CN110554464B - Miniaturized single polarization fiber resonant cavity - Google Patents
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- CN110554464B CN110554464B CN201910758258.0A CN201910758258A CN110554464B CN 110554464 B CN110554464 B CN 110554464B CN 201910758258 A CN201910758258 A CN 201910758258A CN 110554464 B CN110554464 B CN 110554464B
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- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 51
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 51
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 51
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007888 film coating Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009501 film coating Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000004038 photonic crystal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007526 fusion splicing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002301 combined effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C19/00—Gyroscopes; Turn-sensitive devices using vibrating masses; Turn-sensitive devices without moving masses; Measuring angular rate using gyroscopic effects
- G01C19/58—Turn-sensitive devices without moving masses
- G01C19/64—Gyrometers using the Sagnac effect, i.e. rotation-induced shifts between counter-rotating electromagnetic beams
- G01C19/72—Gyrometers using the Sagnac effect, i.e. rotation-induced shifts between counter-rotating electromagnetic beams with counter-rotating light beams in a passive ring, e.g. fibre laser gyrometers
- G01C19/721—Details, e.g. optical or electronical details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/27—Optical coupling means with polarisation selective and adjusting means
- G02B6/2706—Optical coupling means with polarisation selective and adjusting means as bulk elements, i.e. free space arrangements external to a light guide, e.g. polarising beam splitters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/27—Optical coupling means with polarisation selective and adjusting means
- G02B6/2746—Optical coupling means with polarisation selective and adjusting means comprising non-reciprocal devices, e.g. isolators, FRM, circulators, quasi-isolators
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/27—Optical coupling means with polarisation selective and adjusting means
- G02B6/2753—Optical coupling means with polarisation selective and adjusting means characterised by their function or use, i.e. of the complete device
- G02B6/276—Removing selected polarisation component of light, i.e. polarizers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/27—Optical coupling means with polarisation selective and adjusting means
- G02B6/2753—Optical coupling means with polarisation selective and adjusting means characterised by their function or use, i.e. of the complete device
- G02B6/2766—Manipulating the plane of polarisation from one input polarisation to another output polarisation, e.g. polarisation rotators, linear to circular polarisation converters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/27—Optical coupling means with polarisation selective and adjusting means
- G02B6/2753—Optical coupling means with polarisation selective and adjusting means characterised by their function or use, i.e. of the complete device
- G02B6/2773—Polarisation splitting or combining
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
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Abstract
The invention relates to an optical fiber resonant cavity, in particular to a miniaturized single-polarization optical fiber resonant cavity. The miniaturized single-polarization fiber resonant cavity comprises a base, and a light circulation module, an optical rotation module, a first light beam input channel, a second light beam input channel, a first light beam output channel I and a second light beam output channel I which are arranged on the base. The output light beams of the first light beam input channel and the second light beam input channel respectively enter the optical rotation module and the optical circulation module after being reflected by the respective polarization beam splitters, then respectively penetrate through the polarization beam splitters of the opposite side after entering the optical rotation module again, and then respectively enter the first light beam output channel I and the second light beam output channel I, and a polarizer is arranged in a light path before entering the optical fiber in the optical circulation module. The invention has single polarization characteristic, can inhibit secondary resonance peak, reduce the influence of polarization fluctuation noise on signal detection, keep the reciprocity of optical paths without welding points under the condition of reducing the number of elements, and is beneficial to miniaturization by multifunctional integration and small-volume packaging.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an optical fiber resonant cavity, in particular to a miniaturized single-polarization optical fiber resonant cavity.
Background
A Resonant Fiber Optic Gyro (RFOG) is an angular velocity sensor that uses the Sagnac effect to measure the frequency difference between clockwise and counterclockwise light beams in a Fiber cavity to obtain angular velocity information. The gyroscope combines the advantages of high laser gyroscope resonance detection sensitivity and an interference type fiber-optic gyroscope multi-turn light path on the working principle, can realize high-precision measurement in a small volume, and has the potential of becoming a next generation of small-volume navigation-level gyroscope.
The optical fiber resonant cavity is a core sensitive component of the resonant type optical fiber gyroscope, and the performance size of the optical fiber resonant cavity directly influences the precision and the volume of the gyroscope, so that the design and the manufacture of the gyroscope are critical. At present, the fiber resonant cavity is mostly formed by adopting a coupler welding mode, and the performance, the size and the application of the fiber resonant cavity are limited by the coupler. With the development of optical fiber technology, various new optical fibers are emerging, such as photonic crystal fibers, which have various optical properties superior to those of the existing optical fibers, and meanwhile, the smaller bending radius is also beneficial to the miniaturization of the optical fiber resonant cavity. But the use of photonic crystal fibers in fiber resonators is limited due to the lack of a correspondingly ideal coupler. Two orthogonal eigen polarizations (ESOP) are usually present in the fiber cavity. Due to the influence of the external environment, the signal detection of the resonant cavity is influenced by the fluctuation of the two polarization states in the fiber resonant cavity, so that noise is generated in the output of the gyroscope. The polarization fluctuation noise is one of the important noise sources in the resonant fiber optic gyro system.
In order to reduce the size of the fiber coupler, researchers often choose a smaller size fiber device, but the fiber ring cavity cannot be further miniaturized due to the presence of the coupler. In the aspect of novel optical fiber application, the optical fiber resonant cavity obtained by fusion splicing the photonic crystal fiber and the tail fiber of the existing coupler is large in loss and can not avoid noise errors introduced by fusion splicing points. In addition, the small size of the fiber resonator is limited by the large minimum bend radius of the fiber at the fusion splice point due to the weakness of the fiber. For suppressing the influence of polarization fluctuation noise on the gyroscope, a polarization rotation method, a method of welding an online polarizer, or the like is generally used. The former needs to strictly control the length of the optical fiber and the error of the axis, and the latter is not suitable for miniaturization due to the welding of the optical fiber device. Therefore, the current fiber resonator cannot better satisfy miniaturization and single polarization performance.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is: the miniaturized single-polarization fiber resonant cavity based on spatial coupling is provided, so that the volume of the fiber resonant cavity is effectively reduced, and meanwhile, the polarization fluctuation noise in the resonant cavity can be well inhibited.
The invention relates to a miniaturized single-polarization fiber resonant cavity, which comprises a base, a light circulation module, an optical rotation module, a first light beam input channel, a second light beam input channel, a first light beam output channel I, a second light beam output channel I, a first light beam output channel II and a second light beam output channel II, wherein the light circulation module, the optical rotation module and the optical rotation module respectively reflect through respective polarization beam splitters, then respectively transmit through the polarization beam splitters, and then enter into the first light beam output channel I and the second light beam output channel I, and partial circulating light in the optical rotation module is respectively reflected by two beam splitters in the optical rotation module and enters into the first light beam output channel II and the second light beam output channel II, and a polarizer is arranged in a light path before entering the optical fiber in the light circulation module.
The polarizers are a pair and symmetrically arranged on circulating light paths output by the two beam splitters, and the polarization directions of the first polarizer and the second polarizer are consistent.
And the output ends of the first light beam input channel and the second light beam input channel are respectively provided with polarizers which are completely matched with the polarizers of the light circulation module.
The polarizers at the output ends of the first light beam input channel and the second light beam input channel and the polarizer in the light circulation module are of an integrated structure.
The first light beam input channel, the second light beam input channel, the first light beam output channel I, the second light beam output channel I, the first light beam output channel II and the second light beam output channel II respectively comprise ports and coupling lenses.
The port department of first light beam input passageway, second light beam input passageway is provided with the light source, the port of first light beam output passageway I, second light beam output passageway I, first light beam output passageway II, second light beam output passageway II department is provided with optical detector, adopt optic fibre to link to each other or direct alignment between each port and respective light source or optical detector.
The optical rotation module comprises a Faraday optical rotator and a half-wave plate, and the polarization state of the light beam is changed by utilizing the non-reciprocity of the Faraday optical rotator and the reciprocity of the half-wave plate in the rotation of the polarization state of the light; the polarization state of the light beam input to the light circulation module is unchanged, so that the light beam enters the light circulation module to circulate; the polarization state of the light beam in the direction of the output light circulation module is rotated by 90 degrees, and then the light beam is output by penetrating through the two polarization beam splitters respectively.
The two beam splitters are divided into a first beam splitter and a second beam splitter, and both comprise a partial reflection coating surface and a high-transmittance coating surface, and the partial reflection coating surfaces of the first beam splitter and the second beam splitter are positioned on two sides which deviate from each other; the high-transmittance film coating surfaces of the first beam splitter and the second beam splitter are positioned on two opposite sides.
The light circulation module comprises a first beam splitter 7, a first polarizer 4, a second coupling lens 8, a first optical fiber end face 9, an optical fiber 31, a second optical fiber end face 11, a third coupling lens 12, a second polarizer 15 and a second beam splitter 13 which are sequentially arranged; the first beam splitter 7 and the second beam splitter 13 are partial mirrors and symmetrically incline 45 degrees towards the optical rotation module.
The light beam input by the first light beam input channel enters the light circulation module through the optical rotation module after passing through the polarizer and being reflected by the polarization beam splitter, the light beam input by the first beam splitter 7 passes through the first polarizer 4 and the second coupling lens 8 after being reflected, is coupled to enter the first optical fiber end face 9, is transmitted in the optical fiber and then exits from the second optical fiber end face 11, is expanded by the third coupling lens 12, sequentially transmits through the second polarizer 15, the second beam splitter 13 and the first beam splitter 7, and is coupled to enter the first optical fiber end face 9 again through the second coupling lens 8 to form first circulating light b10, part of the light is reflected by the second beam splitter 13 to output the light circulation module 100 to reach the optical rotation module 6 in each circulation process, and part of the light is reflected by the first beam splitter 7 to output the light circulation module 100 to reach the first light beam output channel II 105;
the light beam input by the second light beam input channel enters the light circulation module through the optical rotation module after passing through the polarizer and being reflected by the polarization beam splitter, the light beam input by the second beam splitter 13 passes through the second polarizer 15 and the third coupling lens 12 after being reflected, is coupled to the second optical fiber end face 11, is transmitted in the optical fiber and then exits from the first optical fiber end face 9, passes through the second coupling lens 8 after being expanded and collimated, sequentially transmits the first polarizer 4, the first beam splitter 7 and the second beam splitter 13, and is coupled to the second optical fiber end face 11 again through the third coupling lens 12 to form second circulating light b20, part of the light is reflected by the first beam splitter 7 to output the light circulation module 100 to reach the optical rotation module 6 in each circulation process, and part of the light is reflected by the second beam splitter 13 to output the light circulation module 100 to reach the second light beam output channel II 106.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention can realize the functions of forward and backward light input, intracavity light circulation, signal light acquisition and the like, keeps the reciprocity of light paths without welding points under the condition of reducing the number of elements, and is beneficial to miniaturization due to multifunctional integration and small-volume packaging; the polarization suppression device has the single polarization characteristic, can suppress the secondary resonance peak, and reduces the influence of polarization fluctuation noise on signal detection; the invention can be applied to various optical fibers based on space optical coupling, especially optical fibers such as photonic crystal fibers and the like which lack an ideal coupler, and is easy to popularize. The method has important significance for reducing the cavity volume of the fiber resonator and improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the fiber resonator.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a preferred structure of a miniaturized single-polarization fiber resonator according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an optically active module;
FIG. 3 is a spectral distribution diagram of a single polarization fiber resonator;
wherein, 1-a first laser light source, 2-a first port, 3-a first coupling lens, 4-a first polarizer, 5-a first polarizing beam splitter, 6-an optical rotation module, 7-a first beam splitter, 8-a second coupling lens, 9-a first fiber end face, 10-a base, 11-a second fiber end face, 12-a third coupling lens, 13-a second beam splitter, 14-a second polarizing beam splitter, 15-a second polarizer, 16-a fifth coupling lens, 17-a fourth port, 18-a second detector, 19-a second port, 20-a fourth coupling lens, 21-a sixth coupling lens, 22-a third port, 23-a first detector, 24-an eighth coupling lens, 25-a sixth port, 26-a fourth detector, 27-a seventh coupling lens, 28-a fifth port, 29-a third detector, 30-a second laser source, 31-an optical fiber, 61-a faraday rotator, 62-a half-wave plate, 100-a light recycling module, 101-a first beam input channel, 102-a second beam input channel, 103-a first beam output channel i, 104-a second beam output channel i, 105-a first beam output channel ii, 106-a second beam output channel ii, b 1-a first light, b 2-a second light, b 10-a first recycled light, b 20-a second recycled light, b 11-a first light in the direction of the input light recycling module, b 21-a second light in the direction of the input light recycling module, b 12-a first light in the direction of the output light recycling module, b 22-outputting the second light ray in the direction of the light circulation module.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures:
please refer to fig. 1, which is a schematic diagram of a preferred structure of a miniaturized single-polarization fiber resonator according to the present invention. The miniaturized single polarization fiber resonant cavity of the invention comprises: the optical rotation module comprises a base 10, and an optical circulation module 100, an optical rotation module 6, a first light beam input channel 101, a second light beam input channel 102, a first light beam output channel I103, a second light beam output channel I104, a first light beam output channel II 105 and a second light beam output channel II 106 which are arranged on the base. The output light beams of the first light beam input channel 101 and the second light beam input channel 102 are respectively a first light beam b1 and a second light beam b2, which are respectively reflected by the first polarization beam splitter 5 and the second polarization beam splitter 14, enter the light circulation module 100 through the optical rotation module 6, exit from the light circulation module 100, again pass through the optical rotation module 6, and then respectively pass through the second polarization beam splitter 14 and the first polarization beam splitter 5, enter the first light beam output channel i 103 and the second light beam output channel i 104, and the first circulating light b10 and the second circulating light b20 in the light circulation module 100 are respectively reflected by the first beam splitter 7 and the second beam splitter 13 inside the light circulation module to enter the first light beam output channel ii 105 and the second light beam output channel ii 106.
The first light beam input channel 101 and the second light beam input channel 102 respectively include a first port 2 and a first coupling lens 3, and a second port 19 and a fourth coupling lens 20, and are configured to receive an external light source input.
The first polarization beam splitter 5 is disposed to be inclined at 45 ° with respect to the first light ray b1, and reflects the first light ray b1 emitted from the first port 2 into the optical rotation module 6. The second polarizing beam splitter 14 is inclined at 45 ° with respect to the second light, and reflects the second light b2 emitted from the second port 19 into the light circulation module 100.
The propagation paths of the first light ray b1 and the second light ray b2 inside the light circulation module 100 are the same in position and opposite in direction. A first beam splitter 7, a second coupling lens 8, a first fiber end face 9, an optical fiber 31, a second fiber end face 11, a third coupling lens 12 and a second beam splitter 13 are sequentially arranged along the propagation path of the first light b 1; the first beam splitter 7 and the second beam splitter 13 are partial mirrors and are symmetrically inclined at 45 degrees.
The circulation loop of the first light ray b1 in the light circulation module 100 is: the first light b1 is input to the first beam splitter 7 and then reflected, and is coupled to enter the first fiber end face 9 through the second coupling lens 8, and is emitted from the second fiber end face 11 after being transmitted in the optical fiber 31, and after being expanded and collimated by the third coupling lens 12, the first light b1 is sequentially transmitted through the second beam splitter 13 and the first beam splitter 7, and is coupled to enter the first fiber end face 9 through the second coupling lens 8 again to form first circulating light b10, and part of the light is reflected by the second beam splitter 13 to output the light circulating module 100 in each circulating process and reaches the optical rotation module 6.
The circulation loop of the second light ray b2 in the light circulation module 100 is: the second light b2 is input into the second beam splitter 13, reflected by the third coupling lens 12, coupled into the second fiber end face 11, transmitted in the fiber, and then emitted from the first fiber end face 9, after being expanded by the second coupling lens 8, and then sequentially transmitted through the first beam splitter 7 and the second beam splitter 13, and then coupled into the second fiber end face 11 by the third coupling lens 12 again to form second circulating light b20, and part of the light is reflected by the first beam splitter 7 to output the light circulating module 100 in each circulating process and reaches the optical rotation module 6.
The first polarizer 4 on the base 10 is disposed between the first coupling lens 3 and the first polarizing beam splitter 5, and between the second coupling lens 8 and the first beam splitter 7. The second polarizer 15 on the base 10 is disposed between the fourth coupling lens 20 and the second polarizing beam splitter 14, and between the third coupling lens 12 and the second beam splitter 13. The first polarizer 4 and the second polarizer 15 have the same polarization direction, and pass light in the direction different from the polarization axis is filtered out, so that the polarization state of the fiber resonant cavity is determined; the first polarizer 4 and the second polarizer 15 may optionally be tilted to reduce back-scattered light.
The optical rotation module 6 on the base 10 is disposed between the first polarization beam splitter 5 and the first beam splitter 7, and between the second polarization beam splitter 14 and the second beam splitter 13, and is perpendicular to the first light ray b1 and the second light ray b 2. The optically active module 6 enters the optical recycling module 100 to be recycled by changing the polarization state of the light beam so that the polarization state of the light beam along the direction of the input optical recycling module 100 in the first light ray b1 and the second light ray b2 is unchanged; the polarization state of the light beams in the direction of the output light recycling block 100 in the first light ray b1 and the second light ray b2 is rotated by 90 °, so that the light beams are transmitted through the first polarization beam splitter 5 and the second polarization beam splitter 13, respectively.
The fiber resonator further comprises a first beam output channel I103 and a second beam output channel I104 which are formed on the base 10. The first light beam output channel I103 is sequentially provided with a fifth coupling lens 16 and a fourth port 17 along the first light propagation direction. The second light beam output channel i 104 is provided with a sixth coupling lens 21 and a third port 22 in sequence along the propagation path of the second light beam b 2. The fifth coupling lens 16 couples the reflected light of the first recycled light b10 inside the light recycling module on the second beam splitter 13 to the fourth port 17. The sixth coupling lens 21 couples the reflected light of the second recycled light b20 inside the light recycling module 100 on the first beam splitter 7 to the third port 22.
Further, the first beam splitter 7 and the second beam splitter 13 include a partially reflective coated surface and a high transmittance coated surface. The partial reflection coating surfaces of the first beam splitter 7 and the second beam splitter 13 are positioned at two sides which deviate; the high-transmissivity film coating surfaces of the first beam splitter 7 and the second beam splitter 13 are positioned at two opposite sides.
Further, the fiber resonator further includes a light source module, which includes a first laser light source 1 and a second laser light source 30. The first laser light source 1 is connected with the first port 2 by adopting an optical fiber or directly aligned to emit a first light ray b 1; the second laser light source 30 is optically connected to or directly aligned with the second port 19 to emit a second light ray b 2.
Further, the fiber resonator further includes a first photodetector 23 and a second photodetector 18. The first optical detector 23 is connected with the third port 22 by optical fiber or directly aligned for detecting the light intensity of the third port 22; the second optical detector 18 is optically connected to or directly aligned with the fourth port 17 for optical intensity detection at the fourth port 17.
Further, the fiber resonator further includes a first beam output channel ii 105 and a second beam output channel ii 106 formed on the base 10, and a seventh coupling lens 27, a fifth port 28, and a third detector 29 are sequentially disposed along the propagation direction of the first light ray b1, respectively. Along the propagation path of the second light ray b2, an eighth coupling lens 24, a sixth port 25 and a fourth detector 26 are sequentially arranged. The seventh coupling lens 27 couples the transmitted light of the first light ray b1 and the reflected light of the first recycled light b10 in the direction of the input light recycling block 100 on the first beam splitter 7 to the fifth port 28. The eighth coupling lens 24 couples the transmitted light of the second light ray b2 and the reflected light of the second recycled light b20 in the direction of the input light recycling block 100 at the second beam splitter 13 to the sixth port 25. The third detector 29 is connected to the fifth port 28 by optical fiber or directly aligned with the fifth port 28 for detecting the light intensity of the fifth port 28. The fourth detector 26 is connected to the sixth port 25 by optical fiber or directly aligned with the sixth port 25 for detecting the light intensity at the sixth port 25.
As shown in fig. 2, there is shown a schematic structural view of the optical rotation module 6, which includes a faraday rotator 61 and a half-wave plate 62. The faraday rotator 61 optically non-reciprocity by the faraday effect causes the polarization states of the light beams b11 and b21 in the direction of the input optical rotation block 6 in the first and second light propagation paths to be rotated clockwise (or counterclockwise) by 45 ° and the polarization states of the light beams b12 and b22 in the direction of the output optical circulation block 100 to be rotated clockwise (or counterclockwise) by 45 °. The half-wave plate 62 sets the fast or slow axis at an angle of 22.5 ° to the incident light beam such that the polarization states of the light beams b11 and b21 in the direction of the input light recycling block 100 in the first and second light propagation paths are rotated by 45 ° clockwise (or counterclockwise) and the polarization states of the light beams b12 and b22 in the direction of the output light recycling block 100 are rotated by 45 ° clockwise (or counterclockwise). The order of the positions of the faraday rotator 61 and the half-wave plate 62 can be interchanged; the combined effect is that the polarization state of light beams b11 and b21 in the direction of input light recycling block 100 in the first and second light propagation paths is unchanged, and the polarization state of light beams b12 and b22 in the direction of output light recycling block 100 is rotated by 90 °.
As shown in fig. 3, the spectral distributions of the first light ray b1 and the second light ray b2 at different input optical frequencies detected by the second detector 18 and the first detector 23 in the fiber cavity are shown. The single polarization fiber resonant cavity only runs in one polarization state, so that a secondary resonance peak in a frequency spectrum curve is suppressed, and only the resonance peak of a solid line part exists, so that polarization fluctuation noise caused by the secondary resonance peak can be reduced.
In conclusion, the invention can realize the functions of forward and backward light input, intracavity light circulation, signal light acquisition and the like, keeps the reciprocity of light paths without welding points under the condition of reducing the number of elements, and is beneficial to miniaturization due to multifunctional integration and small-volume packaging; the polarization suppression device has a single polarization characteristic, can suppress a secondary resonance peak and reduce the influence of polarization fluctuation noise on signal detection; the invention can be applied to various optical fibers based on space optical coupling, especially optical fibers such as photonic crystal fibers and the like which lack an ideal coupler, is easy to popularize, and has important significance for reducing the volume of the fiber resonant cavity and improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the fiber resonant cavity.
Claims (7)
1. A miniaturized single-polarization fiber resonant cavity is characterized by comprising a base, and a light circulation module, a rotation module, a first light beam input channel, a second light beam input channel, a first light beam output channel I, a second light beam output channel I, a first light beam output channel II and a second light beam output channel II which are arranged on the base, wherein, the output light beams of the first light beam input channel and the second light beam input channel are respectively reflected by the respective polarization spectroscope, the light enters the optical rotation module and the optical circulation module again, then respectively penetrates through the polarization spectroscope of the other side, and enters the first light beam output channel I and the second light beam output channel I, partial circulating light in the optical circulation module respectively enters the first light beam output channel II and the second light beam output channel II through the reflection of the two beam splitters in the optical circulation module, and a polarizer is arranged in a light path before the light enters the optical fiber in the optical circulation module;
the light circulation module comprises a first beam splitter, a first polarizer, a second coupling lens, a first optical fiber end face, an optical fiber, a second optical fiber end face, a third coupling lens, a second polarizer and a second beam splitter which are arranged in sequence; the first beam splitter and the second beam splitter are partial reflectors and symmetrically incline 45 degrees to face the optical rotation module;
the optical rotation module comprises a Faraday optical rotator and a half-wave plate, and the polarization state of the light beam is changed by utilizing the non-reciprocity of the Faraday optical rotator and the reciprocity of the half-wave plate in the rotation of the polarization state of the light; the polarization state of the light beam input to the light circulation module is unchanged, so that the light beam enters the light circulation module to circulate; the polarization state of the light beam in the direction of the output light circulation module is rotated by 90 degrees, so that the light beam is output by penetrating through the two polarization beam splitters respectively;
the polarizers are a pair and symmetrically arranged on circulating light paths output by the two beam splitters, and the polarization directions of the first polarizer and the second polarizer are consistent.
2. The miniaturized single polarization fiber resonator of claim 1, wherein the two beam splitters are divided into a first beam splitter and a second beam splitter, each including a partially reflective coated surface and a high transmittance coated surface, the partially reflective coated surfaces of the first beam splitter and the second beam splitter being on opposite sides of the divergence; the high-transmittance film coating surfaces of the first beam splitter and the second beam splitter are positioned on two opposite sides.
3. The miniaturized single-polarization fiber resonator of claim 1, wherein the output ends of the first and second beam input channels are respectively provided with polarizers that are completely matched with the polarizers of the light recycling module.
4. The miniaturized single polarization fiber resonator of claim 3, wherein the polarizers at the output ends of the first and second beam input channels are integral with the polarizer in the optical recycling module.
5. The miniaturized single polarization fiber resonator of claim 1, wherein the first beam input channel, the second beam input channel, the first beam output channel i, the second beam output channel i, the first beam output channel ii, and the second beam output channel ii each comprise a port and a coupling lens.
6. The miniaturized single-polarization fiber resonator according to claim 1, wherein a light source is disposed at a port of each of the first and second beam input channels, and a photodetector is disposed at a port of each of the first and second beam output channels i and ii, and each of the ports is connected to the respective light source or photodetector by an optical fiber or is directly aligned with the respective light source or photodetector.
7. The miniaturized single-polarization fiber resonator according to claim 1, wherein the light beam input from the first light beam input channel enters the optical rotation module through the optical rotation module after passing through the polarizer and reflected by the polarization beam splitter, the input first beam splitter (7) is reflected and then passes through the first polarizer (4) and the second coupling lens (8), is coupled into the first fiber end face (9), and is transmitted in the fiber and then exits from the second fiber end face (11), and after passing through the third coupling lens (12) to be expanded and collimated, after sequentially passing through the second polarizer (15), the second beam splitter (13) and the first beam splitter (7), is coupled into the first fiber end face (9) again through the second coupling lens (8) to form first circulating light (b10), and part of the light is reflected by the second beam splitter (13) during each circulation to output the optical rotation module (100) and reach the optical rotation module (6), part of the light is reflected by the first beam splitter (7) to output the light circulation module (100) to the first light beam output channel II (105);
the light beam input by the second light beam input channel enters the light circulation module through the optical rotation module after passing through the polarizer and being reflected by the polarization beam splitter, the light beam input by the second light beam input channel enters the second optical fiber end face (11) after being reflected by the second beam splitter (13) and being coupled through the second polarizer (15) and the third coupling lens (12), and is transmitted in the optical fiber and then emitted out from the first optical fiber end face (9), after being expanded and collimated by the second coupling lens (8), after sequentially transmitting the first polarizer (4), the first beam splitter (7) and the second beam splitter (13), and the light is coupled into a second optical fiber end face (11) through a third coupling lens (12) again to form second circulating light (b20), part of the light is reflected by a first beam splitter (7) to output a light circulating module (100) to reach an optical rotation module (6) in each circulating process, and part of the light is reflected by a second beam splitter (13) to output the light circulating module (100) to reach a second light beam output channel II (106).
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