CN110617281A - Electromagnetic power-off brake - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of machinery and relates to an electromagnetic power loss brake. It includes an iron core, an armature and a fixed plate are arranged on the iron core, a brake disc is arranged between the armature and the fixed plate, at least three guide sleeves are arranged on the fixed plate, one end of the guide sleeve is connected with the fixed plate Abutment, the other end of the guide sleeve is abutted against the iron core, the first friction plate is fixed on the end surface of the armature adjacent to the brake disc, and the second friction plate is fixed on the end surface of the fixed plate adjacent to the brake disc or fixed on the end surface of the brake disc adjacent to the fixed plate. Compared with the prior art, the electromagnetic power loss brake has the following advantages: good braking effect, no failure, long service life, and can be applied to occasions requiring precise control.

Description

Electromagnetic power-off brake

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of machinery and relates to an electromagnetic power loss brake.

Background technique

Electromagnetic power-off brake is composed of iron core, spring, armature, friction plate, brake disc, transmission coupling device and other components, and is mainly used for braking of various motors. The iron core of the electromagnetic power-off brake generates a magnetic field after the winding is powered on, and the armature is sucked back. At this time, the armature compresses the spring fixed in the iron core, and the motor shaft connected to the brake disc through the coupling device is in a free rotation; when the iron After the core is de-energized, the magnetic field of the iron core disappears and thus loses the suction force on the armature. The spring will eject the armature, and the armature and the brake disc will be pressed against each other, and the brake disc will be limited by the braking torque generated by the friction plate on the brake disc. Rotation, and then play a braking role on the motor shaft connected with the brake disc, to prevent the rotation of the motor rotor.

In the existing electromagnetic de-energized brake, the friction plate is fixedly connected with the brake disc. When the power is lost, the brake disc is stopped by the friction force between the armature and the friction plate. Since the armature must use The armature is generally made of low-carbon steel or pure iron, but the wear resistance of low-carbon steel or pure iron is poor, and the thermal deformation is large. Therefore, the armature is easily worn, resulting in electromagnetic loss. The braking effect of the electric brake is poor or even invalid, and the service life of the electromagnetic de-energized brake is short. For some occasions that require precise control, the above-mentioned electromagnetic de-energized brake cannot be used at all.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems in the existing technology, and provide an electromagnetic power-off brake with good braking effect, no failure, long service life, and applicable to occasions requiring precise control.

The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

An electromagnetic power loss brake, comprising an iron core, an armature and a fixed plate are arranged on the iron core, a brake disc is arranged between the armature and the fixed plate, and at least three guide sleeves are arranged on the fixed plate, One end of the guide sleeve abuts against the fixed plate, the other end of the guide sleeve abuts against the iron core, the first friction plate is fixed on the end surface of the armature adjacent to the brake disc, and the second friction plate is fixed on the adjacent fixed plate On the end face of the brake disc or fixed on the end face of the brake disc adjacent to the fixing plate.

Working principle: In the present invention, the friction plate is fixed on the armature, thereby avoiding the friction between the friction plate and the armature, so the brake disc can be made of a material with good wear resistance, small thermal deformation, and non-magnetic conductivity. Such as stainless steel, high manganese steel, ceramics, carbon fiber and other materials, stainless steel such as 201 stainless steel, 202 stainless steel, 301 stainless steel, 304 stainless steel, 4 series stainless steel, etc., so that the braking performance and service life of the present invention can be greatly improved, and the electromagnetic failure can be ensured. The effectiveness of electric brake braking enables the present invention to be applied to applications requiring precise control, such as robots.

Preferably, the second friction plate is fixed on the end surface of the fixing plate adjacent to the brake disc. Wherein, setting the second friction plate on the fixed plate can simplify the structure of the brake disc and facilitate the processing and manufacture of the brake disc.

Preferably, the first friction plate and/or the second friction plate are assembled into a ring structure by intervals of several arc-shaped friction plates. Among them, the use of several arc-shaped friction plates to form a ring shape can reduce the difficulty of manufacturing the entire friction plate on the one hand, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost; on the other hand, it can change the vibration frequency of the brake, thereby reducing the noise of the brake.

Preferably, the surface of the first friction plate and/or the second friction plate is provided with several grooves. Wherein, providing grooves on the surface of the first friction plate and/or the second friction plate can also change the vibration frequency of the brake, thereby reducing the noise of the brake. Wherein, the slots may be in a central dispersed structure, may also be in a cross-hatched structure, or may be in other forms of slot structures.

Preferably, the center of the brake disc is provided with a central hole for transmission connection, and several through holes are distributed on the disc surface between the central hole and the outer circle of the brake disc. Setting through holes on the disc surface of the brake disc can reduce the weight of the brake disc on the one hand, thereby reducing the starting inertia of the brake disc to the motor, on the other hand, it can also enhance the heat dissipation performance of the brake disc and improve the electromagnetic power failure brake. braking performance.

Preferably, the center of the brake disc is provided with a central hole for transmission connection, at least one keyway is formed in the center hole, and an elastic sheet is provided on the brake disc, and the elastic sheet includes a The elastic sheet substrate and the blocking piece that is folded from the elastic sheet substrate to the keyway in the center hole of the brake disc and formed on the side walls of the keyway, when the blocking sheet is in a free state, it is formed between the sidewall of the keyway There is an angle of inclination. Wherein, when the stopper is in a free state, an inclined angle is formed between the sidewall of the keyway and the sidewall of the keyway, so that a gap is formed between the stopper and the sidewall of the keyway. When the brake disc is connected to the motor rotor, the mating part of the motor rotor is compressed. The baffle, thereby eliminating the matching gap between the matching part of the motor rotor and the keyway, the baffle forms an elastic buffer between the matching part of the brake disc and the motor rotor, thereby eliminating the gap between the matching part of the motor rotor and the brake during the operation of the motor. The noise caused by the impact between the discs reduces the running noise of the motor.

Preferably, the included angle of inclination is 1-10 degrees. Controlling the included angle of inclination between 1-10 degrees can not only ensure the elastic buffer between the brake disc and the motor rotor, but also ensure the convenient assembly between the brake disc and the motor rotor.

Preferably, the center of the brake disc is provided with a central hole for transmission connection, at least one keyway is formed in the center hole, and an elastic sheet is provided on the brake disc, and the elastic sheet includes a The elastic sheet substrate and the retaining sheet folded from the elastic sheet substrate to the keyway in the center hole of the brake disc and formed beside the two side walls of the keyway, the retaining sheet is in a curved shape when it is in a free state, so that the retaining sheet When in a free state, an elastic gap is formed between the blocking piece and the side wall of the keyway. When the brake disc is connected with the motor rotor, the mating part of the motor rotor compresses the baffle, thus eliminating the fit gap between the motor rotor mating part and the keyway, and the baffle is formed between the brake disc and the motor rotor mating part Elastic cushioning, so as to eliminate the noise caused by the impact between the matching part of the motor rotor and the brake disc during the operation of the motor, and reduce the running noise of the motor.

Preferably, the end surface of the first friction plate is a plane, the end surface of the brake disc is a plane, and the end surface of the brake disc can be attached to the end surface of the corresponding first friction plate, and the ring of the first friction plate The width is smaller than the ring width of the brake disc. The setting of this structure makes the setting of the first friction plate more convenient, and the setting of the end face of the first friction plate and the end face of the brake disc can increase the contact area between the first friction plate and the brake disc. The setting of the ring width of the friction plate makes the installation of the whole brake more convenient without affecting the braking effect of the brake. The armature is provided with notches which are the same number as the guide sleeves and which are arranged in one-to-one correspondence. The notches are arranged outwards, and the guide sleeves can be passed through the corresponding notches. The setting of this structure makes the frictional force between the guide sleeve and the armature less when the armature moves towards the iron core or away from the iron core, which also facilitates the installation of the guide sleeve and further improves the braking effect of the brake. The guide sleeve is fixed between the fixing plate and the iron core by screws. On the one hand, this structure can reliably fix the guide sleeve, the fixed plate and the iron core together, ensuring that the relative position between the fixed plate and the iron core remains unchanged, thereby ensuring that the armature moves in a stable space, ensuring Reliable performance of electromagnetic brake.

Preferably, the iron core is provided with a mounting groove and a sinking groove, the sinking groove is located on a side away from the axis line of the iron core, the mounting groove is located on a side close to the axis line of the iron core, and the mounting groove A coil is arranged inside, a spring is arranged inside the sinker, and one end of the spring abuts against the armature.

The setting of this structure makes the spring can quickly push the armature to the friction plate on the armature and the brake disc after the iron core is de-energized, so that the structure of the whole brake is more stable, and the braking performance of the brake is further improved. motion effect.

Preferably, the brake disc is made of stainless steel or high manganese steel or ceramic or carbon fiber. The aforementioned materials have the characteristics of wear resistance, heat resistance and non-magnetic conductivity, which can meet the requirements of the brake disc.

Compared with the prior art, the electromagnetic power loss brake has the following advantages: good braking effect, no failure, long service life, and can be applied to occasions requiring precise control.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the electromagnetic power loss brake.

Fig. 2 is a top view of the electromagnetic power loss brake.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view along A-A in Fig. 2 .

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the brake disc in the electromagnetic power-loss brake.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the elastic sheet of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a C-C sectional view of Fig. 4 .

Fig. 7 is an enlarged view of the I place of Fig. 6 .

Fig. 8 is another structural schematic diagram of the electromagnetic power loss brake.

Fig. 9 is a structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 3 of the electromagnetic power loss brake

In the figure, 1. iron core; 11. installation slot; 12. spring; 2. armature; 21. notch; 3. fixing plate; 31. screw; 32. guide sleeve; 4. brake disc; 41. elastic sheet 42, blocking plate; 43, spline groove; 51, first friction plate; 52, second friction plate; 6, rotor; 61, spline; 411, elastic sheet substrate; 412, blocking plate.

Detailed ways

The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the technical solutions of the present invention are further described, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

Example 1:

As shown in FIG. 1 , the electromagnetic power loss brake includes an iron core 1 on which an armature 2 and a fixing plate 3 are arranged.

As shown in Figure 1-3, a brake disc 4 made of stainless steel is provided between the armature 2 and the fixed plate 3, and three guide sleeves 32 are provided between the fixed plate 3 and the iron core 1, and one end of the guide sleeve 32 is connected to the fixed The other end of the guide sleeve abuts against the iron core, the guide sleeve 32 defines the height between the fixed plate 3 and the iron core 1, the screw 31 passes through the fixed plate 3 and the guide sleeve 32 is threaded with the iron core 1 so that The fixing plate 3, the iron core 1 and the guide sleeve 32 are fixed together. A brake disc 4 is provided between the armature 2 and the fixed plate 3, a first friction plate 51 is fixed on the end surface of the armature adjacent to the brake disc, and a second friction plate 52 is fixed on the fixed plate 3 adjacent to the brake disc. on the end face of disk 4.

The center of the brake disc 4 is provided with a central hole for transmission connection, and a spline groove 43 is formed in the center hole, and an elastic sheet 41 is arranged on the brake disc 4. As shown in Figure 5, the elastic sheet 41 includes a The elastic sheet substrate 411 that is in contact with the end surface of 4 is folded from the elastic sheet substrate 411 into the keyway of the center hole of the brake disc and forms a stopper 412 next to the two side walls of the keyway, as shown in Figures 6 and 7, When the blocking plate 412 is in a free state, an angle B is formed between the side wall of the spline groove 43 of the brake disc 4 and the angle B is 4.5 degrees.

As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the end face of the first friction plate 51 is a plane, the end face of the brake disc 4 is a plane, and the end face of the brake disc 4 is in contact with the corresponding first friction plate 51. The end surfaces can fit together, and the ring width of the first friction plate 51 is smaller than the ring width of the brake disc 4 . The armature 2 is provided with notches 21 having the same number as the guide sleeves 32 and correspondingly arranged one by one. The notches 21 are arranged outwardly, and the guide sleeves 32 can pass through the corresponding notches 21 . The iron core 1 is provided with a mounting groove 11 and a sinking groove 13, the sinking groove 13 is located on the side away from the axis line of the iron core 1, the mounting groove 11 is located on the side close to the axis line of the iron core 1, and the mounting groove 11 is provided with The coil 12 and the sinker 13 are provided with a spring 14 , and one end of the spring 14 abuts against the armature 2 .

Working principle: In the present invention, the friction plate is fixed on the armature, thereby avoiding the friction between the friction plate and the armature, so the brake disc can be made of stainless steel material with good wear resistance, small thermal deformation, and non-magnetic conductivity. Such as 201 stainless steel, 202 stainless steel, 301 stainless steel, 304 stainless steel, 4 series stainless steel, etc., which can greatly improve the braking performance and service life of the present invention, ensure the effectiveness of electromagnetic power-off brake braking, and make the present invention applicable For applications requiring precise control such as robots.

When the baffle is in a free state, an inclined angle is formed between the sidewall of the keyway and the sidewall of the keyway so that a gap is formed between the baffle and the sidewall of the keyway, as shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3, when the brake disc 4 and the sidewall of the keyway When the spline 61 on the motor rotor 6 is connected, the spline 61 of the motor rotor 6 compresses the blocking plate 412, and the blocking plate 412 forms an elastic buffer between the matching parts of the brake disc 4 and the motor rotor 6, thereby eliminating the motor The noise generated by the impact between the rotor matching part and the brake disc reduces the running noise of the motor.

Example 2:

As shown in Figure 8, the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that on the disc surface between the center hole of the brake disc 4 and the outer circle of the brake disc, there are evenly distributed circumferentially with the center of the brake disc as the center. 8 through holes 44 . A first friction plate 51 is fixed on the end surface of the armature 2 adjacent to the brake disc 4, and a second friction plate 52 is fixed on the end surface of the fixed plate 3 adjacent to the brake disc 4. The first friction plate 51 and the second friction plate The two friction plates 52 are respectively assembled into a ring structure by 3 sections of arc-shaped friction plates at intervals. All the other structures are with embodiment 1.

Example 3:

As shown in Figure 9, the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the first friction plate 51 is fixed on the end surface of the armature 2 adjacent to the brake disc 4, and the second friction plate 52 is fixed on the brake disc 4. Adjacent to the end face of the fixed plate 3 , the first friction plate 51 and the second friction plate 52 are assembled into a ring structure by three segments of arc-shaped friction plates at intervals. All the other structures are with embodiment 1.

Embodiment 4: The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that: the surface of the first friction plate and/or the second friction plate is provided with a plurality of grooves. Wherein, the slots form a center-dispersed structure or a cross-hatched structure. All the other structures are with embodiment 1.

The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs can make various modifications or supplements to the described specific embodiments or adopt similar methods to replace them, but they will not deviate from the spirit of the present invention or go beyond the definition of the appended claims range.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides an electromagnetism loses electric brake, includes the iron core, its characterized in that: be equipped with armature and fixed plate on the iron core, be equipped with the brake disc between armature and the fixed plate, be equipped with at least three uide bushing on the fixed plate, uide bushing one end is supported with the fixed plate and is leaned on, and the uide bushing other end supports with the iron core and leans on, first friction disc has set firmly on the terminal surface that armature and brake disc are adjacent, and the second friction disc sets firmly on the terminal surface that the fixed plate is adjacent to the brake disc or sets firmly on the terminal surface that the brake disc is adjacent to.

2. The electromagnetic power-off brake as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first friction plate and/or the second friction plate is an annular structure formed by a plurality of arc-shaped friction plates which are spliced at intervals.

3. An electromagnetic power-off brake as defined in claim 1, wherein the first friction plate and/or the second friction plate has a plurality of slots on its surface.

4. The electromagnetic power-off brake as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the center of the brake disc is provided with a center hole for transmission connection, and a plurality of through holes are distributed on the disc surface between the center hole and the outer circle of the brake disc.

5. The electromagnetic power-off brake as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the center of the brake disc is provided with a center hole for transmission connection, at least one key groove is formed in the center hole, the brake disc is provided with an elastic sheet, the elastic sheet comprises an elastic sheet substrate contacting with the end face of the brake disc and blocking sheets turned inwards from the elastic sheet substrate to the key groove of the center hole of the brake disc and formed beside the two side walls of the key groove, and an inclined included angle is formed between the blocking sheets and the side walls of the key groove when the blocking sheets are in a free state.

6. An electromagnetic power-off brake according to claim 5, wherein said included angle of inclination is 1-10 degrees.

7. The electromagnetic power-off brake as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the brake disc has a central hole for transmission connection, at least one key groove is formed in the central hole, the brake disc is provided with an elastic piece, the elastic piece comprises an elastic piece substrate contacting with the end face of the brake disc and a blocking piece turned inwards from the elastic piece substrate to the key groove of the central hole of the brake disc and formed beside the two side walls of the key groove, and the blocking piece is in a curved shape when in a free state, so that an elastic gap is formed between the blocking piece and the side walls of the key groove when in the free state.

8. The electromagnetic power-off brake as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the end surface of the first friction plate is a plane, the end surface of the brake disc can be attached to the end surface of the corresponding first friction plate, and the ring width of the first friction plate is smaller than that of the brake disc; notches which are the same as the guide sleeves in number and are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence mode are formed in the armature, the notches are arranged outwards, and the guide sleeves can be arranged in the corresponding notches in a penetrating mode; the guide sleeve is fixed between the fixing plate and the iron core through a screw.

9. The electromagnetic power-off brake as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the iron core is provided with a mounting groove and a sinking groove, the sinking groove is located at one side far away from the axis of the iron core, the mounting groove is located at one side close to the axis of the iron core, a coil is arranged in the mounting groove, a spring is arranged in the sinking groove, and one end of the spring abuts against the armature.

10. The electromagnetic power-off brake as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the brake disc is made of stainless steel or high manganese steel or ceramic or carbon fibre.