CN110560768B - Cutting tool and tool bit structure thereof - Google Patents
Cutting tool and tool bit structure thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110560768B CN110560768B CN201910868410.0A CN201910868410A CN110560768B CN 110560768 B CN110560768 B CN 110560768B CN 201910868410 A CN201910868410 A CN 201910868410A CN 110560768 B CN110560768 B CN 110560768B
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- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 539
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 abstract description 56
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C5/00—Milling-cutters
- B23C5/02—Milling-cutters characterised by the shape of the cutter
- B23C5/10—Shank-type cutters, i.e. with an integral shaft
- B23C5/1081—Shank-type cutters, i.e. with an integral shaft with permanently fixed cutting inserts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C2200/00—Details of milling cutting inserts
- B23C2200/32—Chip breaking or chip evacuation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C2226/00—Materials of tools or workpieces not comprising a metal
- B23C2226/31—Diamond
- B23C2226/315—Diamond polycrystalline [PCD]
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Milling Processes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of precision machining, and discloses a cutting tool and a tool bit structure thereof, wherein the cutting tool comprises a cutting edge part, the cutting edge part comprises a cutting main body, the outer surface of the cutting main body comprises a front end surface and an outer peripheral surface connected with the front end surface, the outer peripheral surface is a cylindrical surface, the outer surface of the cutting main body is provided with a first cutting edge and at least two second cutting edges respectively arranged on two sides of the first cutting edge, and the front end surfaces of the first cutting edge and the second cutting edge form a cambered surface protruding forwards; the first cutting edge extends from one side of the outer peripheral surface of the cutting body to the central area of the front end surface of the cutting body and then extends to the other side of the outer peripheral surface of the cutting body, and a first chip removing groove is arranged between the first cutting edge and the second cutting edge adjacent to the first cutting edge. The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the machining roughness of the complex 3D small curved surface profile is improved, the step pitch of the cutting tool is increased, the machining efficiency is improved, the tool wear can be reduced, and the service life of the tool is prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of precision machining, in particular to a cutting tool and a tool bit structure thereof.
Background
In the prior art, the workpiece to be machined has more cambered surfaces to be machined, and in the process of machining the cambered surfaces by using the traditional spherical milling cutter, the main cutting edge penetrating through the center point of the top of the milling cutter is concentrated in stress, so that the abrasion is quicker, the service life of the cutter is influenced, the machining is unstable, the difference between the surface roughness and the profile of the workpiece in the same batch is caused, and the quality is difficult to be ensured. In order to solve the problem, the prior art scheme is that the auxiliary cutting edges are arranged on two sides of the main cutting edge to assist cutting, so that the cutting amount of the first cutting edge is reduced, but the scheme also has the defects that: firstly, the arrangement of the step pitch is limited to ensure the machining precision under the influence of the machining roughness and the profile of the ball milling cutter, so that the machining efficiency is influenced; secondly, the arc influence of the top of the spherical milling cutter, when a small curved surface profile is machined, the cutting amount of the minor cutting edge shared by the major cutting edge is less, the major cutting edge still needs to bear a larger part of cutting amount, so that the major cutting edge is worn more, and the profile degree and the roughness of a machined workpiece are poor; thirdly, the cutting edge at the top of the milling cutter is too dense, a large amount of cutting scraps can be generated in the machining process, so that the cutting scraps are difficult to remove in time, the machining heat is concentrated, and the service life, the machining precision and the machining stability of the milling cutter are affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a cutting tool, which can improve the machining precision of a small curved surface profile, is beneficial to increasing the step distance of the cutting tool, thereby improving the machining efficiency, and can reduce the tool abrasion to prolong the service life of the tool.
In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a cutter head structure including a cutting edge portion including a cutting body having an outer surface including a front end surface and an outer peripheral surface connected to the front end surface, the outer peripheral surface of the cutting body being a cylindrical surface, the outer surface of the cutting body being provided with a first cutting edge and at least two second cutting edges, the front end surfaces of the first cutting edge and the second cutting edges forming a cambered surface protruding forward;
The first cutting edge extends from one side of the outer peripheral surface of the cutting body to the central area of the front end surface of the cutting body and then extends to the other side of the outer peripheral surface of the cutting body, the second cutting edges are respectively arranged on two sides of the first cutting edge, and a first chip removing groove is defined between the first cutting edge and the second cutting edge adjacent to the first cutting edge.
Preferably, the arc surface formed by the front end surface of the first cutting edge and the front end surface of the second cutting edge is an arc surface, the radius R of the arc surface is 0.5mm to 400mm, and the diameter D of the outer peripheral surface of the cutting body is 0.5mm to 100mm.
Preferably, the radius R of the cambered surface formed by the front end surface of the first cutting edge and the front end surface of the second cutting edge is 1 mm-50 mm; the diameter D of the outer peripheral surface of the cutting body is 2 mm-10 mm.
Preferably, the width of the first chip groove on the outer peripheral surface of the cutting body is larger than the width thereof on the front end surface of the cutting body.
Preferably, the first cutting edge is provided with a chamfer edge portion at a joint between the front end surface and the outer peripheral surface of the cutting body, and the chamfer edge portion is in an arc shape protruding outwards.
Preferably, the chamfer edge is arc-shaped, and the radius r of the chamfer edge is 0.02mm to 10mm.
Preferably, the radius r of the chamfer edge is 0.1mm to 5mm.
Preferably, the front end surface of the cutting body is a cambered surface protruding forward, and the first cutting edge and each second cutting edge are the same in height.
Preferably, the first cutting edge passes through the vertex of the front end surface of the cutting body, and the cutting body is symmetrically distributed about the first cutting edge.
Preferably, each of the second cutting edges is symmetrically distributed with respect to the first cutting edge.
Preferably, the second cutting edge includes a first cutting segment and a second cutting segment connected to both ends of the first cutting segment, the first cutting segment being located on a front end surface of the cutting body, the second cutting segment extending from an end of the first cutting segment to a rear end of an outer peripheral surface of the cutting body;
The second cutting sections are spiral, the rotation directions of the two second cutting sections positioned at the two ends of the first cutting section are opposite, and the rotation directions of the corresponding second cutting sections positioned at the two sides of the first cutting edge are also opposite.
Preferably, the first cutting section is a straight blade, and the helix angle of the second cutting section is 0-60 degrees.
Preferably, the helix angle of the second cutting segment is 5 ° to 30 °.
Preferably, the two sides of the first cutting edge are respectively provided with the second cutting edge.
Preferably, the width W1 of the first cutting edge and the width W2 of the second cutting edge are both 0.005mm to 0.2mm, and the depth of the first junk slot is 0.02mm to 1mm.
Preferably, the width W1 of the first cutting edge and the width W2 of the second cutting edge are both 0.01mm to 0.1mm, and the depth of the first junk slot is 0.1mm to 0.5mm.
Preferably, the cutting body, the first cutting edge and the second cutting edge are integrally formed.
Preferably, the outer surface of the cutting body is further provided with a cutting edge group positioned outside the two second cutting edges at the outermost side respectively;
The cutting edge group comprises a plurality of third cutting edges, and second chip grooves are defined between every two adjacent third cutting edges and between each third cutting edge and the adjacent second cutting edge.
Preferably, each of the third cutting edges is symmetrically distributed with respect to the first cutting edge.
Preferably, each of the third cutting edges is spiral.
Preferably, the cutting edge group has a symmetrical structure.
Preferably, each of the third cutting edges located on one side of the symmetry center line of the cutting edge group has a rotation direction opposite to that of each of the third cutting edges located on the other side of the symmetry center line of the cutting edge group.
As a preferable scheme, the cutting edge group further comprises at least two fourth cutting edges, and each fourth cutting edge is respectively arranged at two sides of the symmetrical center line of the cutting edge group and is close to the symmetrical center line of the cutting edge group; a third flute is defined between adjacent ones of the fourth cutting edges and between the fourth cutting edge and the third cutting edge adjacent thereto.
Preferably, the portion of the fourth cutting edge located on the front end surface of the cutting body is a straight edge; the fourth cutting edge is spirally formed on the outer peripheral surface of the cutting body, and the rotation direction of the fourth cutting edge is the same as that of the third cutting edge on the same side of the symmetrical center line of the cutting edge group.
Preferably, the helix angle of the third cutting edge is 0 to 60 °, and the helix angle of the portion of each third cutting edge on the outer peripheral surface of the cutting body increases gradually from the middle to both sides.
Preferably, the helix angle of the portion of the fourth cutting edge located on the outer peripheral surface of the cutting body is 0 to 60 ° and smaller than the helix angle of each of the third cutting edges.
Preferably, one end of the third cutting edge is connected to the second cutting edge, and the other end of the third cutting edge is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the cutting body.
Preferably, the cutting edge portion is made of any one of polycrystalline diamond, single crystal diamond, chemical vapor deposition diamond, polycrystalline cubic boron nitride, ceramic and cemented carbide.
To achieve the same object, in another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a cutting tool, which includes a tool shank and the tool bit structure in any one of the above-mentioned aspects, wherein the rear end surface of the cutting body is connected to the front end of the tool shank.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
The cutting tool of the invention is provided with a first cutting edge and a plurality of second cutting edges respectively arranged at two sides of the first cutting edge on the outer surface of a cutting main body, wherein the outer surface of the cutting main body comprises a front end surface and an outer peripheral surface connected with the front end surface, the outer peripheral surface is a cylindrical surface, the front end surface of the first cutting edge and the front end surface of the second cutting edge form a cambered surface which protrudes forwards, so that the processing of a small curved surface profile is facilitated, and the first cutting edge extends from one side of the outer peripheral surface of the cutting main body to the central area of the front end surface of the cutting main body and then extends to the other side; in the process of machining the contour of the small curved surface, the second cutting edge is used for cutting to cut most of the allowance, the cutting quantity of the first cutting edge positioned in the central area is reduced, and the remaining less cutting allowance is cut by the first cutting edge, so that the cutter has the property of rough machining and then finish machining, the abrasion of the first cutting edge can be reduced, the machining precision can be effectively improved, the machined roughness of a workpiece is ensured, the service life of the first cutting edge is prolonged, and the service life of the cutter is prolonged; meanwhile, as the machining precision of the cutter is improved, the step distance of the cutting cutter is increased under the condition of meeting the requirement of the machining precision, so that the machining efficiency can be greatly improved; furthermore, the first chip groove defined between the second cutting edge and the first cutting edge can facilitate chip removal, and adverse effects on forming accuracy and tool life caused by backlog of chips on the top region of the cutting body can be avoided.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a cutter head structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a front view of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a left side view of FIG. 2;
fig. 5 is a schematic perspective view of a cutter head structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic perspective view of a cutting tool according to an embodiment of the present invention.
100 Parts of a cutter head structure; 10. a cutting edge portion; 11. a cutting body; 11a, the front end face of the cutting body; 11b, an outer peripheral surface of the cutting body; 12. a first cutting edge; 121. chamfering blade part; 13. a second cutting edge; 131. a first cutting segment; 132. a second cutting segment; 14. a first junk slot; 15. a cutting edge set; 151. a third cutting edge; 152. a fourth cutting edge; 16. a second junk slot; 17. a third junk slot; 18. a fourth junk slot; 200. a tool shank.
Detailed Description
The following describes in further detail the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings and examples. The following examples are illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "front" and "rear" refer to the end of the cutting tool that is closest to the work piece during cutting, as being "front" and the end that is facing away from the work piece as being "rear". In the present invention, the term "center region of the front end surface of the cutting body" means a region position including a center point on the front end surface of the cutting body and being closer to the center point of the front end surface of the cutting body, "a vertex of the front end surface of the cutting body" means a position of the front end surface of the cutting body farthest from the tool shank during cutting by the cutting tool, and "a top region of the front end surface of the cutting body" means a region position including a vertex of the front end surface of the cutting body and being closer to the vertex of the front end surface of the cutting body on the outer surface of the cutting body. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like, herein are used to describe various information merely for distinguishing one type of information from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying any relative importance.
In one aspect of the present invention, a cutter head structure is provided, and specific embodiments thereof are as follows:
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, as a preferred embodiment of a tool bit structure 100 provided by the present invention, it includes a cutting edge portion 10, wherein the cutting edge portion 10 includes a cutting body 11, an outer surface of the cutting body 11 includes a front end surface 11a and an outer peripheral surface 11b connected to the front end surface 11a, the outer peripheral surface 11b of the cutting body 11 is a cylindrical surface, and the outer surface of the cutting body 11 is provided with a first cutting edge 12 and at least two second cutting edges 13; the first cutting edge 12 extends from one side of the outer peripheral surface 11b of the cutting body 11 to the top region of the front end surface of the cutting body 11, and then extends to the other side of the outer peripheral surface 11b of the cutting body 11, the second cutting edges 13 are respectively disposed on two sides of the first cutting edge 12, the front end surfaces of the first cutting edge 12 and the front end surfaces of the second cutting edges 13 form a cambered surface protruding forward, so as to facilitate the processing of a small curved surface profile, and a first chip removing groove 14 is defined between the first cutting edge 12 and the second cutting edge 13 adjacent thereto.
According to the cutter head structure with the technical characteristics, the first cutting edge 12 and the plurality of second cutting edges 13 are arranged on the outer surface of the cutting main body 11, as seen from the top view shown in fig. 2, the first cutting edge 12 passes through the central area of the cutting main body 11, and a specific embodiment comprising two second cutting edges 13 is shown, and the two second cutting edges 13 are respectively arranged on two sides of the first cutting edge 12, so that when a small curved surface profile is machined, for example, the second cutting edge 13 is used for cutting most of the allowance, the cutting amount of the first cutting edge 12 positioned in the central area is reduced, the rest less cutting allowance is cut by the first cutting edge 12, and the cutter head structure has the characteristics of rough machining firstly and then finish machining, thereby the abrasion of the first cutting edge 12 can be reduced, the machining precision can be effectively improved, the roughness of a workpiece after machining can be ensured, the service life of the first cutting edge 12 can be prolonged, and the service life of the cutter can be prolonged; meanwhile, due to the improvement of the machining precision of the cutter, the step distance of the cutting cutter is increased under the condition of meeting the requirement of the machining precision, and the machining efficiency can be greatly improved relative to a spherical milling cutter.
Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the first chip groove 14 defined between the second cutting edge 13 and the first cutting edge 12 facilitates timely discharging of the chips in the top region of the tool, so as to avoid the chips from being accumulated in the top region of the cutting body 11 to adversely affect the forming accuracy and the tool life. Further, the width of the first chip groove 14 on the outer peripheral surface 11b of the cutting body 11 is larger than the width of the first chip groove on the front end surface of the cutting body 11, so that chip removal capacity can be further optimized, machining heat concentration is avoided, and machining precision and machining stability are improved.
Preferably, in this embodiment, referring to fig. 3, the arc surface formed by the front end surface of the first cutting edge 12 and the front end surface of the second cutting edge 13 is an arc surface, the radius of the arc surface is R, R is 0.5mm to 400mm, the diameter of the outer peripheral surface 11b of the cutting body 11 is D, D is 0.5mm to 100mm, based on the cutter head structure in this range, the machining precision can be ensured when machining the contour of the small curved surface, and the specific dimensions of R and D can be determined according to the curvature of the machined curved surface. Further, R is 1mm to 50mm, and the diameter D is 2mm to 10mm.
As a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, the portion of the first cutting edge 12 at the junction between the front end surface 11a and the outer peripheral surface 11b of the cutting body 11 is provided with a chamfer edge portion 121, and the chamfer edge portion 121 is in an arc shape protruding outwards, so as to form a double arc structure, thereby facilitating the processing of curved surfaces with various structural outlines and improving the applicability of the tool.
Preferably, in an embodiment, the chamfer edge 121 is arc-shaped, and the radius of the chamfer edge 121 is r, where r is 0.02 mm-10 mm, so as to facilitate machining of a small curved surface profile. Further, the radius r of the chamfer edge 121 is 0.1mm to 5mm.
Further, in the embodiment, the front end surface 11a of the cutting body 11 is a curved surface protruding forward, and the heights of the first cutting edge 12 and each of the second cutting edges 13 are the same, so that the front end surfaces of the first cutting edge 12 and the second cutting edge 13 may form a curved surface protruding forward. It will be appreciated that, as an alternative, the front end face 11a of the cutting body 11 is planar, and the first cutting edge 12 is higher than the height of each of the second cutting edges 13, so that the front end faces of the first cutting edge 12 and the second cutting edge 13 form a cambered surface protruding forward, and the front end faces of the first cutting edge 12 protrude.
Preferably, the first cutting edge 12 passes through the apex of the front end surface 11a of the cutting body 11, and the cutting body 11 is symmetrically distributed with respect to the first cutting edge 12. When the curved surface profile is machined, the middle area of the first cutting edge 12 is mainly used for cutting the workpiece with a small margin, so that the machining precision of the workpiece profile is improved.
Specifically, each second cutting edge 13 is symmetrically distributed with respect to the first cutting edge 12, so that the cutting amount of the first cutting edge 12 can be uniformly shared by each second cutting edge 13, which is more beneficial to reducing the cutting amount of the first cutting edge 12, thereby reducing the abrasion of the first cutting edge 12, ensuring the stability of the cutting tool during cutting operation, effectively improving the machining precision, ensuring the roughness of the machined workpiece, and prolonging the service life of the first cutting edge 12, thereby further prolonging the service life of the cutting tool.
With continued reference to fig. 1 to 4, more specifically, the second cutting edge 13 includes a first cutting segment 131 and second cutting segments 132 respectively connected to both ends of the first cutting segment 131, the first cutting segment 131 being located on the front end face 11a of the cutting body 11, the second cutting segment 132 extending from one end of the first cutting segment 131 toward the rear end of the outer peripheral face 11b of the cutting body 11. In this embodiment, the first cutting segment 131 and the first cutting edge 12 are set to be straight edges, the second cutting segment 132 is set to be spiral, the rotation directions of the two second cutting segments 132 at two ends of the first cutting segment 131 are opposite, and the rotation directions of the corresponding second cutting segments 132 at two sides of the first cutting edge 12 are opposite, so that the width of the first junk slot 14 on the outer peripheral surface 11b of the cutting main body 11 is larger than the width of the first junk slot on the front end surface 11a of the cutting main body 11, thereby cutting most of the allowance of a machined workpiece, and ensuring the contour degree of a machined curved surface. Of course, alternatively, in other embodiments, the first cutting portion 131 may be provided in a spiral shape.
Preferably, the helix angle of the second cutting segment 132 in the above embodiment is 0 to 60 °, and based on the helix angle range, the strength, sharpness, and cutting force of the second cutting edge 13 are all ideal, and the chip removal speed can be ensured. Further, the helix angle of the second cutting segment 132 is 5 ° to 30 °, preferably 5 °,10 °,15 °, 20 ° or 30 °.
Referring to fig. 2, the distance between two sides of the cutting edge is defined as the edge width, the edge width of the first cutting edge 12 is W1, and the edge width of the second cutting edge 13 is W2, wherein W1 and W2 are both 0.005mm to 0.2mm; the groove depth of the first chip groove 14 is set to be 0.02 mm-1 mm, so that the cutting chips can be smoothly discharged from the first chip groove 14 in the cutting process. Further, W1 and W2 are both 0.01-0.1 mm, and the groove depth of the first chip groove is 0.1-0.5 mm.
On the basis of the above-described structure, in order to further reduce the cutting amount of the first cutting edge 12, in the present embodiment, referring to fig. 1 to 4, the outer surface of the cutting body 11 is further provided with cutting edge groups 15 located respectively on the outer sides of the two outermost second cutting edges 13, and as shown in fig. 2, the upper and lower sides of the first cutting edge 12 are respectively provided with one cutting edge group 15. The cutting edge group 15 includes a plurality of third cutting edges 151, and a second chip groove 16 is defined between two adjacent third cutting edges 151 and between the third cutting edges 151 and the second cutting edge 13 adjacent thereto. In the cutting operation, the third cutting edges 151 distributed on both sides of the first cutting edge 12 are used as auxiliary cutting edges, and the cutting amount can be uniformly distributed by matching with each second cutting edge 13, so as to reduce the machining depth of a single tooth, further reduce the cutting amount of the first cutting edge 12, reduce the abrasion thereof, and achieve the purposes of effectively improving the machining precision and ensuring the surface roughness of a workpiece. Through the setting of the third cutting edge 151, the machining trace can be avoided, and the step distance of the cutter is increased under the premise of ensuring the machining precision, so that the machining efficiency is further improved, compared with the traditional spherical milling cutter, the cutting cutter of the embodiment can reach the step distance twice as large as that of the spherical milling cutter, the machining efficiency is doubled, and the roughness can be increased to 200-300 nm, which cannot be achieved by the spherical milling cutter.
In this embodiment, the third cutting edges 151 are symmetrically distributed with respect to the first cutting edge 12, so that stability of the tool during cutting rotation can be ensured, and uniform distribution of cutting amount is facilitated, thereby ensuring machining accuracy.
Illustratively, in the present embodiment, each of the third cutting edges 151 is in a spiral shape, and the spiral arrangement can ensure a sufficient cutting force to improve the machining efficiency. Of course, each of the third cutting edges 151 may alternatively be a straight edge.
Preferably, the cutting edge group 15 has a symmetrical structure, which is beneficial to uniformly distributing the cutting amount and ensuring the machining precision. Further, each of the third cutting edges 151 located at one side of the center line of symmetry of the cutting edge group 15 is opposite to each of the third cutting edges 151 located at the other side of the center line of symmetry of the cutting edge group 15 in rotation direction, so that the machining precision can be further improved, and the wear resistance of the tool can be improved to extend the service life of the tool.
Further preferably, in this embodiment, the cutting edge set 15 further includes at least two fourth cutting edges 152, and each of the fourth cutting edges 152 is disposed on both sides of and near a symmetry center line of the cutting edge set 15, so that the cutting amount of the cutting edge set 15 can be increased, so as to facilitate reducing the cutting amount of the first cutting edge 12, and at the same time, further improve the uniformity of the cutting edge in the central region of the cutting body 11; a third flute 17 is defined between adjacent ones of the fourth cutting edges 152 and between the fourth cutting edge 152 and the third cutting edge 151 adjacent thereto. Since the fourth cutting edge 152 is disposed near the symmetrical center line of the cutting edge group 15, the entire structure of the fourth cutting edge 152 may be disposed in a spiral shape having the same rotation direction as the third cutting edge 151 on the same side thereof; the portion of the fourth cutting edge 152 located on the front end surface 11a of the cutting body 11 may be a straight edge, the portion of the fourth cutting edge located on the outer peripheral surface of the cutting body 11 may be a spiral, and the rotation direction of the portion may be the same as the rotation direction of the third cutting edge 151 located on the same side as the symmetry center line of the cutting edge group 15. In this embodiment, the portion of the fourth cutting edge 152 located on the front end face 11a of the cutting body 11 is a straight edge, the portion of the outer peripheral surface of the cutting body 11 is spiral, and the rotation direction is the same as that of the third cutting edge 151 located on the same side, so that the combination of the spiral edge of the third cutting edge 151 and the straight edge portion of the fourth cutting edge 152 as the auxiliary cutting edge located on the front end face 11a of the cutting body 11 can further improve the cutting force, achieve the purpose of uniformly distributing the cutting amount and improving the machining precision, and further improve the wear resistance of the tool.
In the present embodiment, the helix angle of the third cutting edge 151 is 0 ° to 60 °, the helix angle of the portion of each third cutting edge 151 on the outer peripheral surface of the cutting body 11 increases gradually from the middle to the both sides, and the helix angle of the third cutting edge 151 is further 5 ° to 30 °; further, the helix angle of the portion of the fourth cutting edge 152 located on the outer peripheral surface of the cutting body 11 is 0 to 60 ° and smaller than the helix angle of each of the third cutting edges 151, so that the wear resistance of the tool can be further improved, and the machining precision can be ensured; the helix angle of the portion of the fourth cutting edge 152 located on the outer peripheral surface of the cutting body 11 is further 5 ° to 30 °.
In order to secure the strength of the tool, one end of the third cutting edge 151 is connected to the second cutting edge 13, and the other end of the third cutting edge 151 is provided on the outer peripheral surface 11b of the cutting body 11.
Illustratively, in the present embodiment, the cutting edge group 15 includes 6 third cutting edges 151 and 2 fourth cutting edges 152 located on one side of the first cutting edge 12. It is understood that the number of the third cutting edge 151 and the fourth cutting edge 152 may be appropriately increased according to actual needs to improve machining accuracy.
Further preferably, the cutting body 11, the first cutting edge 12, the second cutting edge 13, the third cutting edge 151 and the fourth cutting edge 152 are integrally formed, so that not only the cutting edges can be easily formed on the outer surface of the cutting body 11, but also the overall wear resistance and the overall strength of the cutting edge portion 10 can be ensured.
In this embodiment, the material of the cutting edge portion 10 is preferably polycrystalline diamond, and compared with the traditional coated milling cutter, the wear resistance of the cutter with an integral polycrystalline diamond structure is greatly improved, the machining precision and the machining efficiency are effectively improved, and the service life of the cutter can be prolonged.
Similarly, the material of the cutting edge portion 10 may be single crystal diamond, chemical vapor deposition diamond, polycrystalline cubic boron nitride, ceramics, cemented carbide, or the like, and the wear resistance of the tool can be ensured.
Example two
The present embodiment also proposes a cutter head structure, as shown in fig. 5, which differs from the first embodiment only in that four second cutting edges 13 are provided on the cutting body 11 in the present embodiment, that is, two second cutting edges 13 are provided on two sides of the first cutting edge 12, respectively, and a fourth chip groove 18 is defined between two adjacent second cutting edges 13. It is understood that three, four or more than four second cutting edges 13 may be provided on both sides of the first cutting edge 12, respectively, and the second cutting edges 13 may be arranged at intervals.
To achieve the same objective, another aspect of the present invention further provides a cutting tool, referring to fig. 6, which includes a tool shank 200 and the tool bit structure 100 of the above embodiment, wherein the rear end surface of the cutting body 11 is connected to the front end of the tool shank 200. Because the tool bit structure 100 provided in the embodiment of the present invention can achieve the above technical effects, the cutting tool provided with the tool bit structure 100 should also have corresponding technical effects, and will not be described herein again.
In addition, it should be noted that, the cutting tool in the embodiment of the present invention is mainly used for machining a contour with a small curved surface, and since the front end surface 11a of the cutting body 11 is a cambered surface and the outer peripheral surface 11b thereof is a cylindrical surface, the machining of the contour with a small curved surface is facilitated. The second cutting edge 13, the third cutting edge 151 and the fourth cutting edge 152 can remove most of the cutting amount in the workpiece in the rotary feeding process, the rest of the cutting amount is cut by the first cutting edge 12, the rough machining is performed before the finish machining, and the scraps generated in the milling process are discharged outwards through the first chip groove 14, the second chip groove 16 and the third chip groove 17 respectively.
In summary, according to the cutting tool and the tool bit structure thereof provided by the invention, the outer surface of the cutting main body 11 is provided with the first cutting edge 12 and the plurality of second cutting edges 13 respectively arranged at two sides of the first cutting edge 12, the outer circumferential surface of the cutting main body is a cylindrical surface, and the front end surface of the first cutting edge 12 and the front end surface of the second cutting edge 13 form a cambered surface protruding forwards, so that the processing of a small curved surface profile is facilitated; the second cutting edge 13 is matched with main cutting, so that abrasion of the first cutting edge 12 can be reduced, roughness of a complex 3D small curved surface is effectively improved, and the service life of the cutter is prolonged; meanwhile, the improvement of the processing precision of the cutter is beneficial to increasing the step distance of the cutting cutter, so that the processing efficiency can be greatly improved; furthermore, the width of the first chip groove 14 defined between the second cutting edge 13 and the first cutting edge 12 on the outer peripheral surface of the cutting body 11 is larger than that on the front end surface of the cutting body 11, so that chip removal capability can be optimized, and adverse effects on forming accuracy and tool life caused by chip accumulation in the top region of the cutting body 11 can be avoided.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that modifications and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these modifications and substitutions should also be considered as being within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (26)
1. The cutter head structure is characterized by comprising a cutting edge part, wherein the cutting edge part comprises a cutting main body, the outer surface of the cutting main body comprises a front end surface and an outer peripheral surface connected with the front end surface, the outer peripheral surface of the cutting main body is a cylindrical surface, the outer surface of the cutting main body is provided with a first cutting edge and at least two second cutting edges, and the front end surface of the first cutting edge and the front end surface of the second cutting edge form a cambered surface protruding forwards;
The first cutting edge extends from one side of the outer peripheral surface of the cutting main body to the central area of the front end surface of the cutting main body and then extends to the other side of the outer peripheral surface of the cutting main body, the second cutting edges are respectively arranged at two sides of the first cutting edge, and a first chip removing groove is defined between the first cutting edge and the second cutting edge adjacent to the first cutting edge;
the outer surface of the cutting main body is also provided with cutting edge groups which are respectively positioned at the outer sides of the two outermost second cutting edges;
The cutting edge group comprises a plurality of third cutting edges and at least two fourth cutting edges, and second chip grooves are defined between every two adjacent third cutting edges and between each third cutting edge and each second cutting edge adjacent to each third cutting edge;
Each fourth cutting edge is respectively arranged at two sides of the symmetrical center line of the cutting edge group and is arranged close to the symmetrical center line of the cutting edge group; a third chip groove is defined between every two adjacent fourth cutting edges and between each fourth cutting edge and each third cutting edge adjacent to each fourth cutting edge; the cutting body, the first cutting edge, the second cutting edge, the third cutting edge and the fourth cutting edge are integrally formed.
2. The tool bit structure according to claim 1, wherein the arc surface formed by the front end surface of the first cutting edge and the front end surface of the second cutting edge is an arc surface, the radius R thereof is 0.5mm to 400mm, and the diameter D of the outer peripheral surface of the cutting body is 0.5mm to 100mm.
3. The cutter head structure according to claim 2, wherein a radius R of an arc surface formed by the front end surface of the first cutting edge and the front end surface of the second cutting edge is 1mm to 50mm; the diameter D of the outer peripheral surface of the cutting body is 2 mm-10 mm.
4. The tool bit structure of claim 1, wherein the first junk slots have a greater width on the outer peripheral surface of the cutting body than on the front end surface of the cutting body.
5. The bit structure according to claim 1, wherein a portion of the first cutting edge at a junction of the front end surface and the outer peripheral surface of the cutting body is provided with a chamfer edge portion, the chamfer edge portion having an outwardly convex arc shape.
6. The tool bit structure according to claim 5, wherein the chamfer edge portion has an arc shape, and a radius r of the chamfer edge portion is 0.02mm to 10mm.
7. The tool bit structure of claim 6, wherein the radius r of the chamfer edge is 0.1mm to 5mm.
8. The tool bit structure of claim 1, wherein the front end surface of the cutting body is a forwardly convex arcuate surface, and the first cutting edge and each of the second cutting edges are the same height.
9. The tool bit structure of claim 8, wherein the first cutting edge passes through an apex of the front face of the cutting body and the cutting body is symmetrically distributed about the first cutting edge.
10. The tool bit structure of claim 9, wherein each of the second cutting edges is symmetrically disposed about the first cutting edge.
11. The bit structure of claim 9, wherein the second cutting edge includes a first cutting segment and a second cutting segment respectively connected to both ends of the first cutting segment, the first cutting segment being located on a front end surface of the cutting body, the second cutting segment extending from an end of the first cutting segment toward a rear end of an outer peripheral surface of the cutting body;
The second cutting sections are spiral, the rotation directions of the two second cutting sections positioned at the two ends of the first cutting section are opposite, and the rotation directions of the corresponding second cutting sections positioned at the two sides of the first cutting edge are also opposite.
12. The cutter head structure of claim 11, wherein the first cutting segment is a straight edge and the helix angle of the second cutting segment is 0-60 °.
13. The cutter head structure of claim 12 wherein said second cutting segment has a helix angle of 5 ° to 30 °.
14. The cutter head structure according to claim 9, wherein the first cutting edge is provided with one of the second cutting edges on each side thereof.
15. The tool bit structure of claim 1, wherein the blade widths W1 and W2 of the first and second cutting edges are each 0.005mm to 0.2mm, and the first junk slots have a groove depth of 0.02mm to 1mm.
16. The tool bit structure of claim 15, wherein the blade widths W1 and W2 of the first and second cutting edges are each 0.01mm to 0.1mm, and the first junk slots have a slot depth of 0.1mm to 0.5mm.
17. The cutter head structure of claim 1, wherein each of the third cutting edges is symmetrically disposed about the first cutting edge.
18. The cutter head structure of claim 1, wherein each of the third cutting edges is helical.
19. The tool bit structure of claim 18, wherein the cutting edge sets are axisymmetric.
20. The tool bit structure of claim 19, wherein each of the third cutting edges located on one side of the center line of symmetry of the set of cutting edges has an opposite sense of rotation from each of the third cutting edges located on the other side of the center line of symmetry of the set of cutting edges.
21. The cutter head structure of claim 20, wherein a portion of the fourth cutting edge at the front end surface of the cutting body is straight; the fourth cutting edge is spirally formed on the outer peripheral surface of the cutting body, and the rotation direction of the fourth cutting edge is the same as that of the third cutting edge on the same side of the symmetrical center line of the cutting edge group.
22. The cutter head structure of claim 19, wherein the helix angle of the third cutting edge is 0 to 60 °, and the helix angle of the portion of each third cutting edge at the outer peripheral surface of the cutting body increases gradually from the middle to both sides.
23. The bit structure of claim 21, wherein a helix angle of a portion of the fourth cutting edge located on the outer peripheral surface of the cutting body is 0-60 ° and less than a helix angle of each of the third cutting edges.
24. The bit structure according to claim 1, wherein one end of the third cutting edge is connected to the second cutting edge, and the other end of the third cutting edge is provided on an outer peripheral surface of the cutting body.
25. The tool bit structure of claim 1, wherein the cutting edge portion is any one of polycrystalline diamond, single crystal diamond, chemical vapor deposited diamond, polycrystalline cubic boron nitride, ceramic, and cemented carbide.
26. A cutting tool comprising a tool shank and a bit structure according to any one of claims 1 to 25, wherein the rear end face of the cutting body is connected to the front end of the tool shank.
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| CN201910868410.0A CN110560768B (en) | 2019-09-12 | 2019-09-12 | Cutting tool and tool bit structure thereof |
| PCT/CN2019/106169 WO2021046864A1 (en) | 2019-09-12 | 2019-09-17 | Cutting tool and tool bit structure thereof |
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| CN201910868410.0A CN110560768B (en) | 2019-09-12 | 2019-09-12 | Cutting tool and tool bit structure thereof |
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| CN112207336A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2021-01-12 | 北京沃尔德金刚石工具股份有限公司 | Milling cutter |
| CN112355333B (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2023-08-08 | 科益展智能装备有限公司 | Cutter and cutter head structure thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN208231022U (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2018-12-14 | 北京首航科学技术开发有限公司 | A kind of wedge thread milling cutter |
| CN110103344A (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2019-08-09 | 汇专绿色工具有限公司 | A kind of cutting tool and its cutter head structure |
| CN210648707U (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2020-06-02 | 汇专科技集团股份有限公司 | Cutting tool and tool bit structure thereof |
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| JP4775065B2 (en) * | 2006-03-27 | 2011-09-21 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | Drilling tool |
| CN110064788B (en) * | 2019-05-22 | 2025-04-01 | 汇专科技集团股份有限公司 | A cutter head structure and cutting tool |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN208231022U (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2018-12-14 | 北京首航科学技术开发有限公司 | A kind of wedge thread milling cutter |
| CN110103344A (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2019-08-09 | 汇专绿色工具有限公司 | A kind of cutting tool and its cutter head structure |
| CN210648707U (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2020-06-02 | 汇专科技集团股份有限公司 | Cutting tool and tool bit structure thereof |
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