CN110676554B - Low-profile ultra-wideband indoor communication plane structure antenna - Google Patents
Low-profile ultra-wideband indoor communication plane structure antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN110676554B CN110676554B CN201910711561.5A CN201910711561A CN110676554B CN 110676554 B CN110676554 B CN 110676554B CN 201910711561 A CN201910711561 A CN 201910711561A CN 110676554 B CN110676554 B CN 110676554B
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- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 126
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 65
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010295 mobile communication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/007—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas specially adapted for indoor communication
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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Abstract
The invention discloses a low-profile ultra-wideband indoor communication plane structure antenna. The invention comprises a dielectric plate, a metal patch and a metal grounding plate; various lumped circuits such as a resistor circuit and an inductor circuit are loaded between the metal patch and the metal grounding plate in series-parallel connection, the feeder line is connected to the metal patch after two microstrip lines with different lengths are connected in series by the second resistor and the inductor, and the ground of the feeder line is directly connected with the metal grounding plate. The input impedance of the antenna is effectively improved, the bandwidth of the antenna is effectively widened, and the gain of the antenna is improved through a resistance-inductance mixed series loading technology and a resistance parallel loading technology. The invention realizes the low-profile characteristic of the antenna, realizes the ultra-wideband frequency coverage of 100-3000MHz, and has higher gain in the working frequency band.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an indoor antenna of a mobile communication system, in particular to an ultra-wideband indoor plane structure antenna loaded by utilizing a lumped circuit.
Background
With the increasing demand of people on communication quality, the characteristic of mobile communication multiband and multi-system coexistence requires that the indoor antenna can cover multiple frequency bands as much as possible. In addition, due to the special environment of the indoor, the indoor antenna is also required to have a low profile characteristic so as to be conformal to a building and to be aesthetically designed indoors. However, at present, an indoor antenna can only cover a specific frequency band, and has a relatively large profile and a relatively large size, and cannot meet the requirements of ultra-wideband and low profile. Although the low-profile characteristic of the planar antenna meets the requirement of small volume of the indoor antenna, the general technology is difficult to cover the ultra-wideband, such as the whole continuous frequency band of 100-3000MHz and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of large volume, high section, complex structure and narrow coverage frequency band of the existing indoor antenna, and provides a low-section ultra-wideband planar structure antenna aiming at the requirements of the indoor antenna on the section and the coverage of a plurality of frequency bands. The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a low-profile ultra-wideband indoor communication planar structure antenna comprises a dielectric plate (3) and a metal layer arranged on the top layer of the dielectric plate (3), wherein the metal layer is composed of a metal patch (1) and a metal ground plate (2).
Various lumped circuits such as resistor and inductor circuits are loaded in series between the metal patch and the metal ground plate.
The metal patch is connected with the tail end of the metal grounding plate in parallel to load a first resistor.
The feeder line is connected to the metal patch by a second resistor and an inductor after being connected in series with two microstrip lines with different lengths, and the ground of the feeder line is directly connected with the metal grounding plate; the input impedance of the antenna is effectively improved, the bandwidth of the antenna is effectively widened, and the gain of the antenna is improved through a resistance-inductance mixed series loading technology and a resistance parallel loading technology; the method comprises the following specific steps:
the metal patch (1) and the metal grounding plate (2) are coupled through the gap and the bent stepped metal in a reinforcing mode, and the performance of the antenna is improved.
The metal patch (1) is provided with a slender branch radiation unit (11) and a bent radiation branch (12) which are integrally formed with the metal patch (1); a rectangular gap (13) is reserved between the elongated branch radiation unit (11) and the bent radiation branch (12); an irregular gap (14) is reserved at the bending part of the bent radiation branch (12); the rectangular slot (13) and the irregular slot (14) can change the current flow direction, prolong the effective path of the current and further widen the impedance bandwidth of the antenna.
The metal patch also has a first coupling metal patch (15) and a second coupling metal patch (16). The first coupling metal patch (15) is positioned at the tail end of the bent radiation branch (12), and a gap is reserved between the first coupling metal patch and the bent radiation branch; the second coupling metal patch (16) is positioned at the tail end of the first coupling metal patch (15), and a gap is reserved between the second coupling metal patch and the first coupling metal patch.
The metal grounding plate (2) is provided with a radiation branch (21) which is integrally formed with the metal grounding plate (2) and has a bent tail end in a step shape; the last stage of the tail end of the radiation branch knot (21) extends into the rectangular slot (13) and is not contacted with the metal patch (1); the slender branch radiating unit (11) extends into the bent part of the radiating branch (21) and is not contacted with the metal grounding plate (2).
The metal grounding plate (2) is also provided with a bent slender branch radiation unit (22) and a short branch radiation unit (23) which are integrally formed with the metal grounding plate (2); the radiation unit (22) and the radiation unit (23) are perpendicular to each other but not in contact with each other, and the straight line of the radiation unit (23) is positioned at one third of the connecting end of the radiation unit (22) and the metal grounding plate.
The metal grounding plate is also provided with a bent branch node radiation unit (24) which is integrally formed with the metal grounding plate (2) and has a branched tail end. The unit is located above the radiating unit (22) and the radiating unit (23).
A rectangular notch (25) is formed at the position of the metal grounding plate (2) close to the metal patch (1).
An inductor (5) is connected in series between the long microstrip line (71) and the short microstrip line (72); a second resistor (4) is connected in series between the short microstrip line (72) and the metal patch. Two microstrip lines are connected in series in the rectangular gap.
The metal patch and the end of the metal ground plate are loaded with a first resistor (6) in parallel.
The feed point of the feeder line is positioned at the tail end of the long microstrip line, and the ground of the feeder line is connected with the metal grounding plate.
The planar structure antenna is not limited to coaxial feeding, but also comprises microstrip feeding, slot coupling feeding and coplanar waveguide feeding modes.
The planar structure antenna is not limited to the square structure, and can be various conformal structures such as a circle, an ellipse or a rectangle.
Preferably, the metal patch (1) and the metal ground plate (2) may not be located on the same horizontal layer, or may be in a multilayer structure in which the metal patch (1) and the metal ground plate (2) are located on different horizontal layers, or the radiating branches on the metal patch (1) and the metal ground plate (2) and the main body thereof are located on different layers and are coupled and connected through a slot.
The planar antenna is not limited to the above lumped circuit layout structure, but also includes a plurality of lumped circuit combination designs.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: 1. the antenna is manufactured by adopting the PCB with a planar structure, the low-profile characteristic of the antenna is realized, in addition, the ultra-wideband frequency coverage of 100-plus-3000 MHz is realized by adopting the resistance-inductance mixed series loading technology, the resistance parallel loading technology and the improvement of the radiation patch, and the antenna has higher gain in the working frequency band. 2. The low profile nature of the present invention facilitates its conformal and indoor aesthetic design. 3. The invention has small volume, light weight, simple manufacture and convenient batch manufacture.
Drawings
FIG. 1(a) is a first schematic diagram of an antenna structure; FIG. 1(b) is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna metal layer;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the position of the antenna lumped element, i.e., a partial enlarged view of fig. 1 (a);
FIG. 3 shows the antenna S corresponding to FIG. 111A parameter test result;
FIG. 4 shows the gain-frequency test results for the antenna shown in FIG. 1;
fig. 5(a) - (D) correspond to the antenna radiation pattern test results for the different frequency points shown in fig. 1.
In the figure, a metal patch 1, a metal ground plate 2, a dielectric plate 3, a second resistor 4, an inductor 5, a first resistor 6, a long microstrip line 71, a short microstrip line 72, a long and thin branch radiation unit 11, a bent radiation branch 12, a rectangular slot 13, an irregular gap 14, a first coupling metal patch 15, a second coupling metal patch 16, a bent branch 21 with a stepped tail end, a bent long and thin branch radiation unit 22, a short branch 23, a branch radiation unit 24 with a bent tail end being forked, and a rectangular notch 25 are provided.
Detailed Description
To more clearly illustrate the problems solved by the present invention, the technical solutions adopted and the advantages, the following description is taken in conjunction with the illustrative embodiments of the present invention, the preferred embodiments described herein are only used for illustrating and explaining the present invention and are not used for limiting the present invention, and all modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like which are within the spirit and principle of the present invention are made. Are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1(a) and (b), the low-profile ultra-wideband indoor communication planar structure antenna includes a dielectric plate 3 and a metal layer disposed on the top layer of the dielectric plate 3, wherein the metal layer is composed of a metal patch 1 and a metal ground plate 2 and is located on the same horizontal layer.
The dielectric sheet 3 used was an FR4 plate material having a dielectric constant of 4.4 and a size of 310mm by 270mm by 0.8 mm.
The metal patch 1 is used as a main radiation patch, the overall size of the metal patch 1 is 310mm in length a and 270mm in width b, and the metal patch 1 is provided with an elongated branch radiation unit 11 and a bent radiation branch 12 which are integrally formed with the metal patch 1; the length a1 of the slender branch radiating element 11 is 102mm, the width d1 of the gap between the slender branch radiating element and the ground plate is 5mm, and the partial structure is used for improving the high-frequency-band partial radiation characteristic; a rectangular gap 13 is reserved between the elongated branch radiation unit 11 and the bent radiation branch 12, and the width of the rectangular gap 13 is 7.5 mm; the bent radiation branch 12 is bent along the edge of the dielectric slab, the width d2 is 50mm, the width d3 at the tail end is 40mm, and an irregular gap 14 is reserved at the bent position; the design is used for improving the surface current distribution of the antenna, and is beneficial to impedance matching of the antenna, improving the radiation performance of the antenna and improving the gain of the antenna.
The metal patch also has a first coupling metal patch 15 and a second coupling metal patch 16. The first coupling metal patch 15 is positioned at the tail end of the bent radiation branch 12, and a gap is reserved between the first coupling metal patch and the bent radiation branch 12; the second coupling metal patch 16 is located at the end of the first coupling metal patch 15, and a gap is left between the two.
The metal grounding plate 2 is provided with a radiation branch node 21 which is integrally formed with the metal grounding plate 2, the bent tail end of the radiation branch node is in a step shape, and the width and length of the penultimate step are a7 b 7-13 mm 31.5 mm; the last stage of the tail end of the radiation branch section 21 extends into the rectangular slot 13 and is not contacted with the metal patch 1; the elongated stub radiating element 11 extends into the bend of the radiating stub 21 and does not contact the metal ground plane 2.
The metal ground plate 2 is also provided with bent slender branch radiation units 22 and short branch radiation units 23 which are integrally formed with the metal ground plate 2, and the sizes of the bent slender branch radiation units are respectively a5 b5 mm-20 mm-67 mm, and a6 b6 mm-12 mm-27 mm; the radiation unit 22 and the radiation unit 23 are perpendicular to each other but do not contact each other, and the line of the radiation unit 23 is located at one third of the connection end of the radiation unit 22 and the metal ground plate.
The radiation branch 21 with the stepped end, the bent long and thin branch radiation unit 22 and the short branch radiation unit 23 are mainly used for enhancing the coupling with the metal patch 1 and contributing to widening the bandwidth of the antenna.
The metal ground plate also has a bifurcated stub radiating element 24 integrally formed with the metal ground plate 2. The cell is located above the radiating elements 22 and 23.
The metal grounding plate 2 is provided with a rectangular notch 25 near the metal patch 1.
As shown in fig. 2, a patch inductor 5 having an inductance value of 1nH is connected in series between the long microstrip line 71(a3 × b3 — 31.5mm × 4.1mm) and the short microstrip line 72(a4 × b4 — 6.1mm × 4.6 mm); a second patch resistor 4 with the resistance value of 39 ohms is connected in series between the short microstrip line 72 and the metal patch, so that the input impedance of the antenna can be effectively improved, and the bandwidth of the antenna is expanded. The two microstrip lines after the series connection are positioned in the rectangular gap.
The tail ends of the metal patch and the metal grounding plate are connected in parallel with the first patch resistor 6 with the resistance value of 62 ohms, so that the impedance matching of the low-frequency part can be effectively improved.
The excitation of the antenna adopts coaxial feed, the feed point of a feeder line of a coaxial line is positioned at the tail end of a long microstrip line, and the ground of the feeder line is connected with a metal grounding plate.
As shown in fig. 3, the measured S11 parameter of the antenna of this embodiment reaches about-10 dB in the frequency band of 100-3000 MHz. The method can cover most of mobile communication frequency bands, and the invention has good impedance bandwidth characteristics.
As shown in fig. 4, the actually measured gain-frequency diagram of the antenna of this embodiment has a maximum gain of 0.8dBi in the frequency band of 100-3000 MHz. The gain is around-2 dBi in the frequency range of 700-3000 MHz.
As shown in fig. 5(a-D), the antenna radiation pattern test results of frequencies 156MHz, 380MHz, 698MHz, 1800MHz, including the E-plane (dashed line) and the H-plane (solid line), can be seen to have good omni-directional characteristics.
The above embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and all embodiments are within the scope of the present invention as long as the requirements of the present invention are met.
Claims (6)
1. A low-profile ultra-wideband indoor communication planar structure antenna is characterized by comprising a dielectric plate (3) and a metal layer arranged on the top layer of the dielectric plate (3), wherein the metal layer is composed of a metal patch (1) and a metal ground plate (2); the antenna is characterized in that the metal patch (1) and the metal grounding plate (2) are coupled through a gap and a bent stepped metal radiating unit in a reinforcing way;
the tail ends of the metal patch and the metal grounding plate are connected in parallel to load a first lumped circuit;
the feeder line is connected to the metal patch by a second lumped circuit after being connected in series with two microstrip lines with different lengths, and the ground of the feeder line is directly connected with the metal grounding plate;
the metal patch (1) is provided with a first elongated branch radiating unit (11) and a bent radiating branch (12), wherein the first elongated branch radiating unit and the bent radiating branch are integrally formed with the metal patch (1); a rectangular gap (13) is reserved between the first elongated branch radiating unit (11) and the bent radiating branch (12); an irregular gap (14) is reserved at the bending part of the bent radiation branch (12);
the metal patch is also provided with a first coupling metal patch (15) and a second coupling metal patch (16); the first coupling metal patch (15) is positioned at the tail end of the bent radiation branch (12), and a gap is reserved between the first coupling metal patch and the bent radiation branch; the second coupling metal patch (16) is positioned at the tail end of the first coupling metal patch (15), and a gap is reserved between the second coupling metal patch and the first coupling metal patch;
the metal grounding plate (2) is provided with a radiation branch (21) which is integrally formed with the metal grounding plate (2) and has a bent tail end in a step shape; the last stage of the tail end of the radiation branch (21) with the bent tail end in a step shape extends into the rectangular gap (13) and is not contacted with the metal patch (1); the first slender branch radiating unit (11) extends into the bent part of the radiation branch (21) with the bent tail end in a step shape and is not contacted with the metal grounding plate (2);
the metal ground plate (2) is also provided with a second bent slender branch radiation unit (22) and a short branch radiation unit (23) which are integrally formed with the metal ground plate (2); the second slender branch radiation unit (22) and the short branch radiation unit (23) are perpendicular to each other but not in contact with each other, and the straight line where the short branch radiation unit (23) is located at one third of the connecting end of the second slender branch radiation unit (22) and the metal grounding plate;
the metal grounding plate is also provided with a bent branch node radiation unit (24) which is integrally formed with the metal grounding plate (2) and has a forked tail end; the unit is positioned above the second elongated branch radiation unit (22) and the short branch radiation unit (23);
a rectangular notch (25) is formed in the metal grounding plate (2) close to the metal patch (1);
an inductor (5) is connected in series between the long microstrip line (71) and the short microstrip line (72); a second resistor (4) is connected in series between the short microstrip line (72) and the metal patch; the two microstrip lines after series connection are positioned in the rectangular notch;
the tail ends of the metal patch and the metal grounding plate are connected in parallel to load a first resistor (6);
the feed point of the feeder line is positioned at the tail end of the long microstrip line, and the ground of the feeder line is connected with the metal grounding plate.
2. The low-profile ultra-wideband indoor communication planar structure antenna as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first lumped circuit is a first resistor.
3. A low-profile ultra-wideband indoor communication planar structure antenna as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the second lumped circuit is a second resistor and an inductor; an inductor (5) is connected in series between the two micro-strip lines; and a second resistor (4) is connected in series between the microstrip line and the metal patch after series connection.
4. The low-profile ultra-wideband indoor communication planar structure antenna as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the planar structure antenna is not limited to coaxial feeding, but also includes feeding by microstrip, slot coupling and coplanar waveguide.
5. A low-profile ultra-wideband indoor communication planar structure antenna as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein said planar structure antenna is circular or elliptical or rectangular.
6. A low-profile ultra-wideband indoor communication planar structure antenna as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the overall size of the metal patch (1) is 310mm in length a and 270mm in width b; the length a1 of the first slender branch radiating element (11) is 102mm, and the width d1 of a gap between the first slender branch radiating element and the ground plate is 5 mm; the width of the rectangular gap (13) is 7.5 mm; the width d2 of the bending area of the bent radiation branch knot (12) is 50mm, and the width d3 of the tail end is 40 mm; the width a7 of the penultimate step of the radiation branch (21) with the bent tail end being a step is 13mm, and the length b7 is 31.5 mm; the width a5 of the bent second elongated branch radiation unit (22) is 20mm, and the length b5 is 67 mm; the short-branch radiation unit (23) has the width a6 of 12mm and the length b6 of 27 mm.
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| JP4332494B2 (en) * | 2004-12-22 | 2009-09-16 | アルプス電気株式会社 | Antenna device |
| US20100289700A1 (en) * | 2009-05-15 | 2010-11-18 | Chung-Wen Yang | Multi-band antenna |
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| CN204103039U (en) * | 2014-09-24 | 2015-01-14 | 福州大学至诚学院 | Frequency reconfigurable microstrip antenna |
| CN106299705A (en) * | 2016-10-20 | 2017-01-04 | 南京理工大学 | A Planar Broadband Filter Antenna |
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| CN107959111A (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-04-24 | 河南师范大学 | A kind of double frequency electricity small gap antenna |
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