CN110593485A - A Detachable Steel-Concrete Composite Beam with No Damage to Main Material - Google Patents
A Detachable Steel-Concrete Composite Beam with No Damage to Main Material Download PDFInfo
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- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 97
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 97
- 239000011178 precast concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000011799 hole material Substances 0.000 description 71
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011374 ultra-high-performance concrete Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- PCTMTFRHKVHKIS-BMFZQQSSSA-N (1s,3r,4e,6e,8e,10e,12e,14e,16e,18s,19r,20r,21s,25r,27r,30r,31r,33s,35r,37s,38r)-3-[(2r,3s,4s,5s,6r)-4-amino-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-19,25,27,30,31,33,35,37-octahydroxy-18,20,21-trimethyl-23-oxo-22,39-dioxabicyclo[33.3.1]nonatriaconta-4,6,8,10 Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](OS(O)(=O)=O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2.O[C@H]1[C@@H](N)[C@H](O)[C@@H](C)O[C@H]1O[C@H]1/C=C/C=C/C=C/C=C/C=C/C=C/C=C/[C@H](C)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](C)[C@H](C)OC(=O)C[C@H](O)C[C@H](O)CC[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)C[C@H](O)C[C@](O)(C[C@H](O)[C@H]2C(O)=O)O[C@H]2C1 PCTMTFRHKVHKIS-BMFZQQSSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011900 installation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/343—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport
- E04B1/34384—Assembling details for foldable, separable, collapsible or retractable structures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
- E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
- E04C3/29—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces built-up from parts of different material, i.e. composite structures
- E04C3/293—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces built-up from parts of different material, i.e. composite structures the materials being steel and concrete
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- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种主材免损伤的可拆卸钢‑混凝土组合梁，主要包括工字形钢梁、预制钢筋混凝土板、抗剪螺栓套组、插块和钢盖板。工字形钢梁上翼缘左右两边对称的位置预设开孔；预制钢筋混凝土板内布有钢筋，且在螺栓对应位置留有放置插块预留孔，预留孔由两侧的半圆台体和中间的四棱柱体组成，插块与预留孔形状相同，插块放入后与预留孔孔壁完全贴合，混凝土板与钢梁通过螺栓连接；抗剪螺栓套组是由螺柱、螺母和垫片组成。本发明构件采用可拆卸螺栓连接代替栓钉焊接，通过对螺杆截面削弱，可以改善组合梁的破坏模式，避免钢梁和混凝土板两种主材的损伤，保证施工质量，提高使用效率，便于主材回收和重复使用。
The invention discloses a detachable steel-concrete composite beam whose main material is free from damage, mainly comprising an I-shaped steel beam, a prefabricated reinforced concrete slab, a shear bolt set, an insert block and a steel cover plate. Holes are preset at the symmetrical positions on the left and right sides of the upper flange of the I-shaped steel beam; steel bars are arranged inside the prefabricated reinforced concrete slab, and there are reserved holes for inserting blocks at the corresponding positions of the bolts. The shape of the plug-in block is the same as that of the reserved hole. After the plug-in block is put in, it is completely attached to the wall of the reserved hole. The concrete slab and the steel beam are connected by bolts; the shear bolt set is composed of studs, nuts and gaskets. The components of the present invention are connected by detachable bolts instead of stud welding. By weakening the cross section of the screw, the failure mode of the composite beam can be improved, the damage of the two main materials of the steel beam and the concrete slab can be avoided, the construction quality is guaranteed, the use efficiency is improved, and the main Material recycling and reuse.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及可拆卸钢-混凝土组合梁，尤其涉及一种主材免损伤的可拆卸钢-混凝土组合梁，属于建筑工程领域。The invention relates to a detachable steel-concrete composite beam, in particular to a detachable steel-concrete composite beam whose main material is free from damage, and belongs to the field of construction engineering.
背景技术Background technique
钢-混凝土组合梁是将钢梁和混凝土板通过剪力连接件连成整体的构件，其中剪力连接件是钢-混凝土组合梁中关键受力构件之一，可以使该组合结构充分发挥钢材抗拉性能好和混凝土抗压强度高的优势。钢-混凝土组合梁结构抗剪连接采用焊接栓钉连接，施工质量差且成本较高，拆卸困难，其根部焊接处的疲劳问题也比较突出。The steel-concrete composite beam is a component that connects the steel beam and the concrete slab through shear connectors. The shear connector is one of the key stress-bearing members in the steel-concrete composite beam, which can make the composite structure fully utilize the steel The advantages of good tensile properties and high compressive strength of concrete. The shear connection of the steel-concrete composite beam structure adopts welded stud connection, which has poor construction quality and high cost, and is difficult to disassemble, and the fatigue problem of the root weld is also prominent.
目前，我国正处于大规模城镇化建设阶段，工程拆除产生的建筑垃圾成为环境保护和可持续发展的重要问题，因此使结构具备全生命周期可拆卸性尤为重要，具有广阔的应用前景。近年来，螺栓剪力连接件在一些组合梁构件中代替焊接栓钉作为剪力连接件。螺栓剪力连接件由螺帽、螺杆、螺纹、螺母及垫片组成，螺杆穿过钢梁翼缘上预设的孔洞，通过上、下两个螺母紧固于钢梁翼缘上，钢梁翼缘下面与螺母之间设有垫片。相比于焊接栓钉剪力连接件，使用螺母连接栓杆与钢梁，施工操作方便，连接质量稳定。螺栓连接的安装相比于焊接形式，可以节省较多的人力物力和施工时间，减少焊接相关的费用。同时螺栓连接配合预制混凝土板可以使组合梁具有可拆卸的特点，便于后期的维修和回收利用。At present, my country is in the stage of large-scale urbanization, and the construction waste generated by project demolition has become an important issue for environmental protection and sustainable development. Therefore, it is particularly important to make the structure detachable throughout its life cycle, which has broad application prospects. In recent years, bolted shear connectors have replaced welded studs as shear connectors in some composite beam members. The bolted shear connection is composed of a nut, screw, thread, nut and gasket. The screw passes through the preset hole on the flange of the steel beam, and is fastened to the flange of the steel beam by the upper and lower nuts. The bottom of the flange of the steel beam and the nut Spacers are provided. Compared with welded stud shear connectors, nuts are used to connect bolt rods and steel beams, which is convenient for construction and operation, and the connection quality is stable. Compared with the welding form, the installation of bolted connection can save more manpower, material resources and construction time, and reduce the cost related to welding. At the same time, the combination of bolt connection and prefabricated concrete slab can make the composite beam detachable, which is convenient for later maintenance and recycling.
中国专利CN103590322A公开了“一种剪力连接件、含该剪力连接件的组合梁及施工方法”，其构造原理为在混凝土板和钢梁之间设置钢板，并用螺栓剪力连接件将混凝土板、钢板和钢梁连接起来，该构造虽能加强螺栓剪力连接件的预拉力效果，但会对钢梁和混凝土板造成损伤，不利于拆卸和主材构件的循环利用，螺栓和钢梁翼缘孔留有孔隙，螺栓和钢梁相对位置错动，因此造成螺栓抗剪连接件刚度降低，且具有刚度和极限抗剪承载力无法准确预测以及延性差等缺点。Chinese patent CN103590322A discloses "a shear connector, a composite beam containing the shear connector and a construction method". Plates, steel plates and steel beams are connected together. Although this structure can strengthen the pre-tension effect of bolted shear connections, it will cause damage to steel beams and concrete slabs, which is not conducive to disassembly and recycling of main material components. Bolts and steel beam flanges There are gaps in the holes, and the relative positions of the bolts and steel beams are misaligned, so the stiffness of the bolted shear connection is reduced, and it has the disadvantages that the stiffness and ultimate shear bearing capacity cannot be accurately predicted, and the ductility is poor.
中国专利CN108193588A公开了“一种装配式钢-混结合梁剪力键”，其构造原理在钢梁上翼缘上下侧均增设钢填板并用高强螺栓和螺帽将上下侧钢填板与钢梁上翼缘紧固，预制混凝土板留有二次浇筑预留孔，然后将预制混凝土板放在钢梁上侧且摆放到位，使用UHPC浇筑预留孔，使预制混凝土板和钢梁通过螺栓剪力连接件湿连接成整体，该构造虽能提高组合梁整体性，提高剪力连接件的抗剪性能和预拉力效果，但将预制混凝土板、钢梁和螺栓剪力连接件通过湿连接方法连成整体需要等到二次浇筑的UHPC达到承载强度后才可以使用，螺栓剪力连接件会对钢梁和混凝土板造成损伤，不利于拆卸和主材构件的循环利用，且具有刚度和极限抗剪承载力无法准确预测以及延性差等缺点。Chinese patent CN108193588A discloses "a prefabricated steel-concrete composite beam shear key". Its construction principle is to add steel filler plates on the upper and lower sides of the upper flange of the steel beam, and use high-strength bolts and nuts to connect the upper and lower steel filler plates to the upper flange of the steel beam. Fasten, the precast concrete slab has reserved holes for secondary pouring, then place the precast concrete slab on the upper side of the steel beam and place it in place, use UHPC to pour the reserved holes, so that the precast concrete slab and steel beam are connected by bolt shear force Although this structure can improve the integrity of the composite beam and improve the shear performance and pretension effect of the shear connectors, the precast concrete slab, steel beams and bolt shear connectors are connected by wet connection method. The overall need to wait until the secondary pouring UHPC reaches the bearing strength before it can be used. The bolted shear connection will cause damage to the steel beam and the concrete slab, which is not conducive to disassembly and recycling of the main material components, and has rigidity and ultimate shear resistance. The force cannot be accurately predicted and the disadvantages are poor ductility.
综上所述，使用螺栓剪力连接件在作为可拆卸装配式组合梁的剪力连接件时，往往存在以下问题：(1)螺栓通常采用高强钢材制成，强度大于钢梁的强度，在实际应用中，容易对钢梁和混凝土板造成损伤，不利于后期拆卸，也不利于钢梁和混凝土板的循环利用，螺栓自身材质较脆，延性低，延伸率小，导致螺栓作为剪力连接件时变形能力较小；(2)目前采用带有预留孔的预制混凝土板通过湿连接方法将钢梁、螺栓剪力连接件连接成整体，该组合梁需要等到预留孔填充料达到强度后才可使用，不能满足快速拼装快速使用的装配式结构要求；(3)螺栓剪力连接件发生螺杆剪断的破坏模式时，螺杆的剪断面通常位于混凝土板底面与钢梁翼缘顶面的交接面，此处螺杆环面上有螺纹，该段螺杆变形过大或者是对钢梁翼缘螺孔的局部承压破坏导致变形过大，都会增大后期拆卸工作的施工难度，不利于构件的循环利用；(4)在混凝土板和钢梁交接面发生破坏时，破坏前破坏位置周围螺栓、预留孔浇筑材料和钢梁受力复杂，难以推导出准确求解极限抗剪承载力和抗剪刚度的理论公式，不利于前期结构准确的承载设计，造成材料的浪费；(5)传统螺栓作为剪力连接件，钢梁翼缘预设的开孔与螺栓往往留有孔隙，钢梁和螺栓会产生相对错动，降低螺栓剪力连接件的刚度。To sum up, when bolted shear connectors are used as shear connectors of detachable assembled composite beams, there are often the following problems: (1) The bolts are usually made of high-strength steel, and their strength is greater than that of steel beams. In practical application, it is easy to cause damage to steel beams and concrete slabs, which is not conducive to later disassembly, and is also not conducive to the recycling of steel beams and concrete slabs. The material of the bolt itself is brittle, with low ductility and small elongation, which leads to bolts being used as shear connections. (2) At present, precast concrete slabs with reserved holes are used to connect steel beams and bolted shear connectors into a whole through wet connection method. The composite beam needs to wait until the filling material in the reserved holes reaches the strength. (3) When the failure mode of screw shear occurs in the bolt shear connection, the shear section of the screw is usually located at the interface between the bottom surface of the concrete slab and the top surface of the steel beam flange , where there are threads on the ring surface of the screw, the excessive deformation of the screw in this section or the local pressure damage to the screw holes of the flange of the steel beam lead to excessive deformation, which will increase the construction difficulty of the later disassembly work, which is not conducive to the recycling of components; (4) When the interface between the concrete slab and the steel beam is damaged, the bolts around the damaged position, the pouring materials for the reserved holes and the steel beam are subjected to complex forces, and it is difficult to derive the theoretical formulas for the ultimate shear bearing capacity and shear stiffness. It is not conducive to the accurate load-bearing design of the early structure, resulting in waste of materials; (5) traditional bolts are used as shear connectors, and the preset openings and bolts on the flange of the steel beam often leave holes, and the steel beam and bolts will produce relative misalignment, reducing The stiffness of the bolted shear connection.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于克服已有技术的缺点，提供一种可拆卸、主材无损伤、抗剪刚度可调节且延性更好的主材免损伤的可拆卸钢-混凝土组合梁。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, and provide a detachable steel-concrete composite beam with no damage to the main material, adjustable shear stiffness and better ductility.
本发明的技术方案如下:Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
本发明的一种主材免损伤的可拆卸钢-混凝土组合梁，包括沿水平方向设置的工字形钢梁，在所述的工字形钢梁的上翼缘上支撑设置有预制混凝土板，在所述的预制混凝土板上前后间隔开有多个预留孔，在每个预留孔中安装有一个与预留孔形状吻合的插块，所述的插块的顶面低于预留孔的顶面，所述的插块的底面高于预留孔的底面，在每个插块上左右间隔开有两个螺杆连接孔，在与每个螺杆连接孔对应位置的工字形钢梁上均开有一个钢梁连接孔，每个所述的钢梁连接孔的上部为锥形孔且下部为与锥形孔底端直径相同的圆形孔，所述的锥形孔的顶部为直径大端，在每个钢梁连接孔的上部的锥形孔中均安装有一个锥形螺母，所述的锥形螺母的下部与锥形孔形状吻合，所述的锥形螺母的顶壁露出工字形钢梁的上翼缘的顶壁设置；A detachable steel-concrete composite beam whose main material is free from damage according to the present invention includes an I-shaped steel beam arranged in the horizontal direction, and a prefabricated concrete slab is supported on the upper flange of the I-shaped steel beam. The precast concrete slab is spaced front and back with a plurality of reserved holes, and an insert block matching the shape of the reserved hole is installed in each reserved hole, and the top surface of the insert block is lower than the reserved hole The top surface of the plug-in block is higher than the bottom surface of the reserved hole, and there are two screw connection holes spaced left and right on each plug-in block, which are opened on the I-shaped steel beam corresponding to each screw connection hole. There is a steel beam connection hole, the upper part of each steel beam connection hole is a tapered hole and the lower part is a circular hole with the same diameter as the bottom end of the tapered hole, and the top of the tapered hole is a large diameter end , a tapered nut is installed in the upper tapered hole of each steel beam connection hole, the lower part of the tapered nut matches the shape of the tapered hole, and the top wall of the tapered nut exposes an I-shaped The top wall setting of the upper flange of the steel beam;
每一个螺杆连接孔中插有一个双头螺柱，所述的双头螺柱包括从上至下依次连接的上螺纹杆段、光滑杆段和下螺纹杆段；所述的双头螺柱的下螺纹杆段依次穿过工字形钢梁上对应设置的锥形螺母、钢梁连接孔、下垫片以及下螺母设置，所述的锥形螺母与双头螺柱螺纹连接，所述的下垫片通过旋紧下螺母固定在工字形钢梁的下翼缘的底壁上；并且通过旋紧下螺母，使得所述的锥形螺母紧密贴合地固定在工字形钢梁的锥形孔的壁上；所述的双头螺柱的上部套有上垫片并螺纹连接有上螺母，所述的上垫片通过旋紧上螺母固定在插块的顶壁上；所述的双头螺柱的上螺纹杆段和光滑杆段设置在插块的螺杆连接孔内；在每个预留孔中安装有一个支撑设置在双头螺柱上的钢盖板，钢盖板与预制混凝土板固定在一起，所述的钢盖板上表面与预制混凝土板上表面齐平。A double-ended stud is inserted in each screw connection hole, and the double-ended stud includes an upper threaded rod segment, a smooth rod segment and a lower threaded rod segment connected in sequence from top to bottom; the double-ended stud The lower threaded rod section passes through the corresponding tapered nuts, steel beam connection holes, lower gaskets and lower nuts set on the I-shaped steel beam in turn, and the described tapered nuts are threadedly connected with the double-ended studs, and the described The lower gasket is fixed on the bottom wall of the lower flange of the I-shaped steel beam by tightening the lower nut; and by tightening the lower nut, the tapered nut is tightly fixed on the tapered On the wall of the hole; the upper part of the double-ended stud is covered with an upper gasket and threaded with an upper nut, and the upper gasket is fixed on the top wall of the plug by tightening the upper nut; The upper threaded rod section and the smooth rod section of the head stud are set in the screw connection hole of the insert block; a steel cover plate supported on the double-head stud is installed in each reserved hole, and the steel cover plate and the prefabricated The concrete slabs are fixed together, and the upper surface of the steel cover slab is flush with the upper surface of the prefabricated concrete slab.
本发明相对于现有技术具有以下优点及突出效果：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and outstanding effects:
1、钢梁与预制混凝土板通过螺栓连接，克服了栓钉焊接的焊接质量和焊接技术问题，便于组装拆卸，可以提高使用效率，并且有利于主材的回收和重复使用，符合绿色发展理念。1. The steel beam and the prefabricated concrete slab are connected by bolts, which overcomes the welding quality and welding technical problems of stud welding, facilitates assembly and disassembly, improves the efficiency of use, and is conducive to the recycling and reuse of main materials, which is in line with the concept of green development.
2、通过对螺杆截面削弱，有意诱导破坏位置向上部削弱位置转移，使螺杆在削弱部分先发生塑性屈服，进而保护主材无损伤，可以有效避免混凝土板与钢梁翼缘接触面的剪切破坏或钢梁翼缘局部承压破坏的不利破坏模式。通过调整螺杆截面削弱程度，可以定量设计螺栓剪力连接件的设计抗剪承载力和抗剪刚度，提高了螺栓剪力连接件的延性和变形能力。2. By weakening the cross section of the screw, the damage position is intentionally induced to shift to the upper weakening position, so that the screw will first undergo plastic yielding at the weakened part, thereby protecting the main material from damage, which can effectively avoid shear damage or damage on the contact surface between the concrete slab and the steel beam flange Unfavorable failure modes for localized compression failure of steel beam flanges. By adjusting the weakening degree of the screw section, the design shear bearing capacity and shear stiffness of the bolted shear connection can be quantitatively designed, and the ductility and deformation capacity of the bolted shear connection can be improved.
3、通过改变高强砂浆插块下表面与钢梁上翼缘上表面的距离，以此调节剪力连接件抗剪刚度及抗剪承载力，便于设计计算，同时可满足不同施工要求。3. By changing the distance between the lower surface of the high-strength mortar insert and the upper surface of the upper flange of the steel beam, the shear stiffness and shear bearing capacity of the shear connector can be adjusted, which is convenient for design and calculation, and can meet different construction requirements.
4、较传统螺栓剪力连接件钢梁预设的开孔为直螺栓孔且与螺栓有孔隙，造成螺栓剪力连接件刚度的下降，本发明使用锥形螺母，将锥形螺母嵌入钢梁预留的锥形螺孔中，使螺栓剪力连接件与钢梁相对位置不发生错动，避免了由于螺栓相对错动造成的螺栓抗剪连接件刚度损失。4. Compared with the preset opening of the steel beam of the traditional bolt shear connection, which is a straight bolt hole and has a hole with the bolt, resulting in a decrease in the stiffness of the bolt shear connection, the present invention uses a tapered nut to embed the tapered nut into the steel beam In the reserved tapered screw holes, the relative position of the bolt shear connection and the steel beam will not be displaced, and the stiffness loss of the bolt shear connection caused by the relative displacement of the bolts will be avoided.
5、相比传统留有预留孔的预制混凝土板与钢梁和螺栓剪力连接件通过现浇预留孔的湿连接方法，具有需要等到现浇预留孔材料具备承载强度后才能投入使用的缺点，本发明各构件均为工厂制作的成品，使用干连接方法，实现拼装完成即可投入使用，适用于抢险救灾等应急状况下道路和建筑设施等。5. Compared with the traditional wet connection method of prefabricated concrete slabs with reserved holes, steel beams and bolt shear connections through cast-in-place reserved holes, it is necessary to wait until the cast-in-place reserved hole materials have bearing strength before they can be put into use The disadvantages of this invention are that each component of the present invention is a factory-made finished product, and the dry connection method is used to realize that the assembly can be put into use after completion of the assembly, and is suitable for roads and building facilities in emergency situations such as emergency rescue and disaster relief.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明主材免损伤的可拆卸钢-混凝土组合梁中抗剪螺栓套组结构示意图；Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the structure of the shear bolt set in the detachable steel-concrete composite beam whose main material is free from damage of the present invention;
图2为本发明主材免损伤的可拆卸钢-混凝土组合梁中插块结构示意图；Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of inserting block structure in the detachable steel-concrete composite beam of main material damage-free of the present invention;
图3为本发明主材免损伤的可拆卸钢-混凝土组合梁中螺栓剪力连接件结构图；Fig. 3 is the structural diagram of the bolt shear connector in the detachable steel-concrete composite beam whose main material is free from damage of the present invention;
图4为图3所示的结构中特征尺寸示意图；Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of characteristic dimensions in the structure shown in Fig. 3;
图5为本发明主材免损伤的可拆卸钢-混凝土组合梁结构示意图；Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a detachable steel-concrete composite beam whose main material is free from damage of the present invention;
图6为本发明主材免损伤的可拆卸钢-混凝土组合梁中预留孔结构示意图。Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of reserved holes in the detachable steel-concrete composite beam without damage to the main material of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图和具体安装方法对本发明进行详细说明。The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific installation methods.
如附图所示，本发明的一种主材免损伤的可拆卸钢-混凝土组合梁，包括沿水平方向设置的工字形钢梁10，在所述的工字形钢梁10的上翼缘7上支撑设置有预制混凝土板8，在所述的预制混凝土板8上前后间隔开有多个预留孔，在每个预留孔中安装有一个与预留孔形状吻合的插块6，所述的插块6的顶面低于预留孔的顶面，所述的插块6的底面高于预留孔的底面，在每个插块6上左右间隔开有两个螺杆连接孔6-4、6-5，在与每个螺杆连接孔对应位置的工字形钢梁10上均开有一个钢梁连接孔，每个所述的钢梁连接孔的上部为锥形孔且下部为与锥形孔底端直径相同的圆形孔，所述的锥形孔的顶部为直径大端，在每个钢梁连接孔的上部的锥形孔中均安装有一个锥形螺母4-2，所述的锥形螺母4-2的下部与锥形孔形状吻合，所述的锥形螺母4-2的顶壁露出工字形钢梁10的上翼缘7的顶壁设置。As shown in the drawings, a detachable steel-concrete composite beam whose main material is free from damage of the present invention includes an I-shaped steel beam 10 arranged in the horizontal direction, and on the upper flange 7 of the I-shaped steel beam 10 The upper support is provided with a prefabricated concrete slab 8, and a plurality of reserved holes are spaced front and rear on the prefabricated concrete slab 8, and an insert block 6 matching the shape of the reserved hole is installed in each reserved hole, so that The top surface of the insert block 6 is lower than the top surface of the reserved hole, the bottom surface of the insert block 6 is higher than the bottom surface of the reserved hole, and two screw connection holes 6 are spaced left and right on each insert block 6 -4, 6-5, a steel beam connection hole is opened on the I-shaped steel beam 10 corresponding to each screw connection hole, the upper part of each steel beam connection hole is a tapered hole and the lower part is a A circular hole with the same diameter as the bottom end of the tapered hole, the top of the tapered hole is a large diameter end, and a tapered nut 4-2 is installed in the upper tapered hole of each steel beam connection hole , the bottom of the tapered nut 4-2 matches the shape of the tapered hole, and the top wall of the tapered nut 4-2 exposes the top wall of the upper flange 7 of the I-shaped steel beam 10.
每一个螺杆连接孔中插有一个双头螺柱并且所述的双头螺柱的下部依次穿过工字形钢梁10上对应设置的锥形螺母4-2、钢梁连接孔、下垫片5-2以及下螺母4-3设置，所述的双头螺柱包括从上至下依次连接的上螺纹杆段1、光滑杆段2和下螺纹杆段3。A double-ended stud is inserted in each screw connecting hole and the lower part of the double-ended stud passes through the corresponding tapered nut 4-2 on the I-shaped steel beam 10, the steel beam connecting hole, and the lower gasket. 5-2 and the lower nut 4-3 are set, and the double-ended stud includes an upper threaded rod section 1, a smooth rod section 2 and a lower threaded rod section 3 connected in sequence from top to bottom.
所述的锥形螺母4-2与双头螺柱螺纹连接，所述的下垫片5-2通过旋紧下螺母4-3固定在工字形钢梁10的下翼缘的底壁上。并且通过旋紧下螺母4-3，使得所述的锥形螺母4-2紧密贴合地固定在工字形钢梁10的上翼缘7光滑锥形孔的壁上。所述的双头螺柱的上部套有上垫片5-1并螺纹连接有上螺母4-1，所述的上垫片5-1通过旋紧上螺母4-1固定在插块6的顶壁上。如图5所示，所述的双头螺柱的上螺纹杆段1和光滑杆段2用于设置在插块6的螺杆连接孔内。在每个预留孔中安装有一个支撑设置在双头螺柱上的钢盖板11，钢盖板11与预制混凝土板固定在一起，所述的钢盖板11上表面与预制混凝土板8上表面齐平。The tapered nut 4-2 is threadedly connected with the stud, and the lower gasket 5-2 is fixed on the bottom wall of the lower flange of the I-shaped steel beam 10 by tightening the lower nut 4-3. And by tightening the lower nut 4-3, the said tapered nut 4-2 is fixed closely on the wall of the smooth tapered hole of the upper flange 7 of the I-shaped steel beam 10. The upper part of the double-ended stud is covered with an upper gasket 5-1 and is threaded with an upper nut 4-1, and the upper gasket 5-1 is fixed on the plug 6 by tightening the upper nut 4-1. on the top wall. As shown in FIG. 5 , the upper threaded rod section 1 and the smooth rod section 2 of the double-ended stud are used to be arranged in the screw connection hole of the insert block 6 . In each reserved hole, a steel cover plate 11 supported on a double-ended stud is installed, and the steel cover plate 11 is fixed with the prefabricated concrete slab, and the upper surface of the steel cover plate 11 is connected with the prefabricated concrete slab 8 flush with the upper surface.
优选的锥形孔的母线与水平面成60°，60°作为常用角度便于钢梁翼缘加工钻孔，进一步优选钢梁连接孔的下部圆形孔的孔径D为(d+2)mm，d为双头螺柱下螺纹杆段3外径。The generatrix of the preferred tapered hole is 60° to the horizontal plane, and 60° is used as a common angle to facilitate the drilling of the flange of the steel beam. It is further preferred that the diameter D of the lower circular hole of the steel beam connecting hole is (d+2) mm, and d is double The outer diameter of the lower threaded rod section 3 of the head stud.
优选的，高于锥形螺母4-2顶壁且位于插块6底面之间的一段下螺纹杆段3作为缩颈杆段，所述的缩颈杆段的横截面积小于双头螺柱其余部位处的横截面积，所述的缩颈杆段为减小螺纹杆截面面积段，可以诱导螺栓破坏位置向横截面积最小处转移，优选的缩颈杆段高度为5mm。且通过扭矩扳手旋紧下螺母4-3对位于锥形螺母4-2和下螺母4-3之间的下螺纹杆段3施加预拉力。Preferably, a section of lower threaded rod segment 3 that is higher than the top wall of the conical nut 4-2 and located between the bottom surfaces of the insert block 6 is used as the necking rod segment, and the cross-sectional area of the necking rod segment is smaller than that of the stud stud For the cross-sectional area at the rest of the position, the necking rod section is a section that reduces the cross-sectional area of the threaded rod, which can induce the bolt damage position to shift to the minimum cross-sectional area. The preferred height of the necking rod section is 5mm. And tighten the lower nut 4-3 with a torque wrench to apply a pre-tension force to the lower threaded rod section 3 located between the conical nut 4-2 and the lower nut 4-3.
如图6所示，优选的所述预留孔9由两侧的半圆台体和中间的四棱柱体组成，可以减少预留孔对混凝土板的占比，不影响配筋和混凝土板的整体性；所述半圆台体侧平面ABCD为等腰梯形且与四棱柱体侧面完全相同且重合。所述预留孔9的底面半圆半径r2＝25mm,为减小插块滑动和应力集中，预留孔半圆台体母线与钢梁上翼缘顶壁夹角角度α2＝80°。As shown in Figure 6, the preferred reserved hole 9 is composed of semicircular pedestals on both sides and a square prism in the middle, which can reduce the proportion of the reserved hole to the concrete slab without affecting the overall structure of the reinforcement and the concrete slab property; the side plane ABCD of the semicircular truncated body is an isosceles trapezoid and is exactly the same as and coincides with the side surface of the quadrangular prism. The bottom semicircle radius of the reserved hole 9 is r 2 =25mm. In order to reduce the slippage of the insert block and stress concentration, the angle between the busbar of the semicircular platform body of the reserved hole and the top wall of the upper flange of the steel beam is α 2 =80°.
优选的所述插块6采用抗压强度不低于100MPa的高强砂浆；插块6的底面与锥形螺母4-2顶壁的距离h1可通过改变插块6两侧半圆台体6-1、6-2底面半径r1来调节，即h1＝tan80°×(r1-25)-h2,h2为锥形螺母顶壁距离钢梁上翼缘顶壁的距离，h1越小螺栓剪力连接件刚度和承载力越大；优选的预制混凝土板8厚度为150mm，即预留孔9的高度为150mm，优选的所述插块6高度H＝100mm。Preferably, the insert block 6 adopts high-strength mortar with a compressive strength not less than 100MPa; the distance h1 between the bottom surface of the insert block 6 and the top wall of the conical nut 4-2 can be changed by changing the semicircular platform body 6- on both sides of the insert block 6- 1.6-2 The radius of the bottom surface is adjusted by r 1 , that is, h 1 =tan80°×(r 1 -25)-h 2 , h 2 is the distance between the top wall of the conical nut and the top wall of the upper flange of the steel beam, and the smaller h 1 is The greater the stiffness and bearing capacity of the bolted shear connection; the preferred thickness of the prefabricated concrete slab 8 is 150mm, that is, the height of the reserved hole 9 is 150mm, and the preferred height of the plug 6 is H=100mm.
所述的抗剪螺栓套组中锥形螺母4-2需在工厂将普通螺母4-1加工出如图4所示α1倾角，为方便钢梁翼缘孔的加工和组合梁的连接，优选的锥形螺母4-2锥体母线与钢梁上翼缘顶壁的夹角角度α1＝60°；在拼装过程中，预留出高于锥形螺母4-2上表面的一段下螺纹杆段3，以作为缩颈杆段，优选的缩颈杆段高度为5mm。In the described shear bolt set, the tapered nut 4-2 needs to process the common nut 4-1 in the factory with an inclination angle of α 1 as shown in Figure 4, for the convenience of the processing of the flange hole of the steel beam and the connection of the composite beam, the preferred The included angle α 1 =60° between the conical bus bar of the conical nut 4-2 and the top wall of the upper flange of the steel beam; during the assembly process, a section of lower threaded rod section 3 higher than the upper surface of the conical nut 4-2 is reserved , as the necking rod segment, the preferred height of the necking rod segment is 5mm.
本结构的安装过程如下：如图5所示，将预制混凝土板8吊装在工字形钢梁10的上翼缘7后，将插块6中的螺杆连接孔6-4、6-5分别对准工字形钢梁10的上翼缘7锥形孔中的两双头螺柱上部分，如图3所示，插块6穿过双头螺柱上螺纹杆段1和光滑杆段2与预制混凝土板8的预留孔9孔壁紧闭贴合且无法产生晃动，所述的上垫片5-1通过旋紧上螺母4-1固定在插块6的顶壁上，然后使用扭矩扳手旋紧上螺母4-1对位于锥形螺母4-2和上螺母4-1之间的双头螺柱杆段施加预拉力。最后，如图5所示，所述钢盖板11放置于预制混凝土板预留孔9上表面处，钢盖板9上表面与预制混凝土板8上表面齐平。The installation process of this structure is as follows: as shown in Figure 5, after the prefabricated concrete slab 8 is hoisted on the upper flange 7 of the I-shaped steel beam 10, the screw connecting holes 6-4 and 6-5 in the insert block 6 are respectively aligned The upper part of the two double-ended studs in the upper flange 7 tapered holes of the quasi-I-shaped steel beam 10, as shown in Figure 3, the insert block 6 passes through the threaded rod section 1 and the smooth rod section 2 on the double-ended studs. The walls of the reserved holes 9 of the prefabricated concrete slab 8 are tightly closed and cannot shake, and the upper gasket 5-1 is fixed on the top wall of the insert block 6 by tightening the upper nut 4-1, and then the torque is used to The wrench tightens the upper nut 4-1 to apply a pre-tension force to the stud rod section between the tapered nut 4-2 and the upper nut 4-1. Finally, as shown in FIG. 5 , the steel cover 11 is placed on the upper surface of the reserved hole 9 of the precast concrete slab, and the upper surface of the steel cover 9 is flush with the upper surface of the precast concrete slab 8 .
当需要更换预制混凝土板8时，只需将抗剪螺栓套组的上螺母4-1拧下，并将上垫片5-1和插块取出，即可将预制混凝土板8整体拆卸和更换。When it is necessary to replace the precast concrete slab 8, simply unscrew the upper nut 4-1 of the shear bolt set, and take out the upper gasket 5-1 and the insert, then the precast concrete slab 8 can be disassembled and replaced as a whole .
上述对本发明的具体实施进行描述是为了便于该技术领域的普通技术人员能理解和应用本发明。但应该清楚，熟悉该领域技术的人员可以容易地对本发明做出各种修改，并应用到其他实施例中去而不必经过创造性的劳动。因此，本发明不限于具体实施方式，本领域技术人员根据本发明的揭示，不脱离本发明范畴所做出的改进和修改都应该在本发明的保护范围之内。The above description of the specific implementation of the present invention is for those of ordinary skill in the technical field to understand and apply the present invention. But it should be clear that those skilled in the art can easily make various modifications to the present invention and apply it to other embodiments without creative work. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to specific implementations. Improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art according to the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
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| CN115012297A (en) * | 2022-06-10 | 2022-09-06 | 中铁武汉勘察设计院有限公司 | A kind of steel-concrete composite bridge with adjustable height cylindrical head welding stud and construction method |
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