CN110648769A - A first wall structure for the strong field side of a tokamak device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a first wall structure used for the strong field side of a tokamak device. The first wall is installed on the strong field side wall of a vacuum chamber of the tokamak device. The screw and butterfly washer structure is connected to the back plate, the back plate and the graphite block combined structure are fixed to the ring support through the screw and butterfly washer, and the ring support is fixed to the vacuum chamber through the inner thread nut and the outer thread stud. A copper block/copper foil assembly is filled on the field sidewall and between the ring support and the vacuum chamber strong field sidewall. The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the first wall structure on the strong field side is not an active water cooling structure, but has better heat transfer performance and can maximize the saving of plasma physical space. In this structure, fasteners are used for connection, so the first wall structure on the strong field side is easy to install and operate and maintain in the later stage, and the adjustment precision of the plasma physical interface is high.

Description

A first wall structure for the strong field side of a tokamak device

technical field

The invention belongs to a component used in a China Circulator No. 2 M (HL-2M) device, in particular to a first wall structure used for the strong field side of a tokamak device.

Background technique

In the tokamaka device, the first wall structure is used to surround the first physical boundary of the plasma, preventing the large thermal load of the plasma from damaging the vacuum chamber and the diagnostic equipment located within the vacuum chamber. The first wall on the strong field side is located on the inner wall of the central column of the vacuum chamber and belongs to the category of components in the vacuum chamber. Since high-energy escaped electrons and trapped ions in toroidal field ripples often cause excessive heat deposition locally on the first wall on the strong field side, causing it to be damaged, it is necessary to design a new type of strong field that satisfies the following two main functions at the same time Side first wall structure: First, the structure needs to effectively transfer the plasma radiation energy to the outside of the vacuum chamber, and second, the structure is easy to install and maintain and requires high installation accuracy.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a first wall structure for the strong field side of a tokamak device, which not only has better heat transfer performance, but also is easy to install and maintain, and has high installation accuracy of the plasma physical interface.

The technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: a first wall structure for a strong field side of a tokamak device, which comprises a strong field side wall of a vacuum chamber, supported by a ring, an internal thread nut, a copper block/copper foil assembly, Beads, backing plates, graphite blocks, screws, butterfly washers and externally threaded studs, the first wall is mounted on the strong field side wall of the vacuum chamber of the Tokamak device, the thickness center of the graphite block is inserted into the section bead, and then the cross-section bead is inserted through the use of screws and The butterfly washer structure is connected to the back plate, the back plate and the graphite block combined structure are fixed to the ring support through screws and butterfly washers, and the ring support is fixed to the strong field side of the vacuum chamber through the inner thread nut and the outer thread stud A copper block/copper foil assembly is filled between the ring support and the strong field side wall of the vacuum chamber.

The external thread stud and the side wall of the vacuum chamber strong field are in the form of welding.

The thickness of the ring support is 35mm, and the length is 800mm. The ring support is fixed to the side wall of the vacuum chamber through the external thread stud and the inner hexagonal internal thread nut welded on the side wall of the vacuum chamber. A total of 10 first walls on the field side are supported in the ring direction, and are located at the ends of two adjacent sectors of the vacuum chamber.

There are two sizes of the graphite block, one is a graphite block fixed by two beading bars, and the other is a graphite block fixed by a single beading bar, the size of the former is twice the size of the latter, and the former is located in a single The middle part of the one-wall module structure has no bolt holes on the plasma-facing surface; the latter is located at both ends, with bolt holes on the surface, which are used to fix a single module to the ring support, with a thickness of 25mm.

A gap of 0.67 mm is left between the graphite blocks, which is mainly used for absorbing thermal deformation.

There are 15 round holes on the side of the graphite block, which are used for inserting the bead with a semicircular cross-section. Behind the graphite block is a back plate, which is made of 316L stainless steel. It is mainly used to insert the graphite with the bead through fasteners. The blocks are integrated to form one part for easy installation and securing.

A graphite foil is placed between the graphite block and the back plate to improve the heat transfer and contact performance between the two. The number of modules that the first wall required for the entire high-field side is composed of the above-mentioned graphite block and the back plate. There are 80 in total.

The two ends of the graphite block and the back plate combined structure are tightened and fixed to the meridian support through four M8 screws and butterfly washers from the front of the first wall on the strong field side, wherein the meridian support is made of 316L stainless steel with a thickness of 35mm.

The beneficial effect of the present invention is that: the first wall structure on the strong field side is not an active water cooling structure, but has better heat transfer performance and can maximize the saving of plasma physical space. Fasteners are used in this structure, so the first wall structure on the strong field side is easy to install and operate and maintain later, and at the same time, the adjustment precision of the plasma physical interface is high.

Description of drawings

1 is a schematic diagram of a first wall structure for a strong field side of a tokamak device provided by the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the connection form of fasteners at both ends of the first wall structure on the strong field side.

In the picture: 1. Strong field side wall of vacuum chamber, 2. Supported by ring, 3. Internal thread nut, 4. Copper block/copper foil assembly, 5. Sectional bead, 6. Back plate, 7. Graphite block, 8. Screw, 9. Butterfly washer , 10 male threaded studs.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a first wall structure for the strong field side of a tokamak device includes a back plate 6 and a graphite block 7 connection structure, a ring support 2, a copper block/copper foil assembly 4 and a series of Fasteners, etc.

The first wall is mainly installed on the strong field side wall 1 of the vacuum chamber of the tokemak device, the thickness center of the graphite block 7 is inserted into the semicircular section bead 5, and then connected to the back plate 6 through the use of screws and butterfly washers. ; The combined structure of the back plate 6 and the graphite block 7 is fixed to the ring support 2 through screws 8 and butterfly washers 9; 1, and between the ring support 2 and the vacuum chamber strong field side wall 1 is filled with a copper block/copper foil assembly 4, which is used to adjust the surface accuracy of the graphite block 7. The copper block/copper foil assembly 4 is mainly used for Adjusting the plasma physical interface precision and improving the contact heat transfer performance between the ring support 2 and the vacuum chamber strong field sidewall 1 . The thickness and shape of the copper block/copper foil assembly 4 are related to the machining accuracy of the strong field side wall 1 of the vacuum chamber, and the currently designed maximum adjustable accuracy range is 10mm. The external thread stud 10 and the strong field side wall 1 of the vacuum chamber are in the form of welding. The first wall on the strong field side is 35mm thick and 800mm long through the ring support 2 . The ring support 2 is fixed to the high field side wall 1 of the vacuum chamber through the external threaded stud 10 and the inner hexagonal internal thread nut 3 welded on the high field side wall 1 of the vacuum chamber. There are 10 first walls on the entire high-field side in the annular direction through the ring support, which are located at the ends of two adjacent sectors of the vacuum chamber.

The graphite block 7 with a single curved surface facing the plasma side, the graphite block 7 has two sizes, one is the graphite block 7 fixed by two beading bars, and the other is the graphite block 7 fixed by a single beading bar. is twice the size of the latter. The former is located in the middle of the single first wall module structure, and has no bolt holes on the plasma-facing surface; the latter is located at both ends, with bolt holes on the surface, used to fix a single module to the ring support 2, with a thickness of 25mm. A gap of 0.67 mm is left between the graphite block 7 and the graphite block 7, which is mainly used for absorbing thermal deformation. A circular hole 15 is opened on the side of the graphite block 7, which is used for inserting the bead 5 with a semicircular section. Behind the graphite block 7 is a back plate 6, which is made of 316L stainless steel, and is mainly used to integrate the graphite block 7 with the bead 5 inserted into one part through fasteners, which is convenient for installation and fixation. A graphite foil is placed between the graphite block 7 and the back plate 6 to improve the heat transfer contact performance between the two. The number of modules integrated into the above-mentioned graphite block 7 and the back plate 6 for the first wall required for the entire high-field side is 80 in total.

In order to facilitate the installation and maintenance of the first wall structure on the strong field side, the two ends of the combined structure of the graphite block 7 and the back plate 6 are fastened to the ring support 2 by four M8 screws 8 and butterfly washers 9 from the front of the first wall on the strong field side. . Among them, the ring support 2 is made of 316L stainless steel with a thickness of 35mm.

In order to eliminate the physical interface deviation between the graphite block 7 and the plasma, a copper block/copper foil assembly 4 is filled to adjust the physical interface precision, which is located between the ring support 2 and the vacuum chamber wall 1 on the strong field side. In this structure, the adjustable deviation of the copper block/copper foil assembly 4 is 10 mm, which is mainly determined by the processing error of the strong field side wall 1 of the vacuum chamber.

Another main function is to effectively improve the mutual contact between the strong field side wall 1 of the vacuum chamber and the first wall structure on the strong field side, thereby improving the heat transfer performance of the first wall structure on the strong field side.

In order to facilitate the installation and maintenance of the support components (including the via-ring support 2 and the copper block/copper foil assembly 4), the via-ring support 2 and the vacuum chamber strong field side wall 1 pass through the external thread stud 10 and the internal thread nut 3 to be fixed. First, the M10 external thread stud 10 is welded to the strong field side wall 1 of the vacuum chamber, and then the support assembly is fixed by screwing the inner hexagon nut 3 from the front.

After integrating the graphite block 7 and the back plate 6 into a module, screw M8 screws 8 with butterfly washers 9 at both ends to fix it to the ring support 2 . There is a 1mm gap between adjacent modules, and each module is independent of each other, which is easy to install and operate and maintain later.

In order to prevent the fasteners from directly facing the ion body and being damaged by a large amount of thermal load, the fasteners are screwed from the concave surface of the backing plate 6 to the graphite block 7 with the bead 5 inserted to fix the graphite block 7 . The overall thickness of the back plate 6 is 15mm, and it is made of rolled plates; the thickness of the graphite block 7 is 25mm, and there are 15 through holes in the center of the thickness, which are used to insert the semicircular section bead 5; the bead 5 corresponds to the screw hole of the back plate 6 A screw hole with a diameter of 6 is opened at the position for fixing the back plate 6 and the graphite block 7 .

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. The content that is not described in detail in the present invention can use the prior art.

Claims (8)

1. A first wall structure for a high field side of a tokamak apparatus, comprising: the vacuum chamber high-field composite plate comprises a vacuum chamber high-field side wall (1), a ring support (2), an internal thread nut (3), a copper block/copper foil assembly (4), a pressing strip (5), a back plate (6), a graphite block (7), a screw (8), a butterfly washer (9) and an external thread stud (10), wherein the first wall is arranged on the vacuum chamber high-field side wall (1) of a Tork Mark device, the thickness center of the graphite block (7) is inserted into the cross-section pressing strip (5), then the vacuum chamber is connected to a back plate (6) by adopting a screw (8) and butterfly washer (9) structure, the back plate (6) and graphite block (7) combined structure is fixed on a ring support (2) by the screw (8) and the butterfly washer (9), the ring support (2) is fixed on a vacuum chamber high field side wall (1) by an internal thread nut (3) and an external thread stud (10), and a copper block/copper foil assembly (4) is filled between the ring support (2) and the strong field side wall (1) of the vacuum chamber.

2. A first wall structure for use on the high field side of a tokamak apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein: the external thread stud (10) and the strong field side wall (1) of the vacuum chamber are welded.

3. A first wall structure for use on the high field side of a tokamak apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the ring support (2) is 35mm, the length of the ring support is 800mm, the ring support (2) is fixed on the vacuum chamber high-field side wall (1) through an external thread stud (10) and an inner hexagonal inner thread nut (3) which are welded on the vacuum chamber high-field side wall (1), the number of the first wall on the whole high-field side is 10 in total through the ring support ring direction, and the first wall is located at the end parts of two adjacent sectors of the vacuum chamber.

4. A first wall structure for use on the high field side of a tokamak apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein: the graphite blocks (7) have two sizes, one is the graphite block (7) fixed by two pressing strips together, the other is the graphite block (7) fixed by a single pressing strip, the size of the graphite block is twice that of the graphite block, the graphite block is positioned in the middle of a single first wall module structure, and no bolt hole is formed in the surface facing the plasma; the latter are located at both ends thereof, the surfaces of which are provided with bolt holes for fixing the individual modules to the ring support (2), the thickness of each module being 25 mm.

5. A first wall structure for use on the high field side of a tokamak apparatus as defined in claim 4, wherein: a gap of 0.67mm is reserved between the graphite blocks (7) and is mainly used for absorbing thermal deformation.

6. A first wall structure for use on the high field side of a tokamak apparatus as defined in claim 4, wherein: the side of the graphite block (7) is provided with a round hole (15) for inserting the pressing strip (5) with the semicircular section, the back of the graphite block (7) is provided with a back plate (6) made of 316L stainless steel, and the graphite block (7) inserted with the pressing strip (5) is mainly integrated to form a component through a fastener, so that the installation and the fixation are facilitated.

7. A first wall structure for use on the high field side of a tokamak apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein: and a graphite foil is padded between the graphite block (7) and the back plate (6) for improving the heat transfer contact performance between the graphite block and the back plate, and the number of modules formed by integrating the graphite block (7) and the back plate (6) into a first wall required by the whole strong field side is 80 in total.

8. A first wall structure for use on the high field side of a tokamak apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein: and two ends of the graphite block (7) and back plate (6) combined structure are screwed and fixed to the ring support (2) from the front surface of the first wall on the high field side through four M8 screws (8) and butterfly washers (9), wherein the ring support (2) is made of 316L stainless steel and has the thickness of 35 mm.

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