CN110601924B - Message sending method and device - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
- H04L43/04—Processing captured monitoring data, e.g. for logfile generation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
- H04L43/06—Generation of reports
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
- H04L43/08—Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters
- H04L43/0876—Network utilisation, e.g. volume of load or congestion level
- H04L43/0894—Packet rate
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
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Abstract
The application provides a message sending method and a device, comprising the following steps: the translator supporting the function of the PostCard PostCard receives an information notification message sent by forwarding equipment not supporting the function of the PostCard; the information notification message carries the sampling message information of the sampling message collected by the forwarding equipment; the sampling message information represents the forwarding state of the sampling message in the forwarding equipment; determining whether the flow state of the message flow to which the sampling message belongs changes or not based on the information of the sampling message; if so, translating the information notification message into a post card notification PostCard Report message, and sending the PostCard Report message to the monitoring equipment. By adopting the method provided by the application, the forwarding equipment which does not support the function of the PostCard can report the collected sampling message information to the monitoring equipment through the PostCard technology.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of computer communications, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for sending a packet.
Background
With the rapid development of data center network technology, the realization of end-to-end message flow monitoring in the whole data center network has important significance for managing the data center network.
The data center network includes: a plurality of forwarding devices and a monitoring device. The monitoring device can obtain the end-to-end message flow forwarded by the multiple forwarding devices by using a telemetering technology, thereby realizing the monitoring of the message flow.
Specifically, the forwarding device may sample a message stream passing through the forwarding device to obtain a sampling message, and send the sampling message information of the sampling message to the monitoring device. The monitoring device can monitor the message flow between end to end based on the sampled message information.
Telemetrology technology includes INT (In-band Network telemetrology) technology and PostCard technology. However, since PostCard technology has appeared later, most forwarding devices now support only INT functionality and not PostCard functionality. Therefore, it is very important how to make forwarding devices that do not support the PostCard function report the collected sample packet information through the PostCard technology.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present application provides a message sending method and apparatus, so that a forwarding device that does not support a PostCard function reports collected sampled message information to a monitoring device through a PostCard technology.
Specifically, the method is realized through the following technical scheme:
according to a first aspect of the present application, a message sending method is provided, where the method is applied to a translator supporting a post card function configured in a data center network; the translator is connected with forwarding equipment and monitoring equipment in the data center network; the forwarding device does not support the PostCard function, and the method comprises the following steps:
receiving an information notification message sent by forwarding equipment; the information notification message carries the sampling message information of the sampling message collected by the forwarding equipment; the sampling message information represents the forwarding state of the sampling message in the forwarding equipment;
determining whether the flow state of the message flow to which the sampling message belongs changes or not based on the information of the sampling message;
if yes, the information notification message is translated into a post card notification PostCard Report message, and the PostCard Report message is sent to the monitoring equipment.
Optionally, the sampling packet information includes: a flow state parameter;
the determining whether the flow state of the packet flow to which the sampling packet belongs changes based on the sampling packet information includes:
reading the flow state parameters contained in the sampling message information;
and if the flow state parameter indicates that the flow state of the message flow to which the sampling message belongs changes, determining that the flow state of the message flow to which the sampling message belongs changes.
Optionally, the information notification packet further includes: sampling a message identifier and the forwarding equipment identifier;
the determining whether the flow state of the packet flow to which the sampling packet belongs changes based on the sampling packet information includes:
using the sampling message identifier and the forwarding device identifier as keywords, and searching a flow table entry corresponding to the keyword in a recorded flow table;
if the flow table entry is found, acquiring the flow table entry; the flow table entry includes: the forwarding equipment acquires the last sampling message information and the flow state reference value which are the same as the sampling message identifier;
determining the flow state parameter of the sampling message based on the sampling message information and the last sampling message information;
and if the error between the determined flow state parameter and the flow state reference value is not within a preset error range, determining that the flow state of the message flow to which the sampling message belongs changes.
Optionally, after determining whether a flow state of a packet flow to which the sample packet belongs changes based on the sample packet information, the method further includes:
determining a new flow state reference value based on the determined flow state parameters and the recorded flow state reference values;
and generating a flow table item based on the new flow state reference value, the sampling message information, the sampling message identification and the forwarding equipment identification, and updating the searched flow table item by adopting the new flow table item.
Optionally, the information notification message is an ERSPAN message for analyzing a port of a remote encapsulation switch.
According to a second aspect of the present application, there is provided a message sending apparatus, where the apparatus is applied to a translator supporting a post card function configured in a data center network; the translator is connected with forwarding equipment and monitoring equipment in the data center network; the forwarding device does not support the PostCard function, and the apparatus comprises:
a receiving unit, configured to receive an information notification message sent by a forwarding device; the information notification message carries the sampling message information of the sampling message collected by the forwarding equipment; the sampling message information represents the forwarding state of the sampling message in the forwarding equipment;
a determining unit, configured to determine whether a flow state of a packet flow to which the sampling packet belongs changes based on the information of the sampling packet;
and the sending unit is used for translating the information notification message into a post card notification PostCard Report message and sending the PostCard Report message to the monitoring equipment if the information notification message is true.
Optionally, the sampling packet information includes: a flow state parameter;
the determining unit is specifically configured to read a flow state parameter included in the sampling packet information when determining whether a flow state of a packet flow to which the sampling packet belongs changes based on the sampling packet information; and if the flow state parameter indicates that the flow state of the message flow to which the sampling message belongs changes, determining that the flow state of the message flow to which the sampling message belongs changes.
Optionally, the information notification packet further includes: sampling a message identifier and the forwarding equipment identifier;
the determining unit is specifically configured to, when determining whether a flow state of a packet flow to which the sampling packet belongs is changed based on the sampling packet information, use the sampling packet identifier and the forwarding device identifier as keywords, and search a flow table entry corresponding to the keyword in a recorded flow table; if the flow table entry is found, acquiring the flow table entry; the flow table entry includes: the forwarding equipment acquires the last sampling message information and the flow state reference value which are the same as the sampling message identifier; determining the flow state parameter of the sampling message based on the sampling message information and the last sampling message information; and if the error between the determined flow state parameter and the flow state reference value is not within a preset error range, determining that the flow state of the message flow to which the sampling message belongs changes.
Optionally, the apparatus further comprises:
an updating unit, configured to determine a new flow state reference value based on the determined flow state parameter and the recorded flow state reference value after determining whether a flow state of a packet flow to which the sampling packet belongs changes based on the sampling packet information; and generating a flow table item based on the new flow state reference value, the sampling message information, the sampling message identification and the forwarding equipment identification, and updating the searched flow table item by adopting the new flow table item.
Optionally, the information notification message is an ERSPAN message for analyzing a port of a remote encapsulation switch.
As can be seen from the above description, on the one hand, the translator can translate the information notification message sent by each forwarding device into a PostCard Report message, and can simulate the reporting mode in which each forwarding device supporting the PostCard function reports its own PostCard Report message to Report the PostCard Report message to the monitoring device, so that the monitoring device can receive the PostCard Report message corresponding to each forwarding device, thereby implementing that the forwarding device not supporting the PostCard function reports the sampling message information to the monitoring device through the PostCard technology.
On the other hand, when most forwarding devices in the data center network do not support the PostCard function, the forwarding devices do not need to be replaced by the forwarding devices supporting the PostCard function, but by adopting the technical scheme of the application, one translator or a small number of translators are configured in the data center network, so that the forwarding devices not supporting the PostCard function can report the collected sampling message information to the monitoring device through the PostCard technology, and the cost can be greatly reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a conventional scheme for implementing monitoring of an end-to-end packet flow by using a PostCard technology, according to the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a data center network shown in an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a message sending method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a message sending method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a block diagram of a message sending apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the present application, as detailed in the appended claims.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used in this application and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
It is to be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used herein to describe various information, such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one type of information from another. For example, first information may also be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information, without departing from the scope of the present application. The word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "at … …" or "when … …" or "in response to a determination", depending on the context.
In a conventional scheme for implementing end-to-end message stream monitoring by using a PostCard technology, a forwarding device with a supported PostCard function needs to be configured between two user terminals, and communication between the two user terminals is implemented through the forwarding device.
In implementation, when one user terminal sends a message to another user terminal, the message may pass through forwarding devices between the two user terminals hop by hop.
The PostCard technology refers to: each forwarding device supporting the PostCard function can collect the message of the message flow passing through the forwarding device as a sampling message, and construct a PostCard Report message based on the sampling message information of the sampling message and Report the PostCard Report message to the monitoring device. The monitoring device may receive PostCard Report messages reported by all forwarding devices through which the messages pass, so as to implement end-to-end message stream monitoring.
For example, referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a conventional scheme for implementing monitoring of an end-to-end packet flow by using a PostCard technology, where the scheme is shown in this application.
In fig. 1, the subscriber host 101 can communicate with the subscriber host 2 through the switches 101 and 102. Wherein switch 101 and switch 102 both support PostCard functionality.
For example, when the subscriber host 101 sends a message 1 to the subscriber host 102, the subscriber host 101 may send the message 1 to the switch 101. The switch 101 may send the message 1 to the switch 102, and the switch 101 may collect the message as a sampling message, construct a PostCard Report message according to the sampling message information of the sampling message, and Report the PostCard Report message to the monitoring device 101.
The switch 102 may send the message 1 to the user host 102, and the switch 102 may collect the message as a sampling message, construct a PostCard Report message according to the sampling message information of the sampling message, and Report the PostCard Report message to the monitoring device 101.
The monitoring device 101 monitors the message flow between the subscriber host 1 and the subscriber host 2 based on the PostCard Report messages reported by the switch 101 and the switch 102.
However, since the advent of PostCard technology, most forwarding devices in most existing data center networks do not support PostCard functionality. Therefore, it is very important how to make forwarding devices that do not support the PostCard function report the collected sample packet information through the PostCard technology.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a data center network according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
The application adds a translator in the existing data center network, and the translator supports the function of PostCard. The translator is connected with each forwarding device in the data center network, and the translator is connected with the monitoring device.
Each forwarding device samples the message flow passing through the device to obtain a sampling message, and sends the sampling message information of the sampling message to the translator. After determining that the message stream to which the sampling message belongs changes, the translator can simulate forwarding equipment supporting a PostCard function, translate the information of the sampling message into a PostCard Report message and send the PostCard Report message to the monitoring equipment. The monitoring device may receive a PostCard Report message that includes the sampled message information collected by the forwarding device and is forwarded by the translator.
Because the translator can translate the sampling message information sent by each forwarding device into a PostCard Report message, and the translator can simulate the reporting mode of reporting the respective PostCard Report message by each forwarding device supporting the PostCard function to Report the PostCard Report message to the monitoring device, the monitoring device can receive the PostCard Report message corresponding to each forwarding device, and the forwarding device which does not support the PostCard function can Report the sampling message information to the monitoring device through the PostCard technology.
In addition, when most forwarding devices in the data center network do not support the PostCard function, the forwarding devices do not need to be replaced by the forwarding devices supporting the PostCard function, but by adopting the technical scheme of the application, one translator or a small number of translators are configured in the data center network, so that the forwarding devices not supporting the PostCard function can report the collected sampling message information to the monitoring device through the PostCard technology, and the cost can be greatly reduced.
The following describes the message sending method provided by the present application in detail.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a message sending method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application, where the method may be applied to the translator shown in fig. 2, and may include the following steps.
Step 301: the translator receives an information notification message sent by forwarding equipment; the information notification message carries the sampling message information of the sampling message collected by the forwarding equipment.
Before introducing step 301, several concepts are introduced.
1) Translator
The translator refers to hardware having a PostCard function, and may be a hardware chip. For example, the translator is a Tonifo (a hardware chip) hardware chip. Of course, the translator may also be other chips supporting the PostCard function, and the hardware chip is only illustrated here by way of example and is not specifically limited.
When the translator is a hardware chip, the translator does not need a control plane to participate in the implementation of the message sending method provided by the application, but the hardware chip executes the message sending logic, so that the efficiency of reporting the sampled message information to the monitoring equipment is higher.
Of course, the translator may also be a network device having a PostCard function, and the translator is only illustrated here by way of example and is not specifically limited.
2) Sampling message information
Sampling message information may include: original information carried by the sampling message, forwarding state information of the sampling message in the forwarding equipment, and the like. Because the sampled message information includes the forwarding state information of the sampled message in the forwarding device, the sampled message information can represent the forwarding state of the sampled message in the forwarding device.
The original information carried by the sampling message may include five-tuple information of the sampling message, a load of the sampling message, etc., a length of the sampling message, etc. Here, the original information carried in the sample packet is only exemplified and not specifically limited.
The forwarding state information of the sample packet in the forwarding device may include: an ingress port at which the forwarding device receives the sample packet, a timestamp at which the forwarding device receives the sample packet, forwarding information (such as an egress interface of the sample packet, a next hop, and the like) recorded in a forwarding table entry matched with the sample packet, a type of the sample packet, a VLAN ID to which the sample packet belongs, and the like. Here, the state information of the sample packet in the forwarding device is only exemplarily described, and is not specifically limited.
Step 301 will be described in detail below with reference to steps 3011 to 3013.
Step 3011: the forwarding device samples the message flow passing through the device according to a preset sampling rate to obtain a sampling message.
In this embodiment, the forwarding device may sample all the packet flows passing through the forwarding device, or may sample the packet flows meeting the preset rules. For example, the forwarding device may configure an ACL rule, and the forwarding device only samples a packet flow that meets the ACL rule.
During sampling, the forwarding device may sample the message stream according to a preset sampling rate to obtain a sampling message, and send the sampling message information of the sampling message to the translator.
For example, assuming that the preset sampling rate is 1:10, the forwarding device may collect the 1 st packet, the 11 th packet, and the 21 st packet … in the packet stream as sampling packets. The forwarding device may then send the message information of the sampled message to the translator.
Step 3012: the forwarding device may construct an information notification message based on the sampled message information of the sampled message, the sampled message identifier, the forwarding device identifier of the forwarding device, and then send the information notification message to the translator.
The sampling message identification refers to identification information for uniquely identifying one sampling message. For example, the sample packet identifier may be five-tuple information of the sample packet, and the identifier information of the sample packet is only illustrated by way of example and is not particularly limited.
The forwarding device identifier refers to identification information that uniquely identifies one forwarding device. For example, the forwarding device identifier may be a device ID of the forwarding device, or may be a MAC address, an IP address, or the like of the forwarding device, and the forwarding device identifier is not specifically limited herein.
It should be noted that the information notification message may be an ERSPAN message based on an ERSPAN protocol, and may also be based on a message of another protocol, which is not specifically limited herein.
The following description will take the above-mentioned message notification message as an example of an ERSPAN message.
An ERSPAN (Encapsulated Remote Switch Port Analyzer) technology is a Remote Port mirroring technology, and a forwarding device may mirror sampled packet information, sampled packet identifiers, and forwarding device identifiers to a translator through an ERSPAN packet by using an ESPAN technology.
For example, the forwarding device may generate an ERSPAN3 (third version of the ERSPAN protocol) message based on the sampled message information, the sampled message identification, and the forwarding device identification. The ERSPAN3 message carries the information of the sample message, the identifier of the sample message and the identifier of the forwarding device. The forwarding device then sends an ERSPAN3 message to the translator. The ERSPAN3 message is the above-mentioned information notification message.
Because the ERSPAN technology mirrors the sampled message information, the sampled message identifier and the forwarding device identifier to the translator in a bypass mode, the forwarding device is not influenced to forward the sampled message. Therefore, the ERSPAN technology is adopted to transmit the information of the sampling message, the identification of the sampling message and the identification of the forwarding equipment to the translation, and meanwhile, the normal forwarding service of the forwarding equipment is not influenced.
Of course, the forwarding device may also send the information notification message to the translator in other manners, which are only exemplary and not specifically limited herein.
Step 3013: the translator may receive an information advertisement message sent by the forwarding device.
The translator can receive an information notification message sent by the forwarding device, and acquire information such as sampling message information, a sampling message identifier, a forwarding device identifier and the like carried by the information notification message.
Step 302: and the translator determines whether the flow state of the message flow to which the sampling message belongs changes or not based on the information of the sampling message.
The flow state of the message flow is comprehensively represented by the forwarding state of each message in the message flow in the forwarding equipment. The changing of the flow state may include: packet loss occurs in the message stream, or the forwarding device has delay in receiving the message.
Two ways to implement step 302 are described below, but of course, the translator may also implement step 302 in other ways, which are only exemplary and not specifically limited.
The first method is as follows:
before introducing the first embodiment, several concepts related to the first embodiment will be introduced.
1) Flow table
The translator is pre-configured with a flow table. The flow table contains a plurality of flow table entries. Each flow table entry comprises a forwarding device identifier, a sampling message identifier, sampling message information and a flow state reference value. Of course, the flow table entry may include other contents, which are only exemplary and not specifically limited.
The flow table is shown in table 1, for example.
| Sampling message identification | Forwarding device identification | Sampling message information | Reference value of flow state |
| Sampling message 1 | Forwarding device 1 | Sampling message information 1 | Reference value of flow state 1 |
| Sampling message 1 | Forwarding device 2 | Sampling message information 2 | Reference value of flow state 2 |
| Sampling message 2 | Forwarding device 1 | Sampling message information 3 | Reference value of flow state 3 |
| .... | .... | .... |
TABLE 1
Table 1 is a flow table shown in this application, and each row of table 1 represents each flow entry, but of course, each flow entry may also include other contents, and here, the flow entries are merely exemplary and are not specifically limited.
Further, each flow entry is generated based on the information advertisement packet of the forwarding device received by the translator. The specific generation process will be described below.
2) Flow state reference value and flow state parameter
The flow state parameter is used to represent a flow state of a current packet flow, for example, the flow state parameter may be a packet receiving time interval (it can be seen through the time interval whether a delay occurs in packet receiving), and the flow state parameter may be a parameter used to represent packet loss.
The flow state reference value is used to represent an ideal value of the flow state, and the flow state reference value corresponds to the flow state parameter. For example, when the flow state is a message reception time interval, the flow state reference value is an ideal message reception time interval.
The reference value of the flow state may be a preset value, or may be a statistical value obtained by the translator based on the information of the received sampled packets.
When the flow state reference value is a statistical value obtained by the translator by counting the sampled packet information of the received sampled packet, the translator updates the flow state reference value corresponding to the sampled packet information every time it receives one sampled packet information, and the specific updating process is described below.
Having introduced the concepts described above, equation one is described in detail below.
After receiving the information notification message, the translator can acquire the information of the sampling message, the identifier of the sampling message and the identifier of the forwarding equipment, which are carried in the information notification message.
Then, the translator can use the forwarding device identifier and the sampling message identifier carried in the information notification message as keywords, and look up a flow table entry corresponding to the keywords in the flow table.
If the flow table entry corresponding to the keyword can be found in the flow table, the forwarding device may obtain the sampling message information recorded by the found flow table entry. For convenience of description, the sampling message information carried by the information notification message is used as the first sampling message information, and the sampling message information recorded in the searched flow entry is used as the second sampling message information.
The forwarding device may determine a flow state parameter of the sample packet based on the first sample packet information and the second sample packet information.
Then, the forwarding device may determine an error between the flow state parameter and a flow state reference value recorded in the searched flow entry, and if the error is not within a preset error range, determine that the flow state of the packet flow to which the sampling packet belongs changes. And if the calculated error is within the preset error range, determining that the flow state of the message flow to which the sampling message belongs is not changed.
It should be noted that the second sampling packet information is the sampling packet information of the last sampling packet of the sampling packet acquired by the forwarding device.
The flow state reference value of the searched flow entry record is obtained by statistics based on the first N sampling message information of the sampling message.
For example, assume that the forwarding device 1 samples the message stream 1 at a sampling rate of 1:10, and sends the sampled message information of the collected 1 st message, 11 th message, and 21 st message to the translator.
It is assumed that the message information of the sampled message carried in the message notification message currently received by the translator is the information of the 31 st message of the message flow 1, that is, the first sampled message information is the information of the 31 st message.
At this time, the second sampled packet information recorded in the flow entry corresponding to the forwarding device identifier of the translator being the forwarding device 1 and the packet identifier being the identifier of the packet flow 1 is the sampled packet information of the 21 st packet.
The flow state reference values recorded in the flow entry are: and the translator calculates the obtained reference value based on the sampled message information of the 1 st message, the 11 th message and the 21 st message.
In addition, in the first mode, after the translator determines whether the flow state of the packet flow to which the sample packet belongs is changed based on the first sample packet information, the translator may update the flow state reference value and update the searched flow table entry.
When implemented, the translator may determine a new flow state reference value based on the determined flow state parameters and the recorded flow state reference values. The translator may then generate a flow entry based on the new flow state reference value, the first sampled packet information, the sampled packet identifier, and the forwarding device identifier, and update the found flow entry with the new flow entry.
For example, assume that the sample packet information includes: the forwarding device receives a receiving timestamp (here, referred to as a receiving timestamp) of the sampling message.
The flow state parameter is a message receiving time interval, and the flow state reference value is a message receiving time interval reference value (time interval reference value for short).
Suppose that the forwarding device 1 samples the message stream 1 according to a sampling rate of 1:10, and sends the sampled message information of the 1 st message, the 11 th message and the 21 st message which are collected to the translator.
Suppose that the message announcement message currently received by the translator carries the receiving timestamp of the 31 st message.
At this time, in the current flow table, the flow table entry corresponding to the identifier of the 31 st packet and the identifier of the forwarding device 1, which is found by the translator, is the flow table entry 1. The sampled message information recorded in the flow table entry 1 is the receiving timestamp of the 21 st message. The flow state reference value (i.e., the time interval reference value) recorded in the flow table entry 1 is: and the translator calculates the obtained time interval reference value based on the receiving time stamps of the 1 st message, the 11 th message and the 21 st message.
For example, the statistical algorithm may be:
the time interval reference value is [ (the receiving time stamp of the 21 st message-the receiving time stamp of the 11 th message) + (the receiving time stamp of the 11 th message-the receiving time stamp of the 1 st message) ]/2;
the statistical algorithm of the time interval reference value is only exemplified here and is not particularly limited.
After determining whether the flow state of the packet flow 1 changes based on the receiving timestamp of the 31 st packet, the translator may determine a new time interval reference value based on the time interval reference value in the flow entry 1 and the receiving timestamp of the 31 st packet, so that the new time interval reference value is a time interval reference value obtained by statistics based on the receiving timestamps of the 1 st packet, the 11 th packet, the 21 st packet, and the 31 st packet.
The determination of the new time interval reference value is only exemplarily illustrated here and is not particularly limited.
Then, the translator generates a flow entry 2 based on the identifier of the forwarding device 1, the packet identifier of the 31 st packet, the receiving timestamp of the 31 st packet, and the new time interval reference value, and updates the flow entry 1 with the flow entry 2.
In addition, in this embodiment of the application, if it is determined that a flow table entry corresponding to the keyword cannot be searched in the flow table after the translator searches for the flow table entry corresponding to the keyword in the flow table in the step "the translator may use the forwarding device identifier and the sampling message identifier carried in the information notification message as keywords," the translator may determine a flow state reference value based on the sampling message information carried in the information notification message, generate a flow table entry based on the forwarding device identifier, the sampling message information and the determined flow state reference value carried in the information notification message, and add the generated flow table entry to the flow table.
The second method comprises the following steps:
the sampled message information also includes flow state parameters.
When determining whether the flow state of the packet flow to which the sampling packet belongs changes based on the sampling packet information, the translator may read the sampling packet information carried by the information notification packet sent by the forwarding device, and may read the flow state parameters included in the sampling packet information.
And if the flow state parameter indicates that the flow state of the message flow to which the sampling message belongs changes, determining that the flow state of the message flow to which the sampling message belongs changes.
For example, assume that the flow state parameter is a packet loss flag.
It is assumed that the forwarding device 1 samples the packet stream 1 passing through the forwarding device. Meanwhile, the forwarding device 1 also monitors whether packet loss occurs in the packet flow 1. After the forwarding device 1 collects the sampling packet, it may set a packet loss condition based on whether the packet is lost or not in a packet loss flag (for example, the packet loss flag 1 indicates that packet loss occurs in the packet flow 1, and when the packet loss flag is 0, it indicates that packet loss does not occur in the packet flow 1), then carry the packet loss flag in the sampling packet information, and notify the packet through the information to send to the translator.
When receiving an information notification message sent by the forwarding device 1, the translator may obtain a packet loss flag in the sampling message information carried in the information notification message.
And if the packet loss mark indicates that the message flow 1 loses packets, determining that the flow state of the message flow 1 to which the sampling message belongs changes.
If the packet loss flag indicates that the packet stream 1 does not have a packet loss, it is determined that the stream state of the packet stream 1 to which the sampling packet belongs does not change.
In addition, it should be noted that the translator can determine whether the flow state of the packet flow to which the sampling packet belongs changes by using the first method and the second method at the same time. Of course, the translator may also determine whether the flow state of the packet to which the sample packet belongs changes by using the first and second methods, respectively. And is not particularly limited herein.
Step 303: and if the translator determines that the flow state of the message flow to which the sampling message belongs changes, the translator translates the information notification message into a PostCard Report message and sends the PostCard Report message to the monitoring equipment.
In this embodiment of the present application, if the translator determines that the flow state of the packet stream to which the sample packet belongs changes, a PostCard Report packet is generated based on the sample packet information and the like carried in the notification packet. The PostCard Report message carries the sampling message information of the sampling message.
The translator may then send the PostCard Report message to the monitoring device.
As can be seen from the above description, on the one hand, the translator can translate the information notification message sent by each forwarding device into a PostCard Report message, and can simulate the reporting mode in which each forwarding device supporting the PostCard function reports its own PostCard Report message to Report the PostCard Report message to the monitoring device, so that the monitoring device can receive the PostCard Report message corresponding to each forwarding device, thereby implementing that the forwarding device not supporting the PostCard function reports the sampling message information to the monitoring device through the PostCard technology.
On the other hand, when most forwarding devices in the data center network do not support the PostCard function, the forwarding devices do not need to be replaced by the forwarding devices supporting the PostCard function, but by adopting the technical scheme of the application, one translator or a small number of translators are configured in the data center network, so that the forwarding devices not supporting the PostCard function can report the collected sampling message information to the monitoring device through the PostCard technology, and the cost can be greatly reduced.
In the third aspect, the translator translates the information notification message into a PostCard Report message and reports the PostCard Report message to the monitoring device when determining that the message stream to which the sampling message belongs changes, instead of translating the information notification message into the PostCard Report message and reporting the PostCard Report message to the monitoring device every time one information notification message is received, so that the number of reporting the PostCard Report messages can be greatly reduced.
The following describes the message sending method in detail by using a specific example and by referring to a data center networking schematic diagram shown in fig. 4.
Assume that the forwarding device 401 samples the message stream 101 at a sampling rate of 1: 50. The message flow 101 is identified as IP1-IP2-PORT1-PORT 2-T. The sampled message identifications of all sampled messages collected based on the message flow 101 are IP1-IP2-PORT1-PORT 2-T.
Suppose that the forwarding device 401 sends the information notification message corresponding to the collected sampling message (assumed as the 1 st message, the 51 st message, the 101 st message, and the 151 th message) to the translator.
The forwarding device 401 currently collects the 201 st packet, and the forwarding device 401 has not yet sent the information notification packet corresponding to the 201 st packet to the translator.
Assume that the sampled message information includes: and the forwarding equipment receives the timestamp of the message.
The flow state parameter is a message reception time interval.
The flow state reference value is a message reception time interval reference value (herein, referred to as a time interval reference value for short).
The preset error range is +/-5 seconds.
Suppose that the timestamps of the 1 st packet, the 51 st packet, the 101 st packet, and the 151 th packet received by the forwarding device 401 are respectively: 13:09:00, 13:09:20, 13:09:40 and 13:10: 00.
Assume that the translator has received the sampled message information (i.e., 13:09:00, 13:09:20, 13:09:40, and 13:10:00) for the 1 st message, the 51 st message, the 101 st message, and the 151 th message collected by the forwarding device 401.
Based on the above assumptions, the flow table recorded on the translator is as shown in table 2.
TABLE 2
The second row entry in table 2 is a packet flow, where 01 passes through a flow entry (here, denoted as flow entry 101) corresponding to the forwarding device 401.
The sampled packet information recorded in the flow table entry 101 is the packet reception timestamp of the 151 th packet (i.e., 13:10: 00).
The flow state reference values recorded in the flow table entry 101 are statistically derived by the translator based on 13:09:00, 13:09:20, 13:09:40, and 13:10: 00.
For example, the translator can make statistics as follows.
The message reception interval reference value ═ [ (timestamp of 151 th message-timestamp of 101 th message) + (timestamp of 101 th message-timestamp of 51 th message) + (timestamp of 51 th message-timestamp of 1 st message) ]/3 ═ 20 seconds [ (13:10:00-13:09:40) + (13:09:40-13:09:20) + (13:09:20-13:09:00) ]/3.
Of course, this formula is merely exemplary and is not particularly limited.
This example will be described in detail in steps 401 to 404.
Step 401: the forwarding device 401 collects the 201 st message and sends an information notification message to the translator.
Assume that the timestamp of the reception time of the 201 st packet received by the forwarding device 401 is 13:10: 30. The 201 st message collected by the forwarding device 401 is used as a sampling message.
The forwarding device 401 constructs an information notification packet 101 based on the identifier of the forwarding device 401, the identifier of the 201 st packet (i.e., IP1-IP2-PORT1-PORT2-T), and the information of the 201 st packet (including timestamp of 13:10:30), and sends the information notification packet 101 to the translator.
Step 402: the translator can determine whether the flow state of the message flow 101 has changed based on the sampled message information for the 201 st message.
In implementation, after receiving the information notification packet, the translator may use the identifier of the sample packet of the 201 st packet (i.e., IP1-IP2-PORT1-PORT2-T) and the identifier of the forwarding device 401 as keys, and look up a flow table entry corresponding to the key in the flow table shown in table 2.
In this example, the found flow entry is the second row entry in table 2 (here denoted as flow entry 101).
The translator may then obtain the sampled packet information in the looked up flow entry 101, in this example, the obtained timestamp is 13:10: 00.
The translator can then calculate the difference (i.e. 30s) between the timestamp carried by the information advertisement message (i.e. 13:10:30) and the timestamp recorded by the found flow entry 101 (i.e. 13:10:00) and take this difference as the message reception interval 1.
The translator may then calculate the error (i.e., 10 seconds) between this message receipt time interval 1 (i.e., 30 seconds) and the time interval reference value (i.e., 20 seconds) recorded by flow entry 101, and compare whether the calculated error is within a preset error range (i.e., ± 5 seconds).
In this example, since the calculated error is not within the error range, the translator may determine that the forwarding device has a delay in receiving the packet in the packet flow identified as IP1-IP2-PORT1-PORT2-T, and may further determine that the flow state of the packet flow identified as IP1-IP2-PORT1-PORT2-T has changed.
Step 403: the translator can translate the information notification message 101 into a PostCard Report message and send the PostCard Report message to the monitoring device.
Step 404: after determining whether the flow state of the message flow 101 has changed, the translator may also update the flow table entry 101.
At update time, the translator may determine a new time interval reference value based on the timestamp of the 201 th packet (i.e., 13:10:30), and the time interval reference value recorded in the flow table entry 101 (i.e., 20 seconds).
The calculation formula can be as follows:
new time interval reference value ═ S × N + T)/M;
where S is a time interval reference value recorded in the flow entry 101;
n is the number of the sampling messages in the preorder of the current sampling message;
t is the calculated time interval 1;
m is the total number of the current sampling message and the preamble sampling message.
In this example, the current sample packet is the 201 st packet, and the preamble sample packets of the current sample packet are the 1 st packet, the 51 st packet, the 101 st packet, and the 151 th packet. Thus, in this example, S is 20 seconds, N is 3, M is 4, T is 30 seconds, and the new time interval reference value calculated is 22.5 seconds.
Of course, the calculation formula is only illustrated here by way of example, and other statistical algorithms may be used to calculate the new time interval reference value, which is not specifically limited.
Then, the translator generates a flow table entry 102 based on the sampled packet identifier of the 201 st packet, the identifier of the forwarding device 401, the sampled packet information of the 201 st packet, and the new time interval reference value, and updates the flow table entry 101 with the flow table entry 102.
The flow table after updating the flow table entry 101 is shown in table 3. Table 3 row 2 behavior flow entry 102.
TABLE 3
Similarly, when the message stream 101 passes through the forwarding device 402, the forwarding device 402 reports the collected sampling message information to the monitoring device according to the above-mentioned manner.
Because the translator can translate the sampling message information sent by the forwarding device 401 and the forwarding device 402 into a PostCard Report message, and the translator can simulate the reporting mode that each forwarding device supporting the PostCard function reports the respective PostCard Report message to Report the PostCard Report message to the monitoring device, the monitoring device can receive the PostCard Report message corresponding to each forwarding device, and the forwarding device not supporting the PostCard function reports the sampling message information to the monitoring device through the PostCard technology.
The embodiment of the application also provides a message sending device corresponding to the message sending method.
Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a block diagram of a message sending apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application. The device can be applied to a translator supporting the function of post card in the data center network; the translator is connected with forwarding equipment and monitoring equipment in the data center network; the forwarding device does not support the PostCard function, and the apparatus comprises:
a receiving unit 501, configured to receive an information notification message sent by a forwarding device; the information notification message carries the sampling message information of the sampling message collected by the forwarding equipment; the sampling message information represents the forwarding state of the sampling message in the forwarding equipment;
a determining unit 502, configured to determine, based on the information of the sampling packet, whether a flow state of a packet flow to which the sampling packet belongs changes;
a sending unit 503, configured to translate the information notification message into a post card notification PostCard Report message if the information notification message is a post card notification message, and send the PostCard Report message to the monitoring device.
Optionally, the sampling packet information includes: a flow state parameter;
the determining unit 502 is specifically configured to read a flow state parameter included in the sampling packet information when determining whether a flow state of a packet flow to which the sampling packet belongs changes based on the sampling packet information; and if the flow state parameter indicates that the flow state of the message flow to which the sampling message belongs changes, determining that the flow state of the message flow to which the sampling message belongs changes.
Optionally, the information notification packet further includes: sampling a message identifier and the forwarding equipment identifier;
the determining unit 502 is specifically configured to, when determining whether a flow state of a packet flow to which the sampling packet belongs is changed based on the sampling packet information, use the sampling packet identifier and the forwarding device identifier as keywords, and search a flow table entry corresponding to the keyword in a recorded flow table; if the flow table entry is found, acquiring the flow table entry; the flow table entry includes: the forwarding equipment acquires the last sampling message information and the flow state reference value which are the same as the sampling message identifier; determining the flow state parameter of the sampling message based on the sampling message information and the last sampling message information; and if the error between the determined flow state parameter and the flow state reference value is not within a preset error range, determining that the flow state of the message flow to which the sampling message belongs changes.
Optionally, the apparatus further comprises:
an updating unit 504, configured to determine a new flow state reference value based on the determined flow state parameter and the recorded flow state reference value after determining whether a flow state of a packet flow to which the sampling packet belongs changes based on the sampling packet information; and generating a flow table item based on the new flow state reference value, the sampling message information, the sampling message identification and the forwarding equipment identification, and updating the searched flow table item by adopting the new flow table item.
Optionally, the information notification message is an ERSPAN message for analyzing a port of a remote encapsulation switch.
The implementation process of the functions and actions of each unit in the above device is specifically described in the implementation process of the corresponding step in the above method, and is not described herein again.
For the device embodiments, since they substantially correspond to the method embodiments, reference may be made to the partial description of the method embodiments for relevant points. The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the scheme of the application. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
The above description is only exemplary of the present application and should not be taken as limiting the present application, as any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A message sending method is characterized in that a translator supporting the function of a post card is added in advance in a data center network; the translator is connected with forwarding equipment and monitoring equipment in the data center network; the forwarding device does not support PostCard function, the method is applied to the translator, and the method comprises the following steps:
receiving an information notification message sent by forwarding equipment; the information notification message carries the sampling message information of the sampling message collected by the forwarding equipment; the sampling message information represents the forwarding state of the sampling message in the forwarding equipment;
determining whether the flow state of the message flow to which the sampling message belongs changes or not based on the information of the sampling message;
if yes, the information notification message is translated into a post card notification PostCard Report message, and the PostCard Report message is sent to the monitoring equipment.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein sampling the message information comprises: a flow state parameter;
the determining whether the flow state of the packet flow to which the sampling packet belongs changes based on the sampling packet information includes:
reading the flow state parameters contained in the sampling message information;
and if the flow state parameter indicates that the flow state of the message flow to which the sampling message belongs changes, determining that the flow state of the message flow to which the sampling message belongs changes.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the information advertisement message further comprises: sampling a message identifier and the forwarding equipment identifier;
the determining whether the flow state of the packet flow to which the sampling packet belongs changes based on the sampling packet information includes:
using the sampling message identifier and the forwarding device identifier as keywords, and searching a flow table entry corresponding to the keyword in a recorded flow table;
if the flow table entry is found, acquiring the flow table entry; the flow table entry includes: the forwarding equipment acquires the last sampling message information and the flow state reference value which are the same as the sampling message identifier;
determining the flow state parameter of the sampling message based on the sampling message information and the last sampling message information;
and if the error between the determined flow state parameter and the flow state reference value is not within a preset error range, determining that the flow state of the message flow to which the sampling message belongs changes.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein after determining whether a flow state of a packet flow to which the sampled packet belongs has changed based on the sampled packet information, the method further comprises:
determining a new flow state reference value based on the determined flow state parameters and the recorded flow state reference values;
and generating a flow table item based on the new flow state reference value, the sampling message information, the sampling message identification and the forwarding equipment identification, and updating the searched flow table item by adopting the new flow table item.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the information advertisement message is a remote encapsulating switch port analysis (ERSPAN) message.
6. A message sending device is characterized in that a translator supporting the function of a post card is added in advance in a data center network; the translator is connected with forwarding equipment and monitoring equipment in the data center network; the forwarding device does not support PostCard function, the device is applied to the translator, and the device comprises:
a receiving unit, configured to receive an information notification message sent by a forwarding device; the information notification message carries the sampling message information of the sampling message collected by the forwarding equipment; the sampling message information represents the forwarding state of the sampling message in the forwarding equipment;
a determining unit, configured to determine whether a flow state of a packet flow to which the sampling packet belongs changes based on the information of the sampling packet;
and the sending unit is used for translating the information notification message into a post card notification PostCard Report message and sending the PostCard Report message to the monitoring equipment if the information notification message is true.
7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the sampled message information comprises: a flow state parameter;
the determining unit is specifically configured to read a flow state parameter included in the sampling packet information when determining whether a flow state of a packet flow to which the sampling packet belongs changes based on the sampling packet information; and if the flow state parameter indicates that the flow state of the message flow to which the sampling message belongs changes, determining that the flow state of the message flow to which the sampling message belongs changes.
8. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the information advertisement message further comprises: sampling a message identifier and the forwarding equipment identifier;
the determining unit is specifically configured to, when determining whether a flow state of a packet flow to which the sampling packet belongs is changed based on the sampling packet information, use the sampling packet identifier and the forwarding device identifier as keywords, and search a flow table entry corresponding to the keyword in a recorded flow table; if the flow table entry is found, acquiring the flow table entry; the flow table entry includes: the forwarding equipment acquires the last sampling message information and the flow state reference value which are the same as the sampling message identifier; determining the flow state parameter of the sampling message based on the sampling message information and the last sampling message information; and if the error between the determined flow state parameter and the flow state reference value is not within a preset error range, determining that the flow state of the message flow to which the sampling message belongs changes.
9. The apparatus of claim 8, further comprising:
an updating unit, configured to determine a new flow state reference value based on the determined flow state parameter and the recorded flow state reference value after determining whether a flow state of a packet flow to which the sampling packet belongs changes based on the sampling packet information; and generating a flow table item based on the new flow state reference value, the sampling message information, the sampling message identification and the forwarding equipment identification, and updating the searched flow table item by adopting the new flow table item.
10. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the information advertisement message is a remote encapsulation switch port analysis (ERSPAN) message.
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