CN110663596A - Vertical isolation stepping type three-dimensional breeding workshop for continuously producing prawns and breeding method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a three-dimensional culturing workshop and a culturing method for continuously producing prawns in a vertical isolation step-by-step manner. The aquaculture workshop is a three-dimensional and multi-layer design, which cultivates shrimp seedlings ranging from small to large from top to bottom, and each layer is an independent recirculating aquaculture system; this method divides the whole process of shrimp cultivation into multiple stages. Independent of each other and isolate pathogens, establish strict disease detection and control procedures at each stage, cut off the vertical spread of pathogens, and control the risk of shrimp farming in each relatively independent farming stage. The seedlings are fed at certain intervals, and at the same time, the cultured shrimps in each stage are transferred to the next stage to realize step-by-step continuous culture, and realize the continuous output of shrimps in the last stage of culture.

Description

A three-dimensional aquaculture workshop and aquaculture for continuous production of prawns in vertical isolation and step-by-step mode method

Background technique

The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture, and provides a three-dimensional aquaculture workshop and a culture method for continuously producing prawns in a vertical isolation step-by-step type, especially the circulating aquaculture of Litopeneeaus vannamei. Litopenaeus vannamei, also known as Penaeus vannamei.

Examples and analysis of patented technologies that are conceptually related to the present invention but different in substance are as follows: Patent CN201410338286.4 discloses a pond segmented culture method, which utilizes the pond potential difference to achieve three stages from high to low. It belongs to the traditional extensive pond culture mode and method. This method proposes the concept of segmented culture, but the technology used in pathogen prevention and control, risk avoidance, breeding density, water quality control and other aspects are different; Patent CN201510350035. 2 discloses a method for culturing Penaeus vannamei in stages based on shrimp age. The method cultivates Penaeus vannamei in four shrimp ponds descending stepwise according to the age of the shrimp, and in the shrimp ponds, the Penaeus vannamei and crabs are cultured. The seedlings are cultured in mixed batches, which belongs to the traditional extensive pond culture mode and method. This method proposes the concept of segmented culture. The technology and the like are different from the process technology of the present invention.

Existing factory-based shrimp farming involves putting prawns into the farming system from seed to product shrimp. Four crops of shrimp can be farmed without production throughout the year, and shrimp are concentrated in the later stage of farming. The farming risk runs through the entire farming cycle. The breeding load of the recirculating water shrimp culture system is designed according to the maximum biomass in the later stage of breeding. In the early stage of breeding, the actual biomass of the breeding pond is much lower than the system carrying capacity. Therefore, the one-stage breeding mode causes waste of equipment capacity and long breeding risk cycle. , and cannot meet the future industrial demand for planned production and continuous shrimp production.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to make full use of the aquaculture load of the recirculating aquaculture system, improve production efficiency, reduce the risk of pathogen transmission, climate disaster risk and abnormal water quality risk during the aquaculture process, the whole process of aquaculture risks is reduced to zero, and a series of purposes such as continuous shrimp production are realized. The invention provides a three-dimensional culturing workshop and culturing method for continuously producing prawns in a vertical isolation step-by-step manner.

The purpose of this invention is to realize through the following technical solutions:

A three-dimensional breeding workshop and a breeding method for continuously producing prawns in a vertical isolation step-by-step manner. The breeding workshop is a multi-layer indoor workshop with a three-dimensional and multi-layer layout from top to bottom. For shrimps in the same size range, it is a culture stage, each layer is a culture stage, and each layer is an independent recirculating aquaculture system;

The two adjacent layers are connected with a pipeline for transferring shrimp fry. There are more than two valves on the pipeline. A transition area is formed between the adjacent valves. The transition area is equipped with a pipeline-type ultraviolet sterilizer for killing shrimp fry. During the transfer process, all kinds of pathogens in the residual water body in the pipeline can be cut off from upstream and downstream pathogen transmission. The principle of water body proportion distribution from top to bottom is: according to the same number of shrimp seedlings, different breeding stages correspond to the water body required for the breeding density of shrimp seedlings. volume is set;

The breeding workshop adopts the recirculating aquaculture process mode for breeding, and the breeding process from shrimp seed to product shrimp is divided into multiple (preferably 3-5) independent breeding stages. The breeding systems of each breeding stage are independent of each other, and the breeding water bodies Isolate, cut off the vertical transmission of pathogens, and conduct pathogen detection on shrimp seedlings entering and leaving the breeding stage. Shrimp seedlings without pathogens can enter the next stage of the breeding system. If pathogens are found, they will not be transferred to the next stage, and should be stopped. Treatment and thorough disinfection of the aquaculture system at this stage.

The division of breeding stages is usually carried out according to the same breeding time. After each stage of breeding, the shrimp will enter the next stage for breeding in turn. Stages are usually divided into three to five stages.

Multiple groups of step-by-step aquaculture workshops can arrange production time at different times, so that the end-stage aquaculture system can continuously produce prawns.

The division of the breeding stage is usually carried out according to the same breeding time, and the proportion of the water body volume of each layer from top to bottom gradually increases. The distribution principle is: three-layer type 1:3:10, five-layer type 1:2:4:8:12 ; other layering methods can be deduced accordingly.

The breeding stages are divided into:

Three-stage method: Take 30 days as a section, the body length of shrimp fry is about P5-3cm, 3cm-6cm, 6cm-10cm, the volume ratio of aquaculture water is 1:3:10, and the breeding density is about 10,000 tails/ ^m3 . , 3000-3500 tails/m ³ , 800-1000 tails/m ³ ;

Five-stage method: Take 20 days as a section, the body lengths of shrimp fry are about P5-2cm, 2cm-4cm, 4cm-6cm, 6cm-9cm, 9cm-11cm, and the volume ratio of the aquaculture water is 1:2:4:8: 12. The breeding density is about 14000-16000/m ³ , 6000-8000/m ³ , 2500-3500/m ³ , 1200-1700/m ³ , 800-1000/m ³ respectively.

The independent aquaculture stages should be carried out in independent aquaculture systems. The water body of each independent aquaculture system is isolated from the water bodies of other aquaculture systems at various stages. Vertical transmission between stages.

When the shrimp fry are transferred from the previous stage to the next stage of the culture system, they can flow through the connecting pipeline under the action of the water level difference.

There are one or more breeding tanks with the same capacity in each layer of breeding stage, and the number of breeding tanks on the adjacent two layers is the same or the number of breeding tanks on the upper layer is greater than the number of breeding tanks on the lower layer;

Except for the bottom layer, the cultivation tanks of the other layers are respectively provided with pipes for transferring shrimp fry which are connected with the cultivation tanks of the adjacent lower layer cultivation stage.

One or more aquaculture tanks on each layer are an independent circulating water system.

The advantages and positive effects of the present invention are:

1. The three-dimensional design of the breeding workshop saves land area and makes it possible to develop shrimp farming in big cities and urban suburbs.

2. The layered dislocation design of the breeding pond is convenient for the connection of different breeding stages and the non-destructive and rapid transfer of shrimp fry.

3. The breeding process is divided into multiple stages, each breeding stage is independent of each other, and the breeding risk is reduced to zero.

4. During the breeding process, shrimp seedlings enter and leave each breeding stage for pathogen monitoring, that is, to achieve vertical isolation of pathogens.

5. Through staggered production arrangements and step-by-step multi-stage farming, continuous shrimp production can be achieved.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is one of three-dimensional aquaculture workshop schematic diagrams of the present invention's longitudinally isolated step-by-step continuous production of prawns;

Fig. 2 is the second schematic diagram of the three-dimensional aquaculture workshop of the present invention for longitudinally isolating step-by-step continuous production of prawns;

3 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional breeding workshop and a breeding method for continuously producing prawns in a vertical isolation step-by-step manner according to the present invention.

Detailed ways

The invention provides a three-dimensional culturing workshop and a culturing method for continuously producing prawns in a vertical isolation step-by-step manner. The method divides the whole process of shrimp farming into multiple stages, each of which is independent of each other and isolates pathogens, establishes a strict disease detection and control process at each stage, cuts off the vertical spread of pathogens, and controls the risk of shrimp farming in the whole process. In a relatively independent culture stage, according to the division of the number of segments, seedlings are fed at regular intervals, and at the same time, the cultured shrimp in each stage is transferred to the next stage to realize step-by-step continuous culture. output.

Example 1

Three-stage method: Take 30 days as a section, the body length of shrimp fry is about P5-3cm, 3cm-6cm, 6cm-10cm, the volume ratio of aquaculture water is 1:3:10, and the breeding density is about 10,000 tails/ ^m3 . , 3000-3500 tails/m ³ , 800-1000 tails/m ³ ;

The specific structure of the three-dimensional breeding workshop is:

The aquaculture workshop is a layered indoor workshop with a three-layer layout from top to bottom. From top to bottom, each layer is used to culture shrimps of different sizes ranging from small to large. The same size range is a breeding stage, and each layer is a breeding stage. , each layer is an independent circulating water system;

There are pipes for transferring shrimp fry between the two adjacent layers, and two valves are arranged on the pipes, and a transition zone is formed between the adjacent valves for cutting off pathogens;

The breeding workshop adopts the recirculating aquaculture process mode for breeding, and the breeding process from shrimp seed to product shrimp is divided into 3 independent breeding stages. , Carry out pathogen detection on the shrimp seedlings entering and leaving the breeding stage. The shrimp seedlings without pathogens can enter the next stage of the breeding system. If the pathogens are not transferred to the next stage, stop loss treatment should be carried out, and the system should be thoroughly carried out. disinfect.

From top to bottom, the first layer has 50 cubic meters of aquaculture water, the second layer has 150 cubic meters of aquaculture water, and the third layer has 500 cubic meters of aquaculture water;

The culture tanks on the first layer and the second layer are respectively provided with pipes for transferring shrimp fry connected to the culture tanks in the adjacent lower layer.

When the shrimp fry are transferred from the previous stage to the next stage of the culture system, they can flow through the connecting pipeline under the action of the water level difference.

Example 2

Five-stage method: Take 20 days as a section, the body lengths of shrimp fry are about P5-2cm, 2cm-4cm, 4cm-6cm, 6cm-9cm, 9cm-11cm, and the volume ratio of the aquaculture water is 1:2:4:8: 12. The breeding density is about 14000-16000/m ³ , 6000-8000/m ³ , 2500-3500/m ³ , 1200-1700/m ³ , 800-1000/m ³ respectively.

The specific structure of the three-dimensional breeding workshop is:

The aquaculture workshop is a layered indoor workshop, with a three-dimensional 5-layer layout from top to bottom. From top to bottom, each layer cultivates shrimps of different sizes from small to large. The same size range is a breeding stage, and each layer is a breeding stage. , each layer is an independent circulating water system;

There are pipes for transferring shrimp fry between the two adjacent layers, and two valves are arranged on the pipes, and a transition zone is formed between the adjacent valves for cutting off pathogens;

The breeding workshop adopts the recirculating aquaculture technology mode for breeding, and the breeding process from shrimp seed to product shrimp is divided into five independent breeding stages. , Carry out pathogen detection on the shrimp seedlings entering and leaving the breeding stage. The shrimp seedlings without pathogens can enter the next stage of the breeding system. If the pathogens are not transferred to the next stage, stop loss treatment should be carried out, and the system should be thoroughly carried out. disinfect.

From top to bottom, the first layer has 50 cubic meters of aquaculture water, the second layer has 100 cubic meters of aquaculture water, the third layer has 200 cubic meters of aquaculture water, the fourth layer has 400 cubic meters of aquaculture water, and the fifth layer has 600 cubic meters of aquaculture water. ;

The cultivating tanks on the first to fourth layers are respectively provided with pipes for transferring shrimp fry connected to the cultivating tanks in the adjacent lower layers.

When the shrimp fry are transferred from the previous stage to the next stage of the culture system, they can flow through the connecting pipeline under the action of the water level difference.

Claims (9)

1. A vertical isolation stepping type three-dimensional cultivation workshop for continuously producing prawns and a cultivation method are characterized in that:

the culture workshop is a multilayer indoor workshop and is in a three-dimensional multilayer layout from top to bottom, the shrimps with different specification ranges from small to large are respectively cultured in each layer from top to bottom, a culture stage is arranged in the same specification range, each layer is a culture stage, and each layer is an independent recirculating aquaculture system;

the pipeline that has the transfer shrimp seedling between adjacent two-layer links to each other, is equipped with the valve more than 2 on the pipeline, forms the transition district between the adjacent valve, and the transition district is equipped with pipeline formula ultraviolet sterilizer for exterminateing all kinds of pathogenes in the residual water in the pipeline of shrimp seedling transfer in-process, cut off upstream and downstream pathogen propagation, the water proportion distribution principle of top-down each layer does: setting the water volume required by the shrimp larvae culture density at different culture stages according to the same number of the shrimp larvae;

the breeding workshop adopts a circulating water breeding process mode to breed, the breeding process from prawn seedlings to product shrimps is divided into a plurality of (preferably 3-5) independent breeding stages, the breeding systems of the breeding stages are mutually independent, breeding water bodies are mutually isolated, the longitudinal spread of pathogeny is cut off, the pathogeny detection is carried out on the prawn seedlings entering and leaving the breeding stages, the prawn seedlings without pathogeny detection can enter the breeding system of the next stage, the prawn seedlings without pathogeny detection can not be transferred to the next stage, damage-stopping treatment is carried out, and the breeding system of the stage is thoroughly disinfected.

2. The vertical isolation stepping type three-dimensional cultivation workshop and cultivation method for continuously producing prawns according to claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional cultivation workshop comprises: the breeding stages are divided into three stages to five stages, the prawns are bred in the next stage after the breeding of each stage is finished, newly-fed seedlings enter the vacated first-stage breeding pond, namely, the breeding process is propelled in a stepping mode, and the breeding stages are divided into three stages to five stages.

3. The vertical isolation stepping type three-dimensional cultivation workshop and cultivation method for continuously producing prawns according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the three-dimensional cultivation workshop comprises:

the multi-group stepping type cultivation workshop can realize continuous prawn production of the last-stage cultivation system by arranging production time in a staggered manner.

4. The vertical isolation stepping type three-dimensional cultivation workshop and the cultivation method for continuously producing prawns according to claim 1,

the division of the culture stage is generally carried out according to the same culture time, the water volume proportion of each layer from top to bottom is gradually increased, and the distribution principle is as follows: such as three layers 1:3:10, or five layers of formula 1: 2: 4: 8: 12; other hierarchical approaches may be analogized accordingly.

5. The vertical isolation stepping type three-dimensional cultivation workshop and the cultivation method for continuously producing prawns according to claim 1 or 4,

the cultivation stages are divided into:

three-stage: taking 30 days as a section, the length of the shrimp larvae is about P5-3cm, 3cm-6cm and 6cm-10cm respectively, the volume ratio of the culture water bodies of each layer from top to bottom is 1:3:10, and the culture density is about 10000 tails/m respectively³3000-3500 tail/m³800-1000 tail/m³；

A five-section formula: taking 20 days as a section, the length of the shrimp larvae is respectively about P5-2cm, 2cm-4cm, 4cm-6cm, 6cm-9cm and 9cm-11cm, and the volume ratio of the culture water bodies of all layers from top to bottom is 1: 2: 4: 8: 12, the culture density is about 14000-³6000-8000 tail/m³2500 + 3500 tail/m³1200-1700 tail/m³800-1000 tail/m³。

6. The vertical isolation stepping type three-dimensional cultivation workshop and cultivation method for continuously producing prawns according to claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional cultivation workshop comprises: the independent culture stages are carried out in independent culture systems, pathogen isolation is carried out on the water body of each independent culture system and the water bodies of the culture systems in other stages, and pathogen detection is carried out when shrimp larvae enter and exit the culture systems to block the longitudinal spread of pathogens among the stages.

7. The vertical isolation stepping type three-dimensional cultivation workshop and cultivation method for continuously producing prawns according to claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional cultivation workshop comprises: when the shrimp larvae are transferred from the previous section to the next section of the culture system, the shrimp larvae can automatically flow under the action of water head difference through the connecting pipeline.

8. The vertical isolation stepping type three-dimensional cultivation workshop and cultivation method for continuously producing prawns according to claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional cultivation workshop comprises:

each layer of cultivation stage is provided with 1 or more than 2 cultivation grooves with the same capacity, and the number of the cultivation grooves of two adjacent layers is the same or the number of the cultivation grooves of the upper layer is larger than that of the cultivation grooves of the lower layer;

except the lowest layer, the culture tanks of other layers are respectively provided with pipelines for transferring shrimp seeds, which are connected with the culture tanks of the adjacent lower layer culture stage.

9. The vertical isolation stepping type three-dimensional cultivation workshop and cultivation method for continuously producing prawns according to claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional cultivation workshop comprises:

1 or more than 2 culture tanks of each layer are an independent circulating water system.

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