CN110657765A - Nozzle swirler detection method - Google Patents
Nozzle swirler detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110657765A CN110657765A CN201911107844.5A CN201911107844A CN110657765A CN 110657765 A CN110657765 A CN 110657765A CN 201911107844 A CN201911107844 A CN 201911107844A CN 110657765 A CN110657765 A CN 110657765A
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title description 14
- 238000002591 computed tomography Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B15/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electromagnetic waves or particle radiation, e.g. by the use of microwaves, X-rays, gamma rays or electrons
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B15/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electromagnetic waves or particle radiation, e.g. by the use of microwaves, X-rays, gamma rays or electrons
- G01B15/08—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electromagnetic waves or particle radiation, e.g. by the use of microwaves, X-rays, gamma rays or electrons for measuring roughness or irregularity of surfaces
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for detecting a nozzle swirler, which comprises the steps of establishing a standard measuring axis of the nozzle swirler to be detected by taking the middle axis of the nozzle swirler to be detected as a reference axis, then obtaining a three-dimensional stereo image of the nozzle swirler to be detected by utilizing industrial CT (computed tomography), clearly, accurately and intuitively displaying the internal structure of the nozzle swirler to be detected in the form of the three-dimensional stereo image under the condition of no damage to a detected object, then slicing the part to be detected of the nozzle swirler in the obtained three-dimensional stereo image to obtain a two-dimensional tomographic image, and finishing the geometric dimension of the part to be detected in a two-dimensional plane displayed by the two-dimensional tomographic image, wherein the method does not need to carry out sectioning measurement on the nozzle swirler to be detected, can quickly obtain the internal structure of the nozzle swirler to be detected by utilizing industrial CT, and can accurately measure the data of the part to be detected of, and a reliable basis is provided for effectively verifying the processing quality of the nozzle swirler.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of nozzle swirler detection, and particularly relates to a nozzle swirler detection method.
Background
The engine nozzle swirler is characterized by small dimensions (maximum diameter of about 4.5mm, total length less than 5 mm); the structure is complex, and the structure is provided with micro holes/cones (the diameter of a top cone circle is about 3mm, the diameter of a bottom cone circle is about 2mm) and three-dimensional special grooves (the position with the largest groove width is about 0.5 mm); the precision requirement is high, the dimensional tolerance grade is up to IT6, the form and position tolerance precision grade is up to H grade, and most important characteristics are obtained. Due to the limitation of structure and precision, the conventional detection means (such as a measuring tool, a coordinate measuring machine, an image measuring instrument and optical detection) can not accurately and reliably evaluate the actual processing quality of the nozzle, only indirect auxiliary verification can be carried out by sectioning a first part, but partial characteristics can not be detected. The nozzle part has a complex structure and belongs to a tiny part, the sectioning difficulty is high, the sectioning quality directly influences the detection result, the first detection conclusion cannot completely represent the problems of the processing quality of the whole batch of parts and the like, the detection cost is high, whether the processing quality of the nozzle swirler meets the design characteristic requirement cannot be verified due to the lack of a reliable and effective detection method and measurement data, the nozzle flow performance is indirectly verified by depending on the nozzle flow performance, and the nozzle flow performance can be ensured by repeatedly grinding and repairing the swirler at the present stage.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a nozzle swirler detection method, which aims to overcome the problem that the nozzle swirler cannot be effectively detected and measured in the prior art and can realize the measurement of the geometric dimension of the nozzle swirler.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a nozzle swirler detection method, comprising the steps of:
and taking the middle axis of the nozzle swirler to be measured as a reference axis, obtaining a three-dimensional stereo map of the nozzle swirler to be measured through industrial CT, slicing the obtained three-dimensional stereo map to obtain a two-dimensional tomogram of the part to be measured, and finishing the geometric dimension of the part to be measured based on the two-dimensional tomogram.
Further, the industrial CT scan parameters are: the current is 50-60 mA; the voltage is 140-180 kV; the exposure time is 750-1000 ms; the imaging quality is 3-4 times; the step size is 400 and 800 steps.
Further, when a three-dimensional stereogram of the nozzle swirler to be measured is obtained through the industrial CT, the nozzle swirler to be measured is placed on a rotary table of the industrial CT measuring machine through a measuring clamp, and the measuring clamp is used as a positioning center.
Furthermore, the measuring clamp is a measuring block with a plane lower end, a V-shaped groove horizontally arranged is formed in the upper end of the measuring block, a nozzle swirler groove with a vertically arranged axis is formed in the V-shaped groove, and the axis of the nozzle swirler groove and the bottom of the V-shaped groove are in the same plane.
Further, the measuring clamp is made of foam, rubber or plastic.
Further, a coordinate system is established based on a minimum tolerance principle, the middle axis of the nozzle swirler to be tested is taken as the Z axis of the coordinate system, the plane where the upper end face of the nozzle swirler to be tested is located is taken as the X axis plane and the Y axis plane, specifically, the median plane of the two parallel cyclone grooves of the nozzle swirler to be tested is taken as the X axis direction, and the top face of the cyclone groove is taken as the zero point of the Z axis.
Further, horizontally slicing the acquired three-dimensional stereogram to obtain four swirl groove end surface tomograms, respectively establishing connecting lines of the branching centroid points and the circle centers in the four swirl grooves to obtain included angles between every two connecting lines of the branching centroid points and the circle center connecting lines in the four swirl grooves; and then measuring the angular error of the branch lines in the cyclone grooves of the scanning model and the digital analogy, and performing feature-based fitting on the scanning model and the theoretical digital analogy to obtain the included angles between the branch lines in the grooves of the four theoretical digital analogy of the cyclone grooves and the branch lines in the grooves of the scanned parts, thereby obtaining the included angle error of the four cyclone grooves.
Furthermore, a plane formed by two intersection points of two side surfaces of the swirl groove and the inner circle of the nozzle swirler to be measured is used as a top surface, a plane passing through the center line of the swirl groove and perpendicular to the bottom surface of the swirl groove is used as a Z-axis projection plane, and the distance from the intersection point of the projection Z axis and the center line of the swirl groove to the top surface is the distance from the intersection point of the center line of the swirl groove and the Z axis to the top surface of the swirl groove.
Further, the three-dimensional stereogram is sliced by taking a plane perpendicular to the central line of the swirl groove as a tomograph to obtain four swirl groove end face groove width tomographs, and the intersection lines of the two side faces and the bottom face of the swirl groove are the swirl groove width values.
Further, arc cross sections are respectively cut on the planes where the arcs are located on the theoretical digital analogy and the three-dimensional stereogram of the nozzle swirler to be measured obtained through the industrial CT, and the difference of the arc cross sections of the three-dimensional stereogram of the nozzle swirler to be measured is obtained through two-dimensional comparison of the theoretical digital analogy and the industrial CT.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
the invention relates to a method for detecting a nozzle swirler, which comprises the steps of establishing a standard measuring axis of the nozzle swirler to be detected by taking the middle axis of the nozzle swirler to be detected as a reference axis, then obtaining a three-dimensional stereo image of the nozzle swirler to be detected by utilizing an industrial CT (computed tomography), clearly, accurately and intuitively displaying the internal structure of the nozzle swirler to be detected in the form of the three-dimensional stereo image under the condition of no damage to a detected object, then slicing the part to be detected of the nozzle swirler in the obtained three-dimensional stereo image to obtain a two-dimensional tomographic image, and finishing the geometric dimension of the part to be detected in a two-dimensional plane displayed by the two-dimensional tomographic image, wherein the method does not need to carry out sectioning measurement on the nozzle swirler to be detected, can quickly obtain the internal structure of the nozzle swirler to be detected by the industrial CT, and can accurately measure the data of the part, and a reliable basis is provided for effectively verifying the processing quality of the nozzle swirler.
Furthermore, when the three-dimensional stereogram of the nozzle swirler to be measured is obtained through the industrial CT, the nozzle swirler to be measured is placed on a rotary table of the industrial CT measuring machine through a measuring clamp, the measuring clamp is used as a positioning center, a coordinate system of the nozzle swirler to be measured can be accurately established, and the measurement is convenient.
Furthermore, the measuring fixture is a measuring block with a planar lower end, a V-shaped groove horizontally arranged is formed in the upper end of the measuring block, a nozzle swirler groove with a vertically arranged axis is formed in the V-shaped groove, the axis of the nozzle swirler groove and the bottom of the V-shaped groove are in the same plane, the nozzle swirler to be measured can be conveniently and quickly positioned and placed, and the detection efficiency is improved.
Furthermore, the measuring clamp is made of foam, rubber or plastic, so that the penetrating power of the industrial CT is prevented from being influenced, a background line basis is provided for the obtained three-dimensional stereogram by using the V-shaped groove structure of the measuring clamp, and the influence of the structure of the three-dimensional stereogram formed by the internal structure of the nozzle swirler to be measured is avoided due to the measuring clamp structure with a specific shape.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a fixing clip according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a top view of fig. 1.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a four-slot equispaced measurement structure of a nozzle swirler.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a structure for measuring the size of a cross point of a space of a swirl groove of a nozzle swirler.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a nozzle swirler arc measurement configuration.
In the figure, 1, a measuring jig; 2. a nozzle swirler to be tested.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
a nozzle swirler detection method, comprising the steps of:
and taking the middle axis of the nozzle swirler to be measured as a reference axis, obtaining a three-dimensional stereo map of the nozzle swirler to be measured through industrial CT, slicing the obtained three-dimensional stereo map to obtain a two-dimensional tomogram of the part to be measured, and finishing the geometric dimension of the part to be measured based on the two-dimensional tomogram.
The industrial CT scan parameters were: the current is 50-60 mA; the voltage is 140-180 kV; the exposure time is 750-1000 ms; the imaging quality is 3-4 times; the step size is 400 and 800 steps.
When a three-dimensional stereogram of the nozzle swirler to be measured is obtained through the industrial CT, the nozzle swirler to be measured is placed on a rotary table of the industrial CT measuring machine through a measuring clamp, and the measuring clamp is used as a positioning center.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the measuring fixture 1 is a measuring block with a lower end being a plane, a horizontally arranged V-shaped groove is arranged at the upper end of the measuring block, a nozzle swirler groove with an axis vertically arranged is arranged on the V-shaped groove, the axis of the nozzle swirler groove and the bottom of the V-shaped groove are in the same plane, and a nozzle swirler to be measured is placed in the nozzle swirler groove;
the measuring clamp is made of foam, rubber or plastic, so that the penetrating power of the industrial CT is prevented from being influenced, a background line basis is provided for the obtained three-dimensional stereogram by using the V-shaped groove structure of the measuring clamp, and the influence of the three-dimensional stereogram structure formed by the internal structure of the nozzle swirler to be measured is avoided due to the measuring clamp structure with a specific shape.
Establishing a coordinate system based on a minimum tolerance principle, taking the middle axis of the nozzle swirler to be tested as the Z axis of the coordinate system, taking the plane of the upper end face of the nozzle swirler to be tested as an X axis plane and a Y axis plane, specifically, taking the bisector of two parallel cyclone groove bisectors (bisectors passing through the cyclone groove bisectors and being parallel to the bottom surface) of the nozzle swirler to be tested as the X axis direction, and taking the top surface of the cyclone groove as the zero point of the Z axis;
specifically, detecting included angle uniform distribution errors of four swirl grooves of the nozzle swirler to be detected:
horizontally slicing the acquired three-dimensional stereogram to obtain four swirl groove end surface tomograms, respectively establishing connecting lines of the branching centroid points and the circle centers in the four swirl grooves to obtain included angles between every two connecting lines of the branching centroid points and the circle center connecting lines in the four swirl grooves; then, angular errors of the branch lines in the cyclone grooves of the scanning model and the digital analogy are measured, the scanning model and the theoretical digital analogy are subjected to feature-based fitting, included angles between the branch lines in the grooves of the four theoretical digital analogy of the cyclone grooves and the branch lines in the grooves of the scanning part are obtained, included angle errors of the four cyclone grooves are further obtained, and then the four-groove uniform distribution errors can be evaluated, and the specific measurement schematic diagram is shown in fig. 3.
Specifically, the size measurement process of the intersection point of the space of the swirl groove is as follows: the schematic diagram of the measurement structure is shown in FIG. 4;
and taking a plane formed by two intersection points of two side surfaces of the swirl groove and the inner circle of the nozzle swirler to be measured as a top surface, making the plane passing through the center line of the swirl groove and vertical to the bottom surface of the swirl groove as a Z-axis projection plane, wherein the distance from the intersection point of the projection Z axis and the center line of the swirl groove to the top surface is the distance from the intersection point of the projection Z axis and the center line of the swirl groove to the top surface of the swirl groove.
Specifically, the groove width dimension measuring process of the swirl groove is as follows: the specific measurement structure is schematically shown in fig. 5;
and slicing the three-dimensional stereogram by taking a plane perpendicular to the central line of the swirl slot as a tomograph to obtain four swirl slot end face slot width tomographs, wherein the intersection line of the two side faces and the bottom face of the swirl slot is the swirl slot width value.
Specifically, in the radius arc measuring process, arc sections are respectively cut on planes where arcs are located on a theoretical digital analog and a three-dimensional stereogram of the nozzle swirler to be measured obtained through industrial CT, and the difference of the arc sections of the three-dimensional stereogram of the nozzle swirler to be measured is obtained through two-dimensional comparison between the theoretical digital analog and the industrial CT, so that the conformity of the radius arcs is obtained.
The invention establishes the measuring standard axis of the nozzle swirler to be measured by taking the middle axis of the nozzle swirler to be measured as the reference axis, then, the industrial CT is utilized to obtain the three-dimensional stereo image of the nozzle swirler to be detected, so that under the condition of no damage to the detected object, the structure in the nozzle swirler to be tested is clearly, accurately and visually displayed in the form of a three-dimensional image, then slicing the part to be measured of the nozzle swirler to be measured in the acquired three-dimensional stereogram to obtain a two-dimensional tomographic image, the method can complete the geometric dimension of the part to be measured in a two-dimensional plane shown by a two-dimensional tomograph, does not need to carry out sectioning measurement on the nozzle swirler to be measured, can quickly obtain the internal structure of the nozzle swirler to be measured through industrial CT, therefore, the data of the to-be-detected part of the nozzle swirler to be detected can be accurately measured, and a reliable basis is provided for effectively verifying the processing quality of the nozzle swirler. And selecting an appearance part body image needing to be checked in the scanning model, fitting the appearance part body image with the same part of the theoretical digital analog, and analyzing the difference between the actual processing condition of the part and the theoretical requirement according to the color difference image. And (4) locally amplifying and scanning micropores, microcones and microgrooves in the model, and checking the roughness, burrs and the like of the surface.
Claims (10)
1. A method of detecting a nozzle swirler, comprising the steps of:
and taking the middle axis of the nozzle swirler to be measured as a reference axis, obtaining a three-dimensional stereo map of the nozzle swirler to be measured through industrial CT, slicing the obtained three-dimensional stereo map to obtain a two-dimensional tomogram of the part to be measured, and finishing the geometric dimension of the part to be measured based on the two-dimensional tomogram.
2. The method for detecting the nozzle swirler of claim 1, wherein industrial CT scanning parameters are as follows: the current is 50-60 mA; the voltage is 140-180 kV; the exposure time is 750-1000 ms; the imaging quality is 3-4 times; the step size is 400 and 800 steps.
3. The method for detecting the nozzle swirler of claim 1, wherein when a three-dimensional perspective view of the nozzle swirler to be detected is obtained through an industrial CT, the nozzle swirler to be detected is placed on a turntable of an industrial CT measuring machine through a measuring fixture, and the measuring fixture is used as a positioning center.
4. The method for detecting the nozzle swirler of claim 3, wherein the measuring fixture is a measuring block with a planar lower end, a horizontally arranged V-shaped groove is formed at the upper end of the measuring block, a nozzle swirler groove with a vertically arranged axis is formed in the V-shaped groove, and the axis of the nozzle swirler groove and the bottom of the V-shaped groove are in the same plane.
5. The method for detecting the nozzle swirler of claim 3 or 4, wherein the measuring clamp is made of foam, rubber or plastic.
6. The method for detecting the nozzle swirler of claim 1, wherein a coordinate system is established based on a minimum tolerance principle, a middle axis of the nozzle swirler to be detected is taken as a Z axis of the coordinate system, a plane where the upper end face of the nozzle swirler to be detected is located is taken as an X axis plane and a Y axis plane, specifically, a bisector of two parallel swirl slots of the nozzle swirler to be detected is taken as an X axis direction, and a top face of the swirl slot is taken as a zero point of the Z axis.
7. The method for detecting the nozzle swirler of claim 1, wherein the acquired three-dimensional stereogram is horizontally sliced to obtain four swirl slot end surface tomograms, connecting lines of the four swirl slot mid-branching centroid points and the circle center are respectively established, and an included angle between every two connecting lines of the four swirl slot mid-branching centroid points and the circle center connecting line is obtained; and then measuring the angular error of the branch lines in the cyclone grooves of the scanning model and the digital analogy, and performing feature-based fitting on the scanning model and the theoretical digital analogy to obtain the included angles between the branch lines in the grooves of the four theoretical digital analogy of the cyclone grooves and the branch lines in the grooves of the scanned parts, thereby obtaining the included angle error of the four cyclone grooves.
8. The method for detecting the nozzle swirler of claim 1, wherein a plane formed by two intersection points of two side surfaces of the swirl slot and an inner circle of the nozzle swirler to be detected is used as a top surface, a plane passing through a center line of the swirl slot and perpendicular to the bottom surface of the slot is used as a Z-axis projection plane, and a distance from the intersection point of a projection Z-axis and the center line of the slot to the top surface is a distance from the intersection point of a center line of the swirl slot and the Z-axis to the top surface of the swirl slot.
9. The method for detecting the nozzle swirler of claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional stereogram is sliced by taking a plane perpendicular to a centerline of the swirl slot as a tomograph to obtain four swirl slot end face slot width tomographs, and an intersection line of two side faces and a bottom face of the swirl slot is a swirl slot width value.
10. The method for detecting the nozzle swirler of claim 1, wherein the arc cross sections are respectively cut on the plane where the arc is located on the theoretical digital model and the three-dimensional solid diagram of the nozzle swirler to be detected obtained by the industrial CT, and the difference of the two-dimensional comparison between the theoretical digital model and the arc cross section of the three-dimensional solid diagram of the nozzle swirler to be detected obtained by the industrial CT is adopted.
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Citations (5)
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US20020027440A1 (en) * | 1996-03-05 | 2002-03-07 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Method and apparatus for inspecting integrated circuit pattern |
JP4792056B2 (en) * | 1997-12-19 | 2011-10-12 | 株式会社東芝 | Method for measuring sample dimensions using an electron microscope |
CN106018443A (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2016-10-12 | 丹东华日理学电气股份有限公司 | Industrial CT detection device and method based on 3D sphere detection platform |
CN106525116A (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2017-03-22 | 海克斯康测量技术(青岛)有限公司 | Real-time online measurement device and method thereof |
CN108775889A (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2018-11-09 | 中国航发动力股份有限公司 | A kind of detection method of aero-engine fuel nozzle eddy flow groove depth |
-
2019
- 2019-11-13 CN CN201911107844.5A patent/CN110657765A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20020027440A1 (en) * | 1996-03-05 | 2002-03-07 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Method and apparatus for inspecting integrated circuit pattern |
JP4792056B2 (en) * | 1997-12-19 | 2011-10-12 | 株式会社東芝 | Method for measuring sample dimensions using an electron microscope |
CN106018443A (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2016-10-12 | 丹东华日理学电气股份有限公司 | Industrial CT detection device and method based on 3D sphere detection platform |
CN106525116A (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2017-03-22 | 海克斯康测量技术(青岛)有限公司 | Real-time online measurement device and method thereof |
CN108775889A (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2018-11-09 | 中国航发动力股份有限公司 | A kind of detection method of aero-engine fuel nozzle eddy flow groove depth |
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