CN110561190B - Testing method of space circular trajectory for five-axis linkage motion accuracy of continuous five-axis CNC machine tools - Google Patents
Testing method of space circular trajectory for five-axis linkage motion accuracy of continuous five-axis CNC machine tools Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种连续五轴数控机床五轴联动运动精度空间圆形轨迹测试法，包括以下步骤：1）获取空间圆形运动轨迹：以坐标系原点为圆心，以X、Y、Z轴直线运动最小行程的30%～60%为直径绘制一个位于水平面上方的圆弧线，该圆弧线即为空间圆形运动轨迹；2）根据空间圆形运动轨迹为参考目标曲线，对连续五轴数控机床进行编程，实现主轴和转台同步按圆弧形轨迹运行；3）调试五轴数控机床按既定轨迹运行；4）在主轴和工作台之间安装球杆仪，球杆仪即可直观测量五轴数控机床五轴联动的运动精度。该方法可以分别检测连续五轴数控机床在X、Y、Z轴方向上的五轴联动运动偏差，可以科学、合理、清晰的判断连续五轴数控机床的五轴联动性能。
The invention relates to a method for testing the spatial circular trajectory of the five-axis linkage motion accuracy of a continuous five-axis numerically-controlled machine tool. 30% to 60% of the minimum movement stroke is to draw a circular arc line above the horizontal plane as the diameter, and the circular arc line is the circular motion trajectory in space; 2) According to the circular motion trajectory in space as the reference target curve, for the continuous five-axis The CNC machine tool is programmed to realize the synchronous operation of the spindle and the turntable according to the arc trajectory; 3) Debug the five-axis CNC machine tool to run according to the established trajectory; 4) Install a ballbar between the spindle and the worktable, and the ballbar can measure intuitively The motion accuracy of the five-axis linkage of five-axis CNC machine tools. The method can respectively detect the five-axis linkage movement deviation of continuous five-axis CNC machine tools in the directions of X, Y, and Z axes, and can scientifically, reasonably and clearly judge the five-axis linkage performance of continuous five-axis CNC machine tools.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a space circular track testing method for five-axis linkage motion precision of a continuous five-axis numerical control machine tool, belonging to the technology of machine tool comprehensive precision detection.
Background
At present, in the field of domestic detection of a continuous five-axis numerical control machine tool (including a true five-axis and a false five-axis), a performance test method suitable for all forms of continuous five-axis numerical control machine tools does not exist, so that the detection value of the five-axis linkage precision of the continuous five-axis numerical control machine tool is often not standard, not uniform and cannot faithfully reflect the five-axis linkage performance of the numerical control machine tool.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a space circular track test method for five-axis linkage motion precision of a continuous five-axis numerical control machine, which can respectively detect five-axis linkage motion deviation of the continuous five-axis numerical control machine in the direction of X, Y, Z axes and can scientifically, reasonably and clearly judge five-axis linkage performance of the continuous five-axis numerical control machine.
In order to solve the above problems, the specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a method for testing five-axis linkage motion precision space circular track of a continuous five-axis numerical control machine tool comprises the following steps:
1) obtaining a spatial circular motion track: setting a reference surface, wherein included angles between the reference surface and the X-O-Z plane and the X-O-Y plane are both 45 degrees, and the reference surface is superposed with the Y axis; drawing an arc line above a horizontal plane by taking the origin of a coordinate system as the center of a circle and taking 30-60% of the minimum stroke of the linear motion of the X, Y, Z axis as the diameter, wherein the arc line is a space circular motion track;
2) programming a continuous five-axis numerical control machine tool according to the spatial circular motion track as a reference target curve to realize that a main shaft and a rotary table synchronously run according to a circular arc track;
3) debugging a five-axis numerical control machine tool to run according to a set track, wherein the five-axis numerical control machine tool runs clockwise and anticlockwise, and a starting point and an ending point of the motion are arranged at the head and tail end points of an arc;
4) and a ball rod instrument is arranged between the main shaft and the workbench, and the program is started again, so that the ball rod instrument can visually measure the motion precision of the five-axis linkage of the five-axis numerical control machine tool.
The method for testing the space circular track of the five-axis linkage motion precision of the continuous five-axis numerical control machine tool comprises the step 2), after the main shaft of the continuous five-axis numerical control machine tool is programmed, X, Y, Z axis data can be respectively deviated by a certain length L according to the axis direction, and the distance of the L is the length of a ball arm instrument.
The space circular track testing method for the five-axis linkage motion precision of the continuous five-axis numerical control machine tool adopts a space circular motion precision detection method, is simple in description, clear and easy to understand, mainly aims at the linkage motion track precision of five linkage shafts of the continuous five-axis numerical control machine tool, and is strong in adaptability and strong in operability when the linkage motion performance of the continuous five-axis numerical control machine tool is evaluated.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a spatial circular trajectory according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, a method for testing a five-axis linkage motion precision space circular track of a continuous five-axis numerical control machine tool comprises the following steps:
1) obtaining a spatial circular motion track: setting a reference surface, wherein included angles between the reference surface and the X-O-Z plane and the X-O-Y plane are both 45 degrees, and the reference surface is superposed with the Y axis; drawing an arc line above a horizontal plane by taking the origin of a coordinate system as the center of a circle and taking 30% -60% of the minimum stroke of the linear motion of the X, Y, Z axis as the diameter, wherein the arc line is a space circular motion trajectory DEF by adopting 40% of the minimum stroke in the embodiment; the existing continuous five-axis numerical control machine tool can complete the spatial circular motion trail within the X, Y, Z, A, C (or B) linkage shaft operation range allowed by the existing continuous five-axis numerical control machine tool;
2) programming a continuous five-axis numerical control machine tool according to the spatial circular motion track as a reference target curve to realize that a main shaft and a rotary table synchronously run according to a circular arc track; in order to install the ball rod instrument for precision measurement, after the main shaft of the continuous five-axis numerical control machine tool is programmed, X, Y, Z axis data can be respectively deviated by a certain length L according to the axis direction, and the distance of L is the length of the ball rod instrument;
3) debugging a five-axis numerical control machine tool to run according to a set track, wherein the five-axis numerical control machine tool runs clockwise and anticlockwise, and a starting point and an ending point of the motion are arranged at the head and tail end points of an arc;
4) and a ball rod instrument is arranged between the main shaft and the workbench, and the program is started again, so that the ball rod instrument can visually measure the motion precision of the five-axis linkage of the five-axis numerical control machine tool. The maximum value of the data obtained in each direction reflects the five-axis linkage motion performance of the machine tool. The linkage precision can also be expressed by using a sigma value obtained by a multiple statistical average algorithm.
Compiling a five-axis linkage program according to the motion trail DEF shown in the figure 1, so that the circular trail of X, Y, Z axis (cutter) operation on the continuous five-axis numerical control machine tool is completely coincided with the circular trail of A, C/B axis (workpiece) linkage operation; within 8 octaves, the motion trail DEF shown in FIG. 1 can be used as a test trail for detecting the performance of five-axis linkage of a continuous five-axis numerical control machine; a numerical control five-axis linkage program compiled by adopting the track of the method; including but not limited to, a test method of synchronously running the track to make the length measuring direction of the length measuring ball arm apparatus run parallel to XYZ axes respectively.
The method is suitable for numerical control machines which can realize continuous five-axis machining movement, such as vertical continuous five-axis numerical control machines, horizontal continuous five-axis numerical control machines, turning and milling composite continuous five-axis numerical control machines and the like.
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| CN103878641A (en) * | 2014-03-14 | 2014-06-25 | 浙江大学 | Rotating shaft geometric error identification method commonly used for five-axis numerical control machine tool |
| CN104959872A (en) * | 2015-06-05 | 2015-10-07 | 电子科技大学 | Generation method of five-axis linkage motion track and accuracy test method based on track |
| CN106112693A (en) * | 2016-07-01 | 2016-11-16 | 上海拓璞数控科技有限公司 | A kind of five-axle number control machine tool translation shaft and rotary shaft synchronous error detection method |
| CN108340210A (en) * | 2018-05-09 | 2018-07-31 | 天津工业大学 | A kind of gang tool geometric error discrimination method measured based on ball bar |
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Patent Citations (7)
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| JP2005081444A (en) * | 2003-09-04 | 2005-03-31 | Toshiba Mach Co Ltd | Device and method for measuring accuracy of driving device, program for measuring accuracy of driving device, recording medium recording the program, and method for calibrating driving device |
| CN101758418A (en) * | 2009-12-14 | 2010-06-30 | 济南二机床集团有限公司 | Method for adjusting machining precision of five-axis linkage planer type milling machine |
| CN102001021A (en) * | 2010-10-22 | 2011-04-06 | 西南交通大学 | Method for measuring geometric error parameter value of rotary oscillation axis of five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool |
| CN103878641A (en) * | 2014-03-14 | 2014-06-25 | 浙江大学 | Rotating shaft geometric error identification method commonly used for five-axis numerical control machine tool |
| CN104959872A (en) * | 2015-06-05 | 2015-10-07 | 电子科技大学 | Generation method of five-axis linkage motion track and accuracy test method based on track |
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