CN110650700A - Puncture device, device for irradiating tissue, and medical kit - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a puncture device comprising a puncture cannula (12), wherein a proximal end (14) of the puncture cannula (12) close to a human body is provided to penetrate into a body cavity (16) and/or to make a passage to the body cavity or a tissue region (16), wherein at least one optical conductor (18) or at least one optical conductor bundle is arranged within the puncture cannula (12), wherein the optical conductor (18) or the optical conductor bundle and the puncture cannula (12) are designed to be longitudinally movable relative to each other. Furthermore, the invention relates to a device for irradiating tissue and to a medical kit.

Description

Piercing devices, devices for irradiating tissue, and medical kits

technical field

The present invention relates to a puncture device comprising a puncture cannula, wherein the proximal end of the puncture cannula close to the body is arranged to penetrate into a body cavity and/or to create a passage to a body cavity or tissue area. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a device for irradiating tissue and a medical kit.

Background technique

A large number of such piercing devices are known. They are used in particular for opening body cavities or for removing tissue from a patient's body. Furthermore, through the channel thus produced, there is the possibility of introducing minimally invasive instruments into the human body. This also concerns, in particular, light guides or light guide bundles which are connected to the lighting device. In this case, depending on the type of light emitted, it can only involve irradiating human tissue, for example to calculate autofluorescent tissue, or it can also involve ablation or coagulation of tissue by means of a laser beam.

The disadvantage of the known puncturing devices, however, is that the use of such known puncturing devices always entails two operating steps, namely, firstly, the creation of a channel into the body and the subsequent introduction of a minimally invasive device, such as a light guide or a light guide. light guide beam. Multiple introductions of the device represent a considerable health burden or a non-negligible surgical risk for the patient, since this multiplies, for example, the risk of infection. In addition, damage can also occur during the introduction of the light guide or the light guide, in particular the proximal end of the light guide or the light guide, ie the end facing the human body.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a puncturing device of this type, a device of this type for irradiating tissue and a medical kit of this type, which ensure better minimally invasive procedures And in addition proved to provide better protection against breakage.

A puncture device according to the features of claim 1 , a device for irradiating tissue with the features of claim 11 and a medical kit with the features of claim 13 are used for this purpose .

Advantageous designs are set forth in each of the dependent claims, wherein advantageous designs of each aspect of the invention may be regarded as advantageous designs of various other aspects of the invention, and vice versa.

A first aspect of the present invention relates to a puncture device comprising a puncture cannula, wherein a proximal end of the puncture cannula close to the human body is configured to penetrate into a body cavity and/or to create access to a body cavity or tissue access to the area.

According to the invention, at least one light guide or at least one light guide bundle is arranged within the puncture cannula, wherein the light guide or the light guide bundle and the puncture cannula are designed to be longitudinally movable relative to each other. By means of the arrangement of the light guide or the light guide bundle in the puncture cannula, it is possible to carry out a minimally invasive treatment in one method step. The light guide or the light guide bundle arranged in the puncture cannula is introduced into the body at the same time as the piercing into the body cavity or the creation of the access to the patient's body cavity or tissue region. Due to the relative longitudinal displaceability of the piercing cannula with respect to the light guide or light guide bundle, after correct positioning of the piercing device, the piercing cannula can be retracted at least partially, that is to say towards the The distal end of the photoconductor moves in the direction away from the human body. The proximal end of the light guide or the light guide bundle, which is close to the human body, is then exposed in the body cavity or the corresponding tissue region to be irradiated and/or treated. A separate introduction of the light guide or the light guide bundle can thus be reliably avoided, whereby the puncturing device according to the invention allows a better minimally invasive procedure. At the same time, in an advantageous design of the puncturing device according to the present invention, the proximal end of the light guide or the light guide bundle, which is close to the human body, will not be released from the puncture sleeve in the first non-use state. The proximal end of the tube protrudes. Conversely, in the second activated state, the proximal end of the light guide or the light guide bundle protrudes from the proximal end of the puncture cannula. This ensures that the proximal end of the light guide or the light guide bundle is at least partially surrounded by the puncture sleeve during the introduction of the puncture device into the body cavity or tissue region. This ensures that in particular the proximal end of the light guide or the light guide bundle close to the body is better protected during the process of making the access to the body cavity or during the introduction of the piercing device into the body cavity or Damage that may occur during the procedure in the corresponding tissue area.

In a further advantageous design of the puncture device according to the invention, the proximal end of the puncture sleeve is designed to taper in the direction of the proximal end. In addition, the proximal end of the puncture cannula may be designed as a pointed tip. Furthermore, there is the possibility that the proximal end of the puncture cannula comprises at least one cutting edge. These measures ensure that, of course, the piercing device can produce access to the body cavity or to the tissue region to be examined or treated. Typically, the puncture cannula additionally has a hollow-cylindrical cross-section. Of course, there is also the possibility that the puncture cannula consists of a bundle of hollow-cylindrical cannulas.

In other advantageous designs of the puncture device according to the invention, the puncture cannula consists of metal, metal alloy, in particular medical steel, silicon, plastic or a combination of at least two of these materials. Other materials suitable for medical use are also contemplated.

In a further advantageous design of the puncturing device according to the invention, the proximal end of the light guide or of the light guide bundle, which is close to the human body, is surrounded by a substantially cylindrical casing, wherein the casing The sleeve is constructed of a laser transparent material. By arranging such a jacket, an additional protection against breakage of the proximal end of the light guide or of the light guide bundle is formed. Furthermore, there is the possibility of arranging at least one beam deflection device on or in the proximal end of the light guide or light guide bundle for deflecting the light arriving by the light guide or the light guide bundle to to the surrounding tissue. This is particularly advantageous in laser applications, since the laser beam can be aimed exactly at the tissue to be treated around the light guide or the proximal end of the light guide beam.

In a further advantageous design of the puncture device according to the invention, at least one position marking is provided on the puncture cannula and/or the light guide or the light guide bundle, which is used to indicate that the puncture cannula is suitable for The current position of the light guide or the light guide bundle. In particular, the position marker can be designed in the distal region of the light guide or light guide bundle and/or of the puncture cannula remote from the body. Thereby, a simple and ready-to-use position control of the puncture cannula with respect to the relative position of the light guide or light guide bundle is created for the user of the puncture device.

In particular when the puncture cannula is retracted and the proximal end of the light guide or light guide bundle is exposed, the length of the retraction stroke can be precisely defined and determined.

A second aspect of the present invention relates to a device for irradiating tissue comprising at least one light source and a puncturing device as described above. Therein, at least one light guide or at least one light guide bundle engages with the light source at a distal end remote from the human body in order to feed light. Furthermore, the light source may be an LED light source or a laser light source. When using a laser light source, the device is designed for laser ablation of tissue. The resulting features and their advantages can be derived from the description of the first aspect of the invention.

A third aspect of the present invention relates to a medical kit comprising at least one puncturing device as described above. The medical kit additionally includes a puncture template, wherein the puncture template has at least one opening for the passage of the puncture device. The use of a piercing template allows for a more accurate positioning of the piercing device, especially when making access to a patient's body cavity or tissue to be examined and/or treated. Other features and advantages of the third aspect of the invention can be derived from the description of the first and second aspects of the invention.

Description of drawings

Further features of the invention emerge from the claims, the examples and with reference to the drawings. The features and feature combinations mentioned above in the description and the features and feature combinations mentioned below in the embodiments are not limited to the respectively stated combinations, but can also be used in other combinations or in individual applications, both belong to the scope of the present invention. in:

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a puncture device according to the present invention in a first non-use state;

Figure 2 is a schematic illustration of a puncturing device according to the present invention in a second activation state; and

Figure 3 is a schematic illustration of a device for irradiating tissue according to the present invention.

Detailed ways

FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a puncturing device 10 in a first non-use state. The first non-use state means that the optical conductor guided in the puncture cannula 12 of the puncture device 10 does not protrude from the proximal end 14 of the puncture cannula 12 with its proximal end 20 close to the human body out. However, there is the possibility that, in the first non-use state, light has already been introduced into the light guide 18 in order to, for example, illuminate the vicinity of the proximal end 14 of the puncture cannula 12 close to the body environment of. As can be seen, the proximal end 14 of the piercing cannula 12 near the body is configured to penetrate a body cavity and/or to create access to a body cavity or tissue region 16 . In the embodiment shown, the proximal end 14 of the puncture cannula 12 is designed to taper in the proximal direction, in particular the proximal end 14 of the puncture cannula 12 is designed as a pointed tip . Furthermore, there is the possibility that the proximal end 14 of the puncture cannula 12 comprises at least one cutting edge.

It can also be seen that the light guide 18 is arranged within the piercing cannula 12 , wherein the light guide 18 and the piercing cannula 12 are designed to be movable longitudinally relative to each other. In the embodiment shown, by means of a handle element 34 arranged on the distal end 32 of the puncture cannula 12 remote from the human body, the puncture cannula 12 can be moved relative to the light guide 18 , in particular in the direction by the arrow Move in the direction indicated by 40. The movement arrow 40 here points in the direction of the distal end 30 of the light guide 18 remote from the human body.

In addition, as can be seen in FIG. 1 , the proximal end 20 of the light guide 18 is at least partially surrounded by the proximal end 14 of the puncture cannula 12 . Furthermore, it can be seen that the proximal end 20 of the light guide 18 is surrounded by a substantially cylindrically designed jacket 22, wherein the jacket 22 consists of a laser-transparent material. In addition, beam deflecting means (not shown) are arranged on or within the proximal end 20 of the light guide 18 for deflecting the light rays arriving by the light guide 18 into the surrounding tissue 16 .

In the embodiment shown, the piercing cannula 12 has a hollow-cylindrical cross-section. Furthermore, the puncture cannula 12 consists of a metal alloy, in particular medical steel. Other materials and material combinations are also contemplated.

In the embodiment shown, the puncture cannula 12 , as well as the light guide 18 , each has a position marker 24 for indicating the current position of the puncture cannula 12 relative to the light guide 18 . Furthermore, a plurality of markings, eg millimeter scales, can be provided both on the puncture cannula 12 and on the light guide 18 .

FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of the puncturing device 10 of FIG. 1 in a second activation state. The second activated state refers to the state in which the proximal end 20 of the light guide protrudes from the proximal end 14 of the puncture cannula 12 . In this state, the surrounding tissue 16 can be fully illuminated without the proximal end 14 of the puncture cannula 12 interfering with the optical path. This is particularly important in possible fluorescence imaging or in laser ablation of the tissue 16 . It can be seen that in the second activated state, the puncture cannula 12 will move in the proximal direction (see movement arrow 40 for details). Through the proximal end 20 of the light guide 18, the irradiation or ablation of the tissue region 16 takes place. The initiation of this minimally invasive examination or treatment requires only retraction of the proximal end 14 of the puncture cannula 12 .

FIG. 3 shows a schematic illustration of a device 26 for irradiating tissue 16 . In the embodiment shown, the device 26 includes a laser light source 28 and the puncturing device 10 . The design of the piercing device 10 conforms to the design illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2 . It can also be seen that the light guide 18 engages the light source 28 at a distal end 30 remote from the human body in order to feed the laser light. The device according to the present embodiment is designed for laser ablation of tissue 16 .

Claims (13)

1. A puncture device, comprising a puncture cannula (12), wherein a proximal end (14) of the puncture cannula (12) close to the human body is arranged to be pierced into a body cavity (16) and/or to be Production of access to a body cavity or tissue region (16), characterized in that at least one light guide (18) or at least one light guide bundle is arranged in the puncture cannula (12), wherein the light guide (18) Or the light guide bundle and the puncture cannula (12) are designed to be longitudinally movable relative to each other. 2. The puncturing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the light guide (18) or the proximal end (20) of the light guide bundle close to the human body will not penetrate from the light guide in the first non-use state The proximal end (14) of the puncture cannula (12) protrudes therefrom and in the second activated state from the proximal end (14) of the puncture cannula (12). 3. The puncture device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the proximal end (14) of the puncture cannula (12) is designed to taper in the direction of the proximal end. 4. The puncture device according to claim 3, characterized in that the proximal end (14) of the puncture cannula (12) is designed as a pointed tip. 5. The puncture device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the proximal end (14) of the puncture cannula (12) comprises at least one cutting edge. 6. The puncture device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the puncture sleeve (12) has a hollow-cylindrical cross-section. 7 . The puncture device according to claim 1 , wherein the puncture cannula ( 12 ) consists of metal, metal alloy, in particular medical steel, silicon, plastic, or at least one of these materials. 8 . A combination of the two. 8. The puncturing device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the proximal end (20) of the light guide (18) or of the light guide bundle close to the human body is substantially designed as a cylinder A shell ( 22 ) in the form of a laser surrounds, wherein the shell ( 22 ) consists of a laser-transparent material. 9 . The puncturing device according to claim 1 , wherein at least one beam is arranged on or in the light guide ( 18 ) or the proximal end ( 20 ) of the light guide bundle. 10 . A deflection device for deflecting light arriving by the light guide or light guide bundle into the surrounding tissue (16). 10. The puncture device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one position marker is provided on the puncture cannula (12) and/or on the light guide (18) or on the light guide bundle (24), used to indicate the current position of the puncture cannula (12) with respect to the light guide (18) or the light guide bundle. 11. A device for irradiating tissue, comprising at least one light source (28) and a puncturing device (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein at least one light conductor (18) or at least one A light guide beam engages the light source (28) at a distal end (30) remote from the human body for feeding light. 12. Device for irradiating tissue according to claim 11, characterized in that the light source (28) is a laser light source and the device (26) is designed for laser ablation of the tissue (16). 13. A medical kit comprising at least one puncture device (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 10 and a puncture template, wherein the puncture template has at least one for the puncture device (10) through the opening.

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