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CN110677011B - A slotted disc permanent magnet eddy current coupling - Google Patents

A slotted disc permanent magnet eddy current coupling Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110677011B
CN110677011B CN201911116105.2A CN201911116105A CN110677011B CN 110677011 B CN110677011 B CN 110677011B CN 201911116105 A CN201911116105 A CN 201911116105A CN 110677011 B CN110677011 B CN 110677011B
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China
Prior art keywords
disc
magnetic
eddy current
block
permanent magnet
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CN201911116105.2A
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CN110677011A (en
Inventor
殷磊
朱长江
郑明睿
石珍强
马计委
孙宇
陈科
郑红梅
肖士喜
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Hefei University of Technology
Taier Heavy Industry Co Ltd
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Hefei University of Technology
Taier Heavy Industry Co Ltd
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Publication of CN110677011A publication Critical patent/CN110677011A/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K49/00Dynamo-electric clutches; Dynamo-electric brakes
    • H02K49/10Dynamo-electric clutches; Dynamo-electric brakes of the permanent-magnet type
    • H02K49/104Magnetic couplings consisting of only two coaxial rotary elements, i.e. the driving element and the driven element
    • H02K49/108Magnetic couplings consisting of only two coaxial rotary elements, i.e. the driving element and the driven element with an axial air gap

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dynamo-Electric Clutches, Dynamo-Electric Brakes (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种新型的开槽盘式永磁涡流联轴器,它包括主动盘、主动轴、从动盘、从动轴,主动盘包括背铁盘Ⅰ、磁圈,从动盘包括涡流组合盘、背铁盘Ⅱ,涡流组合盘包括涡流盘本体、若干块左铁块、若干块右铁块,涡流盘本体左右两个端面上皆分布有呈环形阵列的矩形槽或扇形槽,且左右两个端面上的槽的个数相等,左右两个端面上的槽沿涡流盘本体的圆周方向交错布置,左端面上的任一槽与右端面上的任一槽在涡流盘本体的周向上的位置皆不重合,涡流盘本体左端面的每一个槽内皆布置有一块左铁块,涡流盘本体右端面的每一个槽内皆布置有一块右铁块。本发明开槽盘式永磁涡流联轴器,它在有效提高联轴器传输转矩的同时,大大减小了扭矩的波动。

The invention discloses a novel slotted disc type permanent magnetic eddy current coupling, which comprises an active disc, an active shaft, a driven disc and a driven shaft, wherein the active disc comprises a back iron disc I and a magnetic ring, the driven disc comprises an eddy current combination disc and a back iron disc II, the eddy current combination disc comprises an eddy current disc body, a plurality of left iron blocks and a plurality of right iron blocks, the left and right end faces of the eddy current disc body are both provided with rectangular grooves or fan-shaped grooves in an annular array, and the number of grooves on the left and right end faces is equal, the grooves on the left and right end faces are arranged alternately along the circumferential direction of the eddy current disc body, any groove on the left end face and any groove on the right end face do not overlap in the circumferential direction of the eddy current disc body, each groove on the left end face of the eddy current disc body is provided with a left iron block, and each groove on the right end face of the eddy current disc body is provided with a right iron block. The slotted disc type permanent magnetic eddy current coupling of the invention can effectively improve the transmission torque of the coupling while greatly reducing the fluctuation of the torque.

Description

Slotted disc type permanent magnet eddy current coupler
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of permanent magnet eddy current transmission, in particular to a disc type permanent magnet eddy current coupler.
Background
When the permanent magnet rotor and the conductor rotor do relative rotation, the permanent magnets with magnetic pole directions alternately arranged on the permanent magnet rotor can generate alternating magnetic fields in the eddy current ring made of conductive materials in the conductor rotor, so that alternating eddy current is induced in the eddy current ring, the eddy current generates induced magnetic fields in the eddy current ring, and the induced magnetic fields interact with the magnetic fields on the permanent magnet rotor to generate coupling moment between the two rotors, so that the effects of transmitting motion and torque are achieved.
The structure of the permanent magnet eddy current transmission device mainly comprises a sleeve type and a flat disc type, and the application fields mainly comprise a permanent magnet eddy current coupler (transmission) and a permanent magnet eddy current speed regulator.
In the existing flat disc type permanent magnet eddy current coupler, a conductor rotor generally adopts two structural schemes, namely, a conductor disc adopts an integrally smooth annular disc, the conductor disc is fixed with a conductor back iron disc, the conductor disc adopts a spoke-shaped slotted structure, an open slot penetrates through the conductor disc, the conductor disc is fixed on the conductor back iron disc with smooth surface or protruding parts, the protruding parts of the conductor back iron disc with protruding parts are consistent with the slot shape of a spoke-shaped conductor disc, and the conductor back iron disc is integrally cast by adopting electrical pure iron. The first structural scheme has the defects that the specific gravity of ineffective eddy currents which do not contribute to torsion in a conductor area is large, so that redundant eddy current loss is increased, the utilization efficiency of magnetic materials is reduced because the eddy current loss is the main power loss of the permanent magnet eddy current transmission device, and meanwhile, the redundant eddy current loss is finally converted into heat energy, so that the heat dissipation burden of equipment is increased. The second structural scheme has the defects that the copper conductor disc of the disc type permanent magnet eddy current coupler is grooved, and the grooved space is filled with the magnetic conductive material, so that the transmission torque of the device can be improved, the torque fluctuation can be greatly increased, and the application of the device in occasions requiring accurate torque control is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem of providing a slotted disk type permanent magnet eddy current coupler, which can effectively improve the transmission torque of the coupler and greatly reduce the fluctuation of the torque. Meanwhile, ineffective eddy currents in the conductor area of the coupler are greatly reduced, the utilization efficiency of magnetic materials is improved, and the heat dissipation burden of equipment is reduced.
The invention discloses a slotted disc type permanent magnet eddy current coupler which comprises a driving disc, a driving shaft, a driven disc and a driven shaft, wherein the driving disc and the driving shaft are coaxially arranged and connected, the driven disc and the driven shaft are coaxially arranged and connected, the driving disc and the driven disc are coaxially arranged, the driving disc comprises a back iron disc I and a magnetic ring, the back iron disc I and the magnetic ring are coaxially arranged, the magnetic ring is fixed on the inner surface of the back iron disc I opposite to the driven disc, the back iron disc I is connected with the driving shaft through a connecting column I, the driven disc comprises an eddy current combination disc and a back iron disc II, the eddy current combination disc and the back iron disc II are coaxially arranged, the eddy current combination disc and the back iron disc II are oppositely arranged, the eddy current combination disc and the driven shaft are connected through the connecting column II, the eddy current combination disc comprises an eddy current disc body, a plurality of left iron blocks and a plurality of right iron blocks, rectangular grooves or sector grooves which are distributed on the left end surface and the right end surface of the eddy current disc body in an annular array, the number of grooves on the left end surface and the right end surface of the back iron disc body is equal, the grooves on the left end surface and the right end surface of the back iron disc body are arranged along the circumference of any one of the left end surface and the left end surface of the eddy current combination disc and the right end surface of the eddy current combination disc is arranged in the left groove of the eddy current combination disc and right end surface of the eddy current disc arranged in the eddy current combination disc.
Further, the shape and the size of all the grooves on the left end face of the vortex disk body are the same, the depth of the grooves is smaller than the thickness of the vortex disk body, and the shape and the size of the left iron block are the same as the shape and the size of the grooves on the left end face of the vortex disk body.
Further, the shape and the size of all the grooves on the right end face of the vortex disk body are the same, the depth of the grooves is smaller than the thickness of the vortex disk body, and the shape and the size of the right iron block are the same as the shape and the size of the grooves on the right end face of the vortex disk body.
Further, the eddy current disk body material is a conductive material, preferably a copper disk.
Further, the magnetic ring is formed by a plurality of mixed magnetic poles, each mixed magnetic pole is of a fan-shaped ring structure and has the same shape and size, the magnetic field combining direction of each mixed magnetic pole is along the axial direction of the driving disk, and the magnetic field combining directions of adjacent mixed magnetic poles are opposite.
Further, each mixed magnetic stage comprises a magnetic block and a magnetic gathering unit symmetrically arranged at the left side and the right side of the magnetic block, the magnetic block and the magnetic gathering unit are of a sector ring structure, the thickness of the magnetic gathering unit is the same as that of the magnetic block along the axial direction of the driving disk, and the size of the magnetic gathering unit is the same as that of the magnetic block along the radial direction of the driving disk.
Further, each magnetic focusing unit comprises a magnetic adjusting block and a small magnetic block, wherein the magnetic adjusting block is made of non-ferromagnetic materials, the small magnetic blocks are made of permanent magnetic materials, the magnetic blocks are made of permanent magnetic materials, and in the same mixed magnetic stage, the magnetic blocks are magnetized along the axial direction of the driving disk, and the angle range between the magnetizing directions of the small magnetic blocks on the left side and the right side and the magnetizing directions of the magnetic blocks is 30-90 degrees.
Further, the magnetic adjusting blocks and the small magnetic blocks in each magnetic gathering unit are arranged along the thickness direction of the magnetic ring, the magnetic adjusting blocks are fixedly connected with the small magnetic blocks, and the outer end faces of the magnetic adjusting blocks are fixedly connected to the back iron disc I.
Further, the magnetic adjusting block is in a fan shape, the small magnetic block is in a fan shape, the sizes of the magnetic adjusting block and the small magnetic block along the radial direction of the driving disk are the same, and the thicknesses of the magnetic adjusting block and the small magnetic block along the axial direction of the driving disk are preferably equal.
Furthermore, the magnetic adjusting block is preferably made of aluminum materials, and the small magnetic block and the magnetic block are preferably made of neodymium magnets.
The disc type permanent magnet eddy current coupler has the advantages that firstly, grooves are formed in two ends of an eddy current disc body, ineffective eddy currents which do not contribute to torsion in a conductor area are reduced, left iron blocks and right iron blocks are arranged on the left end face and the right end face of the eddy current disc body, the left iron blocks and the right iron blocks are arranged in a staggered mode along the circumferential direction of the eddy current disc body, magnetic leakage is reduced, air gap flux density is improved, the utilization rate of magnetic materials is improved, air gap flux density distribution is more reasonable, torque transmitted between a driving disc and a driven disc is increased, fluctuation of torque is reduced, mixed magnetic poles in magnetic rings can modulate the spatial distribution of an air gap magnetic field, the spatial distribution of the air gap magnetic field is more reasonable, torque fluctuation caused by air gap magnetic field distortion is reduced, the amount of magnetic materials is reduced through layering of small magnetic blocks and nonmagnetic materials which are obliquely magnetized, the air gap flux density distribution is optimized, torque output is improved, the torque fluctuation is reduced, and the utilization rate of a permanent magnet is effectively improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an exploded view of a slotted disk permanent magnet eddy current coupling of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an assembly view of a slotted disk permanent magnet eddy current coupling of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a magnetic coil according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the vortex disk body according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a vortex combination disk according to the present invention;
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the magnetic field distribution of the slotted disk type permanent magnet eddy current coupling of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
As can be seen from fig. 1,2,4, 5 and 6, the slotted disc type permanent magnet eddy current coupler comprises a driving disc 1, a driving shaft 3, a driven disc 2 and a driven shaft 4, wherein the driving disc 1 and the driving shaft 3 are coaxially arranged and connected, the driven disc 2 and the driven shaft 4 are coaxially arranged and connected, the driving disc 1 and the driven disc 2 are coaxially arranged, the driving disc 1 comprises a back iron disc I5 and a magnetic ring 6, the back iron disc I5 and the magnetic ring 6 are coaxially arranged, the magnetic ring 6 is fixed on the inner surface of the back iron disc I5 opposite to the driven disc 2, and the back iron disc I5 and the driving shaft 3 are connected through a connecting column I9; the driven disc 2 comprises a vortex combination disc 7 and a back iron disc II8, the vortex combination disc 7 and the back iron disc II8 are coaxially arranged, the vortex combination disc 7 and the magnetic ring 6 are oppositely arranged, the vortex combination disc 7, the combination disc 7 and the back iron disc II8 are fastened together, the vortex combination disc 7, the back iron disc II8 and the driven shaft 4 are connected through a connecting column II10, the vortex combination disc 7 comprises a vortex disc body 15, a plurality of left iron blocks 16 and a plurality of right iron blocks 17, rectangular grooves or sector grooves which are in annular arrays are distributed on the left end face and the right end face of the vortex disc body 15, the number of grooves on the left end face and the right end face is equal, the grooves on the left end face and the right end face are staggered along the circumferential direction of the vortex disc body 15, any groove on the left end face and any groove on the right end face are not overlapped in the circumferential direction of the vortex disc body 15, a left iron block 16 is arranged in each groove on the left end face of the vortex disc body 15, and a right iron block 17 is arranged in each groove on the right end face of the vortex disc body 15.
According to the invention, the back iron disc I5 and the driving shaft 3 are relatively fixed through the plurality of connecting columns I9, so that the driving disc 1 and the driving shaft 7 can be conveniently installed and detached, and the vortex combination disc 7, the back iron disc II8 and the driven shaft 4 are connected through the connecting columns II10, so that the driving disc 2 and the driving shaft 4 can be conveniently installed and detached.
When the driving shaft 3 rotates relative to the driven shaft 4, the driving shaft 3 drives the driving disc 1 to rotate and drives the magnetic ring 6 on the back iron disc I5 to rotate relative to the driven disc 2, so that an alternating magnetic field is generated in the driven disc 2, alternating eddy current is further induced in the driven disc 2, the eddy current generates an induced magnetic field in the eddy current combined disc 7, and the induced magnetic field interacts with a permanent magnet rotor, namely a magnetic field on the magnetic ring 6, so that a coupling moment is generated between the two rotors, and the driven disc 2 and the driven shaft 4 are driven to rotate.
The conductor disc of the conductor rotor, namely the vortex combination disc, has the advantages that firstly, the two ends of the vortex disc body 7 are grooved, the vortex path is limited, ineffective vortex which does not contribute to torsion in a conductor area is reduced, loss is greatly reduced, efficiency is improved, heat dissipation burden of equipment is lightened, secondly, the left iron block 16 and the right iron block 17 are arranged on the left end face and the right end face of the vortex disc body 15, and because the iron blocks do not penetrate through the vortex disc body 15 and the left iron block 16 and the right iron block 17 are arranged in a staggered mode, torque fluctuation caused by the left iron block 16 and the right iron block 17 can be offset, so that torque fluctuation is reduced, and meanwhile, magnetic leakage is also reduced through the magnetic induction effect of the iron blocks which are distributed alternately left and right. Therefore, the invention improves the output torque of the permanent magnet eddy current coupler and reduces the torque fluctuation at the same time, and can be applied to occasions needing accurate torque control.
Example 2
As is clear from fig. 4, 5 and 6, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, all grooves on the left end surface of the vortex disk body 15 have the same shape and size, and the depth of the grooves is smaller than the thickness of the vortex disk body 15, and the shape and size of the left iron piece 16 is the same as the shape and size of the grooves on the left end surface of the vortex disk body 15. All grooves on the right end face of the vortex disk body 15 are identical in shape and size, the depth of the grooves is smaller than the thickness of the vortex disk body 15, and the shape and size of the right iron block 17 are identical to those of the grooves on the right end face of the vortex disk body 15.
The left iron block 16, the right iron block 17 and the vortex disk body 15 are fixed through bonding or clamping. Other connection means are also possible as long as the stability of the connection between the right iron piece 17 and the vortex disk 16 is not affected.
The material of the eddy current disk body 15 is conductive material, preferably copper disk.
All the left iron blocks 16 have the same size and shape, all the right iron blocks 17 have the same size and shape, the processing is convenient, the left iron blocks and the right iron blocks are arranged in a staggered way, the overlapping of the left iron blocks and the right iron blocks is avoided, and the utilization rate of the permanent magnet is improved.
Example 3
As can be seen from fig. 3 and 7, in the slotted disk type permanent magnet eddy current coupler of the invention, the magnetic ring 6 is formed by a plurality of mixed magnetic poles 61, each mixed magnetic pole 61 is in a fan-shaped ring structure and has the same shape and size, the magnetic field combining direction of each mixed magnetic pole 61 is along the axial direction of the driving disk 1, and the magnetic field combining directions of adjacent mixed magnetic poles 61 are opposite.
Each mixing magnetic stage 61 comprises a magnetic block 13 and a magnetic gathering unit 14 symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the magnetic block 13, wherein the magnetic block 13 and the magnetic gathering unit 14 are of a sector ring structure, the thickness of the magnetic gathering unit 14 is the same as that of the magnetic block 13 along the axial direction of the driving disk 1, and the size of the magnetic gathering unit 14 and the size of the magnetic block 13 along the radial direction of the driving disk 1 are the same.
As can be seen from fig. 7, the hybrid magnetic poles in the magnetic coil of the present invention can modulate the spatial distribution of the air-gap field, so that the spatial distribution of the air-gap field is more reasonable, and the torque fluctuation caused by the distortion of the air-gap field is reduced. In addition, the iron blocks distributed alternately left and right on the vortex disk reduce torque fluctuation and magnetic leakage. Therefore, the invention improves the output torque of the permanent magnet eddy current coupler and reduces the torque fluctuation at the same time, and can be applied to occasions needing accurate torque control.
Example 4
As can be seen from fig. 3 and 7, in the slotted disk type permanent magnet eddy current coupler, each magnetic focusing unit 14 comprises a magnetic adjusting block 11 and a small magnetic block 12, the magnetic adjusting block 11 is made of non-ferromagnetic materials, the small magnetic block 12 is made of permanent magnetic materials, the magnetic block 13 is made of permanent magnetic materials, and in the same mixed magnetic stage 61, the magnetic blocks 13 are magnetized along the axial direction of the driving disk 1, and the angle range between the magnetizing directions of the small magnetic blocks 12 on the left side and the right side and the magnetizing direction of the magnetic block 13 is 30-90 degrees.
The magnetic adjusting blocks 11 and the small magnetic blocks 12 in each magnetic gathering unit are arranged along the thickness direction of the magnetic ring 6, the magnetic adjusting blocks 11 and the small magnetic blocks 12 are fixedly connected, and the outer end faces of the magnetic adjusting blocks 11 are fixedly connected to the back iron disc I5.
The magnetic adjusting block 11 is in a fan shape, the small magnetic block 12 is in a fan shape, the size of the magnetic adjusting block 11 is the same as that of the small magnetic block 12 along the radial direction of the driving disk 1, and the thicknesses of the magnetic adjusting block 11 and the small magnetic block 12 along the axial direction of the driving disk 1 are preferably equal.
The thickness of the magnet adjusting block 11 is equal to that of the small magnet block 12, so that the utilization rate of the permanent magnet can be improved.
Wherein, the magnetic adjusting block 11 is preferably made of aluminum materials, and the small magnetic block 12 and the magnetic block 13 are preferably made of neodymium magnets.
According to the invention, the small obliquely magnetized magnets 12 are arranged on the left and right sides of the axial permanent magnet, namely the magnet blocks 13, and the air gap magnetic density distribution is optimized on the basis of reducing the dosage of magnetic materials by layering the small obliquely magnetized magnet blocks 12 and the nonmagnetic materials 11, so that the torque output can be improved, the torque fluctuation is reduced, and the utilization rate of the permanent magnet is effectively improved.
Example 5
The magnetic ring 6 and the back iron disc I5 are fixed through bonding, and also can be fixed through clamping. Other connection methods are also possible as long as the stability of the connection between the magnet ring 6 and the back iron plate I5 is not affected.
The back iron disc I5 is a disc body which is round in whole and provided with a round hole in the center, and can also be a disc body which is round in whole and provided with no round hole in the center. Other tray structures are also possible as long as the stability of the overall structure of the back iron tray I5 is not affected.
The back iron plate II8 is a plate body which is round in whole and provided with a round hole in the center, and can be a plate body which is round in whole and provided with no round hole in the center, so long as the stability of the whole structure of the back iron plate II8 is not affected, and the back iron plate II can also be of other plate body structures.
The disc type permanent magnet eddy current coupler has the advantages that firstly, grooves are formed in two ends of an eddy current disc body, ineffective eddy currents which do not contribute to torsion in a conductor area are reduced, left iron blocks and right iron blocks are arranged on the left end face and the right end face of the eddy current disc body, the left iron blocks and the right iron blocks are arranged in a staggered mode along the circumferential direction of the eddy current disc body, magnetic leakage is reduced, air gap flux density is improved, the utilization rate of magnetic materials is improved, air gap flux density distribution is more reasonable, torque transmitted between a driving disc and a driven disc is increased, fluctuation of torque is reduced, mixed magnetic poles in magnetic rings can modulate the spatial distribution of an air gap magnetic field, the spatial distribution of the air gap magnetic field is more reasonable, torque fluctuation caused by air gap magnetic field distortion is reduced, the amount of magnetic materials is reduced through layering of small magnetic blocks and nonmagnetic materials which are obliquely magnetized, the air gap flux density distribution is optimized, torque output is improved, the torque fluctuation is reduced, and the utilization rate of a permanent magnet is effectively improved.

Claims (11)

1.一种开槽盘式永磁涡流联轴器,它包括主动盘(1)、主动轴(3)、从动盘(2)、从动轴(4),主动盘(1)与主动轴(3)同轴设置且两者相连接,从动盘(2)与从动轴(4)同轴设置且两者相连接,主动盘(1)与从动盘(2)同轴设置,其特征是:主动盘(1)包括背铁盘Ⅰ(5)、磁圈(6),背铁盘Ⅰ(5)与磁圈(6)同轴设置,磁圈(6)固定在背铁盘Ⅰ(5)与从动盘(2)相对的内表面上,背铁盘Ⅰ(5)与主动轴(3)之间通过连接柱Ⅰ(9)连接;从动盘(2)包括涡流组合盘(7)、背铁盘Ⅱ(8),涡流组合盘(7)和背铁盘Ⅱ(8)同轴设置,涡流组合盘(7)与磁圈(6)相对设置,涡流组合盘(7)、背铁盘Ⅱ(8)紧固在一起,涡流组合盘(7)、背铁盘Ⅱ(8)与从动轴(4)之间通过连接柱Ⅱ(10)连接;涡流组合盘(7)包括涡流盘本体(15)、若干块左铁块(16)、若干块右铁块(17),涡流盘本体(15)左右两个端面上皆分布有呈环形阵列的矩形槽或扇形槽,且左右两个端面上的槽的个数相等,左右两个端面上的槽沿涡流盘本体(15)的圆周方向交错布置,左端面上的任一槽与右端面上的任一槽在涡流盘本体(15)的周向上的位置皆不重合,涡流盘本体(15)左端面的每一个槽内皆布置有一块左铁块(16),涡流盘本体(15)右端面的每一个槽内皆布置有一块右铁块(17)。1. A slotted disc type permanent magnet eddy current coupling, comprising an active disc (1), an active shaft (3), a driven disc (2), and a driven shaft (4), wherein the active disc (1) and the active shaft (3) are coaxially arranged and connected, the driven disc (2) and the driven shaft (4) are coaxially arranged and connected, and the active disc (1) and the driven disc (2) are coaxially arranged, wherein: the active disc (1) comprises a back iron disc I (5) and a magnetic ring (6), the back iron disc I (5) and the magnetic ring (6) are coaxially arranged, the magnetic ring (6) is fixed on the inner surface of the back iron disc I (5) and the driven disc (2) opposite to each other, and the back iron disc I (5) and the active shaft (3) are connected by a connecting column I (9); the driven disc (2) comprises an eddy current combination disc (7) and a back iron disc II (8), the eddy current combination disc (7) and the back iron disc II (8) are coaxially arranged, the eddy current combination disc (7) and the magnetic ring (6) are arranged relative to each other, and the eddy current combination disc (7) and the magnetic ring (6) are arranged relative to each other. The eddy current assembly disk (7) and the back iron disk II (8) are fastened together, and the eddy current assembly disk (7), the back iron disk II (8) and the driven shaft (4) are connected via a connecting column II (10); the eddy current assembly disk (7) comprises an eddy current disk body (15), a plurality of left iron blocks (16), and a plurality of right iron blocks (17); rectangular grooves or fan-shaped grooves in an annular array are distributed on the left and right end surfaces of the eddy current disk body (15), and the number of grooves on the left and right end surfaces is equal; the grooves on the left and right end surfaces are arranged alternately along the circumferential direction of the eddy current disk body (15); any groove on the left end surface and any groove on the right end surface do not overlap in the circumferential direction of the eddy current disk body (15); a left iron block (16) is arranged in each groove on the left end surface of the eddy current disk body (15), and a right iron block (17) is arranged in each groove on the right end surface of the eddy current disk body (15). 2.根据权利要求1所述的开槽盘式永磁涡流联轴器,其特征是:涡流盘本体(15)的左端面上的所有槽的形状、尺寸相同,槽的深度小于涡流盘本体(15)厚度,左铁块(16)的形状、尺寸与涡流盘本体(15)的左端面上的槽的形状、尺寸相同。2. The slotted disc permanent magnet eddy current coupling according to claim 1 is characterized in that: all the grooves on the left end surface of the eddy current disc body (15) have the same shape and size, the depth of the grooves is less than the thickness of the eddy current disc body (15), and the shape and size of the left iron block (16) are the same as the shape and size of the grooves on the left end surface of the eddy current disc body (15). 3.根据权利要求1所述的开槽盘式永磁涡流联轴器,其特征是:涡流盘本体(15)的右端面上的所有槽的形状、尺寸相同,槽的深度小于涡流盘本体(15)厚度,右铁块(17)的形状、尺寸与涡流盘本体(15)的右端面上的槽的形状、尺寸相同。3. The slotted disc permanent magnet eddy current coupling according to claim 1 is characterized in that: all the grooves on the right end surface of the eddy current disc body (15) have the same shape and size, the depth of the grooves is less than the thickness of the eddy current disc body (15), and the shape and size of the right iron block (17) are the same as the shape and size of the grooves on the right end surface of the eddy current disc body (15). 4.根据权利要求1所述的开槽盘式永磁涡流联轴器,其特征是:涡流盘本体(15)材料为导电材料。4. The slotted disc permanent magnet eddy current coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that the material of the eddy current disc body (15) is a conductive material. 5.根据权利要求4所述的开槽盘式永磁涡流联轴器,其特征是:涡流盘本体(15)材料为铜。5. The slotted disc permanent magnet eddy current coupling according to claim 4, characterized in that the material of the eddy current disc body (15) is copper. 6.根据权利要求1所述的开槽盘式永磁涡流联轴器,其特征是:磁圈(6)由多个混合磁极(61)组成环形,每个混合磁极(61)均为扇环形结构且形状、尺寸相同,每个混合磁极(61)的合磁场方向沿主动盘(1)的轴向,相邻的混合磁极(61)的合磁场方向相反。6. The slotted disc permanent magnet eddy current coupling according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the magnetic ring (6) is composed of a plurality of mixed magnetic poles (61) in a ring shape, each mixed magnetic pole (61) is a fan-shaped ring structure and has the same shape and size, the direction of the combined magnetic field of each mixed magnetic pole (61) is along the axial direction of the active disc (1), and the directions of the combined magnetic fields of adjacent mixed magnetic poles (61) are opposite. 7.根据权利要求6所述的开槽盘式永磁涡流联轴器,其特征是:每个混合磁极(61)均包括磁块(13)、对称设置在磁块(13)左右两边的各一个聚磁单元(14);磁块(13)与聚磁单元(14)均为扇环形结构,聚磁单元(14)与磁块(13)沿主动盘(1)轴向的厚度相同,聚磁单元(14)与磁块(13)沿主动盘(1)径向的尺寸大小相同。7. The slotted disc type permanent magnet eddy current coupling according to claim 6 is characterized in that: each hybrid magnetic pole (61) includes a magnetic block (13) and a magnetic focusing unit (14) symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the magnetic block (13); the magnetic block (13) and the magnetic focusing unit (14) are both fan-shaped structures, the magnetic focusing unit (14) and the magnetic block (13) have the same thickness along the axial direction of the active disk (1), and the magnetic focusing unit (14) and the magnetic block (13) have the same size along the radial direction of the active disk (1). 8.根据权利要求7所述的开槽盘式永磁涡流联轴器,其特征是:每个聚磁单元(14)均包括一块调磁块(11)、一块小磁块(12);调磁块(11)为非铁磁性材料,小磁块(12)为永磁材料,磁块(13)为永磁材料;同一个混合磁极(61)中:磁块(13)沿主动盘(1)轴向充磁,左右两边的小磁块(12)的充磁方向与磁块(13)的充磁方向之间的角度范围为30°~90°。8. The slotted disc permanent magnet eddy current coupling according to claim 7 is characterized in that: each magnetic focusing unit (14) includes a magnetic adjustment block (11) and a small magnetic block (12); the magnetic adjustment block (11) is made of non-ferromagnetic material, the small magnetic block (12) is made of permanent magnetic material, and the magnetic block (13) is made of permanent magnetic material; in the same mixed magnetic pole (61): the magnetic block (13) is magnetized along the axial direction of the active disc (1), and the angle between the magnetization direction of the small magnetic blocks (12) on the left and right sides and the magnetization direction of the magnetic block (13) is in the range of 30° to 90°. 9.根据权利要求8所述的开槽盘式永磁涡流联轴器,其特征是:每个聚磁单元中的调磁块(11)、小磁块(12)沿磁圈(6)的厚度方向设置,调磁块(11)与小磁块(12)之间固定连接,且调磁块(11)的外端面固定连接在背铁盘(I5)上。9. The slotted disc type permanent magnet eddy current coupling according to claim 8 is characterized in that: the magnetic adjustment block (11) and the small magnetic block (12) in each magnetic focusing unit are arranged along the thickness direction of the magnetic ring (6), the magnetic adjustment block (11) and the small magnetic block (12) are fixedly connected, and the outer end surface of the magnetic adjustment block (11) is fixedly connected to the back iron disk (I5). 10.根据权利要求8所述的开槽盘式永磁涡流联轴器,其特征是:调磁块(11)为扇环形,小磁块(12)为扇环形,调磁块(11)与小磁块(12)沿主动盘(1)径向的尺寸大小相同,调磁块(11)与小磁块(12)沿主动盘(1)轴向的厚度相等。10. The slotted disc type permanent magnet eddy current coupling according to claim 8 is characterized in that: the magnetic adjustment block (11) is a sector ring, the small magnetic block (12) is a sector ring, the magnetic adjustment block (11) and the small magnetic block (12) have the same radial size along the active disc (1), and the magnetic adjustment block (11) and the small magnetic block (12) have the same axial thickness along the active disc (1). 11.根据权利要求8所述的开槽盘式永磁涡流联轴器,其特征是:调磁块(11)选用铝材料,小磁块(12)和磁块(13)选用钕磁铁。11. The slotted disc permanent magnet eddy current coupling according to claim 8, characterized in that the magnetic adjustment block (11) is made of aluminum material, and the small magnetic block (12) and the magnetic block (13) are made of neodymium magnets.
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