CN110581596B - Multi-source energy storage direct current power supply device and UPS equipment - Google Patents
Multi-source energy storage direct current power supply device and UPS equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN110581596B CN110581596B CN201910816739.2A CN201910816739A CN110581596B CN 110581596 B CN110581596 B CN 110581596B CN 201910816739 A CN201910816739 A CN 201910816739A CN 110581596 B CN110581596 B CN 110581596B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other DC sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/345—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other DC sources, e.g. providing buffering using capacitors as storage or buffering devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
- H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
- H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
- H02J9/061—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems for DC powered loads
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
- Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems
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- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-source energy storage direct current power supply device and UPS equipment. The backup power supply of the UPS equipment comprises the storage battery and the super capacitor, and the cycle life of the super capacitor is far longer than that of the storage battery, so that the super capacitor is preferentially used for supplying power to the direct-current bus when the mains supply is interrupted, and the storage battery supplies power to the direct-current bus when the super capacitor is not powered, so that the utilization rate of the storage battery is reduced to a certain extent, and the service life of the storage battery is prolonged; moreover, when one backup power supply in the super capacitor and the storage battery fails, the other backup power supply can also provide certain backup time for the system to store important data so as to prevent the important data from being lost, thereby improving the integral backup capability of the backup power supply.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of UPS backup power supplies, in particular to a multi-source energy storage direct current power supply device and UPS equipment.
Background
UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply) equipment is widely used in large wind Power main control and converter systems to provide stable and uninterrupted Power Supply to loads in the systems. At present, the working principle of UPS devices is: when the mains supply is normal, the UPS equipment rectifies the mains supply into direct current through the AC/DC converter, and then inverts the direct current into alternating current through the DC/AC converter to supply the alternating current to a system load for use (the purpose of rectification inversion is to stabilize the voltage of the mains supply); when the commercial power is interrupted, the UPS device immediately accesses the direct current stored by the backup power source of the UPS device into a direct current bus (namely a connecting line between the AC/DC converter and the DC/AC converter) in the device so as to be inverted into alternating current by the DC/AC converter to be continuously supplied to a system load for use, thereby providing a certain backup time for the system to store important data and preventing the important data from being lost.
In the prior art, a backup power supply of the UPS equipment is mainly realized by a storage battery. However, due to the characteristics of the storage battery, the cycle service life of the storage battery is short, battery failure is prone to occur, once the storage battery fails, the UPS device loses the backup capability, and if the mains supply is interrupted, power supply of the power grid is abnormal, so that important data are lost due to untimely storage.
Therefore, how to provide a solution to the above technical problem is a problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multi-source energy storage direct current power supply device and UPS equipment, which reduce the utilization rate of a storage battery to a certain extent and prolong the service life of the storage battery; and the integral backup capability of the backup power supply is improved.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a multi-source energy storage direct current power supply device which is applied to UPS equipment and comprises a storage battery and a super capacitor; further comprising:
the battery charging and discharging circuit is respectively connected with a direct current bus in the UPS equipment and the storage battery;
the capacitor charging and discharging circuit is respectively connected with the direct current bus and the super capacitor;
the controller is respectively connected with the battery charging and discharging circuit and the capacitor charging and discharging circuit and is used for controlling the battery charging and discharging circuit and/or the capacitor charging and discharging circuit when the commercial power is normal and correspondingly acquiring electric energy from the direct current bus to charge the storage battery and/or the super capacitor; when the commercial power is interrupted, the capacitor charging and discharging circuit is controlled to obtain electric energy from the super capacitor to supply the electric energy to the direct current bus; when the voltage of the super capacitor is reduced to be lower than the preset capacitor discharge voltage threshold value and the commercial power is still interrupted, the battery charging and discharging circuit is controlled to obtain electric energy from the storage battery to supply the electric energy to the direct current bus until the voltage of the storage battery is reduced to be lower than the preset battery discharge voltage threshold value.
Preferably, the battery charging and discharging circuit comprises a first controllable switch and a second controllable switch; the first controllable switch comprises a first body diode and a first switch tube, and the second controllable switch comprises a second body diode and a second switch tube; wherein:
the cathode of the first body diode is connected with the first end of the first switch tube, the common end of the first body diode is connected with the anode of the direct current bus, the anode of the first body diode is respectively connected with the second end of the first switch tube, the anode of the second body diode and the second end of the second switch tube, the cathode of the second body diode is connected with the first end of the second switch tube, the common end of the second body diode is connected with the anode of the storage battery, the cathode of the storage battery is connected with the cathode of the direct current bus, and the control ends of the first switch tube and the second switch tube are both connected with the controller;
correspondingly, the controller is specifically configured to control the first switching tube to be turned on and control the second switching tube to be turned off when the storage battery is controlled to enter the charging state; and when the storage battery is controlled to enter a discharging state, the first switch tube is controlled to be disconnected and the second switch tube is controlled to be connected.
Preferably, the capacitance charging and discharging circuit includes:
the voltage reduction charging circuit is respectively connected with the direct current bus, the super capacitor and the controller;
the boost discharge circuit is respectively connected with the direct current bus, the super capacitor and the controller;
correspondingly, the controller is specifically configured to control the step-down charging circuit to obtain electric energy from the dc bus and charge the super capacitor after step-down until the super capacitor is fully charged when the super capacitor is controlled to enter a charging state; and when the super capacitor is controlled to enter a discharging state, the boosting discharging circuit is controlled to obtain electric energy from the super capacitor to supply the electric energy to the direct current bus.
Preferably, the capacitor charging and discharging circuit includes a third controllable switch, a fourth controllable switch, a first capacitor, a second capacitor and an inductor; the third controllable switch comprises a third body diode and a third switching tube, and the fourth controllable switch comprises a fourth body diode and a fourth switching tube; wherein:
the control ends of the third switching tube and the fourth switching tube are both connected with the controller, the cathode of the third body diode is respectively connected with the first end of the third switching tube and the first end of the first capacitor, and the common end of the third body diode is connected with the anode of the direct current bus, the anode of the third body diode is respectively connected with the second end of the third switching tube, the cathode of the fourth body diode, the first end of the fourth switching tube and the first end of the inductor, the second end of the inductor is connected with the first end of the second capacitor, and the common end is connected into the anode of the super capacitor, a second end of the second capacitor is respectively connected with an anode of the fourth body diode, a second end of the fourth switching tube and a second end of the first capacitor, and a common end of the second capacitor is respectively connected with a cathode of the direct current bus and a cathode of the super capacitor;
correspondingly, the controller is specifically configured to control the third switching tube to be periodically turned on and control the fourth switching tube to be turned off when the super capacitor is controlled to enter a charging state; and when the super capacitor is controlled to enter a discharging state, the third switching tube is controlled to be disconnected and the fourth switching tube is controlled to be periodically conducted.
Preferably, the multi-source energy storage direct current power supply device further comprises a power supply for supplying power to the controller; the power supply comprises a first diode, a second diode and an auxiliary power supply; wherein:
the anode of the first diode is connected to the anode of the direct-current bus, the anode of the second diode is connected to the anode of the super capacitor, the cathode of the first diode is connected with the cathode of the second diode, the common end of the first diode is connected to the anode of the auxiliary power supply, the anode of the auxiliary power supply is connected with the power supply end of the controller, and the cathode of the auxiliary power supply is connected with the cathode of the super capacitor.
Preferably, the controllable switches in the multi-source energy storage direct-current power supply device are all MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tubes; wherein:
the source electrode of the MOS tube is used as the first end of the controllable switch, the drain electrode of the MOS tube is used as the second end of the controllable switch, and the grid electrode of the MOS tube is used as the control end of the controllable switch.
Preferably, when the utility power is normal, the controller is specifically configured to determine, according to the voltages of the super capacitor and the storage battery, a first backup power source with a lower voltage and a second backup power source with a higher voltage of the super capacitor and the storage battery; control with first charge-discharge circuit that first back-up source corresponds is followed it does to acquire the electric energy on the direct current bus first back-up source charges, until its charging voltage with control behind the second back-up source is balanced first charge-discharge circuit with the second charge-discharge circuit that the second back-up source corresponds, corresponding follow it does to acquire the electric energy on the direct current bus first back-up source with the second back-up source charges.
Preferably, when the utility power is not interrupted, the controller is further configured to control the battery charging and discharging circuit and the capacitor charging and discharging circuit to stop obtaining electric energy from the dc bus when the voltage on the dc bus is smaller than a preset third voltage threshold value, so as to stop charging the storage battery and the super capacitor.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention also provides UPS equipment which comprises any one of the multi-source energy storage direct current power supply devices.
The invention provides a multi-source energy storage direct current power supply device which is applied to UPS equipment. The backup power supply of the UPS equipment comprises the storage battery and the super capacitor, and the cycle life of the super capacitor is far longer than that of the storage battery, so that the super capacitor is preferentially used for supplying power to the direct-current bus when the mains supply is interrupted, and the storage battery supplies power to the direct-current bus when the super capacitor is not powered, so that the utilization rate of the storage battery is reduced to a certain extent, and the service life of the storage battery is prolonged; moreover, when one backup power supply in the super capacitor and the storage battery fails, the other backup power supply can also provide certain backup time for the system to store important data so as to prevent the important data from being lost, thereby improving the integral backup capability of the backup power supply.
The invention also provides UPS equipment which has the same beneficial effect as the multi-source energy storage direct current power supply device.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed in the prior art and the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-source energy storage dc power supply device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-source energy storage dc power supply device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The core of the invention is to provide a multi-source energy storage direct current power supply device and UPS equipment, which reduce the utilization rate of a storage battery to a certain extent and prolong the service life of the storage battery; and the integral backup capability of the backup power supply is improved.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-source energy storage dc power supply device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The multi-source energy storage direct-current power supply device is applied to UPS equipment and comprises a storage battery 1 and a super capacitor 2; further comprising:
a battery charging and discharging circuit 3 respectively connected with a direct current bus and a storage battery 1 in the UPS equipment;
the capacitor charging and discharging circuit 4 is respectively connected with the direct current bus and the super capacitor 2;
the controller 5 is respectively connected with the battery charging and discharging circuit 3 and the capacitor charging and discharging circuit 4 and is used for controlling the battery charging and discharging circuit 3 and/or the capacitor charging and discharging circuit 4 when the mains supply is normal, and correspondingly acquiring electric energy from the direct current bus to charge the storage battery 1 and/or the super capacitor 2; when the commercial power is interrupted, the capacitor charging and discharging circuit 4 is controlled to obtain electric energy from the super capacitor 2 to supply to the direct current bus; when the voltage of the super capacitor 2 is reduced to be lower than the preset capacitor discharge voltage threshold and the commercial power is still interrupted, the battery charging and discharging circuit 3 is controlled to obtain electric energy from the storage battery 1 to supply the electric energy to the direct current bus until the voltage of the storage battery 1 is reduced to be lower than the preset battery discharge voltage threshold.
Specifically, multisource energy storage DC power supply device of this application includes battery 1, super capacitor 2, battery charge and discharge circuit 3, electric capacity charge and discharge circuit 4 and controller 5, and its theory of operation is:
when the mains supply is normal, a backup power supply (a storage battery 1+ a super capacitor 2) of the UPS equipment does not need to supply electric energy to a direct-current bus, but the backup power supply needs to prepare for mains supply interruption in advance, namely the backup power supply needs to be charged in advance. Therefore, when the utility power is normal, if the storage battery 1 needs to be charged (if the voltage Vbatt at the two ends of the storage battery 1 is less than a certain value, the storage battery 1 is considered to need to be charged), the controller 5 may control the battery charging and discharging circuit 3 to obtain the electric energy from the dc bus to charge the storage battery 1. In the process of charging the storage battery 1, the controller 5 detects the voltage Vbatt at two ends of the storage battery 1, and when the voltage Vbatt at two ends of the storage battery 1 reaches a preset full-battery voltage, the battery charging and discharging circuit 3 is controlled to stop obtaining electric energy from the direct-current bus to charge the storage battery 1, so that the charging of the storage battery 1 is finished.
Similarly, if the super capacitor 2 needs to be charged (if the voltage Vcap at the two ends of the super capacitor 2 is smaller than a certain value, the super capacitor 2 is considered to need to be charged), the controller 5 may control the capacitor charging and discharging circuit 4 to obtain electric energy from the dc bus to charge the super capacitor 2. In the charging process of the super capacitor 2, the controller 5 detects the voltage Vcap at the two ends of the super capacitor 2, and when the voltage Vcap at the two ends of the super capacitor 2 reaches the full-charge voltage of the preset capacitor, the capacitor charging and discharging circuit 4 is controlled to stop obtaining electric energy from the direct-current bus to charge the super capacitor 2, so that the charging of the super capacitor 2 is finished. As for the charging sequence strategy of the storage battery 1 and the super capacitor 2, the present application will not be described herein, and the following embodiments will be described in detail.
When the commercial power is interrupted, a backup power supply is needed to supply electric energy to the direct current bus. Considering that the backup power supply of the present application is specifically a dual backup power supply comprising a storage battery 1 and a super capacitor 2, a power supply in a normal state can be selected from the storage battery 1 and the super capacitor 2 as the current backup power supply, but considering that the cycle life of the super capacitor 2 is far longer than that of the storage battery 1, the super capacitor 2 is preferably selected as the current backup power supply, and the storage battery 1 is selected as the current backup power supply when the super capacitor 2 is not charged. When the super capacitor 2 is selected as the current backup power supply, the controller 5 controls the capacitor charging and discharging circuit 4 to obtain electric energy from the super capacitor 2 to supply to the direct current bus, and the discharging operation of the super capacitor 2 is finished until the voltage of the super capacitor 2 is reduced to be lower than a preset capacitor discharging voltage threshold value so as to prevent the over-discharge of the super capacitor 2, and at the moment, the super capacitor 2 is considered to be dead, and the storage battery 1 is controlled to discharge; when the storage battery 1 is selected as the current backup power source, the controller 5 controls the battery charging and discharging circuit 3 to obtain electric energy from the storage battery 1 to supply to the direct current bus, and the discharging operation of the storage battery 1 is finished until the voltage of the storage battery 1 is reduced below the preset battery discharging voltage threshold value, so as to prevent the over-discharge of the storage battery 1. Then, the direct current on the direct current bus is inverted into alternating current through a DC/AC converter in the UPS equipment, and then the alternating current is continuously supplied to a system load for use, so that a certain backup time is provided for the system to store important data, and the important data are prevented from being lost. Therefore, the super capacitor 2 is preferably selected as the current backup power supply, so that the charging and discharging times of the storage battery 1 can be reduced to a certain extent, and the service life of the storage battery 1 is prolonged. Moreover, when one backup power supply in the super capacitor and the storage battery fails, the other backup power supply can also provide certain backup time for the system to store important data so as to prevent the important data from being lost, thereby improving the integral backup capability of the backup power supply.
It should be noted that, the charging operation can also be realized when the super capacitor 2 and the storage battery 1 are directly hung on the dc bus, and the battery charging and discharging circuit 3 and the capacitor charging and discharging circuit 4 are provided in this application, in order to consider that if the super capacitor 2 and the storage battery 1 are directly hung on the dc bus, the voltage of the dc bus is clamped at the voltage of the backup power supply with lower voltage in the two, and the dc bus cannot charge the backup power supply with higher voltage in the two. If the battery charging and discharging circuit 3 and the capacitor charging and discharging circuit 4 are arranged (the working states of the two are controlled by the controller 5), the situation that the voltage of the direct current bus is clamped can be avoided.
The invention provides a multi-source energy storage direct current power supply device which is applied to UPS equipment. The backup power supply of the UPS equipment comprises the storage battery and the super capacitor, and the cycle life of the super capacitor is far longer than that of the storage battery, so that the super capacitor is preferentially used for supplying power to the direct-current bus when the mains supply is interrupted, and the storage battery supplies power to the direct-current bus when the super capacitor is not powered, so that the utilization rate of the storage battery is reduced to a certain extent, and the service life of the storage battery is prolonged; moreover, when one backup power supply in the super capacitor and the storage battery fails, the other backup power supply can also provide certain backup time for the system to store important data so as to prevent the important data from being lost, thereby improving the integral backup capability of the backup power supply.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-source energy storage dc power supply device according to an embodiment of the present invention. On the basis of the above embodiment, the multi-source energy storage direct-current power supply device is as follows:
as an alternative embodiment, the battery charging and discharging circuit 3 comprises a first controllable switch and a second controllable switch; the first controllable switch comprises a first body diode D1 and a first switch tube Q1, and the second controllable switch comprises a second body diode D2 and a second switch tube Q2; wherein:
the cathode of the first body diode D1 and the first end of the first switch tube Q1 are connected, and the common end is connected to the anode of the dc bus, the anode of the first body diode D1 is connected to the second end of the first switch tube Q1, the anode of the second body diode D2 and the second end of the second switch tube Q2, respectively, the cathode of the second body diode D2 and the first end of the second switch tube Q2 are connected, and the common end is connected to the anode of the battery 1, the cathode of the battery 1 is connected to the cathode of the dc bus, and the control ends of the first switch tube Q1 and the second switch tube Q2 are connected to the controller 5;
correspondingly, the controller 5 is specifically configured to control the first switching tube Q1 to be turned on and the second switching tube Q2 to be turned off when the storage battery 1 is controlled to enter the charging state; when the storage battery 1 is controlled to enter a discharging state, the first switch tube Q1 is controlled to be switched off, and the second switch tube Q2 is controlled to be switched on.
Specifically, the battery charging and discharging circuit 3 of the present application includes a first controllable switch (a first body diode D1+ a first switch tube Q1) and a second controllable switch (a second body diode D2+ a second switch tube Q2), and its operation principle is:
when the utility power is normal, if the battery 1 needs to be charged, the controller 5 controls the first switch tube Q1 to be turned on and controls the second switch tube Q2 to be turned off, so that the electric energy on the dc bus can pass through the first switch tube Q1 and the second switch tube Q2
The second body diode D2 enters the battery 1 to charge the battery 1. When the voltage Vbatt across the secondary battery 1 reaches the preset full battery voltage, the controller 5 controls the first switching tube Q1 to be turned off, thereby ending the charging of the secondary battery 1.
When the utility power is interrupted, if the battery 1 is selected as the current backup power, the controller 5 controls the first switch tube Q1 to be switched off and controls the second switch tube Q2 to be switched on, so that the electric energy of the battery 1 can be supplied to the dc bus through the second switch tube Q2 and the first body diode D1, thereby maintaining the dc bus to supply power to the subsequent circuit. When battery 1 loses its backup capability (e.g., voltage Vbatt across battery 1 is lower than a certain value, which is considered to be loss of backup capability), controller 5 controls second switching tube Q2 to open, thereby ending battery 1 supplying power to the dc bus.
As an alternative embodiment, the capacitance charging and discharging circuit 4 includes:
the voltage reduction charging circuit is respectively connected with the direct current bus, the super capacitor 2 and the controller 5;
the boost discharge circuit is respectively connected with the direct current bus, the super capacitor 2 and the controller 5;
correspondingly, the controller 5 is specifically configured to control the step-down charging circuit to obtain electric energy from the dc bus and charge the super capacitor 2 after step-down until the super capacitor 2 is fully charged when the super capacitor 2 is controlled to enter the charging state; when the super capacitor 2 is controlled to enter a discharging state, the boosting discharging circuit is controlled to obtain electric energy from the super capacitor 2 to supply to the direct current bus.
Specifically, the capacitor charging and discharging circuit 4 of the present application includes a step-down charging circuit and a step-up discharging circuit, and its operating principle is:
considering that the voltage at the two ends of the super capacitor 2 is not enough for the direct current bus, the super capacitor 2 is provided with the boost discharge circuit to improve the utilization rate of the super capacitor 2, and the super capacitor 2 is provided with the buck charge circuit to reasonably charge the super capacitor 2.
When the mains supply is normal, if the super capacitor 2 needs to be charged, the controller 5 controls the voltage reduction charging circuit to obtain electric energy from the direct current bus and charge the super capacitor 2 after voltage reduction. When the voltage Vcap at the two ends of the super capacitor 2 reaches the full-charge voltage of the preset capacitor, the controller 5 controls the step-down charging circuit to stop obtaining electric energy from the direct-current bus to charge the super capacitor 2, so that the charging of the super capacitor 2 is finished.
When the commercial power is interrupted, if the super capacitor 2 is selected as the current backup power supply, the controller 5 controls the boost discharge circuit to obtain electric energy from the super capacitor 2 to supply the electric energy to the direct current bus, so that the direct current bus is maintained to supply power for the subsequent circuit. When the super capacitor 2 loses the backup capability (if the voltage Vcap at the two ends of the super capacitor 2 is lower than a certain value, the super capacitor 2 is considered to lose the backup capability), the controller 5 controls the boost discharge circuit to stop obtaining electric energy from the super capacitor 2 to supply to the direct current bus, and therefore the super capacitor 2 is finished supplying power to the direct current bus.
As an alternative embodiment, the capacitor charging and discharging circuit 4 includes a third controllable switch, a fourth controllable switch, a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, and an inductor L; the third controllable switch comprises a third body diode D3 and a third switching tube Q3, and the fourth controllable switch comprises a fourth body diode D4 and a fourth switching tube Q4; wherein:
the control ends of the third switching tube Q3 and the fourth switching tube Q4 are both connected with the controller 5, the cathode of the third body diode D3 is connected with the first end of the third switching tube Q3 and the first end of the first capacitor C1 respectively, and the common end is connected to the anode of the dc bus, the anode of the third body diode D3 is connected with the second end of the third switching tube Q3, the cathode of the fourth body diode D4, the first end of the fourth switching tube Q4 and the first end of the inductor L respectively, the second end of the inductor L is connected with the first end of the second capacitor C2 and the common end is connected to the anode of the super capacitor 2, the second end of the second capacitor C2 is connected with the anode of the fourth body diode D4, the second end of the fourth switching tube Q4 and the second end of the first capacitor C1 respectively, and the common end is connected to the cathode of the dc bus and the cathode of the super capacitor 2 respectively;
correspondingly, the controller 5 is specifically configured to control the third switching tube Q3 to be periodically turned on and control the fourth switching tube Q4 to be turned off when the super capacitor 2 is controlled to enter the charging state; when the super capacitor 2 is controlled to enter the discharging state, the third switching tube Q3 is controlled to be switched off, and the fourth switching tube Q4 is controlled to be periodically switched on.
Further, the capacitor charging and discharging circuit 4 of the present application includes a third controllable switch (a third body diode D3+ a third switching tube Q3), a fourth controllable switch (a fourth body diode D4+ a fourth switching tube Q4), a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, and an inductor L, and its operating principle is:
according to the charge-reducing circuit, the first capacitor C1, the third switching tube Q3, the fourth body diode D4, the inductor L and the second capacitor C2 form a step-down charging circuit, and the second capacitor C2, the inductor L, the fourth switching tube Q4, the third body diode D3 and the first capacitor C1 form a step-up discharging circuit. Therefore, the buck charging circuit and the boost discharging circuit share the first capacitor C1, the second capacitor C2 and the inductor L, and therefore cost is saved.
When the utility power is normal, if the super capacitor 2 needs to be charged, the controller 5 controls the third switching tube Q3 to be periodically turned on and controls the fourth switching tube Q4 to be turned off, so as to obtain the electric energy from the dc bus and charge the super capacitor 2 after the voltage is reduced. When the voltage Vcap across the super capacitor 2 reaches the preset capacitor full-charge voltage, the controller 5 controls the third switching tube Q3 to be turned off, thereby ending the charging of the super capacitor 2.
When the commercial power is interrupted, under the condition that the super capacitor 2 has the backup capability, the super capacitor 2 can supply power to the direct current bus through the inductor L and the third body diode D3 at the first time, so that seamless switching of the direct current bus power supply is realized. Meanwhile, the controller 5 controls the third switching tube Q3 to be disconnected and controls the fourth switching tube Q4 to be periodically conducted, so that electric energy is obtained from the super capacitor 2 and is supplied to the direct current bus after being boosted, and the power supply capacity of the super capacitor 2 is improved. When the super capacitor 2 loses the backup capability, the controller 5 controls the fourth switching tube Q4 to be disconnected, so that the super capacitor 2 is finished supplying power to the direct current bus.
As an optional embodiment, the multi-source energy storage dc power supply device further includes a power supply for supplying power to the controller 5; the power supply comprises a first diode D11, a second diode D12 and an auxiliary power supply 6; wherein:
the anode of the first diode D11 is connected to the anode of the DC bus, the anode of the second diode D12 is connected to the anode of the super capacitor 2, the cathode of the first diode D11 is connected to the cathode of the second diode D12, the common terminal is connected to the anode of the auxiliary power supply 6, the anode of the auxiliary power supply 6 is connected to the power supply terminal of the controller 5, and the cathode of the auxiliary power supply 6 is connected to the cathode of the super capacitor 2.
Further, the multi-source energy storage dc power supply device of the present application further includes a first diode D11, a second diode D12 and an auxiliary power supply 6, and the working principle thereof is:
the auxiliary power supply 6 gets electricity and stores energy from the direct current bus through the first diode D11, gets electricity and stores energy from the super capacitor 2 through the second diode D12, so the auxiliary power supply 6 chooses two ways to get electricity, because the auxiliary power supply 6 supplies power for the controller 5, when one way of electric energy is interrupted, the other way of electric energy can be used, thereby the power supply backup capability of the controller 5 is improved.
In addition, the controller 5 of the present application may be selected from but not limited to an MCU (micro controller Unit), and the present application is not limited thereto.
As an optional embodiment, the controllable switches in the multi-source energy storage direct-current power supply device are all MOS transistors; wherein:
the source electrode of the MOS tube is used as the first end of the controllable switch, the drain electrode of the MOS tube is used as the second end of the controllable switch, and the grid electrode of the MOS tube is used as the control end of the controllable switch.
Specifically, the controllable switch of the present application can be selected from, but not limited to, MOS transistors, and the present application is not particularly limited thereto, and only the switch function mentioned in the above embodiments is correspondingly satisfied.
As an optional embodiment, when the utility power is normal, the controller 5 is specifically configured to determine, according to the voltages of the super capacitor 2 and the storage battery 1, a first backup power source with a lower voltage and a second backup power source with a higher voltage; and controlling a first charging and discharging circuit corresponding to the first backup power source to acquire electric energy from the direct current bus to charge the first backup power source, controlling the first charging and discharging circuit and a second charging and discharging circuit corresponding to the second backup power source after the charging voltage of the first charging and discharging circuit is balanced with the second backup power source, and correspondingly acquiring electric energy from the direct current bus to charge the first backup power source and the second backup power source.
Specifically, when the super capacitor 2 and the storage battery 1 both need to be charged, the charging sequence strategies of the super capacitor 2 and the storage battery 1 are set as follows: firstly, comparing the voltages of the super capacitor 2 and the storage battery 1, and determining a first backup power supply with lower voltage and a second backup power supply with higher voltage in the super capacitor and the storage battery; then, the first backup power supply with lower voltage is charged firstly, and when the first backup power supply with lower voltage is charged to be balanced with the second backup power supply with higher voltage (the voltages of the first backup power supply and the second backup power supply are approximately equal, the voltages of the first backup power supply and the second backup power supply are considered to be balanced), the first backup power supply and the second backup power supply are charged simultaneously, and the charging time is saved.
For example, the voltage of the super capacitor 2 is less than the voltage of the storage battery 1, when the super capacitor 2 and the storage battery 1 need to be charged, the controller 5 controls the capacitor charging and discharging circuit 4 to obtain electric energy from the dc bus to charge the super capacitor 2, and when the voltage of the super capacitor 2 is balanced with the voltage of the storage battery 1, the controller 5 not only controls the capacitor charging and discharging circuit 4 to obtain electric energy from the dc bus to charge the super capacitor 2, but also controls the battery charging and discharging circuit 3 to obtain electric energy from the dc bus to charge the storage battery 1, so that the super capacitor and the storage battery are charged simultaneously.
As an optional embodiment, when the utility power is not interrupted, the controller 5 is further configured to control the battery charging and discharging circuit 3 and the capacitor charging and discharging circuit 4 to stop obtaining electric energy from the dc bus to stop charging the storage battery 1 and the super capacitor 2 when the voltage on the dc bus is smaller than a preset third voltage threshold.
Further, considering that the voltage Vdc on the dc bus is low, it can only meet or even cannot meet the power supply requirement of the system load, so the present application does not charge the storage battery 1 and the super capacitor 2 any more, and only supplies power to the system load when the voltage of the dc bus is low. Specifically, the present application sets a third voltage threshold, which is considered to be: and when the voltage Vdc of the direct current bus is less than the set third voltage threshold value, the direct current bus only supplies power for the system load. Therefore, when the commercial power is not interrupted, if the voltage on the direct current bus is smaller than the preset third voltage threshold, the controller 5 controls the battery charging and discharging circuit 3 and the capacitor charging and discharging circuit 4 to stop obtaining electric energy from the direct current bus, so as to stop charging the storage battery 1 and the super capacitor 2.
In addition, the controller 5 of the present application may further obtain the current Idc on the dc bus, so as to calculate the capacity of the battery 1 according to the current Idc, the voltage Vbatt across the battery 1, and the discharge time of the battery 1, and further know the capacity fading condition of the battery 1.
The invention also provides UPS equipment comprising any one of the multi-source energy storage direct current power supply devices.
For introduction of the UPS apparatus provided in the present application, please refer to the above-mentioned embodiment of the multi-source energy-storage dc power supply apparatus, which is not described herein again.
It is further noted that, in the present specification, relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (7)
1. A multi-source energy storage direct current power supply device is characterized in that the device is applied to UPS equipment and comprises a storage battery and a super capacitor; further comprising:
the battery charging and discharging circuit is respectively connected with a direct current bus in the UPS equipment and the storage battery;
the capacitor charging and discharging circuit is respectively connected with the direct current bus and the super capacitor;
the controller is respectively connected with the battery charging and discharging circuit and the capacitor charging and discharging circuit and is used for controlling the battery charging and discharging circuit and/or the capacitor charging and discharging circuit when the commercial power is normal and correspondingly acquiring electric energy from the direct current bus to charge the storage battery and/or the super capacitor; when the commercial power is interrupted, the capacitor charging and discharging circuit is controlled to obtain electric energy from the super capacitor to supply the electric energy to the direct current bus; when the voltage of the super capacitor is reduced to be below a preset capacitor discharge voltage threshold and the commercial power is still interrupted, the battery charge-discharge circuit is controlled to obtain electric energy from the storage battery to supply the electric energy to the direct current bus until the voltage of the storage battery is reduced to be below a preset battery discharge voltage threshold;
the battery charging and discharging circuit comprises a first controllable switch and a second controllable switch; the first controllable switch comprises a first body diode and a first switch tube, and the second controllable switch comprises a second body diode and a second switch tube; wherein:
the cathode of the first body diode is connected with the first end of the first switch tube, the common end of the first body diode is connected with the anode of the direct current bus, the anode of the first body diode is respectively connected with the second end of the first switch tube, the anode of the second body diode and the second end of the second switch tube, the cathode of the second body diode is connected with the first end of the second switch tube, the common end of the second body diode is connected with the anode of the storage battery, the cathode of the storage battery is connected with the cathode of the direct current bus, and the control ends of the first switch tube and the second switch tube are both connected with the controller;
correspondingly, the controller is specifically configured to control the first switching tube to be turned on and control the second switching tube to be turned off when the storage battery is controlled to enter the charging state; when the storage battery is controlled to enter a discharging state, the first switch tube is controlled to be disconnected and the second switch tube is controlled to be connected;
the multi-source energy storage direct-current power supply device also comprises a power supply for supplying power to the controller; the power supply comprises a first diode, a second diode and an auxiliary power supply; wherein:
the anode of the first diode is connected with the anode of the direct-current bus and the battery charging and discharging circuit respectively, the anode of the second diode is connected with the anode of the super capacitor, the cathode of the first diode is connected with the cathode of the second diode, the public end of the first diode is connected with the anode of the auxiliary power supply, the anode of the auxiliary power supply is connected with the power supply end of the controller, and the cathode of the auxiliary power supply is connected with the cathode of the super capacitor.
2. The multi-source energy-storage dc power supply of claim 1, wherein the capacitive charge-discharge circuit comprises:
the voltage reduction charging circuit is respectively connected with the direct current bus, the super capacitor and the controller;
the boost discharge circuit is respectively connected with the direct current bus, the super capacitor and the controller;
correspondingly, the controller is specifically configured to control the step-down charging circuit to obtain electric energy from the dc bus and charge the super capacitor after step-down until the super capacitor is fully charged when the super capacitor is controlled to enter a charging state; and when the super capacitor is controlled to enter a discharging state, the boosting discharging circuit is controlled to obtain electric energy from the super capacitor to supply the electric energy to the direct current bus.
3. The multi-source energy storage dc power supply device according to claim 2, wherein the capacitor charging and discharging circuit comprises a third controllable switch, a fourth controllable switch, a first capacitor, a second capacitor and an inductor; the third controllable switch comprises a third body diode and a third switching tube, and the fourth controllable switch comprises a fourth body diode and a fourth switching tube; wherein:
the control ends of the third switching tube and the fourth switching tube are both connected with the controller, the cathode of the third body diode is respectively connected with the first end of the third switching tube and the first end of the first capacitor, and the common end of the third body diode is connected with the anode of the direct current bus, the anode of the third body diode is respectively connected with the second end of the third switching tube, the cathode of the fourth body diode, the first end of the fourth switching tube and the first end of the inductor, the second end of the inductor is connected with the first end of the second capacitor, and the common end is connected into the anode of the super capacitor, a second end of the second capacitor is respectively connected with an anode of the fourth body diode, a second end of the fourth switching tube and a second end of the first capacitor, and a common end of the second capacitor is respectively connected with a cathode of the direct current bus and a cathode of the super capacitor;
correspondingly, the controller is specifically configured to control the third switching tube to be periodically turned on and control the fourth switching tube to be turned off when the super capacitor is controlled to enter a charging state; and when the super capacitor is controlled to enter a discharging state, the third switching tube is controlled to be disconnected and the fourth switching tube is controlled to be periodically conducted.
4. The multi-source energy storage direct-current power supply device according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the controllable switches in the multi-source energy storage direct-current power supply device are all MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tubes; wherein:
the source electrode of the MOS tube is used as the first end of the controllable switch, the drain electrode of the MOS tube is used as the second end of the controllable switch, and the grid electrode of the MOS tube is used as the control end of the controllable switch.
5. The multi-source energy storage direct-current power supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein when the utility power is normal, the controller is specifically configured to determine a first backup power source with a lower voltage and a second backup power source with a higher voltage according to the voltages of the super capacitor and the storage battery; control with first charge-discharge circuit that first back-up source corresponds is followed it does to acquire the electric energy on the direct current bus first back-up source charges, until its charging voltage with control behind the second back-up source is balanced first charge-discharge circuit with the second charge-discharge circuit that the second back-up source corresponds, corresponding follow it does to acquire the electric energy on the direct current bus first back-up source with the second back-up source charges.
6. The multi-source energy-storage direct-current power supply device according to claim 5, wherein when the utility power is not interrupted, the controller is further configured to control the battery charging and discharging circuit and the capacitor charging and discharging circuit to stop obtaining electric energy from the direct-current bus when the voltage on the direct-current bus is smaller than a preset third voltage threshold value, so as to stop charging the storage battery and the super capacitor.
7. A UPS device, characterized in that, comprising a multi-source energy storage DC power supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
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