CN110631944B - Underwater material scouring three-dimensional effect experimental device and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an underwater material scouring three-dimensional effect experiment device and method, comprising: an outer water tank, a base connected with the bottom of the outer water tank, and a monitoring component arranged above the top of the outer water tank; the outer water tank is used for carrying tracer particles containing tracer particles. Fluid, the groove wall of the outer water tank is provided with a bearing member, the bearing member can be partially or completely submerged in the fluid, and an inner drum is arranged in the outer water tank; a power device is arranged in the base, and the power device is connected with the inner drum for transmission; monitoring The assembly includes a support member, a first capture member and a first development member suspended on the support member, a second capture member and a second development member disposed in the inner drum, the second capture member and the second development member It is connected with the support member through the guide rod. By applying the technical solution of the present application, scouring is generated by the self-rotation of the inner drum, and the erosion force is lasting and stable, which is suitable for long-term experiments, and the device does not need to provide a water circulation system, which is more energy-saving.

Description

A kind of experimental device and method of underwater material scouring stereo effect

technical field

The invention relates to the field of material testing, in particular to an experimental device and method for the three-dimensional effect of underwater material scouring.

Background technique

In the field of hydraulic structures, especially in wading structures such as dams, embankments, bridges, etc., since part of the structure of the building is in the underwater position for a long time, it is inevitable that the long-term erosion and erosion of the building by the water flow will lead to the construction of the building. The characteristics of the surface material change, and even affect key physical indicators such as elastic modulus and linear expansion coefficient. At present, the researchers' understanding of the erosion characteristics of the fluid flow is still at a very macroscopic stage, and there is no quantitative analysis device that can be used for theoretical basis and microscopic characteristics.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an experimental device and method for the three-dimensional effect of underwater material scouring, which is used to measure the scouring effect and erosion state of fluid on materials.

Based on the above purpose, on the one hand, the present invention provides an experimental device for the three-dimensional effect of underwater material scouring, the device includes: an outer water tank, a base connected to the bottom of the outer water tank, and a monitoring device disposed above the top of the outer water tank components;

The outer water tank is used to carry the fluid containing the tracer particles, the groove wall of the outer water tank is provided with at least one bearing member, the bearing member can be partially or completely submerged in the fluid, and the outer water tank is provided with at least one bearing member. There is an inner drum;

A power device is arranged in the base, and the power device is drivingly connected with the inner drum;

The monitoring assembly includes a support member, at least one first capture member and at least one first imaging member suspended on the support member, at least one second capture member and at least one first image member disposed in the inner drum. Two developing members, the second capturing member and the second developing member are connected with the supporting member through a guide rod.

In some embodiments, the load-bearing member includes a washout plate, a connecting rope connecting the washout plate and the connecting ring, and a connecting rope, the washout plate being partially or fully submerged in the fluid, The flushing plate is suspended from the support member by the connecting ring.

In some embodiments, the outer water tank is a cylindrical water tank; the inner drum is cylindrical, and is arranged at the center of the outer water tank; the inner drum is transmitted with the power device through an inner drum holder The inner drum is sealed and fixedly connected with the inner drum holder.

In some embodiments, the power device includes a metal base, a coil tightly wound on the metal base, and a rotor disposed in the metal base, the coil is connected to an external power grid through a converter, and the rotor is connected to the The inner drum is connected by transmission.

In some embodiments, the first imaging member includes a first laser, a first pyramid and a first connecting rod, one end of the first connecting rod is fixedly connected with the supporting member, the first laser and The first pyramid is fixedly connected with the first connecting rod, the first laser vertically irradiates the fluid between the bearing member and the inner drum, and the first pyramid is arranged on the on the irradiation path of the first laser;

The second imaging member includes a first carrying base, a second laser and a second pyramid arranged on the first carrying base, and the second laser is irradiated horizontally on the carrying member and the fluid is submerged in the fluid. In the inner part, the second pyramid is arranged on the irradiation path of the second laser, and the first bearing base is fixedly connected with the guide rod.

In some implementations, the first capturing member includes a first high-speed camera and a second connecting rod, one end of the second connecting rod is fixedly connected to the supporting member, and the first high-speed camera is adjustably connected to the supporting member. the other end of the second connecting rod;

The second capturing member includes a second carrying base and a second high-speed camera disposed on the second carrying base, and the second carrying base is fixedly connected to the guide rod.

In some embodiments, the device further includes a fan blade, an interface is provided on the cylinder wall of the inner drum, and the fan blade is detachably disposed on the cylinder wall through the interface.

In some embodiments, a length adjuster is provided on the guide rod, and the length adjuster makes the length of the guide rod adjustable.

In some embodiments, the support member is connected to the balance base through a balance rod; and is detachably connected to the tank wall of the outer water tank through at least one auxiliary rod and a contact piece disposed at one end of the auxiliary rod.

On the other hand, the present invention also provides an experimental method for the three-dimensional effect of underwater material scouring, including:

Fill the outer tank with fluid containing tracer particles;

When the device is powered on, the power device in the base generates an electromagnetic field and drives the inner drum to rotate, and the inner drum drives the fluid to rotate and wash the underwater material on the bearing member;

Using the first imaging member connected to the support member through the guide rod and the second imaging member disposed in the inner drum in the monitoring assembly to irradiate the fluid, the tracer particles in the irradiated fluid can be changed visually. ;

Using the first capture member connected to the support member through the guide rod and the second capture member disposed in the inner drum in the monitoring assembly to capture the visual change of the tracer particles and the image of the underwater material, the The image is transmitted to the remote display device for display.

As can be seen from the above, the present invention provides an experimental device and method for the three-dimensional effect of underwater material scouring, including: an outer water tank, a base connected to the bottom of the outer water tank, and a monitoring component disposed above the top of the outer water tank; It is used to carry the fluid containing tracer particles. The groove wall of the outer water tank is provided with a bearing member, which can be partially or completely submerged in the fluid. The outer water tank is provided with an inner drum; The monitoring assembly includes a support member, a first capture member and a first imaging member suspended on the support member, a second capture member and a second imaging member disposed in the inner drum, and the second The capturing member and the second developing member are connected to the supporting member through the guide rod. By applying the technical solution of the present application, scouring is generated by the self-rotation of the inner drum, and the erosion force is lasting and stable, which is suitable for long-term experiments, and the device does not need to provide a water circulation system, which is more energy-saving.

Description of drawings

In order to explain the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

1 is a schematic structural diagram of an experimental device for a three-dimensional effect of underwater material scouring proposed by an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a specific structural schematic diagram of an experimental device for underwater material scouring three-dimensional effect proposed in an embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a schematic flowchart of an experimental method for a three-dimensional effect of underwater material scouring proposed by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the effect of the theoretical fluid velocity field proposed in the embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

It should be noted that all expressions using "first" and "second" in the embodiments of the present invention are for the purpose of distinguishing two entities with the same name but not the same or non-identical parameters. It can be seen that "first" and "second" It is only for the convenience of expression and should not be construed as a limitation to the embodiments of the present invention, and subsequent embodiments will not describe them one by one.

Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the technical field of the present invention. The terms used in the description of the present invention in this specification are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

As mentioned in the background art, under normal circumstances, the erosion period of water bodies to underwater structures is relatively long, so it is difficult to conduct systematic simulation and research by experiments. The existing experimental devices for erosion and scouring usually use flowing water to scour the experimental materials. There are four problems with such experimental devices: first, the speed of the water flow is difficult to ensure a steady state, and turbulence that is difficult to quantify and analyze is often formed. Therefore, it is difficult to effectively control the experimental variables; secondly, due to the long period of the scouring experiment, the experimental device uses flowing water and the water pump is used for recycling, and the experimental energy consumption is often high; thirdly, the analysis of the experimental data only It can stay at the macro level, and it is difficult to provide simplified and basic experimental data to support theoretical research; fourth, there is no experimental device that can provide three-dimensional water flow data, regardless of whether it is parallel to the erosion surface or perpendicular to the erosion surface. The hydraulic properties all have an effect on the erosion effect. In view of the above problems, it is very necessary to find a scouring experiment device that can provide laminar flow characteristic scouring with low energy consumption and can record its flow state, which is very necessary for theoretical and onlooker research, not only the direction that engineers and technicians strive to pursue, but also the Necessary conditions for in-depth study of scour and erosion problems of underwater structures and improvement of material properties.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application discloses an experimental device and method for the three-dimensional effect of underwater material scouring, which drives the inner drum to rotate through a power device, thereby driving the fluid flow between the outer water tank and the inner drum, so as to facilitate the placement of the inner drum. The experimental material on the load-bearing member of the outer tank wall provides a durable and stable washout. In addition, the flow state of the water flow is recorded by the imaging component, the underwater tracer particles and the capture component, so that the influence of the water body flow state on the material erosion effect can be analyzed through image processing.

The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present specification will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to Fig. 1, which is a schematic structural diagram of an underwater material scouring three-dimensional effect experimental device of the present embodiment, the underwater material scouring three-dimensional effect experimental device specifically includes: an outer water tank 1, a base connected with the bottom of the outer water tank 1 2 and the monitoring component 3 arranged above the top of the outer water tank 1;

The outer water tank 1 is used to carry the fluid 4 containing the tracer particles, and the tank wall of the outer water tank 1 is provided with at least one bearing member 5, and the bearing member 5 can be partially or completely submerged in the fluid 4, The outer water tank 1 is provided with an inner drum 6;

The base 1 is provided with a power device 7, and the power device 7 is drivingly connected with the inner drum 6;

The monitoring assembly 3 includes a supporting member 8 , at least one first capturing member 9 and at least one first imaging member 12 suspended on the supporting member 8 , and at least one second imaging member 12 disposed in the inner drum 6 . The capturing member 10 and at least one second developing member 13 are connected to the supporting member 8 through a guide rod 11 .

It can be seen that in this solution, the outer water tank is mainly used to carry fluid, and its wall can carry components, and an inner drum is arranged in the middle. It can be seen that the form of the outer water tank can be many, for example: a square groove structure, a cylindrical groove structure or an oval groove structure and so on. The fluids carried can be various liquids used in experiments, such as: water, various reagents, various solutions that can simulate the experimental environment, emulsions or turbid liquids, and the like. At the same time, the bearing member is used to carry the experimental materials, and its connection with the outer tank wall can be hung on the tank wall, fixed on the tank wall by means of a buckle, inserted into the tank wall through a latch, etc.; The connection method of the material can be hanging on the bearing member, fixed on the bearing member by snaps, adsorbed on the bearing member by magnetic force, etc.; in addition, one or more bearing members can be set according to the experimental requirements. The inner drum is used to drive the fluid in the outer water tank and make the fluid form a flow state. The shape of the inner drum can be cylindrical, square, wavy, etc. that can drive the fluid, and the flow state formed can be a layer. flow or turbulent flow.

As for the base, it is used to carry the outer water tank, and its shape can be cylindrical or square with the same size as the outer water tank, cylindrical or square larger than the outer water tank, etc., or only a bracket for carrying the outer water tank, etc. A power device is arranged inside the base to provide power for the rotation of the inner drum, and its form can be a device that can provide rotational power such as a common motor, an electromagnetic induction device, and the like. The power device is connected with the inner drum in a transmission manner, and the connection mode can be direct connection, connection through a transmission rod, or connection through transmission bearings, gears, etc., and so on.

For the detection component, it is used to image and record the fluid flow state, experimental materials and their mutual influence. The form can be the presence of infrared imaging particles in the fluid, and an infrared camera is used to directly photograph the water body and record; Laser imaging particles, using lasers to visualize particles and using cameras to capture images, etc.

In this solution, the detection component includes a support member, which is used to support other components in the load-bearing detection component, and its material can be metal, inorganic material, organic material, etc., and its shape can be a square plate, a circular plate, a square frame, a circular frame and many more.

Both the first capturing member and the second capturing member can be set in multiples, and the number corresponds to the number of the bearing members, which are used to capture the picture, which can be cameras, video cameras, etc., wherein the first capturing member can pass through metal rods, steel wires, etc. After being suspended on the supporting member, the second catching member can be connected to the supporting member by directly connecting with the supporting member through a metal rod, connecting with the tray through a metal rod, and the tray supporting the second catching member, and so on.

The first imaging member and the second imaging member can be set in multiples, and the number corresponds to the number of the bearing members, which are used to display the fluid flow state, etc., which can be lasers, infrared emitters, etc. Instruments for particle imaging. Wherein the first developing member can be suspended on the supporting member through a metal rod, steel wire, etc.; the second developing member can be connected with the supporting member in the following way: directly connected with the supporting member through the metal rod; connected with the tray through the metal rod, the tray Carrying the second developing member; connecting with the rotatable second developing member through a rotatable guide rod, and so on. The two developing regions formed by the first developing member and the second developing member intersect to form a three-dimensional fluid flow effect.

As can be seen from the above, the present invention provides an experimental device and method for the three-dimensional effect of underwater material scouring, including: an outer water tank, a base connected to the bottom of the outer water tank, and a monitoring component disposed above the top of the outer water tank; It is used to carry the fluid containing tracer particles. The groove wall of the outer water tank is provided with a bearing member, which can be partially or completely submerged in the fluid. The outer water tank is provided with an inner drum; The monitoring assembly includes a support member, a first capture member and a first imaging member suspended on the support member, a second capture member and a second imaging member disposed in the inner drum, and the second The capturing member and the second developing member are connected to the supporting member through the guide rod. By applying the technical solution of the present application, scouring is generated by the self-rotation of the inner drum, and the erosion force is lasting and stable, which is suitable for long-term experiments, and the device does not need to provide a water circulation system, which is more energy-saving.

In an optional embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , the bearing member 5 includes a scouring plate 5-1, a connecting rope 5-2 and a connecting ring 5-3, and the connecting rope 5-2 Connect the flushing plate 5-1 and the connecting ring 5-2, the flushing plate 5-1 is partially or completely submerged in the fluid 4, and the flushing plate 5-1 passes through the connecting ring 5- 3 is suspended from the support member 8 . Through this arrangement, the scouring plate and the fluid surface can be kept in a vertical state by means of suspension. At the same time, this arrangement can flexibly adjust the length of the connecting rope, thereby flexibly adjusting the height of the scouring plate, and at the same time, the entire bearing member can be flexibly disassembled. It is more convenient for users to install and remove experimental materials.

In an optional embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , the outer water tank 1 is a cylindrical water tank; the inner drum 6 is cylindrical, and is arranged at the center of the outer water tank 1; The inner drum 6 is connected to the power device 7 through the inner drum holder 6-1, and the inner drum 6 is sealed and fixedly connected to the inner drum holder 6-1. Through this setting, the inner drum can make the fluid laminar when it rotates, keep the speed of the water flow steady, and avoid the formation of turbulent flow that is difficult to quantitatively analyze. Therefore, the experimental variables can be effectively controlled. By setting the inner drum holder, the inner drum can be kept more stable, and at the same time, the inner drum can be kept dry by means of sealing and fixed connection, so as to ensure the stable operation of other equipment.

In an optional embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 , the power device 7 includes a metal base 7-1, a coil 7-2 tightly wound on the metal base 7-1, and a coil 7-2 disposed on the metal base 7-1. The rotor 7-3 in the metal base 7-1, the coil 3-2 is connected to the external power grid through the converter 7-4, and the rotor 7-3 is connected to the inner drum 6 in a driving manner. Through this arrangement, the entire power unit can be made to generate electromagnetic induction effect, and the rotor in the middle can be rotated under the influence of the magnetic field and drive the inner drum to rotate. and the metal base to generate magnetic field lines 15 of electromagnetic induction.

In an optional implementation manner, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 , the first imaging member 12 includes a first laser 12-1, a first pyramid 12-2 and a first connecting rod 12-3 , one end of the first connecting rod 12-3 is fixedly connected with the supporting member 8, and the first laser 12-1 and the first pyramid 12-2 are fixed with the first connecting rod 12-3 connected, the first laser 12-1 vertically irradiates the fluid 4 between the bearing member 5 and the inner drum 6, and the first pyramid 12-2 is arranged on the first laser 12- 1 on the irradiation path; the second imaging member 13 includes a first bearing base 13-3, a second laser 13-1 and a second pyramid 13-2 arranged on the first bearing base 13-3, The second laser 13-1 horizontally irradiates the portion of the bearing member 5 that is submerged in the fluid 4, the second pyramid 13-2 is arranged on the irradiation path of the second laser 13-1, The first bearing base 13 - 3 is fixedly connected with the guide rod 11 . Through this setting, the tracer particles in the fluid can be effectively visualized, and the laser light emitted by the laser radiates into a fan-shaped laser radiation surface through the corner cone, which can irradiate a wider range of fluids. The pyramid is kept in a vertical state to irradiate the fluid, and the second laser and the second pyramid are kept in a horizontal state through the first bearing base, so that the tracer particles can display the fluid state on a vertical plane and a horizontal plane. The flow state conditions on the vertical and horizontal planes can reflect the three-dimensional flow state effect of the entire fluid. As shown in FIG. 2 , the first laser 12-1 forms the laser radiation surface 16 through the first pyramid 12-2, and the second laser 13 -1 The laser radiation surface 17 is formed by the second pyramid 13-2.

In an optional embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 , the first capturing member 9 includes a first high-speed camera 9-1 and a second connecting rod 9-2. The second connecting rod 9 One end of -2 is fixedly connected with the support member 8, and the first high-speed camera 9-1 is adjustably connected to the other end of the second connecting rod 9-2; the second capturing member 10 includes a second A carrying base 10-2 and a second high-speed camera 10-1 disposed on the second carrying base 10-2, and the second carrying base 10-2 is fixedly connected with the guide rod 11. With this setting, the first high-speed camera can be kept in a vertical state and can quickly capture the instantaneous change of the fluid on the horizontal plane, and the second high-speed camera can be kept in a horizontal state and can quickly capture the instantaneous change of the fluid on the vertical plane Variety. At the same time, the changes of the fluid are converted into high-resolution photos for later analysis. The height of the first high-speed camera can be adjusted to adapt to the needs of different water levels and different material scouring positions. As shown in Figure 2, the first high-speed camera The shooting range 18 of 9-1 can be freely adjusted in height, the shooting range 19 of the second high-speed camera 10-1, the images captured by the first high-speed camera 9-1 and the second high-speed camera 10-1 are transmitted to the remote display device 14 to display. In addition, the connecting rod may be a metal rod or a plastic rod or the like.

In an optional embodiment, the device further includes a fan blade, an interface is provided on the cylinder wall of the inner drum, and the fan blade is detachably disposed on the cylinder wall through the interface. With this setup, it is possible to compare the effects of laminar and turbulent scouring on the material, and then conduct control experiments. The shape of the fan blade can be various shapes that can drive the water flow, such as: straight plate shape, wavy line, propeller shape, etc. The position of the interface can be the upper side of the cylinder wall or the middle, as long as it can play a role in It is enough to fix the function of the fan blade and not affect the laminar flow experiment.

In an optional embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2 , a length adjuster 11 - 1 is provided on the guide rod 11 , and the length adjuster 11 - 1 makes the length of the guide rod 11 adjustable. Through this arrangement, the length of the guide rod can be flexibly adjusted, so that the second capturing member and the second imaging member connected to the lower end of the guide rod can move up and down flexibly, so as to adapt to different water levels and different material scouring positions.

In an optional embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2 , the support member 8 is connected to the balance base 8-2 through a balance rod 8-1; through at least one auxiliary rod 8-3 and arranged on the auxiliary rod The contact piece 8-4 at one end of 8-3 is detachably connected to the tank wall of the outer water tank 1 . The balance base is a balance weight, and the support member is kept stable by the balance rod. The auxiliary rod is used to assist the support member. The auxiliary rod is detachably connected to the wall of the outer water tank. The bar auxiliary rod and the support member can form an observation window. With this arrangement, the support member can be kept horizontal and stable, and easy to move, and the position of the monitoring assembly and the observation window of the experiment can be controlled more effectively and accurately.

In a specific application scenario, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, the structure of the underwater material scouring three-dimensional effect experimental device mainly includes three parts: a monitoring component 3, an outer tank 1 and a base 2. The outer water tank 1 includes an inner drum 6, an inner drum holder 6-1, a scouring plate 5-1 and its fixing device connecting rope 5-2, connecting ring 5-3, etc. This part is mainly used to carry the main body of the experimental object , through the self-rotation of the inner drum 6, the water flow speed in the outer water tank 1 is driven, so as to provide continuous and stable erosion for the experimental material in the scouring plate 5-1. The monitoring assembly 3 includes a plurality of lasers, pyramids and high-speed cameras, and connecting bearing structures such as guide rods 11 and supporting members 8 . The support member 8 includes a balance rod 8-1, a balance base 8-2, an auxiliary rod 8-3, and a contact piece 8-4, which are used to fix and support the monitoring assembly 3. The base 2 includes a power device 7 in the base, as well as connecting and supporting accessories, etc. The function of this part is to provide power for the self-rotation of the inner drum 6, so as to provide uniform and continuous scouring for the experimental materials. The power device 7 includes a metal base 7-1, a coil 7-2, a rotor 7-3, and a converter 7-4.

In the outer water tank 1, the inner drum 6 is a hollow cylinder with a transparent organic glass material with an open upper end, the diameter of the bottom surface of the cylinder is 50cm～70cm, the height is 100cm～140cm, and the wall thickness is 1.5cm～2.5cm. The fixer 6-1 is fixed on the rotatable rotor 7-3; the outer water tank 1 is a transparent plexiglass material with an open top cylinder, its diameter is 100cm-140cm, the height is 100cm-140cm, and the wall thickness is 2.5cm ～3.5cm; the scouring plate 5-1 is used to install the materials to be tested, and can be fitted on the inside of the outer water tank, fixed on the support member 8 by the connecting rope 5-2 and the connecting ring 5-3, and adjusted by adjusting the connecting rope The length of 5-2 controls the vertical position of the scouring plate 5-1; the connecting rope 5-2 is a hot-dip galvanized steel wire rope, the structure is 2*7, the product specification is 1*7 2mm-3mm, and the rope diameter is 4mm ～6mm; the outer surface of the inner drum 6 is provided with an interface for adding fan blades. When the purpose of the experiment is to study the scouring effect of laminar flow, keep the surface of the inner drum 6 smooth. When the sand wash effect of the material, install the fan piece at the interface, so as to realize the simulation of different flow states; the fan piece can be a plastic structure, and 2-5 pieces can be installed on the same horizontal layer, the width is 5-20cm, and the length is 5-30cm.

In part 3 of the monitoring assembly, a laser, a pyramid, and a high-speed camera are installed inside the inner drum 6 and on the supporting member 8 above the outer water tank 1, respectively. The shooting ranges of the two sets of capturing members installed in the inner drum 6 and on the supporting member 8 are perpendicular to each other, so that the three-dimensional velocity field of the water body can be obtained. Optionally, the number of lasers can be 4, two are installed in the inner drum 6, two are suspended on the support member 8, the power is 5KW～20KW, the emitted light is green light with a wavelength of 532nm, and the inner rotation is The laser in the barrel 6 is fixed on the first bearing base 13-3 by screws, and the beams emitted by all the lasers are adjusted by the angle cone, and the beam shape changes from linear to fan. According to experimental requirements, a model with a diffusion angle of 30° to 60° can be selected for the pyramid; the first bearing base 13 - 3 is fixed on the support member 8 through the guide rod 11 . The support member 8 is fixed by the balance rod 8-1 and the balance base 8-2. This installation scheme is easy to move, and can more effectively and accurately control the position of the monitoring device and the observation window of the experiment. Optionally, the number of high-speed cameras can be 4, two of which are installed inside the inner drum 6, and the other two are installed on the top support member 8 through the second connecting rod 9-2. The number of shooting frames is not less than 200fps, and the number of pixels is not less than 1280*720plx. The green light beams emitted by all lasers, after passing through the angle cone, are converted from beams to fans, which can illuminate the entire shooting surface of the high-speed camera. The tracer particles in the water body, with a diameter of 5um-20um, have a strong ability to refract light when placed in the water. The motion trajectory of the tracer particles is captured by the laser to obtain the flow state of the water inside the outer tank, and then the influence of the water flow state on the scour of the underwater material is obtained. The feature of this scheme is that two sets of cameras and lasers are installed in the horizontal and vertical directions, which can shoot the cross-section and longitudinal section of the water body respectively, so as to obtain the three-dimensional velocity field of the entire tracer particle and the entire water body.

In the device, the first connecting rod 12 - 3 , the second connecting rod 9 - 2 , and the guide rod 11 are used to provide tensile force for the monitoring assembly 3 and to fix other components in the monitoring assembly 3 on the support member 8 . The balance rod 8-1 and the balance base 8-2 are used to fix the support member 8. Optionally, the first connecting rod 12-3 and the second connecting rod 9-2 are square in cross section, have a length of 20 cm-50 cm, and a side length of the square is 4 cm-8 cm. The guide rod 11 has a square cross section and a length of 50cm to 100cm, and is provided with a length adjuster 11-1, which can adjust the length of the guide rod 11 according to the experimental needs, and then adjust the verticality of the high-speed camera, the laser and the pyramid in the inner drum. high.

In the part of the power device 7, the coil 7-2 is wound on the metal base 7-1, and the 220V AC power is connected to the converter 7-4. The converter 7-4 is used to convert alternating current to direct current. The rotor 7-3 is a cylinder made of stainless steel with a smooth surface, the end face is the same as the end face of the inner drum 6, the diameter is about 50cm-70cm, and the height is 2 to 3 times the diameter. The inner drum 6 is connected, and the lower end is a free surface. After the power is turned on, under the action of electromagnetic induction, the rotor 7-3 rotates around the center of the circle, thereby driving the inner drum holder 6-1 and the inner drum 6 to rotate synchronously.

In this specific embodiment, the principle of electromagnetic induction is used to drive the inner drum to rotate, thereby driving the water flow between the outer water tank and the inner drum, so as to provide a lasting and stable test material placed on the scouring plate on the inner wall of the outer water tank. erosion. In addition, the flow state of the water flow is recorded by lasers, pyramids, underwater tracer particles and high-speed cameras, so that the influence of the water body flow state on the material erosion effect can be analyzed through image processing. The features of this scheme are: 1. Erosion is generated by the self-rotation of the inner drum, and the erosive force is lasting and stable, which is suitable for long-term tests, and the device does not need to provide a water circulation system, which is more energy-saving; 2. The electromagnetic force generated by the power device drives the rotation of the inner drum in the water tank, which can effectively avoid the waterproof problem of underwater live equipment and the sealing problem of the pipeline of the outer water tank; 3. Adjust the rotation speed of the inner drum, which is a fluid state maintenance layer Through the particle image velocimetry technology, the experimental variables can be controlled more conveniently, and the microscopic flow regime can be tracked and recorded, thus providing a data basis for theoretical analysis. The velocity field can be recorded to record the micro flow state more effectively; 5. The fan blade is installed on the surface of the inner drum through the interface, which can generate the turbulent flow state, which can be compared with the laminar flow test.

Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the present invention also provides an experimental method for the three-dimensional effect of underwater material scouring, as shown in FIG. 3 , which specifically includes the following steps:

Step 301, injecting the fluid containing the tracer particles into the outer water tank;

Step 302, the device is powered on, so that the power device in the base generates an electromagnetic field and drives the inner drum to rotate, and the inner drum drives the fluid to rotate and wash the underwater material on the bearing member;

Step 303, using the first imaging member connected to the support member through the guide rod and the second imaging member disposed in the inner drum in the monitoring assembly to irradiate the fluid, so that the tracer particles in the irradiated fluid are irradiated produce visual changes;

Step 304, using the first capture member connected to the support member through the guide rod in the monitoring assembly and the second capture member disposed in the inner drum to capture the visual change of the tracer particles and the image of the underwater material , and transmit the image to the remote display device for display.

In a specific application scenario, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 , the base 2 and its internal power unit 7 are assembled, and the outer water tank 1 , the inner drum holder 6 - 1 and the inner drum 6 are installed.

Fix the test material to be tested on the scouring plate 5-1, select 2 scouring plates 5-1 according to the test requirements, and fix the scouring plate 5-1 on the required test by adjusting the length of the connecting rope 5-2. Location.

The fixed bracket part of the monitoring assembly 3 is installed, including a balance rod 8-1, a balance base 8-2, a support member 8, and a guide rod 11. First, the second laser 13-1 and the second pyramid 13-2 inside the inner drum 6 are fixed on the guide rod 11 through the first bearing base 13-3, and the second high-speed camera 10-1 is passed through the second The carrying base 10-2 is fixed on the guide rod 11; the length of the guide rod 11 is adjusted by the length adjuster 11-1, so as to adjust the vertical height of the first carrying base 13-3 and the second carrying base 10-2, thereby making the first carrying base 13-3 and the second carrying base 10-2. The light range 17 of the two lasers 13-1 and the second pyramid 13-2 covers the entire scouring plate 5-1, so that the shooting range 19 of the second high-speed camera 10-1 can cover the research area of the experiment. At the same time, install the first high-speed camera 9-1 on the second connecting rod 9-2, and adjust its shooting range 18 by adjusting the focal length, and then install the first laser 12-1 and the first laser 12-1 on the first connecting rod 12-3. A pyramid 12-2.

Inject water into the outer water tank 1 to at least 10cm above the upper boundary of the scouring plate 5-1, so as to reduce the influence of the water surface fluctuation on the experimental effect, and add tracer particles with the same density as water underwater. According to the camera lens, The diameter of the tracer particles can be 5um to 20um.

The power device 7 is connected to the power supply, and the output current and voltage of the converter 7-4 are adjusted to adjust the magnetic field intensity generated by the metal base 7-1 and the coil 7-2, thereby adjusting the rotation speed of the rotor 7-3, and Finally, the erosion intensity of water on the scouring plate 5-1 is controlled, as shown in FIG. 4 , which is a schematic diagram of the effect of the theoretical fluid velocity field.

Turn on all high-speed cameras, set the shooting frequency and the number of pixels per second, and record the image data on the remote display device 14 in real time. Set the shooting time according to the needs, and perform image processing after the test.

The methods in the foregoing embodiments are used to apply the corresponding apparatuses in the foregoing embodiments, and have the beneficial effects of the corresponding apparatus embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

Those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is only exemplary, and is not intended to imply that the scope of the present disclosure (including the claims) is limited to these examples; under the spirit of the present invention, the above embodiments or There may also be combinations between technical features in different embodiments, steps may be carried out in any order, and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the invention as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity.

Embodiments of the present invention are intended to cover all such alternatives, modifications and variations that fall within the broad scope of the appended claims. Therefore, any omission, modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides an underwater material erodees three-dimensional effect experimental apparatus which characterized in that, the device includes: the device comprises an outer water tank, a base connected with the bottom of the outer water tank and a monitoring assembly arranged above the top of the outer water tank;

the outer water tank is used for bearing a fluid containing tracer particles, the wall of the outer water tank is provided with at least one bearing member, the bearing member can be partially or completely immersed in the fluid, and an inner rotary drum is arranged in the outer water tank;

a power device is arranged in the base and is in transmission connection with the inner rotary drum;

the monitoring assembly includes a support member, at least one first capturing member and at least one first visualization member suspended from the support member, at least one second capturing member and at least one second visualization member disposed within the inner drum, the second capturing member and the second visualization member being connected to the support member by a guide rod.

2. The device of claim 1, wherein the carrier member comprises a flushing plate, a connecting cord and a connecting ring, the connecting cord connecting the flushing plate and the connecting ring, the flushing plate being partially or completely immersed in the fluid, the flushing plate being suspended from the support member by the connecting ring.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the outer tank is a cylindrical tank; the inner rotary drum is cylindrical and is arranged at the central position of the outer water tank; the inner rotary drum is in transmission connection with the power device through an inner rotary drum fixer, and the inner rotary drum is in sealing fixed connection with the inner rotary drum fixer.

4. The device of claim 1, wherein the power device comprises a metal base, a coil tightly wound on the metal base, and a rotor disposed in the metal base, wherein the coil is connected with an external power grid through a converter, and the rotor is in transmission connection with the inner rotary drum.

5. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first visualization means comprises a first laser, a first pyramid and a first connecting rod, one end of the first connecting rod is fixedly connected with the supporting means, the first laser and the first pyramid are fixedly connected with the first connecting rod, the first laser irradiates the fluid between the bearing means and the inner drum vertically, and the first pyramid is disposed on an irradiation path of the first laser;

the second imaging component comprises a first bearing base, a second laser and a second pyramid, the second laser and the second pyramid are arranged on the first bearing base, the second laser horizontally irradiates the part of the bearing component immersed in the fluid, the second pyramid is arranged on the irradiation path of the second laser, and the first bearing base is fixedly connected with the guide rod.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first capturing means comprises a first high speed camera and a second connecting rod, one end of the second connecting rod being fixedly connected to the supporting means, the first high speed camera being adjustably connected to the other end of the second connecting rod;

the second capturing component comprises a second bearing base and a second high-speed camera arranged on the second bearing base, and the second bearing base is fixedly connected with the guide rod.

7. The device of claim 1, further comprising a fan blade, wherein the inner drum has an interface disposed on a wall thereof, and the fan blade is detachably disposed on the wall via the interface.

8. The device of claim 1, wherein the guide bar is provided with a length adjuster that allows the guide bar to be length-adjusted.

9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the support member is connected to a balancing base by a balancing bar; the water tank is detachably connected with the wall of the outer water tank through at least one auxiliary rod and a contact piece arranged at one end of the auxiliary rod.

10. An experimental method for three-dimensional effect of underwater material scouring using the device of any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising:

injecting a fluid containing tracer particles into the outer water tank;

the device is powered on, so that a power device in the base generates an electromagnetic field and drives an inner rotary drum to rotate, and the inner rotary drum drives the fluid to rotate to scour the underwater materials on the bearing member;

irradiating a fluid by using a first imaging component connected with a supporting component through a guide rod in a monitoring assembly and a second imaging component arranged in the inner rotary drum, so as to enable tracer particles irradiated in the fluid to generate visual change;

and capturing the visual change of the tracer particles and the image of the underwater material by utilizing a first capturing component connected with a supporting component through a guide rod in the monitoring assembly and a second capturing component arranged in the inner rotary drum, and transmitting the image to a remote display device for displaying.

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