CN110656995A - Combined type electromagnetic drive fully-variable valve actuating mechanism applied to internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a compound electromagnetic drive fully variable valve mechanism applied to an internal combustion engine, comprising a double-acting electromagnet, an electromagnetic linear actuator and an engine valve; the double-acting electromagnet includes an electromagnet end cover and an electromagnet housing. , electromagnet coil frame, electromagnet coil, upper permanent magnet ring, lower permanent magnet ring, magnetic conductive ring, moving iron and connecting rod; electromagnetic linear actuator includes actuator shell, actuator upper end cover, actuator Iron core, actuator coil bobbin, actuator coil, permanent magnet; the actuator coil bobbin is arranged in the gap between the actuator iron core and the permanent magnet, the lower end is connected to the valve, and the upper end is connected to the double-acting electromagnetic through the connecting plate The iron moving iron and the connecting rod are connected; the valve is driven to open or close by the double-acting electromagnet and the electromagnetic linear actuator. When the opening faces a large gas pressure in the cylinder, the two work at the same time to realize the rapid opening of the valve. With self-locking capability at the end of stroke, no holding current is required to reduce system power consumption.

Description

A compound electromagnetic drive fully variable valve train applied to internal combustion engine

technical field

The invention mainly relates to an internal combustion engine technology, in particular to a compound electromagnetic drive fully variable valve mechanism applied to the internal combustion engine.

Background technique

Variable valve distribution technology is an important technical means to improve the power, economy and emission performance of internal combustion engines. In a traditional internal combustion engine, the valve phase and lift provided by the camshaft valve train are fixed and can only achieve the best efficiency under certain operating conditions. Although the variable valve mechanism based on the camshaft can realize the adjustment of valve timing or valve lift, it is still constrained by the cam profile, the adjustment range is not large, and the thermal efficiency improvement effect is not obvious. The fully variable valve mechanism cancels the camshaft, and directly drives each valve independently by means of linear servo, realizing the fully flexible adjustment of the valve phase and lift in the full range of working conditions, and has the advantages of greatly improving the thermal efficiency of the internal combustion engine. potential.

At present, the mainstream technical solutions for fully variable valve gear mainly include electromagnetically driven variable valve gear, electro-hydraulic driven variable valve gear, and electrically driven variable valve gear. Among them, the electromagnetically driven valve train based on electromagnetic linear actuator is an easy-to-implement technical route, but when the valve is kept closed or opened, a certain current needs to be loaded to maintain its open and closed state, which will lead to the system energy consumption increases. In addition, when applied to the exhaust system of an internal combustion engine, the electromagnetically driven valve train also faces the problem of insufficient driving force: the gas pressure faced by the exhaust valve opening after combustion will reach 0.6MPa or even higher, which will affect the valve opening speed. It has a great impact, and even cannot be opened in time in severe cases, resulting in the deterioration of the performance of the internal combustion engine.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a composite electromagnetic drive fully variable valve mechanism with large opening force and self-locking of the ends, the engine valve is driven by a double-acting electromagnet and an electromagnetic linear actuator in coordination On or off.

The technical solution for realizing the present invention is: a compound electromagnetic drive fully variable valve mechanism applied to an internal combustion engine, comprising a double-acting electromagnet, an electromagnetic linear actuator and an engine valve. The double-acting electromagnet includes an electromagnet coil skeleton, an electromagnet coil, a moving iron, a connecting rod, an electromagnet end cover, and an electromagnet shell. There are an upper permanent magnet ring, a magnetic conducting ring and a lower permanent magnet ring; the upper permanent magnet ring, the magnetic conducting ring and the lower permanent magnet ring inner sidewall surface and the cavity formed by the electromagnet end cover and the electromagnet shell are provided with moving parts. The iron, the moving iron and the connecting rod are rigidly connected; a fixed electromagnet coil skeleton is arranged in the cavity formed by the outer side wall of the upper permanent magnet ring, the magnetic conducting ring and the lower permanent magnet ring, the electromagnet end cover and the electromagnet shell. The electromagnet coil is wound on the electromagnet coil bobbin.

A further improvement is that the connecting seat is arranged at the lower end of the electromagnet shell, the electromagnetic linear actuator is arranged at the lower end of the connecting seat, and the electromagnetic linear actuator comprises an actuator shell, an upper end cover of the actuator, an actuator iron core, an actuator the actuator coil bobbin, the actuator coil and the permanent magnet, the permanent magnet is closely attached to the inner side wall surface of the actuator shell, and the actuator bobbin is arranged in the gap between the actuator iron core and the permanent magnet, so The actuator coil is wound on the actuator coil bobbin.

A further improvement is that the engine valve is arranged at the lower end of the actuator coil frame, and the upper end of the actuator coil frame is connected with the moving iron and the connecting rod through the connecting plate, and can reciprocate along the axial direction.

Further improvement lies in the electromagnet end cover, electromagnet shell, electromagnet coil skeleton, electromagnet coil, upper permanent magnet ring, lower permanent magnet ring, magnetic conducting ring, moving iron, connecting rod, actuator shell, actuating The upper end cover of the actuator, the actuator iron core and the actuator coil skeleton are all coaxial revolving bodies.

A further improvement is that upper and lower springs are respectively provided on the upper and lower sides of the connecting plate.

A further improvement is that the material of the electromagnet end cover, the electromagnet shell, the magnetic conductive ring, the moving iron, the actuator shell, the upper end cover of the actuator and the actuator iron core are all soft magnetic materials.

A further improvement is that the magnetic pole directions of the upper permanent magnet ring and the lower permanent magnet ring are both axial and opposite.

A further improvement is that the electromagnet housing, the actuator shell and the upper end cover of the actuator are respectively fastened to the upper and lower ends of the connection seat by screws, and the connection seat is made of non-magnetic conductive material.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages:

(1) Most of the existing electromagnetically driven valve trains need to consume a certain amount of electric energy during the valve opening or closing stage to maintain the opening and closing state. The present invention combines the electromagnetic linear actuator with high control precision, fast response speed, and flexible and adjustable motion law. And the double-acting electromagnet has the advantage of end self-sustaining force. While realizing the continuous flexible and controllable valve opening and closing time, opening duration and opening lift, it can realize the self-locking of the stroke end, eliminate the steady-state copper loss, and reduce the System energy consumption.

(2) The valve is driven to open or close by the double-acting electromagnet and the electromagnetic linear actuator, in which the electromagnetic linear actuator is the main driving unit, and the double-acting electromagnet is the selective power-assisted driving unit. When the gas pressure is low when the valve is opened, only the electromagnetic linear actuator is energized to drive the valve to move. When the valve opening faces a large gas pressure, the two work at the same time to generate a large driving force to overcome the interference of the gas pressure and realize the rapid opening of the valve, thereby meeting the application requirements in the exhaust system of the internal combustion engine.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention;

Among them, 1- electromagnet coil frame, 2- upper permanent magnet ring, 3- moving iron, 4- connecting rod, 5- upper spring, 6- connecting seat, 7- lower spring, 8- permanent magnet, 9- actuation Actuator coil, 10-actuator iron core, 11-actuator coil bobbin, 12-engine valve, 13-actuator shell, 14-actuator upper end cover, 15-connecting plate, 16-electromagnet shell , 17- under the permanent magnet ring, 18- magnetic ring, 19- electromagnet coil, 20- electromagnet end cap.

Detailed ways

In order for those skilled in the art to better understand the solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of, but not all, embodiments of the present invention, and preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings. The present invention may be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein, but rather, these embodiments are provided so that a thorough understanding of the present disclosure will be provided. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Embodiment, in conjunction with FIG. 1, a compound electromagnetic drive fully variable valve mechanism applied to an internal combustion engine, including a double-acting electromagnet, an electromagnetic linear actuator, and an engine valve 12, the engine valve 12 is composed of a double-acting electromagnetic valve. Iron and electromagnetic linear actuators act in concert to open or close. The double-acting electromagnet includes an electromagnet coil bobbin 1 , an electromagnet coil 19 , a moving iron 3 , a connecting rod 4 , an electromagnet end cover 20 , an electromagnet casing 16 , the outer wall of the electromagnet end cover 20 and the electromagnet casing 16 For transition fit, the upper permanent magnet ring 2, the magnetic conductive ring 18 and the lower permanent magnetic ring 17 are arranged in order; The cavity formed by the cover 20 and the electromagnet housing 16 is provided with a moving iron 3, which is rigidly connected with the connecting rod 4; the upper permanent magnet ring 2, the magnetic conducting ring 18 and the outer side wall of the lower permanent magnet ring 17 are connected to the electromagnet. A fixed electromagnet coil bobbin 1 is arranged in the cavity formed by the end cover 20 and the electromagnet housing 16 , and the electromagnet coil 19 is wound on the electromagnet coil bobbin 1 . The connection seat 6 is arranged at the lower end of the electromagnet housing 16, and the electromagnetic linear actuator is arranged at the lower end of the connection seat 6. The electromagnetic linear actuator includes an actuator housing 13, an upper end cover of the actuator 14, an actuator iron core 10, The actuator coil bobbin 11, the actuator coil 9 and the permanent magnet 8, the permanent magnet 8 is closely attached to the inner side wall surface of the actuator housing 13, and the actuator coil bobbin 11 is arranged between the actuator iron core and the actuator core. 10 The gap between the permanent magnets 8, the actuator coil 9 is wound on the actuator coil bobbin 11.

The engine valve 12 is arranged at the lower end of the actuator coil bobbin 11, and the upper end of the actuator coil bobbin 11 is connected with the moving iron 3 and the connecting rod 4 through the connecting plate 15, and can reciprocate along the axial direction. Magnet end cover 20, electromagnet housing 16, electromagnet coil bobbin 1, electromagnet coil 19, upper permanent magnet ring 2, lower permanent magnet ring 17, magnetic conducting ring 18, moving iron 3, connecting rod 4, actuator The outer 13 , the upper end cover 14 of the actuator, the iron core 10 of the actuator and the coil bobbin 11 of the actuator are all coaxial revolving bodies. An upper spring 5 and a lower spring 7 are respectively provided on the upper and lower sides of the connecting plate 15 . The electromagnet end cover 20, the electromagnet shell 16, the magnetic conducting ring 18, the moving iron 3, the actuator shell 13, the actuator upper end cover 14 and the actuator core 10 are all made of soft magnetic material, and the upper permanent magnet The magnetic pole directions of the ring 2 and the lower permanent magnet ring 17 are both axial and opposite. The electromagnet housing 16, the actuator housing 13 and the upper end cover 14 of the actuator are respectively fastened to the upper and lower ends of the connecting seat 6 by screws. The seat 6 is a non-magnetic conductive material.

The invention proposes a compound electromagnetic drive fully variable valve mechanism applied to an internal combustion engine, which provides a certain end holding force for an electromagnetic valve through a double-acting electromagnet, so as to have the self-locking ability at the stroke end of the valve. In addition, in the face of large gas pressure, the double-acting electromagnet and the electromagnetic linear actuator work simultaneously to overcome the interference of gas pressure.

The specific working principle is as follows:

The engine valve 12 is driven to open or close by the double-acting electromagnet and the electromagnetic linear actuator, and its motion law can be controlled by the current of the electromagnet coil 19 and the actuator coil 9. The electromagnetic linear actuator is the main driving unit, and the double-acting The electromagnet is an optional booster drive unit.

When the engine valve 12 is in the closed state, the electromagnet coil 19 and the actuator coil 9 do not need to be energized. The iron 3 is always subjected to the axial force directed to the upper end acting on it by the upper permanent magnet ring 2, and overcomes the force of the upper spring 5 and the lower spring 7, so that the valve has a certain end holding force in the closed state.

When the engine valve 12 is opened and faces a high gas pressure, the electromagnet coil 19 and the actuator coil 9 are both energized and operated to generate a large driving force to overcome the gas pressure interference; when the engine valve 12 is opened and faced with a low gas pressure, the electromagnet coil 19 is not energized, the actuator coil 9 is energized and works to drive the valve movement.

When the engine valve 12 is in the open state of the maximum stroke, the electromagnet coil 19 and the actuator coil 9 do not need to be energized, and a magnetic flux loop is formed between the moving iron 3, the electromagnet housing 16, the lower permanent magnet ring 17 and the magnetic conductive ring 18 , the moving iron 3 will always be subjected to the axial force directed to the lower end by the lower permanent magnet ring 17, and overcome the force of the upper spring 5 and the lower spring 7, so that the valve has a certain end retention when the maximum stroke is opened. force.

According to the requirements of the application, the elastic coefficients of the upper spring 5 and the lower spring 7 can be changed, so as to improve the overall output force characteristics of the valve train, improve the response speed of the valve train and realize the purpose of seat cushioning. The present invention is aimed at the internal combustion engine (vehicle gasoline engine, diesel engine or marine medium and high-speed diesel engine, etc.) equipped with an electromagnetically driven fully variable valve mechanism. In terms of variable technology, it not only has the self-locking ability at the end of the valve stroke, which can effectively reduce the energy consumption of the system, but also can provide enough driving force to overcome the interference of the gas pressure in the cylinder when the valve is opened with a large gas pressure. The valve can be opened quickly to meet the application requirements of the exhaust system of the internal combustion engine.

The above are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but do not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still Modifications are made to the technical solutions described in the embodiments, or equivalent replacements are made to some of the technical features. Any equivalent structures made by using the contents of the description and the accompanying drawings of the present invention, which are directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are all within the protection scope of the patent of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The combined type electromagnetic driving fully-variable valve actuating mechanism applied to the internal combustion engine is characterized by comprising a double-acting electromagnet, an electromagnetic linear actuator and an engine valve (12), wherein the engine valve (12) is opened or closed by the cooperative driving of the double-acting electromagnet and the electromagnetic linear actuator.

2. The combined type electromagnetic drive fully variable valve actuating mechanism applied to the internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein the double-acting electromagnet comprises an electromagnet coil framework (1), an electromagnet coil (19), a moving iron (3), a connecting rod (4), an electromagnet end cover (20), an electromagnet shell (16), wherein the outer wall of the electromagnet end cover (20) is in transition fit with the electromagnet shell (16), and an upper permanent magnetic ring (2), a magnetic conductive ring (18) and a lower permanent magnetic ring (17) are sequentially arranged between the electromagnet end cover (20) and the electromagnet shell (16);

a moving iron (3) is arranged in a cavity formed by the inner side wall surfaces of the upper permanent magnet ring (2), the magnetic conductive ring (18) and the lower permanent magnet ring (17) and the electromagnet end cover (20) and the electromagnet shell (16), and the moving iron (3) is rigidly connected with the connecting rod (4);

a fixed electromagnet coil framework (1) is arranged in a cavity formed by the outer side wall surfaces of the upper permanent magnet ring (2), the magnetic conduction ring (18) and the lower permanent magnet ring (17), the electromagnet end cover (20) and the electromagnet shell (16), and an electromagnet coil (19) is wound on the electromagnet coil framework (1).

3. The combined type electromagnetic drive fully-variable valve actuating mechanism applied to the internal combustion engine as claimed in claim 2, wherein the connecting seat (6) is arranged at the lower end of the electromagnet shell (16), the electromagnetic linear actuator is arranged at the lower end of the connecting seat (6), the electromagnetic linear actuator comprises an actuator shell (13), an actuator upper end cover (14), an actuator iron core (10), an actuator coil framework (11), an actuator coil (9) and a permanent magnet (8), the permanent magnet (8) is tightly attached to the inner side wall surface of the actuator shell (13), the actuator coil framework (11) is arranged in a gap between the actuator iron core and the permanent magnet (10) (8), and the actuator coil (9) is wound on the actuator coil framework (11).

4. The combined type electromagnetic driving fully variable valve actuating mechanism applied to the internal combustion engine as claimed in claim 3, wherein the engine valve (12) is arranged at the lower end of the actuator coil framework (11), and the upper end of the actuator coil framework (11) is connected with the moving iron (3) and the connecting rod (4) through the connecting plate (15) and can reciprocate along the axial direction.

5. The combined type electromagnetic drive fully variable valve actuating mechanism applied to the internal combustion engine according to claim 4, wherein the electromagnet end cover (20), the electromagnet housing (16), the electromagnet coil frame (1), the electromagnet coil (19), the upper permanent magnet ring (2), the lower permanent magnet ring (17), the magnetic conductive ring (18), the moving iron (3), the connecting rod (4), the actuator housing (13), the actuator upper end cover (14), the actuator iron core (10) and the actuator coil frame (11) are all coaxial revolving bodies.

6. The combined type electromagnetic driving fully variable valve train applied to the internal combustion engine according to claim 5, wherein the upper side and the lower side of the connecting plate (15) are respectively provided with an upper spring (5) and a lower spring (7).

7. The combined type electromagnetic drive fully variable valve actuating mechanism applied to the internal combustion engine as claimed in claim 6, wherein the electromagnet end cover (20), the electromagnet shell (16), the magnetic conductive ring (18), the moving iron (3), the actuator shell (13), the actuator upper end cover (14) and the actuator iron core (10) are made of soft magnetic materials.

8. A combined electromagnetic driven fully variable valve train applied to an internal combustion engine as claimed in claim 7 wherein the upper permanent magnet ring (2) and the lower permanent magnet ring (17) have opposite magnetic poles in axial direction.

9. The combined type electromagnetic driving fully variable valve actuating mechanism applied to the internal combustion engine as claimed in claim 8, wherein the electromagnet housing (16), the actuator housing (13) and the actuator upper end cover (14) are respectively fastened to the upper end and the lower end of the connecting seat (6) through screws, and the connecting seat (6) is made of non-magnetic materials.

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