25mm, after welding, the height of the transition layer weld is 1mm higher than the bottom of the composite material.

5. Multilayer welding, manual welding with A022 electrode, baking at 300℃ for 2 hours before welding, welding current 400A~500A, welding voltage 28~32V, welding speed 300~400mm/Min, dry elongation length 20~30mm, After the welding is completed, the height of the welding seam of the composite material is 1.5-2mm higher than that of the composite material.

6. Welding on the back of the base layer, using submerged arc automatic welding, welding material using H08A welding wire, welding current 350A ~ 500A, welding voltage 28 ~ 32V, welding speed 400 ~ 600mm/Min, dry elongation 20 ~ 30mm, flux dispersion The height is 20-30mm. After the welding is completed, the height of the welding seam of the base material is 1.5-2mm higher than that of the base material.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the scope of the present invention. within the scope of protection.

Claims (7)

1. a composite steel plate welding method, it is characterized in that this method comprises the steps: (a) groove processing: adopt plasma cutting machine to process composite plate into symmetrical type X-shaped groove, and groove angle is 60 ± 1 °; (b) Bevel cleaning and plate combination: After the bevel is processed, the bevel is polished with a grinder to remove the surface impurities and the surface heat-affected layer, and then the different composite plates are assembled and fixed by spot welding; (c) ) Base welding on the cladding side: The backing seam (3) on the composite material side adopts manual arc welding. After the backing is completed, the grinder grinds the surface of the weld to be bright and smooth, and then uses submerged arc automatic welding to carry out the composite material side foundation. The material-filled weld (4) is filled, and the filling height is 1.5 to 2 mm lower than the bottom of the cladding layer; (d) Welding of transition layer: the transition layer weld (5) is manually welded with a transition layer electrode, and the height of the welding seam is higher than that of the cladding layer. The bottom of the layer is 1-2mm; (e) Welding of the cladding: Manual welding is used to weld the cladding, and the height of the cladding seam (6) is 1-2mm higher than the top of the cladding; The bottom of the welding seam is polished with a grinding wheel to make it bright and smooth, and then high-current submerged arc automatic welding is used to fill the welding seam (7) of the base material on the back of the composite material, and the height of the welding seam is 1-2 mm higher than the top of the base material. The thickness of the cladding in the board is 0.5-5.0mm, and the thickness of the base layer is 4.0-22.0mm. 2 . The welding method of a composite steel plate according to claim 1 , wherein the groove gap is 0-3 mm, and the blunt edge size is 3-4 mm. 3 . 3. the welding method of a kind of composite steel plate according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the base material of the cladding side makes the weld seam, adopts J507 welding rod hand welding, 350 ℃ of welding rods are baked for 2 hours before welding, when welding The welding current is 250A~400A, the welding voltage is 28~32V, the welding speed is 300~450mm/Min, and the dry elongation is 15~25mm. 4. The welding method of a composite steel plate according to claim 1, characterized in that the base material on the composite material side fills the welding seam (4), adopts submerged arc automatic welding, and the welding material adopts H08A welding wire, and the welding current is used during welding. 350A～500A, welding voltage 28～32V, welding speed 400～600mm/Min, dry elongation length 20～30mm, flux spreading height 20～30mm. 5. The welding method of a composite steel plate according to claim 1, characterized in that the transition layer on the composite material side is welded by hand welding with CHS102 electrode, and the electrode is baked at 300°C for 2 hours before welding, and the welding current is 400A～ 500A, welding voltage 28～32V, welding speed 300～400mm/Min, dry elongation 15～25mm. 6. The welding method of a composite steel plate according to claim 1, characterized in that the cladding welding is performed by hand welding with A022 electrode, and the electrode is baked at 300° C. for 2 hours before welding, and the welding current is 400A～500A during welding, and the welding voltage 28～32V, welding speed 300～400mm/Min, dry elongation length 20～30mm. 7. The welding method of a composite steel plate according to claim 1, characterized in that the backside base layer is welded by automatic submerged arc welding, the welding material is H08A welding wire, the welding current is 350A～500A, and the welding voltage is 28～32V , The welding speed is 400-600mm/Min, the dry elongation is 20-30mm, and the flux distribution height is 20-30mm.

Images