CN110604030A - Seedling transplanting method - Google Patents
Seedling transplanting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110604030A CN110604030A CN201910689347.4A CN201910689347A CN110604030A CN 110604030 A CN110604030 A CN 110604030A CN 201910689347 A CN201910689347 A CN 201910689347A CN 110604030 A CN110604030 A CN 110604030A
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- soil
- nursery stock
- planting
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- trimming
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G23/00—Forestry
- A01G23/02—Transplanting, uprooting, felling or delimbing trees
- A01G23/04—Transplanting trees; Devices for grasping the root ball, e.g. stump forceps; Wrappings or packages for transporting trees
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Transplanting Machines (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a nursery stock transplanting method, which comprises the following steps: selecting nursery stock, namely selecting transplanted trees or temporary planted nursery stock; trimming and shaping, trimming the leaves after pruning dead branches and insect-infected branches; lifting seedlings, and pruning root systems according to the size of soil balls; transporting, namely wrapping the soil balls and the tree trunks by linen or ropes; planting, namely planting the nursery stock vertically to the ground; supporting and fixing; and (4) maintenance, namely performing corresponding watering, fertilizing, trimming and shaping and disease and pest control according to different seasons, and performing acceptance and handover after one year of maintenance. The method for transplanting the nursery stock is used for standardizing each step in the process of transplanting the nursery stock, wherein each step comprises nursery stock selection, trimming and shaping, seedling lifting, transportation, planting, supporting and fixing, maintenance and the like, and each step is correspondingly processed, so that the damage to the nursery stock is reduced to the greatest extent, the water required for planting the nursery stock is ensured, and the survival rate of transplanting the nursery stock is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of seedling transplanting, in particular to a seedling transplanting method.
Background
With the rapid development of urban construction, people's environmental awareness is continuously enhanced, and the requirements for urban greening construction are higher and higher, so that urban greening engineering is more and more important. The scientific method for improving the growth speed and the afforestation quality of the forest is an important target of the novel urban ecological environment construction. A successful afforestation work needs not only gardeners to make sufficient preparation work, but also needs to innovate a afforestation method and a technique so as to achieve the afforestation effect of the urban ecological environment.
In urban afforestation, a scientific transplanting technology is a key for improving the survival rate of seedlings. In the existing greening of many urban tree planting, the transplanting technology, method and tree species habits are not deeply researched, trees are transplanted blindly, the survival rate of transplanted trees is low, and a great amount of manpower and material resources are wasted.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a seedling transplanting method, which improves the survival rate of seedling transplanting.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a seedling transplanting method comprises the following steps,
a. selecting nursery stocks: selecting a transplanted tree or a temporary planted seedling;
b. trimming and shaping: trimming leaves after pruning dead branches and insect-disease branches, and cutting off 1/3-1/2 of each leaf of the whole tree for varieties with larger leaves;
c. lifting seedlings: root systems are trimmed according to the size of the soil balls, and the trees planted in the open space are continuously watered before the seedlings are lifted;
d. and (3) transportation: the soil balls and the tree trunks are wrapped by linen or ropes, are not allowed to be peeled off before planting, and are shaded and sheltered from wind in the transportation process;
e. planting: digging a planting hole, filling a layer of base fertilizer on the bottom of the hole, paving a layer of soil on the base fertilizer, wherein the thickness of the soil is more than 5cm, then planting the nursery stock perpendicular to the ground, and watering twice;
f. supporting and fixing;
g. and (5) maintenance: and (4) correspondingly watering, fertilizing, trimming, shaping, preventing and controlling diseases and pests according to different seasons, and carrying out acceptance and transfer after one year of maintenance.
Preferably, the transportation distance is reduced in the step d, the soil ball is subjected to moisture preservation treatment when the transportation distance is longer, and after the soil ball is transported to a specified place, the root of the nursery stock and the soil ball are covered by wet straws.
Preferably, in the step e, before the planting hole is dug, the field is leveled and loosened, sundries exceeding 5cm in the field are picked out and transported out of the field, then a measuring instrument is used for paying off a fixed point, and the lime is used for marking out the planting position.
Preferably, in the step e, when the soil is backfilled, adding turfy soil into the planting soil, mixing the turfy soil and the planting soil according to the proportion of 7: 3, then backfilling the soil layer by layer with every 25-35 cm until the soil is fully filled, and then compacting the soil.
Preferably, the planting holes are enlarged in the step e, soil disinfection is carried out, foreign soil is replaced, and soil of the original growing field of the seedlings is replaced.
Preferably, in the step f, the nursery stock with the diameter at breast height of less than 6cm is supported in an I shape by using bamboo poles with the diameter of more than 4cm, the length of the upper and lower bamboo poles of the support is 150-160 cm, and the nursery stock is exposed out of the ground by 120-130 cm after being supported; the nursery stock with the diameter at breast height of 6-15 cm is supported in a triangular mode by using 3 bamboo poles with the diameter of more than 4cm, and the supporting point is 1.3m of the trunk.
Preferably, the watering in the step g is carried out once every two days in sunny days in winter and spring, and the time is noon; watering once or twice a day in summer and autumn for morning or evening.
Preferably, the fertilizer is applied in the step g once in autumn, and the fertilizer is locally applied once every half month according to the growth vigor of each seedling.
Preferably, in the step g, a plastic film is covered on the nursery stock in winter, the nursery stock is wrapped with a straw rope, and lime water is coated on the nursery stock.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the seedling transplanting method, each step in the seedling transplanting process is standardized, wherein the steps comprise seedling selection, trimming and shaping, seedling lifting, transportation, planting, supporting and fixing, maintenance and the like, and each step is correspondingly processed, so that the damage to the seedlings is reduced to the greatest extent, the water required by seedling planting is ensured, and the survival rate of seedling transplanting is improved.
Detailed Description
The invention relates to a seedling transplanting method, which comprises the following steps:
a. selecting nursery stocks: the tree transplanted in the last two years is selected as far as possible, the new thin roots are concentrated at the position of the original soil ball, the influence on the tree during re-transplantation is small, particularly, the survival rate of the tree planted in the non-suitable season is high, or the temporary-planted nursery stock is adopted, the new roots begin to grow in the original soil ball after the nursery stock is temporarily planted for several months, the movement of the roots is vigorous, and the tree planted in the non-suitable season is easy to survive.
b. Trimming and shaping: on the premise of ensuring the design requirements of the tree crown, trimming the leaves after pruning dead branches and insect-infected branches, and adopting different trimming methods according to different tree species, wherein for the variety with larger leaves, 1/3-1/2 are trimmed from each leaf of the whole tree, so that the area of the leaf is reduced, the water evaporation of the whole tree is reduced, and the survival rate is improved.
c. Lifting seedlings: the soil balls are increased properly, and for the nursery stocks planted in the unsuitable seasons, the soil balls are larger than normal conditions, the larger the soil balls are, the more complete the root systems are, and the survival rate of the transplanted nursery stocks is higher. Pruning the root system according to the size of soil ball, planting the trees in spacious department and constantly watering before lifting seedlings, the soil water content in spacious department is lower, through constantly watering, guarantees that soil ball and nursery stock root fully absorb moisture.
d. And (3) transportation: the soil ball and the trunk are wrapped by linen or ropes to prevent soil moisture from diffusing, the soil ball is not allowed to be peeled off before planting, and the soil ball and the trunk are shielded from light and wind in the transportation process.
e. Planting: digging a planting hole, filling a layer of base fertilizer on the bottom of the hole, and paving a layer of soil on the base fertilizer, wherein the thickness of the soil is more than 5cm, so that the direct contact between the seedling root system and the base fertilizer is avoided, and the soil can provide nutrients for the root system after decomposing and absorbing the base fertilizer. Then the nursery stock is planted perpendicular to the ground, the nursery stock is prevented from inclining and falling down, watering is carried out twice, and because the primary planting soil is not completely sunk and more gaps exist in the soil, watering is carried out twice, so that the full absorption of the soil and close contact with a root system can be ensured.
f. Supporting and fixing: the nursery stock is supported by the bamboo poles, so that the nursery stock is prevented from being inclined and falling down due to wind force.
g. And (5) maintenance: the method comprises the following steps of carrying out corresponding watering, fertilizing, pruning and shaping and disease and pest control according to different seasons, wherein the first year is a key period of seedling growth and survival, and the accepting and transferring are carried out after one year of maintenance.
According to the seedling transplanting method, each step in the seedling transplanting process is standardized, wherein the steps comprise seedling selection, trimming and shaping, seedling lifting, transportation, planting, supporting and fixing, maintenance and the like, and each step is correspondingly processed, so that the damage to the seedlings is reduced to the greatest extent, the moisture and the nutrient needed by seedling planting are ensured, and the survival rate of seedling transplanting is improved.
Preferably, in the step d, the transportation distance is reduced as much as possible, the soil balls are subjected to moisture preservation treatment when the transportation distance is long, the folding loss of branches and leaves and the water loss in the plant transportation process are reduced, and after the plants are transported to a specified place, if the plants are not planted immediately, the seedling roots and the soil balls need to be covered by wet straws, so that the water loss is reduced.
Preferably, in the step e, before the planting holes are dug, the field is leveled and loosened, sundries exceeding 5cm are picked out and transported out of the field, then measuring instruments are used for paying off fixed points, lime is used for marking out the planting positions, planting is standardized, and the planting area is utilized to the maximum extent.
Preferably, in the step e, when the soil is backfilled, adding turfy soil into the planting soil, mixing the turfy soil and the planting soil according to the proportion of 7: 3, then backfilling the soil layer by layer with every 25-35 cm until the soil is fully filled, and then compacting the soil. And a proper amount of turfy soil is mixed, the turfy soil is humus soil which contains more water, incompletely decomposed plant residues, microorganisms and the like, has strong fertility and is beneficial to the growth of nursery stocks.
Preferably, in step e, the planting hole is enlarged as much as possible, soil is disinfected if necessary, and the soil of the original growing place of the seedling is replaced by the foreign soil. The soil is the foundation of plant growth, but not all soils are suitable for the growth of plants, different soil types, different soil textures, different soil acid-base degrees and the like can become growth limiting factors of some plants, the soil is sampled and detected before planting, if the soil planted is not suitable for the growth of seedlings, the soil of the original growing area of the seedlings is replaced, and the survival rate of the seedlings is improved.
Preferably, in the step f, different support forms are adopted for the nursery stocks with different sizes so as to ensure firm and attractive support and fixation: the nursery stock with the diameter at breast height of less than 6cm is supported in a H shape by adopting bamboo poles with the diameter of more than 4cm, the length of the upper and lower supported bamboo poles is 150-160 cm, and the nursery stock is exposed out of the ground by 120-130 cm after being supported; 3 nursery stocks with the diameter at breast height of 6-15 cm are supported in a triangular mode by using bamboo poles with the diameter of more than 4cm, and the supporting points are located at 1.3m of a trunk; the adopted support of the nursery stock with the diameter at breast height of more than 15cm is determined according to specific conditions, and the nursery stock with the diameter at breast height of more than 15cm is required to be drawn in order.
And step g, correspondingly watering, fertilizing, trimming and shaping and controlling diseases and pests according to different seasons: watering once every two days in sunny days in winter and spring, wherein the time is probably noon, and watering once or twice every day in summer and autumn, wherein the time is morning or evening, so as to ensure that the seedlings have sufficient water for supplement; applying fertilizer once in autumn, and locally applying fertilizer once every half month according to the growth vigor of each seedling to ensure that the seedlings have sufficient nutrients; when the temperature is lower in winter, performing heat preservation treatment, covering a plastic film on the nursery stock, wrapping the nursery stock with a straw rope, and coating lime water; pruning the nursery stock for different times according to different seasons and different varieties, such as multiple times of shrubs and rough trees in spring and autumn, one time of trees in winter, and pruning hedgerow, shaping tree and ground cover once every 15 days; in addition, for the prevention and control of diseases and pests, the pesticide is applied once every half month in spring, summer and autumn, and the garden is cleared in winter; weed removal was performed daily and was found to be immediate. A strict schedule is then made according to the specific job, for example: 8: 30 watering and fertilizing, 10: 00-11: 30 weeding, shaping, cleaning, 11: 30-12: 00 patrol, 14: 30-16: 00 killing insects and keeping clean; 16: 00-17: 30 watering and fertilizing; 17: 30-18: 00 patrol.
The features of the embodiments and embodiments described herein above may be combined with each other without conflict.
The invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make equivalent modifications or substitutions without departing from the spirit of the invention, and such equivalent modifications or substitutions are included in the scope defined by the claims of the present application.
Claims (9)
1. A seedling transplanting method is characterized by comprising the following steps,
a. selecting nursery stocks: selecting a transplanted tree or a temporary planted seedling;
b. trimming and shaping: trimming leaves after pruning dead branches and insect-disease branches, and cutting off 1/3-1/2 of each leaf of the whole tree for varieties with larger leaves;
c. lifting seedlings: root systems are trimmed according to the size of the soil balls, and the trees planted in the open space are continuously watered before the seedlings are lifted;
d. and (3) transportation: the soil balls and the tree trunks are wrapped by linen or ropes, are not allowed to be peeled off before planting, and are shaded and sheltered from wind in the transportation process;
e. planting: digging a planting hole, filling a layer of base fertilizer on the bottom of the hole, paving a layer of soil on the base fertilizer, wherein the thickness of the soil is more than 5cm, then planting the nursery stock perpendicular to the ground, and watering twice;
f. supporting and fixing;
g. and (5) maintenance: and (4) correspondingly watering, fertilizing, trimming, shaping, preventing and controlling diseases and pests according to different seasons, and carrying out acceptance and transfer after one year of maintenance.
2. The seedling transplanting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: and d, reducing the transportation distance in the step d, carrying out moisture preservation treatment on the soil balls during long-distance transportation, and covering the roots of the nursery stocks and the soil balls by using wet straws after the soil balls are transported to a specified place.
3. The seedling transplanting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: and e, before digging the planting holes, leveling and loosening the field, picking out impurities exceeding 5cm, carrying out clearing and delivering out of the field, then paying off and fixing the points by using a measuring instrument, and marking out the planting positions by using lime.
4. The seedling transplanting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: and e, when backfilling soil, adding turfy soil into the planting soil, mixing the turfy soil and the planting soil according to the proportion of 7: 3, backfilling the soil layer by layer at a distance of 25-35 cm until the soil is filled, and compacting the soil.
5. The seedling transplanting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: and e, enlarging the planting holes, disinfecting the soil, replacing the foreign soil, and replacing the soil of the original growing land of the seedlings.
6. The seedling transplanting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step f, the nursery stock with the diameter at breast height of less than 6cm is supported in an I shape by using bamboo poles with the diameter of more than 4cm, the length of the upper bamboo pole and the lower bamboo pole of the support is 150-160 cm, and the nursery stock is exposed out of the ground by 120-130 cm after being supported; the nursery stock with the diameter at breast height of 6-15 cm is supported in a triangular mode by using 3 bamboo poles with the diameter of more than 4cm, and the supporting point is 1.3m of the trunk.
7. The seedling transplanting method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: watering in the step g, wherein the watering is carried out every two days in sunny days in winter and spring, and the time is noon; watering once or twice a day in summer and autumn for morning or evening.
8. The seedling transplanting method according to claim 7, characterized in that: and g, fertilizing in autumn, and locally applying fertilizers once every half month according to the growth vigor of each seedling.
9. The seedling transplanting method according to claim 8, characterized in that: and g, covering a plastic film on the nursery stock in winter, wrapping the nursery stock with a straw rope, and coating lime water.
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| CN201910689347.4A CN110604030A (en) | 2019-07-29 | 2019-07-29 | Seedling transplanting method |
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| CN201910689347.4A CN110604030A (en) | 2019-07-29 | 2019-07-29 | Seedling transplanting method |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111670744A (en) * | 2020-06-13 | 2020-09-18 | 北京第五季生态科技股份有限公司 | Method for cultivating lemons in suburb facilities |
| CN112005837A (en) * | 2020-09-14 | 2020-12-01 | 山东华夏高科农业科技发展有限公司 | Transplanting and watering method for gleditsia sinensis trees |
| CN112119831A (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2020-12-25 | 安徽未来园林绿化有限公司 | A kind of liquidambar planting method |
| CN112840933A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-05-28 | 江苏富邦环境建设集团有限公司 | Planting method for increasing survival rate of plants |
| CN113016559A (en) * | 2021-04-19 | 2021-06-25 | 厦门雅众建设集团有限公司 | Transplanting method for landscaping trees |
| CN113796257A (en) * | 2021-10-18 | 2021-12-17 | 永州职业技术学院 | Planting method for transplanting large seedlings of Phoebe bournei |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111670744A (en) * | 2020-06-13 | 2020-09-18 | 北京第五季生态科技股份有限公司 | Method for cultivating lemons in suburb facilities |
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| CN112840933A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-05-28 | 江苏富邦环境建设集团有限公司 | Planting method for increasing survival rate of plants |
| CN113016559A (en) * | 2021-04-19 | 2021-06-25 | 厦门雅众建设集团有限公司 | Transplanting method for landscaping trees |
| CN113796257A (en) * | 2021-10-18 | 2021-12-17 | 永州职业技术学院 | Planting method for transplanting large seedlings of Phoebe bournei |
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