CN110643882A - High-performance impact steel material and casting method thereof - Google Patents
High-performance impact steel material and casting method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 107
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 53
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 40
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 28
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- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/008—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Si
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/005—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/08—Making cast-iron alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/10—Cast-iron alloys containing aluminium or silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/005—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing rare earths, i.e. Sc, Y, Lanthanides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/10—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing cobalt
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-performance impact steel material which is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 1.4-2% of C, 0.3-0.6% of Si, 0.3-0.4% of Ru, 0.03-0.08% of Sr, 0.03-0.06% of Ga, 0.1-0.3% of Re, 0.01-0.03% of Co, 0.01-0.03% of Sc, 0.2-0.3% of Mo, 0.01-0.03% of rare earth element, less than or equal to 0.020% of P, less than or equal to 0.020% of S, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities; the content of the inevitable impurities does not exceed 0.01%. The invention also provides a casting method of the high-performance impact steel material. The high-performance impact steel material disclosed by the invention has the advantages of excellent mechanical property, high elastic modulus, good corrosion resistance, excellent wear resistance and high temperature resistance, good plasticity at high temperature, strong forming capability, low resilience and high strength, can meet the requirements of light weight, high reliability and good performance stability of products required by modern manufacturing industry.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal materials, in particular to a high-performance impact steel material and a casting method thereof.
Background
In recent years, with the development of economy and the progress of society, automobiles are gradually popularized, and have become one of the main transportation means for ordinary people to travel, which brings convenience to their lives, however, the safety of vehicle body collision and the energy consumption caused by vehicle weight also attract people's extensive attention. In order to improve the collision safety of the automobile body and meet the weight reduction requirement of the automobile, the impact steel material is more and more widely applied. The material has good plasticity, strong forming capability, low resilience and high strength at high temperature, can meet the requirements of light weight and high reliability of products required by modern manufacturing industry, and has continuously increased demand on the automobile market.
The impact is to apply external force to the plate, strip, pipe and section by press and mould to make them produce plastic deformation or separation so as to obtain the steel material with required shape and size. The impact steel material manufactured by impact can be widely applied to pillars A and B, front and rear bumpers, window reinforcing ribs, floor channels, roof side rails and the like of automobiles. However, the surface of the impact steel material in the prior art is easily abraded, damaged by external force or oxidized and corroded during use, and the strength, impact performance and high temperature resistance are required to be further improved.
In order to improve the comprehensive performance of impact steel materials, the Chinese patent with application publication number CN 108059855A discloses an impact-resistant heat-resistant coating of a steel material stamping part, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25-40 parts of water-soluble epoxy resin, 20-35 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 18-38 parts of water-soluble acrylic resin, 4-12 parts of methacrylic acid, 2-8 parts of castor oil, 10-15 parts of sodium hexametaphosphate, 4-10 parts of titanium dioxide, 2-9 parts of zinc powder, 5-8 parts of n-trichloroethane and 3-10 parts of zeolite powder. The protective film has strong adhesive force to steel, good impact resistance, rust resistance and heat resistance, and improves the film hardness, impact strength, scratch resistance and thermal stability of steel stamping parts.
Therefore, the development of a high-performance impact steel material is very necessary, and the high-performance impact steel material has very important significance for improving the collision safety of the automobile body and meeting the requirement of weight reduction of the automobile.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a high-performance impact steel material which has the advantages of excellent mechanical property, high elastic modulus, good corrosion resistance, excellent wear resistance and high temperature resistance, good plasticity at high temperature, strong forming capability, low resilience, high strength, capability of meeting the requirements of light weight and high reliability of products required by modern manufacturing industry, good performance stability and higher social value and economic value in development of the material. Meanwhile, the invention also discloses a casting method of the high-performance impact steel material.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a high-performance impact steel material which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 1.4-2% of C, 0.3-0.6% of Si, 0.3-0.4% of Ru, 0.03-0.08% of Sr, 0.03-0.06% of Ga, 0.1-0.3% of Re, 0.01-0.03% of Co, 0.01-0.03% of Sc, 0.2-0.3% of Mo, 0.01-0.03% of rare earth element, less than or equal to 0.020% of P, less than or equal to 0.020% of S, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities; the content of the inevitable impurities does not exceed 0.01%.
Furthermore, the rare earth element is formed by mixing Gd and Ce according to the mass ratio of (1-1.5) to 1.
Further, the casting method of the high-performance impact steel material comprises the following steps:
step S1, smelting: melting pig iron into molten steel, raising the temperature in the furnace to 1520-plus 1580 ℃, adding C, Si, Ru, Sr, Ga, Re, Co, Sc, Mo, Gd, Ce, P and S, preserving the heat for 30-50min, raising the temperature to 1640-plus 1680 ℃, and stirring at constant temperature for 5-10min to obtain a matrix alloy liquid;
step S2, refining: cooling the temperature to a refining temperature, blowing nitrogen gas for refining treatment, and keeping the temperature for refining for 15-25 minutes;
step S3: standing the refined alloy melt for 10-15 minutes; then analyzing the proportion of each component element in the alloy melt, and when a certain component element is burnt, adding a material of the corresponding component element into the alloy melt to ensure that the mass percentage of each component meets the requirement;
step S4: pouring the alloy melt obtained in the step S3 into a refractory casting mold when the temperature of the alloy melt is reduced to 1450-;
step S5: heating the steel billet prepared in the step S4 to an austenitizing temperature under the protection of inert gas or under the vacuum condition, and performing hot stamping forming;
step S6: quenching and cooling the steel billet subjected to the hot stamping forming in the step S5;
step S7: and carrying out secondary heating treatment on the cooled steel billet, then cooling to the tempering temperature for tempering heat treatment, and carrying out fine blanking forming while the steel billet is hot.
Further, the refining temperature in step S2 is 720-750 ℃.
Further, the pressure of the nitrogen gas in step S2 is 0.12-0.22 MPa.
Further, the nitrogen gas blowing speed in step S2 is 0.4 to 0.6 kg/min.
Further, the inert gas in step S5 is selected from one of helium, neon and argon.
Further, the quenching and cooling in step S6 specifically includes: setting the cooling temperature T1 to Mf≤T1≤MsWherein: msThe range of M is more than or equal to 180 DEG Cs≤450℃，MfThe range of M is more than or equal to 80 DEG CfThe temperature is less than or equal to 180 ℃, so that the amount of austenite transformed into martensite reaches between 45 and 85 percent;
further, the secondary heating treatment in step S7 is specifically: the steel billet is put into a salt bath furnace, a fluidized bed furnace or an air heating furnace, heated to the heating temperature of 250-550 ℃, and then kept for 3-10 minutes.
Further, the tempering heat treatment in step S7 is specifically: the steel billet is put into a salt bath furnace, a fluidized bed furnace or an air heating furnace, and is heated to 150-450 ℃ for tempering treatment.
Due to the application of the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the high-performance impact steel material disclosed by the invention has the advantages of simple casting method and process, convenience in operation, high preparation efficiency and product qualification rate, low requirements on equipment dependence and reaction conditions, high economic value and social value and accordance with the requirements of large-scale production.
(2) The high-performance impact steel material disclosed by the invention overcomes the defects that the surface of the impact steel material in the prior art is easily worn, damaged by external force or oxidized and corroded in the using process, and the strength, the impact performance and the high-temperature resistance are required to be further improved, and has the advantages of excellent mechanical property, high elastic modulus, good corrosion resistance, excellent wear resistance and high-temperature resistance, good plasticity at high temperature, strong forming capability, low resilience and high strength, and can meet the requirements of light weight, high reliability and good performance stability of products required by modern manufacturing industry.
(3) The high-performance impact steel material disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the components have synergistic effect, the oxidation of metal is prevented, the dispersion problem of the components is improved, the strength, hardness, wear resistance, impact resistance, corrosion resistance and other properties of the steel are improved, the steel has excellent wear resistance, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and the like, the service life of wear-resistant parts can be obviously prolonged, the damage rate of machinery is reduced, and the safety coefficient is increased.
Detailed Description
The following description is presented to disclose the invention so as to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the invention. The preferred embodiments in the following description are given by way of example only, and other obvious variations will occur to those skilled in the art.
The raw materials in the examples of the invention are all purchased commercially.
Example 1
A high-performance impact steel material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 1.4% of C, 0.3% of Si, 0.3% of Ru, 0.03-0.08% of Sr, 0.03% of Ga, 0.1% of Re, 0.01% of Co, 0.01% of Sc, 0.2% of Mo, 0.01% of rare earth elements, less than or equal to 0.020% of P, less than or equal to 0.020% of S and the balance of iron and inevitable impurities; the content of the inevitable impurities does not exceed 0.01%.
The rare earth element is formed by mixing Gd and Ce according to the mass ratio of 1: 1.
The casting method of the high-performance impact steel material comprises the following steps:
step S1, smelting: melting pig iron into molten steel, raising the temperature in the furnace to 1520 ℃, adding C, Si, Ru, Sr, Ga, Re, Co, Sc, Mo, Gd, Ce, P and S, keeping the temperature for 30min, raising the temperature to 1640 ℃, keeping the temperature and stirring for 5min to obtain a matrix alloy liquid;
step S2, refining: cooling the temperature to a refining temperature, blowing nitrogen for refining, and keeping the temperature for refining for 15 minutes; the refining temperature is 720 ℃; the pressure of the nitrogen is 0.12 MPa; the nitrogen blowing speed is 0.4 kg/min;
step S3: standing the refined alloy melt for 10 minutes; then analyzing the proportion of each component element in the alloy melt, and when a certain component element is burnt, adding a material of the corresponding component element into the alloy melt to ensure that the mass percentage of each component meets the requirement;
step S4: when the temperature of the alloy melt obtained in the step S3 is reduced to 1450 ℃, pouring the alloy melt into a refractory casting mold, and cooling to room temperature to obtain an alloy billet;
step S5: heating the steel billet prepared in the step S4 to an austenitizing temperature under the protection of helium gas, and performing hot stamping forming;
step S6: quenching and cooling the steel billet subjected to the hot stamping forming in the step S5; the quenching and cooling specifically comprises the following steps: setting the cooling temperature T1 to be more than or equal to T of 80 DEG C1The temperature is less than or equal to 180 ℃, so that the amount of austenite transformed into martensite reaches 45 percent;
step S7: carrying out secondary heating treatment on the cooled steel billet, then cooling to the tempering temperature for tempering heat treatment, and carrying out fine blanking forming while the steel billet is hot; the secondary heating treatment specifically comprises the following steps: placing the steel billet in a flowing particle furnace, heating to 250 ℃, and then preserving heat for 3 minutes; the tempering heat treatment specifically comprises the following steps: and (3) placing the steel billet in a salt bath furnace, heating to 150 ℃ and tempering.
Example 2
A high-performance impact steel material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 1.6% of C, 0.4% of Si, 0.32% of Ru, 0.04% of Sr, 0.04% of Ga, 0.15% of Re, 0.015% of Co, 0.015% of Sc, 0.22% of Mo, 0.015% of rare earth elements, less than or equal to 0.020% of P, less than or equal to 0.020% of S, and the balance of iron and inevitable impurities; the content of the inevitable impurities does not exceed 0.01%; the rare earth element is formed by mixing Gd and Ce according to the mass ratio of 1.1: 1.
The casting method of the high-performance impact steel material comprises the following steps:
step S1, smelting: melting pig iron into molten steel, raising the temperature in the furnace to 1540 ℃, adding C, Si, Ru, Sr, Ga, Re, Co, Sc, Mo, Gd, Ce, P and S, keeping the temperature for 35min, raising the temperature to 1650 ℃, keeping the temperature and stirring for 6.5min to obtain a matrix alloy liquid;
step S2, refining: cooling the temperature to a refining temperature, blowing nitrogen gas for refining treatment, and keeping the temperature for refining for 17 minutes; the refining temperature is 730 ℃; the pressure of the nitrogen is 0.15 MPa; the nitrogen blowing speed is 0.45 kg/min;
step S3: standing the refined alloy melt for 11 minutes; then analyzing the proportion of each component element in the alloy melt, and when a certain component element is burnt, adding a material of the corresponding component element into the alloy melt to ensure that the mass percentage of each component meets the requirement;
step S4: pouring the alloy melt obtained in the step S3 into a refractory casting mold when the temperature of the alloy melt is reduced to 1470 ℃, and cooling to room temperature to obtain an alloy billet;
step S5: heating the steel billet prepared in the step S4 to an austenitizing temperature under a vacuum condition and performing hot stamping forming;
step S6: quenching and cooling the steel billet subjected to the hot stamping forming in the step S5; the quenching and cooling specifically comprises the following steps: setting the cooling temperature T1 to be more than or equal to 120 ℃ and less than or equal to 250 ℃ and enabling the amount of austenite converted into martensite to reach 55%;
step S7: carrying out secondary heating treatment on the cooled steel billet, then cooling to the tempering temperature for tempering heat treatment, and carrying out fine blanking forming while the steel billet is hot; the secondary heating treatment specifically comprises the following steps: placing the steel billet in a salt bath furnace, heating to 350 ℃, and then preserving heat for 5 minutes; the tempering heat treatment specifically comprises the following steps: and (3) placing the steel billet in a flowing particle furnace, heating to 250 ℃ and tempering.
Example 3
A high-performance impact steel material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 1.7% of C, 0.45% of Si, 0.35% of Ru, 0.05% of Sr, 0.045% of Ga, 0.2% of Re, 0.02% of Co, 0.02% of Sc, 0.25% of Mo, 0.02% of rare earth elements, less than or equal to 0.020% of P, less than or equal to 0.020% of S, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities; the content of the inevitable impurities does not exceed 0.01%; the rare earth element is formed by mixing Gd and Ce according to the mass ratio of 1.3: 1.
The casting method of the high-performance impact steel material comprises the following steps:
step S1, smelting: melting pig iron into molten steel, raising the temperature in a furnace to 1550 ℃, adding C, Si, Ru, Sr, Ga, Re, Co, Sc, Mo, Gd, Ce, P and S, keeping the temperature for 40min, raising the temperature to 1660 ℃, and stirring at constant temperature for 7.5min to obtain a matrix alloy liquid;
step S2, refining: cooling the temperature to a refining temperature, blowing nitrogen for refining treatment, and keeping the temperature for refining for 19 minutes; the refining temperature is 735 ℃; the pressure of the nitrogen is 0.18 MPa; the nitrogen blowing speed is 0.5 kg/min;
step S3: standing the refined alloy melt for 13 minutes; then analyzing the proportion of each component element in the alloy melt, and when a certain component element is burnt, adding a material of the corresponding component element into the alloy melt to ensure that the mass percentage of each component meets the requirement;
step S4: when the temperature of the alloy melt obtained in the step S3 is reduced to 1490 ℃, pouring the alloy melt into a refractory casting mold, and cooling to room temperature to obtain an alloy billet;
step S5: heating the steel billet prepared in the step S4 to austenitizing temperature under the protection of neon, and performing hot stamping forming;
step S6: quenching and cooling the steel billet subjected to the hot stamping forming in the step S5; the quenching and cooling specifically comprises the following steps: setting the cooling temperature T1 to be more than or equal to T of 150 DEG C1The temperature is less than or equal to 350 ℃, so that the amount of austenite transformed into martensite reaches 68 percent;
step S7: carrying out secondary heating treatment on the cooled steel billet, then cooling to the tempering temperature for tempering heat treatment, and carrying out fine blanking forming while the steel billet is hot; the secondary heating treatment specifically comprises the following steps: placing the steel billet in an air heating furnace, heating to 450 ℃, and then preserving heat for 8 minutes; the tempering heat treatment specifically comprises the following steps: and (3) placing the steel billet in a salt bath furnace, heating to 350 ℃ and tempering.
Example 4
A high-performance impact steel material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 1.9% of C, 0.5% of Si, 0.38% of Ru, 0.07% of Sr, 0.05% of Ga, 0.25% of Re, 0.025% of Co, 0.025% of Sc, 0.28% of Mo, 0.028% of rare earth elements, less than or equal to 0.020% of P, less than or equal to 0.020% of S, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities; the content of the inevitable impurities does not exceed 0.01%; the rare earth element is formed by mixing Gd and Ce according to the mass ratio of 1.4: 1.
The casting method of the high-performance impact steel material comprises the following steps:
step S1, smelting: melting pig iron into molten steel, raising the temperature in a furnace to 1570 ℃, adding C, Si, Ru, Sr, Ga, Re, Co, Sc, Mo, Gd, Ce, P and S, keeping the temperature for 45min, raising the temperature to 1670 ℃, keeping the temperature and stirring for 9min to obtain a matrix alloy liquid;
step S2, refining: cooling the temperature to a refining temperature, blowing nitrogen for refining treatment, and keeping the temperature for refining for 24 minutes; the refining temperature is 745 ℃; the pressure of the nitrogen is 0.21 MPa; the nitrogen blowing speed is 0.55 kg/min;
step S3: standing the refined alloy melt for 14 minutes; then analyzing the proportion of each component element in the alloy melt, and when a certain component element is burnt, adding a material of the corresponding component element into the alloy melt to ensure that the mass percentage of each component meets the requirement;
step S4: when the temperature of the alloy melt obtained in the step S3 is reduced to 1540 ℃, pouring the alloy melt into a refractory casting mold, and cooling to room temperature to obtain an alloy steel billet;
step S5: heating the steel billet prepared in the step S4 to an austenitizing temperature under the protection of argon gas, and performing hot stamping forming;
step S6: quenching and cooling the steel billet subjected to the hot stamping forming in the step S5; the quenching and cooling specifically comprises the following steps: setting the cooling temperature T1 to be less than or equal to T of 160 DEG C1The temperature is less than or equal to 420 ℃, so that the amount of austenite transformed into martensite reaches 75 percent;
step S7: carrying out secondary heating treatment on the cooled steel billet, then cooling to the tempering temperature for tempering heat treatment, and carrying out fine blanking forming while the steel billet is hot; the secondary heating treatment specifically comprises the following steps: placing the steel billet in a salt bath furnace, heating to 500 ℃, and then preserving heat for 9.5 minutes; the tempering heat treatment specifically comprises the following steps: and (3) placing the steel billet in a flowing particle furnace, heating to 400 ℃ and tempering.
Example 5
A high-performance impact steel material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 2% of C, 0.6% of Si, 0.4% of Ru, 0.08% of Sr, 0.06% of Ga, 0.3% of Re, 0.03% of Co, 0.03% of Sc, 0.3% of Mo, 0.03% of rare earth elements, less than or equal to 0.020% of P, less than or equal to 0.020% of S, and the balance of iron and inevitable impurities; the content of the inevitable impurities does not exceed 0.01%; the rare earth element is formed by mixing Gd and Ce according to the mass ratio of 1.5: 1.
The casting method of the high-performance impact steel material comprises the following steps:
step S1, smelting: melting pig iron into molten steel, raising the temperature in a furnace to 1580 ℃, adding C, Si, Ru, Sr, Ga, Re, Co, Sc, Mo, Gd, Ce, P and S, keeping the temperature for 50min, raising the temperature to 1680 ℃, keeping the temperature and stirring for 10min to obtain a matrix alloy liquid;
step S2, refining: cooling the temperature to a refining temperature, blowing nitrogen gas for refining treatment, and keeping the temperature for refining for 25 minutes; the refining temperature is 750 ℃; the pressure of the nitrogen is 0.22 MPa; the nitrogen blowing speed is 0.6 kg/min;
step S3: standing the refined alloy melt for 15 minutes; then analyzing the proportion of each component element in the alloy melt, and when a certain component element is burnt, adding a material of the corresponding component element into the alloy melt to ensure that the mass percentage of each component meets the requirement;
step S4: pouring the alloy melt obtained in the step S3 into a refractory casting mold when the temperature of the alloy melt is reduced to 1550 ℃, and cooling to room temperature to obtain an alloy billet;
step S5: heating the steel billet prepared in the step S4 to an austenitizing temperature under a vacuum condition and performing hot stamping forming;
step S6: quenching and cooling the steel billet subjected to the hot stamping forming in the step S5; the quenching and cooling specifically comprises the following steps: setting the cooling temperature T1 to be less than or equal to T of 180 DEG C1The temperature is less than or equal to 450 ℃, so that the amount of austenite transformed into martensite reaches 85 percent;
step S7: carrying out secondary heating treatment on the cooled steel billet, then cooling to the tempering temperature for tempering heat treatment, and carrying out fine blanking forming while the steel billet is hot; the secondary heating treatment specifically comprises the following steps: placing the steel billet in a flowing particle furnace, heating to 550 ℃, and then preserving heat for 10 minutes; the tempering heat treatment specifically comprises the following steps: and (3) placing the steel billet in an air heating furnace, heating to 450 ℃ and tempering.
Comparative example 1
The present invention provides a high-performance impact steel material, the formulation and casting method of which are similar to those of example 1, except that Si is not added.
Comparative example 2
The present invention provides a high-performance impact steel material, the formulation and casting method of which are similar to those of example 1, except that no Ru is added.
Comparative example 3
The present invention provides a high performance impact steel material having a formulation and casting method similar to those of example 1, except that Sr is not added.
Comparative example 4
The present invention provides a high-performance impact steel material, which has a formulation and a casting method similar to those of example 1, except that Ga is not added.
Comparative example 5
The present invention provides a high-performance impact steel material, whose formulation and casting method are similar to those of example 1, except that no Re is added.
Comparative example 6
The present invention provides a high-performance impact steel material, the formulation and casting method of which are similar to those of example 1, except that Co is not added.
Comparative example 7
The present invention provides a high performance impact steel material having a formulation and casting method similar to those of example 1 except that no Sc is added.
Comparative example 8
The present invention provides a high-performance impact steel material, the formulation and casting method of which are similar to those of example 1, except that Mo is not added.
Comparative example 9
Commercially available impact steel materials.
The impact steel materials prepared in examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 9 above were subjected to the relevant performance tests, and the test results and the test methods are shown in Table 1.
As can be seen from Table 1, the impact steel material disclosed in the examples of the present invention has more excellent mechanical properties and wear resistance than the commercially available products, which are the result of the synergy of the components.
TABLE 1
| Item | Tensile strength | Impact toughness | Hardness of |
| Unit of | MPa | J/cm2 | HB |
| Test standard | GB/T7964-1987 | GB/T1817-2017 | GB/T231.1-2002 |
| Example 1 | 1600 | 65 | 350 |
| Example 2 | 1620 | 67 | 362 |
| Example 3 | 1635 | 68 | 370 |
| Example 4 | 1648 | 70 | 380 |
| Example 5 | 1660 | 73 | 383 |
| Comparative example 1 | 1430 | 55 | 283 |
| Comparative example 2 | 1450 | 57 | 280 |
| Comparative example 3 | 1460 | 58 | 275 |
| Comparative example 4 | 1435 | 60 | 279 |
| Comparative example 5 | 1470 | 56 | 283 |
| Comparative example 6 | 1475 | 54 | 286 |
| Comparative example 7 | 1465 | 55 | 280 |
| Comparative example 8 | 1459 | 58 | 290 |
| Comparative example 9 | 1400 | 50 | 260 |
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. The high-performance impact steel material is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 1.4-2% of C, 0.3-0.6% of Si, 0.3-0.4% of Ru, 0.03-0.08% of Sr, 0.03-0.06% of Ga, 0.1-0.3% of Re, 0.01-0.03% of Co, 0.01-0.03% of Sc, 0.2-0.3% of Mo, 0.01-0.03% of rare earth element, less than or equal to 0.020% of P, less than or equal to 0.020% of S, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities; the content of the inevitable impurities does not exceed 0.01%.
2. The high-performance impact steel material according to claim 1, wherein the rare earth element is a mixture of Gd and Ce in a mass ratio of (1-1.5): 1.
3. The high-performance impact steel material according to claim 2, characterized in that the casting method of the high-performance impact steel material comprises the steps of:
step S1, smelting: melting pig iron into molten steel, raising the temperature in the furnace to 1520-plus 1580 ℃, adding C, Si, Ru, Sr, Ga, Re, Co, Sc, Mo, Gd, Ce, P and S, preserving the heat for 30-50min, raising the temperature to 1640-plus 1680 ℃, and stirring at constant temperature for 5-10min to obtain a matrix alloy liquid;
step S2, refining: cooling the temperature to a refining temperature, blowing nitrogen gas for refining treatment, and keeping the temperature for refining for 15-25 minutes;
step S3: standing the refined alloy melt for 10-15 minutes; then analyzing the proportion of each component element in the alloy melt, and when a certain component element is burnt, adding a material of the corresponding component element into the alloy melt to ensure that the mass percentage of each component meets the requirement;
step S4: pouring the alloy melt obtained in the step S3 into a refractory casting mold when the temperature of the alloy melt is reduced to 1450-;
step S5: heating the steel billet prepared in the step S4 to an austenitizing temperature under the protection of inert gas or under the vacuum condition, and performing hot stamping forming;
step S6: quenching and cooling the steel billet subjected to the hot stamping forming in the step S5;
step S7: and carrying out secondary heating treatment on the cooled steel billet, then cooling to the tempering temperature for tempering heat treatment, and carrying out fine blanking forming while the steel billet is hot.
4. The high-performance impact steel material as claimed in claim 3, wherein the refining temperature in step S2 is 720-750 ℃.
5. The high-performance impact steel material according to claim 3, wherein the gas pressure of the nitrogen gas in step S2 is 0.12-0.22 MPa.
6. The high-performance impact steel material according to claim 3, wherein the nitrogen gas blowing speed in step S2 is 0.4-0.6 kg/min.
7. The high performance impact steel material according to claim 3, wherein the inert gas in step S5 is selected from one of helium, neon and argon.
8. The high-performance impact steel material as claimed in claim 3, wherein the quenching cooling in step S6 is specifically: setting the cooling temperature T1 to Mf≤T1≤MsWherein: msThe range of M is more than or equal to 180 DEG Cs≤450℃，MfThe range of M is more than or equal to 80 DEG CfLess than or equal to 180 ℃ so that the amount of austenite transformed into martensite reaches between 45 and 85 percent.
9. The high-performance impact steel material according to claim 3, wherein the secondary heating treatment in step S7 is specifically: the steel billet is put into a salt bath furnace, a fluidized bed furnace or an air heating furnace, heated to the heating temperature of 250-550 ℃, and then kept for 3-10 minutes.
10. The high-performance impact steel material as claimed in claim 3, wherein the tempering heat treatment in step S7 is specifically: the steel billet is put into a salt bath furnace, a fluidized bed furnace or an air heating furnace, and is heated to 150-450 ℃ for tempering treatment.
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