CN110578164A - Electrochemical polishing electrolyte for titanium and titanium alloy and use method thereof - Google Patents
Electrochemical polishing electrolyte for titanium and titanium alloy and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110578164A CN110578164A CN201810596952.2A CN201810596952A CN110578164A CN 110578164 A CN110578164 A CN 110578164A CN 201810596952 A CN201810596952 A CN 201810596952A CN 110578164 A CN110578164 A CN 110578164A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25F—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC REMOVAL OF MATERIALS FROM OBJECTS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25F3/00—Electrolytic etching or polishing
- C25F3/16—Polishing
- C25F3/22—Polishing of heavy metals
- C25F3/26—Polishing of heavy metals of refractory metals
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Abstract
The invention provides an electrochemical polishing electrolyte for titanium and titanium alloy, which comprises phosphoric acid, 1-hydroxyethylidene-1, 1-diphosphonic acid, glycerol and organic metal salt, wherein the concentration of the phosphoric acid is 200-1200 g/L, the concentration of the 1-hydroxyethylidene-1, 1-diphosphonic acid is 200-1000 g/L, the concentration of the glycerol is 50-120 g/L, and the concentration of the organic metal salt is 10-100 g/L. The electrochemical polishing electrolyte for titanium and titanium alloy does not contain components which are toxic and harmful to human bodies and the environment, is safe to operate and is relatively environment-friendly. The invention also provides a use method of the electrochemical polishing electrolyte for titanium and titanium alloy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an electrochemical polishing electrolyte and a using method thereof, in particular to an electrochemical polishing electrolyte of titanium and titanium alloy and a using method thereof.
Background
Titanium and titanium alloy have a great deal of excellent properties such as high specific strength, small specific gravity, good corrosion resistance and the like, and are widely applied to the fields of medical appliances, aerospace, chemical machinery, daily necessities and the like. Titanium is a metal with very active chemical properties, and titanium alloy parts are inevitably polluted in the early processing process, so that the surface of the titanium and titanium alloy parts not only has a natural oxidation film, but also has a pollution layer. Surface finishing is often required for aesthetic and decorative purposes. Among the polishing techniques, electrochemical polishing has been widely used in industry because of its advantages of high efficiency, high precision, high speed, low labor intensity, no hardened layer on the surface, corrosion resistance, high reflectivity, etc.
In the conventional electrochemical polishing electrolyte for titanium and titanium alloy, hydrofluoric acid, perchloric acid, ether acid, methanol and other chemicals which are volatile, highly irritant and harmful and toxic to human body and environment are often used as basic electrolytes. The electrolyte not only increases the operation risk, but also has serious influence on human bodies and the environment, and is not environment-friendly.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, it is desirable to provide an electrolyte for electrochemical polishing of titanium and titanium alloys and a method for using the same to solve the above problems.
The electrochemical polishing electrolyte comprises phosphoric acid, 1-hydroxyethylidene-1, 1-diphosphonic acid, glycerol and organic metal salt, wherein the concentration of the phosphoric acid is 200-1200 g/L, the concentration of the 1-hydroxyethylidene-1, 1-diphosphonic acid is 200-1000 g/L, the concentration of the glycerol is 50-120 g/L, and the concentration of the organic metal salt is 10-100 g/L.
A method for using electrochemical polishing electrolyte of titanium and titanium alloy selects a direct current stabilized power supply as a power supply for electrochemical polishing, taking titanium or titanium alloy to be polished as an anode, taking a stainless steel plate, a titanium plate or graphite as a cathode, immersing the anode and the cathode into electrochemical polishing electrolyte of the titanium and the titanium alloy, the electrochemical polishing electrolyte of titanium and titanium alloy comprises phosphoric acid, 1-hydroxyethylidene-1, 1-diphosphonic acid, glycerol and organic metal salt, the concentration of the phosphoric acid is 200-1200 g/L, the concentration of the 1-hydroxyethylidene-1, 1-diphosphonic acid is 200-1000 g/L, the concentration of the glycerol is 50-120 g/L, the concentration of the organic metal salt is 10-100 g/L, a power supply is switched on, and a constant voltage mode is selected for electrochemical polishing.
The electrochemical polishing electrolyte for titanium and titanium alloy can realize effective polishing, so that the surfaces of titanium and titanium alloy are smooth and clean. The electrochemical polishing electrolyte for titanium and titanium alloy does not contain components which are toxic and harmful to human bodies and the environment, is safe to operate and is relatively environment-friendly.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides an electrochemical polishing electrolyte for titanium and titanium alloy, which comprises phosphoric acid, 1-hydroxyethylidene-1, 1-diphosphonic acid, glycerol and organic metal salt, wherein the concentration of the phosphoric acid is 200-1200 g/L, the concentration of the 1-hydroxyethylidene-1, 1-diphosphonic acid is 200-1000 g/L, the concentration of the glycerol is 50-120 g/L, and the concentration of the organic metal salt is 10-100 g/L.
The organic metal salt can be one or more of tartrate, citrate, gluconate and the like. The organic metal salt is used as an additive, so that the conductivity of the electrochemical polishing electrolyte can be improved, the complexing effect with titanium ions can be formed, and the polishing speed is further improved.
The electrochemical polishing electrolyte of titanium and titanium alloy forms a polynuclear polymer complex with a smaller diffusion speed with titanium ions dissolved from titanium or titanium alloy, can completely remove a natural oxide film and a pollution layer of titanium and titanium alloy, and provides a smooth and clean surface for a subsequent anodic oxidation process. The electrochemical polishing electrolyte for titanium and titanium alloy does not contain toxic and harmful substances such as hydrofluoric acid, chromic acid, perchloric acid and the like, and meets the requirement of environmental protection.
When the electrochemical polishing electrolyte of titanium and titanium alloy is prepared, phosphoric acid, 1-hydroxyethylidene-1, 1-diphosphonic acid and glycerol are mixed according to a proportion, and then organic metal salt is added and stirred uniformly.
The invention also provides a use method of the electrochemical polishing electrolyte for titanium and titanium alloy, which comprises the following steps: the constant temperature of the electrochemical polishing electrolyte is selected from 10-35 ℃, a direct-current stabilized power supply is selected as a power supply for electrochemical polishing, titanium or titanium alloy to be polished is used as an anode, a stainless steel plate, a titanium plate or graphite is used as a cathode, the anode and the cathode are immersed in the electrochemical polishing electrolyte, the power supply is switched on, and a constant voltage mode is selected for electrochemical polishing. In the constant voltage mode, the adjustable range of the voltage is 5-20V, and the time of electrochemical polishing is 5-40 seconds.
Because the electrochemical polishing electrolyte can work better under the stirring condition, when in use, the electrochemical polishing electrolyte can be applied with magnetic stirring, air compression stirring or the electrochemical polishing electrolyte can reciprocate.
And immediately rinsing the titanium or the titanium alloy by using 5-30% by mass of aqueous hydrogen peroxide after polishing, and violently shaking for 30-60 seconds.
The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to examples.
Example 1
And S1, preprocessing.
And (2) cleaning a TC4 titanium alloy refined sample with the size of 80mm multiplied by 15mm multiplied by 4mm by degreasing agent and deionized water in sequence, and then blowing the sample to be dry by using an air gun for later use.
And S2, preparing an electrolyte.
Preparing electrochemical polishing electrolyte of the titanium alloy, wherein the electrochemical polishing electrolyte comprises phosphoric acid, 1-hydroxyethylidene-1, 1-diphosphonic acid, glycerol and sodium tartrate, the concentration of the phosphoric acid is 200g/L, the concentration of the 1-hydroxyethylidene-1, 1-diphosphonic acid is 1000g/L, the concentration of the glycerol is 50g/L, and the concentration of the sodium tartrate is 100 g/L.
When preparing the electrochemical polishing electrolyte, firstly mixing phosphoric acid, 1-hydroxyethylidene-1, 1-diphosphonic acid and glycerol in proportion, then adding sodium tartrate and stirring uniformly.
And S3, electrochemical polishing.
Selecting a direct current stabilized power supply as a power supply for electrochemical polishing, taking titanium alloy to be polished as an anode and graphite as a cathode, immersing the anode and the cathode into electrochemical polishing electrolyte, and switching on the power supply. Electrochemical polishing was carried out under the following operating conditions: the electrochemical polishing electrolyte is stirred magnetically at the temperature of 10 ℃, the voltage of 20V and the polishing time of 40 seconds.
And S4, post-processing.
And immediately putting the sample after the electrochemical polishing into 5 mass percent aqueous hydrogen peroxide for rinsing, violently shaking, and washing with pure water after 60 seconds.
Example 2
And S1, preprocessing.
And (2) cleaning a TC4 titanium alloy refined sample with the size of 80mm multiplied by 15mm multiplied by 4mm by degreasing agent and deionized water in sequence, and then blowing the sample to be dry by using an air gun for later use.
S2, preparing electrochemical polishing electrolyte.
Preparing an electrochemical polishing electrolyte of the titanium alloy, wherein the electrochemical polishing electrolyte comprises phosphoric acid, 1-hydroxyethylidene-1, 1-diphosphonic acid, glycerol and sodium citrate, the concentration of the phosphoric acid is 500g/L, the concentration of the 1-hydroxyethylidene-1, 1-diphosphonic acid is 500g/L, the concentration of the glycerol is 100g/L, and the concentration of the sodium citrate is 20 g/L.
When preparing the electrochemical polishing electrolyte, firstly mixing phosphoric acid, 1-hydroxyethylidene-1, 1-diphosphonic acid and glycerol in proportion, then adding sodium citrate and stirring uniformly.
And S3, electrochemical polishing.
Selecting a direct current stabilized power supply as a power supply for electrochemical polishing, taking titanium alloy to be polished as an anode and graphite as a cathode, immersing the anode and the cathode into electrochemical polishing electrolyte, and switching on the power supply. Electrochemical polishing was carried out under the following operating conditions: the electrochemical polishing electrolyte is stirred magnetically at the temperature of 20 ℃, the voltage of 10V and the polishing time of 16 seconds.
And S4, post-processing.
And immediately putting the sample after the electrochemical polishing into 10 mass percent aqueous hydrogen peroxide for rinsing, violently shaking, and washing with pure water after 40 seconds.
Example 3
And S1, preprocessing.
And (2) cleaning a TC4 titanium alloy refined sample with the size of 80mm multiplied by 15mm multiplied by 4mm by degreasing agent and deionized water in sequence, and then blowing the sample to be dry by using an air gun for later use.
And S2, preparing an electrolyte.
Preparing an electrochemical polishing electrolyte of a titanium alloy, wherein the electrochemical polishing electrolyte comprises phosphoric acid, 1-hydroxyethylidene-1, 1-diphosphonic acid, glycerol and sodium gluconate, the concentration of the phosphoric acid is 1200g/L, the concentration of the 1-hydroxyethylidene-1, 1-diphosphonic acid is 200g/L, the concentration of the glycerol is 120g/L, and the concentration of the sodium gluconate is 10 g/L.
When the electrochemical polishing electrolyte is prepared, phosphoric acid, 1-hydroxyethylidene-1, 1-diphosphonic acid and glycerol are mixed in proportion, and then sodium gluconate is added and stirred uniformly.
And S3, electrochemical polishing.
Selecting a direct current stabilized power supply as a power supply for electrochemical polishing, taking titanium alloy to be polished as an anode and graphite as a cathode, immersing the anode and the cathode into electrochemical polishing electrolyte, and switching on the power supply. Electrochemical polishing was carried out under the following operating conditions: and (3) applying magnetic stirring to the electrochemical polishing electrolyte, wherein the temperature of the electrochemical polishing electrolyte is 35 ℃, the voltage is 5V, and the polishing time is 5 seconds.
And S4, post-processing.
And immediately putting the sample after the electrochemical polishing into 30 mass percent aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution for rinsing, violently shaking, and washing with pure water after 30 seconds.
In the above examples 1, 2 and 3, the titanium alloy samples after the electrochemical polishing treatment all have smooth and clean surfaces.
The electrochemical polishing electrolyte for titanium and titanium alloy can effectively polish the titanium and the titanium alloy, and completely remove a natural oxide film and a pollution layer on the surface of the titanium and the titanium alloy, so that the surface of the titanium and the titanium alloy is smooth and clean. The electrochemical polishing electrolyte for titanium and titanium alloy does not contain toxic and harmful components to human body and environment, is safe to operate, has easy treatment of waste liquid, and is relatively environment-friendly. The use method of the electrochemical polishing electrolyte for titanium and titanium alloy has the characteristics of convenience in operation, simple solution components, low cost and the like, and is a green and safe anodic oxidation pretreatment method.
In addition, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that other various corresponding changes and modifications can be made according to the technical idea of the present invention, and all such changes and modifications should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. An electrochemical polishing electrolyte for titanium and titanium alloy is characterized in that: the electrochemical polishing electrolyte comprises phosphoric acid, 1-hydroxyethylidene-1, 1-diphosphonic acid, glycerol and organic metal salt, wherein the concentration of the phosphoric acid is 200-1200 g/L, the concentration of the 1-hydroxyethylidene-1, 1-diphosphonic acid is 200-1000 g/L, the concentration of the glycerol is 50-120 g/L, and the concentration of the organic metal salt is 10-100 g/L.
2. The electrochemical polishing electrolyte solution for titanium and titanium alloys according to claim 1, wherein: the organic metal salt is selected from one or more of tartrate, citrate and gluconate.
3. The use method of the electrochemical polishing electrolyte of titanium and titanium alloy is characterized in that: selecting a direct current stabilized power supply as a power supply for electrochemical polishing, taking titanium or titanium alloy to be polished as an anode, taking a stainless steel plate, a titanium plate or graphite as a cathode, immersing the anode and the cathode into the electrochemical polishing electrolyte of the titanium and the titanium alloy according to claim 1, switching on the power supply, and selecting a constant voltage mode for electrochemical polishing.
4. The method of using the electrolyte for electrochemical polishing of titanium and titanium alloys according to claim 3, wherein: the constant temperature of the electrochemical polishing electrolyte is 10-35 ℃.
5. The method of using the electrolyte for electrochemical polishing of titanium and titanium alloys according to claim 3, wherein: in the constant voltage mode, the adjustable range of the voltage is 5-20V, and the time of electrochemical polishing is 5-40 seconds.
6. The method of using the electrolyte for electrochemical polishing of titanium and titanium alloys according to claim 3, wherein: applying magnetic stirring, air compression stirring, or reciprocating the electrochemical polishing electrolyte.
7. The method of using the electrolyte for electrochemical polishing of titanium and titanium alloys according to claim 3, wherein: and after the electrochemical polishing is finished, rinsing the titanium or the titanium alloy by using a hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution with the mass percent of 5-30%.
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Application publication date: 20191217 |