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CN110689398A - Residential micro-grid power transaction management system based on block chain - Google Patents

Residential micro-grid power transaction management system based on block chain Download PDF

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CN110689398A
CN110689398A CN201910807479.2A CN201910807479A CN110689398A CN 110689398 A CN110689398 A CN 110689398A CN 201910807479 A CN201910807479 A CN 201910807479A CN 110689398 A CN110689398 A CN 110689398A
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周开乐
种杰
杨善林
温露露
陆信辉
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Abstract

本发明提供一种基于区块链的居民微电网电力交易管理系统，涉及智能用电技术领域。本发明的系统包括若干个居民购售电模块、信用管理模块、智能合约模块、数据加密模块和基础网络模块，若干个居民购售电模块通过基础网络模块实现电力交易。与现有的电力交易管理系统相比，本发明引入信用管理模块，当用户违约时会以增加该用户等待时间的方式降低订单优先级，对其进行惩罚，提高违约成本，保障电力成功交易，提高交易效率和系统稳定性。

Figure 201910807479

The invention provides a block chain-based residential microgrid power transaction management system, which relates to the technical field of intelligent power consumption. The system of the present invention includes several residential electricity purchase and sale modules, credit management modules, smart contract modules, data encryption modules and basic network modules, and the several residential electricity purchase and sale modules realize electricity transactions through the basic network modules. Compared with the existing power transaction management system, the present invention introduces a credit management module. When the user defaults, the priority of the order will be reduced by increasing the waiting time of the user, punished, and the cost of breach of contract will be increased to ensure the successful transaction of power. Improve transaction efficiency and system stability.

Figure 201910807479

Description

基于区块链的居民微电网电力交易管理系统Residential microgrid power transaction management system based on blockchain

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及智能用电技术领域，具体涉及一种基于区块链的居民微电网电力交易管理系统。The invention relates to the technical field of intelligent electricity consumption, in particular to a residential microgrid electricity transaction management system based on blockchain.

背景技术Background technique

随着经济社会的高速发展，人们对低碳、清洁、可再生能源的需求不断提高，对能源高效利用也提出更高要求。随着电力体制改革的推进，售电侧市场主体更加多元化。With the rapid development of the economy and society, people's demand for low-carbon, clean and renewable energy is constantly increasing, and higher requirements are also placed on the efficient use of energy. With the advancement of the reform of the power system, the market players on the electricity sales side have become more diversified.

目前现有的电力运营主要以“厂网分开，竞价上网”的模式为主，零售竞争模式的电力运营模式为辅。现有主要零售竞争模式的电力运营是基于区块链的电力交易管理系统。在现有的区块链电力交易管理系统中多包含电力交易模块、管理模块和调度模块，通过模块之间的交互完成点对点的电力交易过程，保证交易过程中的自主性、安全性和透明性。At present, the existing power operation is mainly based on the mode of "separating the factory and the grid and bidding for the Internet", supplemented by the power operation mode of the retail competition mode. The electricity operation of the existing main retail competition model is a blockchain-based electricity transaction management system. The existing blockchain power transaction management system mostly includes a power transaction module, a management module and a scheduling module, and the point-to-point power transaction process is completed through the interaction between the modules to ensure autonomy, security and transparency in the transaction process. .

然而，现有基于区块链的电力交易管理系统中，缺少对用户的信用管理，用户在违约后不会受到相应的惩罚，违约成本低会导致系统中违约现象频发，影响正常电力交易，降低系统的处理效率，最终会导致用户退出电力交易系统。However, in the existing power transaction management system based on blockchain, there is a lack of credit management for users, and users will not be punished accordingly after defaulting. Low default costs will lead to frequent defaults in the system, affecting normal power transactions. Reducing the processing efficiency of the system will eventually cause users to withdraw from the power trading system.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

(一)解决的技术问题(1) Technical problems solved

针对现有技术的不足，本发明提供了一种基于区块链的居民微电网电力交易管理系统，解决了现有的区块链电力交易管理系统中信用管理缺失，违约频发的问题。In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a blockchain-based residential microgrid power transaction management system, which solves the problems of lack of credit management and frequent defaults in the existing blockchain-based power transaction management system.

(二)技术方案(2) Technical solutions

为实现以上目的，本发明通过以下技术方案予以实现：To achieve the above purpose, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

本发明提供一种基于区块链的居民微电网电力交易管理系统，所述系统包括：The present invention provides a blockchain-based residential microgrid power transaction management system, the system comprising:

居民购售电模块，所述居民购售电模块数目为若干个，各个居民购售电模块之间能相互交易，所述居民购售电模块包括：A resident electricity purchase and sale module, the number of the resident electricity purchase and sale modules is several, and each resident electricity purchase and sale module can be traded with each other, and the resident electricity purchase and sale module includes:

数据收集单元，所述数据收集单元用于通过智能电表和传感器从其他单元收集用能信息和储能信息；a data collection unit for collecting energy consumption information and energy storage information from other units through smart meters and sensors;

数据存储单元，所述数据存储单元用于储存数据收集单元的信息，同时存储区块链中的信用记录和合同；a data storage unit, the data storage unit is used to store the information of the data collection unit, and at the same time store the credit records and contracts in the blockchain;

账户管理单元，所述账户管理单元用于：查看用电信息、储能信息、交易记录、信用记录和个人账户信息；发布购电订单和售电订单。An account management unit, the account management unit is used for: viewing electricity consumption information, energy storage information, transaction records, credit records and personal account information; and issuing electricity purchase orders and electricity sales orders.

信用管理模块，所述信用管理模块用于：在用户发布购售电订单时核对区块链中该用户的信用记录，根据用户信用记录调整用户订单的优先级；核对用户的实际交易电量；A credit management module, the credit management module is used to: check the user's credit record in the blockchain when the user issues an electricity purchase and sale order, adjust the priority of the user's order according to the user's credit record; check the user's actual transaction electricity;

智能合约模块，所述智能合约模块用于匹配购售电订单，形成合同，将所述合同记录在区块链中，根据合同调度用户的电力，并将相关费用转入售电用户的账户；A smart contract module, the smart contract module is used to match the electricity purchase and sale orders, form a contract, record the contract in the blockchain, dispatch the user's electricity according to the contract, and transfer the relevant expenses to the account of the electricity seller;

数据加密模块，所述数据加密模块用于将交易过程中出现的信息进行加密；a data encryption module, which is used to encrypt the information that occurs in the transaction process;

基础网络模块，所述基础网络模块用于传输交易信息、信用记录、支付信息和完成电力调度。A basic network module, which is used to transmit transaction information, credit records, payment information and complete power dispatching.

优选的，所述居民购售电模块还包括：Preferably, the residential electricity purchase and sale module further includes:

负载单元，所述负载单元用于消耗电能；a load unit, the load unit is used for consuming electrical energy;

光伏发电单元，所述光伏发电单元将光能转化成电能，为区块链中的居民提供电能；A photovoltaic power generation unit, which converts light energy into electrical energy to provide electrical energy for residents in the blockchain;

储能单元，所述储能单元用于存储电能。An energy storage unit, the energy storage unit is used to store electrical energy.

优选的，在信用管理模块中，所述根据用户信用记录调整用户订单的优先级的方法为：Preferably, in the credit management module, the method for adjusting the priority of the user's order according to the user's credit record is:

以增加等待时间的方式降低上一次交易中出现违约情况用户的订单优先级，等待时间的计算公式包括：Decrease the order priority of users who have defaulted in the last transaction by increasing the waiting time. The calculation formula of the waiting time includes:

Figure BDA0002184052790000031
Figure BDA0002184052790000031

其中，n表示用户违约的次数，i表示用户的第i次违约，m表示用户成功交易的次数，pi表示在第i次违约时合同中的交易价格，qi表示在第i次违约时的违约电量。Among them, n represents the number of user defaults, i represents the user's ith default, m represents the number of successful transactions of the user, pi represents the transaction price in the contract at the ith default, and qi represents the ith default. default power.

优选的，在信用管理模块中，所述核对用户的实际交易电量的方法包括：Preferably, in the credit management module, the method for checking the actual transaction power of the user includes:

信用管理模块会将第j个用户在t0时刻的实际交易电量

Figure BDA0002184052790000032
与合同中规定的交易电量
Figure BDA0002184052790000041
进行核对；The credit management module will calculate the actual transaction power of the jth user at time t 0
Figure BDA0002184052790000032
with the transaction amount specified in the contract
Figure BDA0002184052790000041
check;

若电力调度结束时，

Figure BDA0002184052790000042
交易双方成功交易次数m分别增加1次；若电力调度结束时，
Figure BDA0002184052790000043
信用管理模块会找出违约用户，并将违约用户的违约次数n增加1次，并统计违约电量
Figure BDA0002184052790000044
Figure BDA0002184052790000045
作为违约用户下次订单等待时间的参数。If the power dispatch ends,
Figure BDA0002184052790000042
The number of successful transactions m of both parties increases by 1 respectively; if the power dispatch ends,
Figure BDA0002184052790000043
The credit management module will find out the default user, increase the default number n of the default user by 1, and count the default electricity
Figure BDA0002184052790000044
Figure BDA0002184052790000045
As a parameter for the waiting time of the default user's next order.

优选的，所述智能合约模块包括：Preferably, the smart contract module includes:

订单匹配单元，所述订单匹配单元用于根据订单的价格和电量匹配购售电订单，形成合同；an order matching unit, the order matching unit is used to match the electricity purchase and sale orders according to the price and the electricity quantity of the order to form a contract;

电力调度单元，所述电力调度单元用于在合同形成后按照合同内容将售电用户的电力调度给购电用户；an electric power dispatching unit, which is used for dispatching the electric power of the electricity selling users to the electricity purchasing users according to the content of the contract after the contract is formed;

费用支付单元，所述费用支付单元用于在信用管理模块核对实际转移电量后，将购电费用转移给售电用户。A fee payment unit, the fee payment unit is configured to transfer the electricity purchase fee to the electricity selling user after the credit management module checks the actual transferred electricity quantity.

优选的，所述基础网络模块包括：Preferably, the basic network module includes:

电力传输网络，所述电力传输网络用于电力调度；a power transmission network for power dispatch;

通信信道，所述通信信道用于传输交易信息、信用记录和支付信息。A communication channel used to transmit transaction information, credit records, and payment information.

(三)有益效果(3) Beneficial effects

本发明提供了一种基于区块链的居民微电网电力交易管理系统。与现有技术相比，具备以下有益效果：The invention provides a block chain-based residential microgrid power transaction management system. Compared with the prior art, it has the following beneficial effects:

本发明的系统包括若干个居民购售电模块、信用管理模块、智能合约模块、数据加密模块和基础网络模块，若干个居民购售电模块通过基础网络模块实现电力交易。与现有的电力交易管理系统相比，本发明引入信用管理模块，当用户违约时会以增加该用户等待时间的方式降低订单优先级，对其进行惩罚，提高违约成本，保障电力成功交易，提高交易效率和系统稳定性。同时，本发明充分利用居民购售电模块中的各个单元，用户可以将电能售卖给区块链中的其他居民购售电模块，也可以从其他居民购售电模块购买电能，减少了用户的用电成本，促进电力交易管理系统的推广。The system of the present invention includes several residential electricity purchase and sale modules, credit management modules, smart contract modules, data encryption modules and basic network modules, and the several residential electricity purchase and sale modules realize electricity transactions through the basic network modules. Compared with the existing power transaction management system, the present invention introduces a credit management module. When the user defaults, the priority of the order will be reduced by increasing the waiting time of the user, punished, and the cost of breach of contract will be increased to ensure the successful transaction of power. Improve transaction efficiency and system stability. At the same time, the present invention makes full use of each unit in the resident electricity purchasing and selling module, and the user can sell the electric energy to other resident electricity purchasing and selling modules in the blockchain, and can also purchase electricity from other resident electricity purchasing and selling modules, reducing the user's cost of electricity, and promote the promotion of the electricity transaction management system.

附图说明Description of drawings

为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to explain the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

图1为本发明实施例的框图；1 is a block diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

图2为电力交易的流程示意图。FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of electricity trading.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the implementations. example. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

本申请实施例通过提供一种基于区块链的居民微电网电力交易管理系统，解决了现有的区块链电力交易管理系统中信用管理缺失，违约频发的问题，实现高效的电力交易。By providing a blockchain-based residential microgrid power transaction management system, the embodiments of the present application solve the problems of lack of credit management and frequent defaults in the existing blockchain-based power transaction management system, and realize efficient power transactions.

本申请实施例中的技术方案为解决上述技术问题，总体思路如下：The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application are to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, and the general idea is as follows:

本发明实施例的系统包括若干个居民购售电模块、信用管理模块、智能合约模块、数据加密模块和基础网络模块，若干个居民购售电模块通过基础网络模块实现电力交易。与现有的电力交易管理系统相比，本发明实施例引入信用管理模块，当用户违约时会以增加该用户等待时间的方式降低订单优先级，对其进行惩罚，提高违约成本，保障电力成功交易，提高交易效率和系统稳定性。The system of the embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of residential electricity purchase and sale modules, a credit management module, an intelligent contract module, a data encryption module and a basic network module, and the plurality of residential electricity purchase and sale modules realize electricity transactions through the basic network module. Compared with the existing power transaction management system, the embodiment of the present invention introduces a credit management module. When a user defaults, the priority of the order will be reduced by increasing the waiting time of the user, punishment will be imposed on it, the cost of default will be increased, and the success of power will be guaranteed. transactions, improve transaction efficiency and system stability.

为了更好的理解上述技术方案，下面将结合说明书附图以及具体的实施方式对上述技术方案进行详细的说明。In order to better understand the above technical solutions, the above technical solutions will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

本发明实施例一种基于区块链的居民微电网电力交易管理系统，如图1所示，该系统包括：居民购售电模块、信用管理模块、智能合约模块、数据加密模块和基础网络模块。其中：An embodiment of the present invention is a blockchain-based residential microgrid electricity transaction management system, as shown in FIG. 1 , the system includes: a residential electricity purchase and sale module, a credit management module, a smart contract module, a data encryption module, and a basic network module . in:

居民购售电模块数目为若干个，各个居民购售电模块之间能相互交易，上述居民购售电模块包括：数据收集单元、数据存储单元和账户管理单元。其中：There are several resident electricity purchasing and selling modules, and each resident electricity purchasing and selling module can be traded with each other. The resident electricity purchasing and selling module includes: a data collection unit, a data storage unit and an account management unit. in:

上述数据收集单元用于通过智能电表和传感器从其他单元收集用能信息和储能信息；The above data collection unit is used to collect energy consumption information and energy storage information from other units through smart meters and sensors;

上述数据存储单元用于储存数据收集单元的信息，同时存储区块链中的信用记录和合同；The above-mentioned data storage unit is used to store the information of the data collection unit, and at the same time store the credit records and contracts in the blockchain;

上述账户管理单元用于：查看用电信息、储能信息、交易记录、信用记录和个人账户信息；发布购电订单和售电订单。The above account management unit is used for: viewing electricity consumption information, energy storage information, transaction records, credit records and personal account information; and issuing electricity purchase orders and electricity sales orders.

上述信用管理模块用于：在用户发布购售电订单时核对区块链中该用户的信用记录，根据用户信用记录调整用户订单的优先级；核对购售电用户的实际交易电量；The above credit management module is used to: check the credit record of the user in the blockchain when the user issues the electricity purchase and sale order, adjust the priority of the user order according to the user's credit record; check the actual transaction electricity of the electricity purchase and sale user;

上述智能合约模块用于匹配购售电订单，形成合同，将上述合同记录在区块链中，根据合同调度用户的电力，并将相关费用转入售电用户的账户；The above smart contract module is used to match the electricity purchase and sale orders, form a contract, record the above contract in the blockchain, dispatch the user's electricity according to the contract, and transfer the relevant fees to the account of the electricity seller;

上述数据加密模块用于将交易过程中出现的信息进行加密；The above data encryption module is used to encrypt the information that appears in the transaction process;

上述基础网络模块用于传输交易信息、信用记录、支付信息和完成电力调度。The above-mentioned basic network modules are used to transmit transaction information, credit records, payment information and complete power dispatching.

本发明实施例引入信用管理模块，当用户违约时会以增加该用户等待时间的方式降低订单优先级，对其进行惩罚，提高违约成本，保障电力成功交易，提高交易效率和系统稳定性。同时，本发明实施例充分利用居民购售电模块的各个单元，用户可以将电能售卖给区块链中的其他居民购售电模块，也可以从其他居民购售电模块购买电能，减少了用户的用电成本，促进电力交易管理系统的推广。The embodiment of the present invention introduces a credit management module. When a user defaults, the priority of the order will be reduced by increasing the waiting time of the user, and the user will be punished to increase the default cost, ensure the successful transaction of electricity, and improve the transaction efficiency and system stability. At the same time, the embodiment of the present invention makes full use of each unit of the resident electricity purchasing and selling module. Users can sell electric energy to other resident electricity purchasing and selling modules in the blockchain, and can also purchase electricity from other resident electricity purchasing and selling modules, reducing the number of users. reduce the cost of electricity consumption, and promote the promotion of the electricity transaction management system.

下面对本发明实施例中的系统进行详细的描述：The system in the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below:

本发明实施例的一种基于区块链的居民微电网电力交易管理系统，包括若干个居民购售电模块、信用管理模块、智能合约模块、数据加密模块和基础网络模块。A blockchain-based residential microgrid power transaction management system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of residential electricity purchase and sale modules, a credit management module, an intelligent contract module, a data encryption module and a basic network module.

居民购售电模块包括负载单元、光伏发电单元、储能单元、数据收集单元、数据存储单元、账户管理单元。The residential electricity purchase and sale module includes a load unit, a photovoltaic power generation unit, an energy storage unit, a data collection unit, a data storage unit, and an account management unit.

其中：in:

负载单元用于消耗电能，包括电视机、冰箱、洗衣机等家用电器。光伏发电单元用于光伏发电单元将光能转化成电能，为区块链中的居民提供电能，包括光伏发电装置。储能单元用于存储电能，包括蓄电池、锂电池等储能设施。数据收集单元用于通过智能电表和传感器从其他单元收集用能信息和储能信息。数据存储单元用于储存数据收集单元的信息，同时存储区块链中的信用记录和合同。账户管理单元包括手机APP，用户可通过APP查看用电信息、储能信息、交易记录、信用记录等个人账户信息，同时可发布购电、售电订单。The load unit is used to consume electrical energy, including household appliances such as televisions, refrigerators, and washing machines. Photovoltaic power generation units are used for photovoltaic power generation units to convert light energy into electrical energy to provide electricity to residents in the blockchain, including photovoltaic power generation devices. Energy storage units are used to store electrical energy, including storage batteries, lithium batteries and other energy storage facilities. The data collection unit is used to collect energy usage information and energy storage information from other units through smart meters and sensors. The data storage unit is used to store the information of the data collection unit, as well as the credit records and contracts in the blockchain. The account management unit includes a mobile APP, through which users can view personal account information such as electricity consumption information, energy storage information, transaction records, credit records, etc., and can issue electricity purchase and electricity sales orders at the same time.

上述信用管理模块用于在用户发布购售电订单时核对用户信用记录，在电力调度完成后，核对购售用户的实际交易电量。当检查发现用户上一次电力交易有违约情况时，该模块会以增加等待时间的方式降低用户订单的优先级；在智能合约完成电力调度后，信用管理模块会将实际交易电量与合同规定的交易电量进行比较，若不同信用管理模块会找出违约用户并统计违约电量，计入其信用记录。核对购售用户的实际交易电量的方法包括：The above-mentioned credit management module is used to check the user's credit record when the user issues the electricity purchase and sale order, and after the electricity dispatching is completed, check the actual transaction electricity quantity of the purchase and sale user. When the user's last electricity transaction is found to be in breach of contract, the module will reduce the priority of the user's order by increasing the waiting time; after the smart contract completes the electricity scheduling, the credit management module will compare the actual transaction volume with the transaction stipulated in the contract. If different credit management modules will find out the defaulting users and count the defaulted electricity, they will be included in their credit records. The methods of checking the actual transaction electricity of the purchasing and selling users include:

信用管理模块会将第j个用户在t0时刻的实际交易电量

Figure BDA0002184052790000081
与合同中规定的交易电量
Figure BDA0002184052790000082
进行核对；The credit management module will calculate the actual transaction power of the jth user at time t 0
Figure BDA0002184052790000081
with the transaction amount specified in the contract
Figure BDA0002184052790000082
check;

若电力调度结束时，

Figure BDA0002184052790000083
交易双方成功交易次数m分别增加1次；若电力调度结束时，
Figure BDA0002184052790000084
信用管理模块会找出违约用户，并将该用户的违约次数n加1，并统计违约电量
Figure BDA0002184052790000085
作为违约用户下次订单等待时间的参数。If the power dispatch ends,
Figure BDA0002184052790000083
The number of successful transactions m of both parties increases by 1 respectively; if the power dispatch ends,
Figure BDA0002184052790000084
The credit management module will find out the default user, add 1 to the default number n of the user, and count the defaulted electricity
Figure BDA0002184052790000085
As a parameter for the waiting time of the default user's next order.

等待时间的计算公式为：The formula for calculating the waiting time is:

Figure BDA0002184052790000091
Figure BDA0002184052790000091

其中，n表示用户违约的次数，i表示用户的第i次违约，m表示用户成功交易的次数，pi表示在第i次违约时合同中的交易价格，qi表示在第i次违约时的违约电量。Among them, n represents the number of user defaults, i represents the user's ith default, m represents the number of successful transactions of the user, pi represents the transaction price in the contract at the ith default, and qi represents the ith default. default power.

上述智能合约模块包括订单匹配单元、电力调度单元、费用支付单元。订单匹配单元根据订单的价格、电量匹配发布的购售电订单，并形成合同。电力调度单元用于在合同形成后按照合同内容将售电用户的电力调度给购电用户。费用支付单元用于在信用管理模块核对实际转移电量后，将购电费用转移给售电用户。The above smart contract module includes an order matching unit, a power scheduling unit, and a fee payment unit. The order matching unit matches the released electricity purchase and sale orders according to the price and power of the order, and forms a contract. The power dispatching unit is used to dispatch the electric power of the electricity selling users to the electricity purchasing users according to the content of the contract after the contract is formed. The fee payment unit is used to transfer the electricity purchase fee to the electricity sales user after the credit management module checks the actual transferred electricity.

上述加密模块通过哈希算法将交易过程中出现的信息进行加密，避免相关信息被篡改。The above-mentioned encryption module encrypts the information appearing in the transaction process through the hash algorithm, so as to prevent the related information from being tampered with.

上述基础网络模块包括电力传输网络和通信信道。电力传输网络用于完成电力调度。通信信道用于传输交易信息、信用记录和支付信息。The above-mentioned basic network module includes a power transmission network and a communication channel. The power transmission network is used to complete the power dispatch. Communication channels are used to transmit transaction information, credit records, and payment information.

下面通过三个完整的电力交易的流程对本发明实施例的一种基于区块链的居民微电网电力交易管理系统进行详细描述，如图2所示：A block chain-based residential microgrid power transaction management system according to an embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below through three complete power transaction procedures, as shown in FIG. 2 :

一般性步骤：General steps:

用户A在t0时刻有购电或售电需求，可以交易的电量分别为

Figure BDA0002184052790000092
其中
Figure BDA0002184052790000094
Figure BDA0002184052790000095
为光伏发电单元功率，
Figure BDA0002184052790000096
为家庭负载单元的功率，
Figure BDA0002184052790000097
Figure BDA0002184052790000101
为储能单元的放、充电功率。User A needs to purchase or sell electricity at time t 0 , and the electricity that can be traded is
Figure BDA0002184052790000092
in
Figure BDA0002184052790000094
Figure BDA0002184052790000095
is the photovoltaic power generation unit power,
Figure BDA0002184052790000096
is the power of the household load unit,
Figure BDA0002184052790000097
Figure BDA0002184052790000101
It is the discharge and charging power of the energy storage unit.

用户A可以通过手机APP手动设置参数发布订单，也可以由账户管理单元的APP根据用户A的偏好自动发布订单，订单信息包括交易电量

Figure BDA00021840527900001017
或和可接受价格的最大值或最小值
Figure BDA0002184052790000103
加密模块利用哈希算法对订单信息进行加密。User A can manually set parameters to issue orders through the mobile phone APP, or the APP of the account management unit can automatically issue orders according to user A's preferences. The order information includes transaction power.
Figure BDA00021840527900001017
or and the maximum acceptable price or minimum
Figure BDA0002184052790000103
The encryption module uses a hash algorithm to encrypt the order information.

订单发布后信用管理模块会检查该用户A上一次交易中是否违约，若违约，信用管理模块会增加等待时间

Figure BDA0002184052790000104
来降低该订单的优先级，等待时间的计算公式如下：After the order is released, the credit management module will check whether the user A defaulted in the last transaction. If there is a default, the credit management module will increase the waiting time.
Figure BDA0002184052790000104
To lower the priority of the order, the waiting time is calculated as follows:

Figure BDA0002184052790000105
Figure BDA0002184052790000105

其中：n表示用户A违约的次数，i表示用户A的第i次违约，m表示用户A成功交易的次数，pi表示在第i次违约时合同中的交易价格，qi表示在第i次违约时的违约电量。若上一次交易无违约现象，智能合约模块的订单匹配单元会立刻匹配相关售电订单并生成合同。合同内容包括用户A与其他用户达成的交易价格

Figure BDA0002184052790000106
和交易电量
Figure BDA0002184052790000107
其中
Figure BDA0002184052790000108
Figure BDA0002184052790000109
分别表示用户A与用户j的合同中规定的交易价格和电量，
Figure BDA00021840527900001010
或
Figure BDA00021840527900001012
x为在t0时刻与用户A签署交易合同的用户数量，加密模块会利用哈希算法对合同信息进行加密。Among them: n represents the number of defaults of user A, i represents the ith breach of user A, m represents the number of successful transactions of user A, p i represents the transaction price in the contract at the ith default, q i represents the i th default Default power at the time of the next default. If there is no default in the last transaction, the order matching unit of the smart contract module will immediately match the relevant electricity sales order and generate a contract. The content of the contract includes the transaction price between user A and other users
Figure BDA0002184052790000106
and transaction electricity
Figure BDA0002184052790000107
in
Figure BDA0002184052790000108
Figure BDA0002184052790000109
represent the transaction price and electricity specified in the contract between user A and user j, respectively,
Figure BDA00021840527900001010
or
Figure BDA00021840527900001012
x is the number of users who signed a transaction contract with user A at time t 0 , and the encryption module will use a hash algorithm to encrypt the contract information.

智能合约模块的电力调度单元按照合同规定的内容，将规定的电量

Figure BDA00021840527900001013
在用户j与用户A中进行转移，信用管理模块会将实际交易电量
Figure BDA00021840527900001014
与
Figure BDA00021840527900001015
进行核对，若双方成功交易次数m分别增加1次，费用支付单元将相关费用
Figure BDA0002184052790000111
在用户j与用户A中进行转移，
Figure BDA0002184052790000112
Figure BDA0002184052790000113
交易结束；若
Figure BDA0002184052790000114
信用管理模块会找出违约用户并增加1次该用户的违约次数，并统计违约电量
Figure BDA0002184052790000115
同时费用支付单元将相关费用在用户j与用户A中进行转移， 交易结束。The power dispatching unit of the smart contract module distributes the specified amount of electricity according to the content specified in the contract.
Figure BDA00021840527900001013
Transfer between user j and user A, the credit management module will
Figure BDA00021840527900001014
and
Figure BDA00021840527900001015
check, if The number of successful transactions m of both parties is increased by 1, and the fee payment unit will
Figure BDA0002184052790000111
transfer between user j and user A,
Figure BDA0002184052790000112
Figure BDA0002184052790000113
the transaction ends; if
Figure BDA0002184052790000114
The credit management module will find out the defaulting user and increase the number of defaults of the user once, and count the amount of defaulted electricity
Figure BDA0002184052790000115
At the same time, the fee payment unit transfers the relevant fees between user j and user A, The transaction is over.

下面从售电用户和购电用户两个不同的角度进行描述。The following description will be made from two different perspectives of electricity sales users and electricity purchasers.

实施例1：Example 1:

用户B在t0时刻光伏发电单元功率为

Figure BDA0002184052790000118
家庭负载单元的功率为
Figure BDA0002184052790000119
储能单元的放电功率为当光伏发电单元产生的电能和储能电池储存的电能不能满足负载，即
Figure BDA00021840527900001111
账户管理单元的APP会在手机上提醒用户B，用户B可以选择手动设置购电订单参数在APP上发布购电订单或由APP根据用户的偏好自动设置购电订单参数生成订单。User B's photovoltaic power generation unit power at time t 0 is
Figure BDA0002184052790000118
The power of the household load unit is
Figure BDA0002184052790000119
The discharge power of the energy storage unit is When the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic power generation unit and the electric energy stored by the energy storage battery cannot meet the load, that is,
Figure BDA00021840527900001111
The APP of the account management unit will remind user B on the mobile phone, and user B can choose to manually set the parameters of the power purchase order to publish the power purchase order on the APP, or the APP can automatically set the power purchase order parameters according to the user's preference to generate an order.

订单信息包含所需电量

Figure BDA00021840527900001112
和可接受最高价格
Figure BDA00021840527900001114
加密模块会利用哈希算法对以上信息进行加密。信用管理模块首先核对用户B的信用，若该用户上次电力交易出现违约现象，则本订单优先级会降低，将会有的等待时间，等待时间的计算公式如下：The order information contains the required power
Figure BDA00021840527900001112
and the highest acceptable price
Figure BDA00021840527900001114
The encryption module will use the hash algorithm to encrypt the above information. The credit management module first checks the credit of user B. If the user defaults in the last electricity transaction, the priority of this order will be lowered, and there will be The waiting time is calculated as follows:

Figure BDA00021840527900001116
Figure BDA00021840527900001116

其中：n表示用户B违约的次数，i表示用户的第i次违约，m表示用户B成功交易的次数，pi表示在第i次违约时合同中的交易价格，qi表示在第i次违约时的违约电量；若上一次交易无违约现象智能合约模块的订单匹配单元会立刻匹配相关售电订单并生成合同，合同内容包括用户B与不同卖家达成的交易价格

Figure BDA0002184052790000121
和交易电量其中
Figure BDA0002184052790000123
Figure BDA0002184052790000124
分别表示用户B与卖家j的合同中规定的交易价格和电量，
Figure BDA0002184052790000125
x为在t0时刻与用户B签署交易合同的卖家数量，加密模块会利用哈希算法对以上合同信息进行加密。Among them: n represents the number of defaults of user B, i represents the i-th default of user, m represents the number of successful transactions of user B, p i represents the transaction price in the contract at the i-th default, q i represents the i-th default The defaulted electricity quantity at the time of default; if there is no default in the last transaction, the order matching unit of the smart contract module will immediately match the relevant electricity sales order and generate a contract, which includes the transaction price between user B and different sellers
Figure BDA0002184052790000121
and transaction electricity in
Figure BDA0002184052790000123
Figure BDA0002184052790000124
represent the transaction price and electricity specified in the contract between user B and seller j, respectively,
Figure BDA0002184052790000125
x is the number of sellers who signed a transaction contract with user B at time t 0 , and the encryption module will use a hash algorithm to encrypt the above contract information.

智能合约模块的电力调度单元按照合同规定的内容，将规定的电量

Figure BDA0002184052790000127
从卖家j转移给用户B，信用管理模块会将实际交易电量与
Figure BDA0002184052790000129
进行核对，若
Figure BDA00021840527900001210
双方成功交易次数m分别增加1次，智能合约模块的费用支付单元将相关费用
Figure BDA00021840527900001211
从用户B转移给卖家j，
Figure BDA00021840527900001212
Figure BDA00021840527900001213
交易结束；若信用管理模块会找出违约用户并增加1次该用户的违约次数，并统计违约电量
Figure BDA00021840527900001215
同时智能合约模块的费用支付单元将相关费用
Figure BDA00021840527900001216
从用户B转移给卖家j，
Figure BDA00021840527900001217
交易结束。The power dispatching unit of the smart contract module distributes the specified amount of electricity according to the content specified in the contract.
Figure BDA0002184052790000127
Transfer from seller j to user B, the credit management module will transfer the actual transaction amount and
Figure BDA0002184052790000129
check, if
Figure BDA00021840527900001210
The number of successful transactions m of both parties increases by 1, and the fee payment unit of the smart contract module will
Figure BDA00021840527900001211
transfer from user B to seller j,
Figure BDA00021840527900001212
Figure BDA00021840527900001213
the transaction ends; if The credit management module will find out the defaulting user and increase the number of defaults of the user once, and count the amount of defaulted electricity
Figure BDA00021840527900001215
At the same time, the fee payment unit of the smart contract module will
Figure BDA00021840527900001216
transfer from user B to seller j,
Figure BDA00021840527900001217
The transaction is over.

实施例2：Example 2:

用户C在t0时刻光伏发电单元功率为

Figure BDA00021840527900001218
家庭负载单元的功率为
Figure BDA00021840527900001219
储能单元的充电功率为
Figure BDA00021840527900001220
当光伏发电单元产生的电能较多时，即账户管理单元的APP会在手机上提醒用户C，用户C可以选择手动设置售电订单参数在APP上发布售电订单或由APP根据用户的偏好自动设置售电订单参数生成订单。User C's photovoltaic power generation unit power at time t 0 is
Figure BDA00021840527900001218
The power of the household load unit is
Figure BDA00021840527900001219
The charging power of the energy storage unit is
Figure BDA00021840527900001220
When the photovoltaic power generation unit generates more electric energy, that is, The APP of the account management unit will remind User C on the mobile phone, and User C can choose to manually set the parameters of the electricity sales order to publish the electricity sales order on the APP, or the APP can automatically set the parameters of the electricity sales order to generate an order according to the user's preference.

订单信息包含所售电量

Figure BDA00021840527900001222
和可接受最低价格
Figure BDA00021840527900001223
Figure BDA0002184052790000131
加密模块会利用哈希算法对以上信息进行加密。信用管理模块首先核对该用户信用，若该用户上次电力交易出现违约现象，则本订单优先级会降低，将会有的等待时间，等待时间的计算公式如下：Order information includes electricity sold
Figure BDA00021840527900001222
and the lowest acceptable price
Figure BDA00021840527900001223
Figure BDA0002184052790000131
The encryption module will use the hash algorithm to encrypt the above information. The credit management module first checks the credit of the user. If the user defaults in the last electricity transaction, the priority of this order will be lowered, and there will be The waiting time is calculated as follows:

Figure BDA0002184052790000133
Figure BDA0002184052790000133

其中：n表示用户C违约的次数，i表示用户C的第i次违约，m表示用户C成功交易的次数，pi表示在第i次违约时合同中的交易价格，qi表示在第i次违约时的违约电量；若上一次交易无违约现象智能合约模块的订单匹配单元会立刻匹配相关购电订单并生成合同，合同内容包括用户C与不同买家达成的交易价格

Figure BDA0002184052790000134
和交易电量
Figure BDA0002184052790000135
其中
Figure BDA0002184052790000136
分别表示用户C与买家j签订的合同中规定的交易价格和电量，
Figure BDA0002184052790000137
x为在t0时刻与用户C形成交易合同的买家数量，加密模块会利用哈希算法对以上合同信息进行加密。Among them: n represents the number of defaults of user C, i represents the ith default of user C, m represents the number of successful transactions of user C, p i represents the transaction price in the contract at the ith default, q i represents the i th default The defaulted electricity quantity at the time of the second default; if there is no default in the last transaction, the order matching unit of the smart contract module will immediately match the relevant power purchase order and generate a contract, the content of the contract includes the transaction price reached between user C and different buyers
Figure BDA0002184052790000134
and transaction electricity
Figure BDA0002184052790000135
in
Figure BDA0002184052790000136
respectively represent the transaction price and the amount of electricity specified in the contract signed between user C and buyer j,
Figure BDA0002184052790000137
x is the number of buyers who have formed a transaction contract with user C at time t 0 , and the encryption module will use a hash algorithm to encrypt the above contract information.

智能合约模块的电力调度单元按照合同规定的内容，将规定的电量

Figure BDA0002184052790000138
从用户C转移给买家j，信用管理模块会将实际交易电量与
Figure BDA00021840527900001310
进行核对，若
Figure BDA00021840527900001311
双方成功交易次数m分别增加1次，智能合约模块的费用支付单元将相关费用
Figure BDA00021840527900001312
从买家j转移给用户C，
Figure BDA00021840527900001313
Figure BDA00021840527900001314
交易结束；若
Figure BDA00021840527900001315
信用管理模块会找出违约用户，增加1次该用户的违约次数，并统计违约电量
Figure BDA00021840527900001316
同时智能合约模块的费用支付单元将相关费用
Figure BDA00021840527900001317
从买家j转移给用户C，
Figure BDA0002184052790000141
交易结束。The power dispatching unit of the smart contract module distributes the specified amount of electricity according to the content specified in the contract.
Figure BDA0002184052790000138
Transfer from user C to buyer j, the credit management module will transfer the actual transaction amount and
Figure BDA00021840527900001310
check, if
Figure BDA00021840527900001311
The number of successful transactions m of both parties increases by 1, and the fee payment unit of the smart contract module will
Figure BDA00021840527900001312
transfer from buyer j to user C,
Figure BDA00021840527900001313
Figure BDA00021840527900001314
the transaction ends; if
Figure BDA00021840527900001315
The credit management module will find out the default user, increase the number of defaults of the user once, and count the defaulted electricity
Figure BDA00021840527900001316
At the same time, the fee payment unit of the smart contract module will
Figure BDA00021840527900001317
transfer from buyer j to user C,
Figure BDA0002184052790000141
The deal is over.

综上所述，与现有技术相比，具备以下有益效果：To sum up, compared with the prior art, it has the following beneficial effects:

1、本发明实施例引入信用管理模块，当用户违约时会以增加该用户等待时间的方式降低订单优先级，对其进行惩罚，提高违约成本，保障电力成功交易，提高交易效率和系统稳定性。1. The embodiment of the present invention introduces a credit management module. When a user defaults, the priority of the order will be reduced by increasing the waiting time of the user, punishing it, increasing the cost of default, ensuring the successful transaction of electricity, and improving transaction efficiency and system stability. .

2、本发明实施例借助光伏发电单元产生的电能和从其他购售电节点购买的电能基本可以满足系统中居民的用电需求，从而降低了电网的峰谷差。2. In the embodiment of the present invention, the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic power generation unit and the electric energy purchased from other electricity purchase and sale nodes can basically meet the electricity demand of the residents in the system, thereby reducing the peak-to-valley difference of the power grid.

3、本发明实施例充分利用已有居民购售电模块中的各个单元，用户可以将电能售卖给区块链中的其他居民购售电模块，也可以从其他居民购售电模块购买电能，减少了用户的用电成本，促进电力交易管理系统的推广。3. The embodiment of the present invention makes full use of each unit in the existing resident electricity purchase and sales module. Users can sell electric energy to other resident electricity purchase and sales modules in the blockchain, and can also purchase electricity from other resident electricity purchase and sales modules. It reduces the user's electricity cost and promotes the popularization of the electricity transaction management system.

4、区块链中的各居民购售电模块的数据储存单元会记录历史信息，用户可以通过账户管理单元的APP查看自己的用电、储能信息，方便制定用电计划。4. The data storage unit of each resident electricity purchase and sale module in the blockchain will record historical information. Users can view their own electricity consumption and energy storage information through the APP of the account management unit to facilitate the formulation of electricity consumption plans.

需要说明的是，通过以上的实施方式的描述，本领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到各实施方式可借助软件加必需的通用硬件平台的方式来实现。基于这样的理解，上述技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，如ROM/RAM、磁碟、光盘等，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行各个实施例或者实施例的某些部分所述的方法。It should be noted that, from the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform. Based on this understanding, the above-mentioned technical solutions can be embodied in the form of software products in essence or the parts that make contributions to the prior art, and the computer software products can be stored in computer-readable storage media, such as ROM/RAM, magnetic A disc, an optical disc, etc., includes several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform the methods described in various embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.

在本文中，诸如第一和第二等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来，而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。而且，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括所述要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备中还存在另外的相同要素。In this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such existence between these entities or operations. The actual relationship or sequence. Moreover, the terms "comprising", "comprising" or any other variation thereof are intended to encompass a non-exclusive inclusion such that a process, method, article or device that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes not explicitly listed or other elements inherent to such a process, method, article or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element qualified by the phrase "comprising a..." does not preclude the presence of additional identical elements in a process, method, article or apparatus that includes the element.

以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, but not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: The recorded technical solutions are modified, or some technical features thereof are equivalently replaced; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A residential microgrid power transaction management system based on a block chain, the system comprising:
the resident purchases the electricity selling module, the resident purchases electricity selling module figure is a plurality of, and each resident purchases can trade each other between the electricity selling module, the resident purchases the electricity selling module and includes:
the data collection unit is used for collecting energy utilization information and energy storage information from other units through the intelligent electric meter and the sensor;
the data storage unit is used for storing the information of the data collection unit and simultaneously storing the credit records and the contracts in the block chain;
an account management unit to: checking electricity utilization information, energy storage information, transaction records, credit records and personal account information; and issuing an electricity purchasing order and an electricity selling order.
A credit management module to: when the user issues the power purchase and sale order, checking the credit record of the user in the block chain, and adjusting the priority of the user order according to the credit record of the user; checking the actual transaction electric quantity of the user;
the intelligent contract module is used for matching the power selling order to form a contract, recording the contract in a block chain, scheduling the power of the user according to the contract and transferring the related cost to the account of the power selling user;
the data encryption module is used for encrypting information appearing in the transaction process;
a basic network module for transmitting transaction information, credit records, payment information and completing power scheduling.
2. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the resident electricity purchasing module further comprises:
a load unit for consuming electrical energy;
the photovoltaic power generation unit converts light energy into electric energy and provides the electric energy for residents in the block chain;
the energy storage unit is used for storing electric energy.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein in the credit management module, the method for adjusting the priority of the user order according to the user credit record comprises:
reducing the order priority of the user with default condition in the last transaction in a mode of increasing waiting time, wherein the calculation formula of the waiting time comprises the following steps:
Figure FDA0002184052780000021
where n represents the number of user violations, i represents the ith violation of the user, m represents the number of successful transactions, piRepresenting the transaction price in the contract at the time of the ith default, qiIndicating the amount of power breached at the ith breach.
4. The system of claim 1, wherein in the credit management module, the method of checking the actual transaction power of the user comprises:
the credit management module will put the jth user at t0Actual transaction electric quantity of time
Figure FDA0002184052780000022
With the amount of transaction power specified in the contract
Figure FDA0002184052780000025
Checking is carried out;
if the power schedule is finished at the time of the power schedule,
Figure FDA0002184052780000023
the successful transaction times m of both transaction parties are respectively increased by 1 time; if the power schedule is finished at the time of the power schedule,the credit management module finds out default users, increases the default times n of the default users by 1 time, and counts default electric quantity
Figure FDA0002184052780000032
As a parameter that violates the waiting time of the user's next order.
5. The system of claim 1, wherein the intelligent contract module comprises:
the order matching unit is used for matching the electricity selling order according to the price and the electric quantity of the order to form a contract;
the power dispatching unit is used for dispatching the power of the power selling users to the power purchasing users according to contract contents after the contracts are formed;
and the fee payment unit is used for transferring the electricity purchasing fee to the electricity selling user after the credit management module checks the actual transferred electric quantity.
6. The system of claim 1, wherein the base network module comprises:
a power transmission network for power scheduling;
a communication channel for transmitting transaction information, credit records, and payment information.
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