CN110554447A - magnetostrictive rain gauge and rain sensing method - Google Patents
magnetostrictive rain gauge and rain sensing method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110554447A CN110554447A CN201910996787.4A CN201910996787A CN110554447A CN 110554447 A CN110554447 A CN 110554447A CN 201910996787 A CN201910996787 A CN 201910996787A CN 110554447 A CN110554447 A CN 110554447A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- rain
- cylinder
- gauge
- magnetostrictive
- rain gauge
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 50
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 208000034699 Vitreous floaters Diseases 0.000 description 22
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920006351 engineering plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004164 analytical calibration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01W—METEOROLOGY
- G01W1/00—Meteorology
- G01W1/14—Rainfall or precipitation gauges
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Atmospheric Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)
Abstract
A magnetostrictive rain gauge is characterized in that a rain receiving port with the cross section area of 314.16cm 2 is used for receiving rainfall, a water storage bottle, a metering measuring cylinder and a bottom cylinder of an artificial rain gauge are combined into a rain gauge with the same diameter, a magnetostrictive sensor, an electric drainage device and an acquisition controller are arranged on the rain gauge to realize automatic rainfall observation and drainage, the resolution of the gauge reaches 0.1-0.01 mm, the rain intensity range is expanded to (0-30 mm)/min, the cross section area of the rain gauge is further reduced to 314.16cm 2/n, the resolution of the gauge can be increased by n times, a rain sensing switch is additionally arranged, the energy can be effectively saved, the rainfall starting and stopping time can be accurately measured, a permanent magnetic floater is improved into a three-dimensional guide type floating disc, the measuring blind area can be reduced, the sensitivity and the stability of the gauge can be improved, and the gauge is superior to the existing gauge in the rain intensity range, the resolution, the accuracy, the reliability, the severe climate environment adaptability, the installation and debugging and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a rain gauge and a rain sensing method, in particular to a magnetostrictive rain gauge and a rain sensing method, belonging to a rainfall measuring instrument.
Background
at present, the observation instruments used for rainfall include: the rainfall meter comprises a manual observation type rainfall meter, a tipping bucket type rainfall meter, a siphon type rainfall meter, a weighing type rainfall meter and a digital floater type rainfall meter; the rain measuring instruments of the above 5 forms are different in structure and working principle, and have respective advantages and disadvantages in technical performance.
the artificial observation type rain gauge includes: the water storage bottle with the phi 200 inner diameter rain bearing port and the capacity of 200ml-2500ml has the advantages of simple structure, low manufacturing cost, high measuring reliability, large volume (60 mm-80mm) and wide applicable rain intensity range of less than or equal to 30 mm/min. The system has the defects that no telecommunication output exists, the system cannot be used for remote measurement, the labor cost of a manual observation station and a standing station is high, and the requirement of social development cannot be met.
The tipping bucket type rain gauge has simple structure and low manufacturing cost. But the accuracy and the rain intensity are far less suitable for manually observing the rain gauge and the siphon rain gauge. Under the strong wind environment, false alarm can be generated when no rainfall exists, false alarm can be generated when rainfall exists, the stability is poor, and the field calibration of instruments is difficult.
The siphon rain gauge comprises: phi 200 rain-receiving port, water storage bottle, floater chamber, floater, pen stop, self-recording pen, self-recording clock, siphon tube, etc. The structure is complicated, the maintenance cost is high, the reliability is poor, no electric signal output exists, the method can only be used for manual station guarding, measurement and record omission can be generated, and the method cannot be used for remote measurement.
the weighing rain gauge is characterized in that ø 200 rain bearing port, water storage bottle, weighing sensor are used as basic rainfall observation instrument, double electromagnetic valves and acquisition controller are used as automatic water inlet and outlet control device and automatic information acquisition device, the structure is complex, the cost is high, the weighing sensor has non-linearity and temperature drift, and the reliability is poor, thus the weighing sensor cannot be popularized and applied.
The digital float type rain gauge is an upgraded version of a float mechanical siphon type rain gauge and is structurally characterized in that ø 200 rain bearing ports, a float cylinder, a siphon drain pipe, a rotary encoder, a float, a measuring wheel, a suspension cable, a balance weight, an electromagnet, an acquisition controller and other equipment are used for realizing automatic observation of the rainfall amount and the rainfall process, a float cylinder water level sensor is a rotary encoder and is required to be provided with a measuring wheel, a measuring cable, the float and the balance weight, the structure is complex, the rotary encoder has rotation friction resistance, the measuring sensitivity is restricted, the float cable and the heavy weight are hung on the measuring wheel, the cable can be off, and the working reliability is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a magnetostrictive rain gauge and a rain sensing method, which solve the defects and shortcomings of the existing instruments, and are superior to the existing observation instruments in rainfall measurement range, rain intensity range, resolution, accuracy, stability, reliability, severe weather and sand dust environmental adaptability, factory inspection, convenience in field installation and adjustment inspection and the like.
the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: the rain gauge includes: the rain sensor comprises a rain bearing port part, a normally open electric valve, a rain sensing switch, a rain measuring cylinder, a cylinder cover flange, a magnetostrictive sensor, an acquisition controller, an electric drainage device and a positioning bracket; the rain bearing part is arranged above the cylinder cover flange, the cylinder cover flange is arranged above the rain measuring cylinder, and the magnetostrictive sensor is arranged on the cylinder cover flange; a rain bearing port funnel of the rain bearing port part is communicated with a water path of the rain measuring cylinder; a rain sensing switch and a normally open electric valve are connected in series in a waterway, the normally open electric valve is electrically connected with a driving control circuit of an acquisition controller, and the acquisition controller is arranged on a cylinder cover flange; the positioning support is positioned at the bottom of the rain gauge, and the bottom end of a detection rod of the magnetostrictive sensor and the bottom end of a drain pipe of the electric drainage device are arranged on the positioning support.
The rain-receiving mouth part comprises: phi 200 rain receiving ports, rain receiving port support cylinders, filter screens and funnels; a rain bearing port support tube is arranged below the rain bearing port phi 200, a filter screen is arranged at the bottom of the rain bearing port support tube, and a funnel is arranged at the outlet of the filter screen.
The rain gauge is an anti-corrosion metal or engineering plastic rain gauge with the functions of water storage, metering and supporting, and bottom water with the height of h 0 is preset in the rain gauge.
The magnetostrictive sensor comprises a detection circuit, a protective shell, a detection rod, a waveguide wire and a permanent magnetic floater, wherein the detection circuit is arranged at the upper end of the detection rod, the detection rod is vertically positioned in the rain measuring cylinder, the protective shell is sleeved outside the detection circuit, the waveguide wire vertically penetrates into the detection rod, and the permanent magnetic floater is sleeved on the detection rod and floats on the bottom water surface at the height of h 0.
The permanent magnetic floater is a permanent magnetic metal floater, or the permanent magnetic floater is a guiding type permanent magnetic floating disc, the diameter phi 2 of the guiding type permanent magnetic floating disc is larger than the diameter of the floating ball phi 1, the height h 2 of the guiding type permanent magnetic floating disc is smaller than or equal to the height h 1 of the permanent magnetic metal floating ball, and the edge of the guiding type permanent magnetic floating disc is provided with a guiding groove k matched with the shape and the size of a drainage pipe.
the acquisition controller comprises a central processing unit, a storage unit, a clock unit, a driving control unit and an I/O interface unit; the storage unit, the clock unit, the drive control unit and the I/O interface unit are all connected with the central processing unit, a detection circuit of the magnetostrictive sensor is electrically connected with the central processing unit through the I/O interface unit, the output end of the drive control unit is electrically connected with the drainage pump, components of the acquisition controller are packaged into a whole and are installed on the cylinder cover flange.
The electric drainage device adopts a self-priming pump for drainage; or a submersible pump is adopted for drainage; or a normally closed electric valve is adopted for draining;
When the self-priming pump is used for draining water, the self-priming pump comprises a self-priming pump, a self-priming pump drain pipe, a self-priming pump water outlet pipe and a drain hole, wherein the self-priming pump is arranged on a cylinder cover flange, the self-priming pump drain pipe is vertically arranged on the cylinder cover flange and extends downwards to the bottom of a rain measuring cylinder, the self-priming pump water outlet pipe is communicated with a water outlet waterway of the self-priming pump, and the drain hole is arranged at a bottom water position at the height of 4h 0 of the rain measuring cylinder;
When the submersible pump is used for draining, the submersible pump is arranged at the bottom of the rainfall cylinder, and water is drained out of the rainfall cylinder through a drainage pipe of the submersible pump and a drainage pipe of the submersible pump;
When the normally closed electric valve device is adopted, an electric valve drainage pipe, a normally closed electric valve and an electric valve water outlet pipe are arranged at the bottom of the rain gauge.
The rain sensing switch comprises: the rain sensing tipping bucket is supported by the small hopper, the rain sensing tipping bucket, the bracket, the water outlet, the tipping bucket permanent magnet, the reed switch and the tipping bucket; a tipping bucket support is arranged in the support, a rain sensing tipping bucket is arranged at the upper end of the tipping bucket support, a water outlet is arranged at the support and the bottom of the tipping bucket, and a tipping bucket permanent magnet and a reed switch are respectively connected to the rain sensing tipping bucket and the corresponding side wall of the support; a small funnel is arranged at the upper end of the bracket, and a water outlet of the small funnel is positioned above the rain sensing tipping bucket; the small funnel is connected with a funnel water path of the rain bearing port part, and a water outlet of the small funnel passes through the cylinder cover flange and is connected with a rain measuring cylinder water path; the reed switch is connected with the acquisition controller circuit.
the rainfall measurement method of the magnetostrictive rain gauge comprises the following steps:
(1) When raining, rainwater is injected into the rain measuring cylinder through the rain bearing port part, the normally open electric valve and the rain sensing switch, the rain sensing switch is started, h 0 is measured and recorded as an initial water level, and the rainfall water level is gradually increased from h 0;
(2) the rainfall liquid level pushes the permanent magnetic floater to gradually rise along with the rise of the rainfall liquid level;
(3) The detection circuit adds a pulse with current narrow pulse width on the waveguide wire, and the pulse propagates along the waveguide wire at the wave speed of the electromagnetic wave;
(4) Under the action of the pulse, a circumferential magnetic field perpendicular to the waveguide wire is generated around the waveguide wire;
(5) When the annular magnetic field meets the magnetic field in the permanent magnetic floater, the annular magnetic field and the magnetic field are mutually superposed to generate a spiral magnetic field, the spiral magnetic field enables the waveguide wire to generate instantaneous torsional deformation to form torsional waves, and the torsional waves return to the detection circuit along the waveguide wire at a constant ultrasonic wave speed;
(6) when the torsional echo propagates to the top end along the waveguide wire, the detection circuit induces torsional echo pulse;
and calculating the time difference between the transmitted pulse and the received echo pulse to determine the variation of the current water level value, and converting the variation into rainfall until the rainfall process is finished.
The design and calculation method of the rain gauge comprises the following specific steps:
(1) the ratio of the sectional area S T of the rain gauge to the sectional area S 0 of the rain receiving port is in a ratio relation, the expression of the ratio coefficient n is n = S 0/S T, wherein S 0 is 314.16cm 2;
(2) under the same capacity, when a rain measuring cylinder with a small diameter is adopted, the effective height (H MAX -H 0) of the rain measuring cylinder is lengthened to n times, and the detection rod is lengthened to n times according to the same proportion;
(3) Under the condition of the same rainfall, the measurement resolution of the rain gauge is 1/n of the indication resolution of the magnetostrictive sensor, and the measurement error limit of the rain gauge is only 1/n of the measurement error limit of the magnetostrictive sensor;
(4) the size of n can be selected between 1 and 25.
The diameter phi 2 of the guide type permanent magnetic floating disc is larger than the diameter of the floating ball phi 1, so that the sensitivity of the magnetostrictive sensor is greatly improved, the height h 2 of the guide type permanent magnetic floating disc is smaller than or equal to the height h 1 of the permanent magnetic metal floating ball, the measuring blind area of the magnetostrictive sensor is reduced, the edge of the guide type permanent magnetic floating disc is provided with a guide groove k matched with the shape and the size of a drainage pipe, the deflection of the permanent magnetic floating disc is effectively prevented, the measuring stability and the measuring reliability are improved, the reed switch is connected with the acquisition controller circuit, the start-stop time of rainfall can be accurately recorded, energy is saved, the axes of the rain gauge, the detection rod and the drainage pipe are kept parallel to each other, the deflection of the detection rod in the rain gauge can be prevented, the structure is more stable, and the stability and the reliability of the measuring instrument are improved.
The positive effects are as follows:
(1) The resolution of the magnetostrictive sensor is 0.1-0.01 mm, the height of the water level in the rain gauge is measured and observed, and compared with the rainfall resolution of 0.05mm observed manually, the resolution of the magnetostrictive sensor is higher and is also higher than that of automatic rainfall measuring instruments such as JFZ-01 and the like. The rod-type large-capacity rain gauge with the small diameter and the equal diameter is used as the water storage bottle, so that the rain gauge has the functions of measurement and support, the wind resistance can be effectively reduced, the stability and the reliability of the measuring instrument are improved, the resolution of the measuring instrument is improved, and the measurement resolution and the accuracy of the rain gauge are effectively improved.
(2) The magnetostrictive sensor is used for measuring rainfall, the water level variability of the magnetostrictive sensor is allowed to reach 400mm/min, and the equivalent condition that the rainfall intensity of the rainfall measuring cylinder measured by the magnetostrictive sensor can bear the rainfall intensity of 400mm/min under the condition that the caliber of the measuring barrel is the same as that of the rainfall bearing caliber, and the magnetostrictive sensor is far superior to that of a tipping bucket type rainfall gauge and other forms of rainfall gauges.
(3) the magnetostrictive sensor has simple structure, only the detection rod and the permanent magnetic floater of the magnetostrictive sensor extend into the rainfall measuring cylinder, and the magnetostrictive sensor is simpler and more reliable than rotating shaft measuring wheels, the floaters, the measuring cables and the balance weight mechanisms of rotary water level encoders of other float type rain gauges.
(4) The magnetostrictive sensor has a packaging rating of IP-68, while the rotary encoder has a packaging rating of only IP-65. Therefore, the protection performance and the reliability grade of the scheme of the invention are better.
(5) Compared with a tipping bucket rain gauge, the factory detection and field detection equipment of the magnetostrictive rain gauge is simpler, and the detection method is simpler, faster and more time-saving. Only need to use standard rainfall graduated flask or measure quantitative clear water with standard ball and pour into instrument and hold the rain mouth into, then observe the instrument output value, the two compares and corrects.
(6) The scheme of the invention has strong adaptability to severe weather, can still stably and reliably work under the conditions of strong wind, sand and dust rainfall, and other rainfall instruments, especially the tipping bucket rain gauge, can not adapt.
(7) The daily maintenance of the instrument is simpler and more convenient.
(8) the permanent magnetic floater can be transformed into a permanent magnetic floating disc with large diameter and low height, so that the stability of the instrument is further improved, and the measuring blind area is reduced.
In conclusion, the rainfall intensity range, the resolution, the accuracy, the stability, the reliability, the adaptability to severe wind, sand and dust climatic environments, the factory inspection, the simplicity and the convenience of field installation, adjustment and inspection and the like of the scheme of the invention are superior to those of the existing rainfall observation instrument. The purpose of the invention is achieved.
The rainfall metering device has the advantages that a rainfall receiving port with the sectional area of 314.16cm 2 is used for receiving rainfall, a water storage bottle, a metering cylinder and a bottom cylinder of the artificial rainfall meter are combined into a rainfall cylinder with the same diameter, a magnetostrictive sensor, an electric drainage device and an acquisition controller are arranged on the rainfall cylinder, automatic rainfall observation and drainage are achieved, the resolution of the rainfall metering device reaches 0.1-0.01 mm, the rainfall intensity range is expanded to (0-30 mm)/min, the sectional area of the rainfall cylinder is further reduced to 314.16cm 2/n, the resolution of the rainfall metering device can be raised by n times, a rainfall sensing switch is additionally arranged, energy can be effectively saved, the rainfall starting and stopping time can be accurately measured, a permanent magnetic floater is improved into a three-dimensional guiding type floating disc, the measuring dead zone can be reduced, and the sensitivity and stability of the rainfall metering device can be improved.
Drawings
fig. 1 is a structural view of a magnetostrictive rain gauge according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a structural diagram of an electric drainage device of the magnetostrictive rainfall gauge, which is a self-priming pump electric drainage device.
fig. 3 is a structural view of an electric drainage device of a magnetostrictive rainfall gauge, which is a submersible pump electric drainage device.
fig. 4 is a structural diagram of an electric drainage device of the magnetostrictive rain gauge, which is a normally closed electric drainage device.
Fig. 5 is a view showing an installation structure of a normally open electric valve of the magnetostrictive rainfall gauge according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a view showing an installation structure of a rain sensor switch of the magnetostrictive rain gauge according to the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a structural diagram of a permanent magnetic floating ball of the magnetostrictive rainfall gauge.
fig. 8 is a structural diagram of a three-dimensional guiding permanent magnet guiding floating plate of the magnetostrictive rainfall gauge.
Fig. 9 is a top view of the magnetostrictive rain gauge of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a structural view of a positioning bracket of the magnetostrictive rain gauge of the invention.
Fig. 11 is a top view of the positioning bracket of the magnetostrictive rain gauge according to the present invention.
fig. 12 is a structural view of a rain sensor switch of the magnetostrictive rain gauge according to the present invention.
fig. 13 is an electrical connection diagram of the acquisition controller of the magnetostrictive rain gauge of the present invention.
In the figure, 1, a rain receiving port component; 2. a normally open electric valve; 3. a rain sensing switch; 4. a rain gauge; 5. a cylinder cover flange 6 and a magnetostrictive sensor; 7. an acquisition controller; 8. an electric drain device; 9. And (5) positioning the bracket.
1-1, phi 200 rain-bearing port; 1-2, a rain bearing port supporting tube; 1-3, a filter screen; 1-4, a funnel.
3-1 parts of small funnel, 3-2 parts of rain sensing tipping bucket; 3-3, a bracket; 3-4, a water outlet; 3-5, a tipping bucket permanent magnet; 3-6, a reed switch; 3-7 and a tipping bucket support.
6-1, a detection circuit; 6-2, a protective shell; 6-3, a detection rod; 6-4, waveguide fiber; 6-5: a permanent magnetic float; 6-5-1 of permanent magnetic metal floating balls; 6-5-2, a guide type permanent magnetic floating disc.
7-1, a central processing unit; 7-2, a storage unit; 7-3, a clock unit; 7-4, a drive control unit; 7-5 and I/O interface units.
8-1, self-priming pump; 8-2, a self-priming pump drain pipe; 8-3, a water outlet pipe of the self-priming pump; 8-4, a drain hole; 8-5, a submersible pump; 8-6, a submersible pump drain pipe; 8-7, a submersible pump water outlet pipe; 8-8 of a normally closed electric valve; 8-9, an electric valve drain pipe; 8-10 parts of electric valve water outlet pipe.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by combining the attached drawings as follows:
Example 1: the rain gauge includes: the rain sensor comprises a rain bearing port part 1, a rain measuring cylinder 4, a cylinder cover flange 5, a magnetostrictive sensor 6, an acquisition controller 7, an electric drainage device 8, a rain sensing switch 3, a normally open electric valve 2 and a positioning bracket 9; the rain bearing port part 1 is arranged above the cylinder cover flange 5, the cylinder cover flange 5 is arranged above the rain measuring cylinder 4, and the magnetostrictive sensor 6 is arranged on the cylinder cover flange 5; the water guide pipe 2 penetrates through the cylinder cover flange 5 to be communicated with a rain bearing port funnel 1-4 of the rain bearing port component 1 and a rain measuring cylinder 4 water way; a rain sensing switch 3 and a normally open electric valve 2 are connected in series in a water path of the water guide pipe 2, the normally open electric valve 2 is electrically connected with a driving control circuit of an acquisition controller 7, and the acquisition controller 7 is arranged on a cylinder cover flange 5; the positioning bracket 9 is positioned at the bottom of the rain gauge 4, and the bottom end of the detection rod 6-3 of the magnetostrictive sensor 6 and the bottom end of the drain pipe 8-2 of the electric drainage device 8 are arranged on the positioning bracket 9.
The rain-receiving port member 1 includes: phi 200 rain receiving port 1-1, rain receiving port support tube 1-2, filter screen 1-3 and funnel 1-4; a rain bearing port support tube 1-2 is arranged below the rain bearing port 1-1 with phi 200, a filter screen 1-3 is arranged at the bottom of the rain bearing port support tube 1-2, and a funnel 1-4 is arranged at the outlet part of the filter screen 1-3.
The rain gauge 4 is a rod-type thin-diameter equal-diameter large-volume rain gauge and an anti-corrosion metal or engineering plastic rain gauge with water storage, metering and supporting functions, and bottom water with the height of h 0 is preset in the rain gauge.
the magnetostrictive sensor 6 comprises a detection circuit 6-1, a protective shell 6-2, a detection rod 6-3, a waveguide wire 6-4 and a permanent magnetic floater 6-5, wherein the detection circuit 6-1 is arranged at the upper end of the detection rod 6-3, the detection rod 6-3 is vertically positioned in the rain gauge 4, the protective shell 6-2 is sleeved outside the detection circuit 6-1, the waveguide wire 6-4 vertically penetrates into the detection rod 6-3, and the permanent magnetic floater 6-5 is sleeved on the detection rod 6-3 and floats on the bottom water surface at the height of h 0.
The permanent magnetic floater 6-5 is a permanent magnetic metal floating ball 6-5-1, or the permanent magnetic floater 6-5 is a guide type permanent magnetic floating disc 6-5-2, the diameter phi 2 of the guide type permanent magnetic floating disc 6-5-2 is larger than the diameter of the floating ball phi 1, the sensitivity of the magnetostrictive sensor 6 is greatly improved, the height h 2 of the guide type permanent magnetic floating disc 6-5-2 is smaller than or equal to the height h 1 of the permanent magnetic metal floating ball 6-5-1, so that the measurement blind area of the magnetostrictive sensor 6 can be reduced, and a guide groove k matched with the shape and the size of the drain pipe 8-2 is arranged at the edge of the guide type permanent magnetic floating disc 6-5-2, so that the permanent magnetic floating disc 6-5-2 is prevented from deflecting, and the measurement stability and the measurement reliability are improved.
the acquisition controller 7 comprises a central processing unit 7-1, a storage unit 7-2, a clock unit 7-3, a drive control unit 7-4 and an I/O interface unit 7-5; the storage unit 7-2, the clock unit 7-3, the driving control unit 7-4 and the I/O interface unit 7-5 are all connected with the central processing unit 7-1, the detection circuit 6-1 of the magnetostrictive sensor is electrically connected with the central processing unit 7-1 through the I/O interface unit 7-5, the output end of the driving control unit 7-4 is electrically connected with the drainage pump 8-1, components of the acquisition controller 7 are packaged into a whole and are installed on the cylinder cover flange 5.
The electric drainage device 8 adopts a self-priming pump 8-1 to drain water; or adopting a submersible pump 8-5 to drain water; or a normally closed electric valve 8-8 is adopted for draining water;
When the self-sucking pump 8-1 is used for draining water, the self-sucking pump 8-1, a self-sucking pump water drainage pipe 8-2, a self-sucking pump water outlet pipe 8-3 and a water drainage hole 8-4 are included, the self-sucking pump 8-1 is installed on the cylinder cover flange 5, the self-sucking pump water drainage pipe 8-2 is vertically installed on the cylinder cover flange 5 and extends downwards to the bottom of the rain measuring cylinder 4, a self-sucking pump water outlet pipe 8-3 is communicated with a water outlet waterway of the self-sucking pump 8-1, the water drainage hole 8-4 is arranged at the bottom water position at the height of 4h 0 of the rain measuring cylinder, and water is drained out of the cylinder through the self-sucking pump water drainage pipe 8-2 and;
When the submersible pump 8-5 is used for draining water, the submersible pump 8-5 is installed at the bottom of the rain measuring cylinder 4, and water is drained out of the rain measuring cylinder 4 through the submersible pump drainage pipe 8-6 and the submersible pump drainage pipe 8-7;
when the normally closed electric valve device 8-8 is adopted, the bottom of the rain measuring cylinder 4 is provided with an electric valve drain pipe 7-9, a normally closed electric valve 8-8 and an electric valve water outlet pipe 8-10.
The rain sensing switch 3 comprises: 3-1 parts of small funnel, 3-2 parts of rain sensing tipping bucket, 3-3 parts of bracket, 3-4 parts of water outlet, 3-5 parts of tipping bucket permanent magnet, 3-6 parts of reed switch and 3-7 parts of tipping bucket support;
A tipping bucket support 3-7 is arranged in the support 3-3, a rain sensing tipping bucket 3-2 is arranged at the upper end of the tipping bucket support 3-7, a water outlet 3-4 is arranged at the support 3-3 and the bottom, and a tipping bucket permanent magnet 3-5 and a reed switch 3-6 are respectively connected on the corresponding side walls of the rain sensing tipping bucket 3-2 and the support 3-3; a small funnel 3-1 is arranged at the upper end of the bracket 3-3, and the water outlet of the small funnel 3-1 is positioned above the rain sensing tipping bucket 3-2; the small funnel 3-1 is connected with a funnel 1-4 of the rain port part by a water way, and a water outlet 3-4 of the small funnel passes through a cylinder cover flange 5 and is connected with a rain measuring cylinder 4 by a water way; the reed switch 3-6 is connected with the acquisition controller 7 through a circuit. The rainfall starting and stopping time can be accurately recorded, and energy is saved.
The normally open electric valve 2 is connected in series on a water guide pipe, the water guide pipe is connected between a water outlet of a funnel 1-4 in the rain bearing port component 1 and the rain measuring cylinder 4, and the normally open electric valve 2 is electrically connected with a driving control unit 7-4 of the acquisition controller 7.
The size and the shape of the positioning support 9 are matched with the inner diameter of the rain gauge 4, and the axes of the rain gauge 4, the detection rod 6-3 and the drain pipe 8-2 are kept parallel to each other. The deflection of the detection rod 6-3 in the rain gauge is prevented, the structure is more stable, and the stability and the reliability of the measuring instrument are improved.
The permanent magnetic floater 6-5 is a permanent magnetic metal floating ball 6-5-1.
The electric drainage device 8 is a self-priming pump electric drainage device 8-1.
The rain sensing method of the magnetostrictive rain gauge comprises the following steps:
(1) When raining, rainwater is injected into the rain measuring cylinder 4 through the rain bearing port part 1, and the rainfall liquid level is gradually increased from h 0;
(2) The rainfall liquid level pushes the permanent magnetic floater 6-5 to gradually rise along with the rise of the rainfall liquid level;
(3) The detection circuit 8-1 adds a pulse with large current and narrow pulse width on the waveguide wire 6-4, and the pulse propagates along the waveguide wire 6-4 at the wave speed of electromagnetic waves;
(4) Under the action of the pulse, a toroidal magnetic field perpendicular to the waveguide wire is generated around the waveguide wire 6-4;
(5) when the toroidal magnetic field meets the magnetic field in the permanent magnetic floater 6-5, the toroidal magnetic field and the magnetic field are mutually superposed to generate a spiral magnetic field, the spiral magnetic field enables the waveguide wire 6-4 to generate instantaneous torsional deformation to form torsional waves, and the torsional waves are transmitted to two ends along the waveguide wire 6-4 at a constant ultrasonic wave speed;
(6) when the torsional echo propagates to the top end along the waveguide wire 6-4, the detection circuit 8-1 induces torsional echo pulse;
and calculating a time difference between the transmitted pulse and the received echo pulse to determine a variation amount of the current water level value.
the design and calculation method of the rain gauge 4 comprises the following steps: the rod-type large-volume rain gauge with small diameter and equal diameter is used as a water storage bottle, so that the rain gauge has the functions of metering and supporting, the wind resistance can be effectively reduced, the stability and the reliability of the measuring instrument are improved, and the resolution of the measuring instrument is improved; the specific method comprises the following steps:
(1) The ratio of the sectional area S T of the rain gauge 4 to the sectional area S 0 of the rain receiving port 1-1 is in a ratio relation, the expression of the ratio coefficient n is n = S 0/S T, wherein S 0 is 314.16cm 2;
(2) Under the same capacity, when a rain measuring cylinder with a small diameter is adopted, the effective height (H MAX -H 0) of the rain measuring cylinder 4 is lengthened to n times, and the detection rod 6-3 is lengthened to n times according to the same proportion;
(3) The measurement resolution of the rain gauge is 1/n of the indication resolution of the magnetostrictive sensor, and the measurement error limit of the rain gauge is only 1/n of the measurement error limit of the magnetostrictive sensor 6;
(4) the size of n can be selected between 1 and 25.
Example 2: the permanent magnetic floater 6-5 is a guiding permanent magnetic floating disc 6-5-2.
the electric drainage device 8 is a submersible pump electric drainage device 8-5.
The rest was the same as in example 1.
Example 3: the electric drainage device 8 is a normally closed electric valve drainage device 8-8.
the rest was the same as in example 1.
Claims (8)
1. A magnetostrictive rain gauge comprises a rain receiving port part, a rain receiving port support cylinder, a filter screen and a funnel, and is characterized by further comprising a normally open electric valve, a rain sensing switch, a rain gauge cylinder, a cylinder cover flange, a magnetostrictive sensor, an acquisition controller and an electric drainage device, wherein the cylinder cover flange is arranged above the rain gauge cylinder, the normally open electric valve and the rain sensing switch are connected between the rain receiving port part and the rain gauge cylinder in series through water paths, the magnetostrictive sensor is arranged on the cylinder cover flange, the acquisition controller and the electric drainage device are arranged on the cylinder cover flange, the normally open electric valve is electrically connected with a driving control circuit of the acquisition controller, the rain gauge cylinder is an equal-diameter cylinder with functions of measurement and measurement, the magnetostrictive sensor comprises a detection circuit, a permanent magnetic protective shell, a detection rod, a waveguide wire and a permanent magnetic floater, the detection circuit is arranged at the upper end of the detection rod, the detection rod is vertically arranged in the rain gauge cylinder, the detection shell is sleeved outside the detection circuit, the waveguide wire vertically penetrates into the detection rod, and the permanent magnetic floater is sleeved on the bottom of the rain gauge cylinder and floats on water surface 0.
2. The magnetostrictive measuring cylinder type rain gauge according to claim 1, wherein the permanent magnetic floater is a permanent magnetic metal floating ball, or the permanent magnetic floater is a guiding permanent magnetic floating disc, the diameter of the guiding permanent magnetic floating disc is larger than that of the permanent magnetic metal floating ball, the height h 2 of the guiding permanent magnetic floating disc is less than or equal to the height h 1 of the permanent magnetic metal floating ball, and a guiding groove k matched with the drainage pipe in shape and size is arranged at the edge of the guiding permanent magnetic floating disc.
3. a magnetostrictive rain gauge as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the bottom of the rain gauge is provided with a positioning support, the size and the shape of the positioning support are matched with the inner diameter of the rain gauge, and the axes of the rain gauge, the detecting rod and the drain pipe are kept parallel to each other.
4. a magnetostrictive cylinder rain gauge according to claim 1, characterized in that: the electric drainage device adopts a self-sucking pump for drainage, or adopts a submersible pump for drainage, or adopts a normally closed electric valve for drainage;
when the self-priming pump is used for draining water, the self-priming pump comprises a self-priming pump, a self-priming pump drain pipe, a self-priming pump water outlet pipe and a drain hole, wherein the self-priming pump is arranged on a cylinder cover flange, the self-priming pump drain pipe is vertically arranged on the cylinder cover flange and extends downwards to the bottom of a rain measuring cylinder, the self-priming pump water outlet pipe is communicated with a water outlet waterway of the self-priming pump, and the drain hole is arranged at a bottom water position at the height of h 0 in the rain measuring cylinder;
When the submersible pump is used for draining, the submersible pump is arranged at the bottom of the rainfall cylinder, and water is drained out of the rainfall cylinder through a drainage pipe of the submersible pump and a drainage pipe of the submersible pump;
When the normally closed electric valve device is adopted, an electric valve drainage pipe, a normally closed electric valve and an electric valve water outlet pipe are arranged at the bottom of the rain gauge.
5. A magnetostrictive cylinder rain gauge according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rain sensing switch comprises: the rain sensing tipping bucket is supported by the small hopper, the rain sensing tipping bucket, the bracket, the water outlet, the tipping bucket permanent magnet, the reed switch and the tipping bucket; a tipping bucket support is arranged in the support, a rain sensing tipping bucket is arranged at the upper end of the tipping bucket support, a water outlet is arranged at the support and the bottom of the tipping bucket, and a tipping bucket permanent magnet and a reed switch are respectively connected to the rain sensing tipping bucket and the corresponding side wall of the support; a small funnel is arranged at the upper end of the bracket, and a water outlet of the small funnel is positioned above the rain sensing tipping bucket; the small funnel is connected with a funnel water path of the rain bearing port part, and a water outlet of the small funnel passes through the cylinder cover flange and is connected with a rain measuring cylinder water path; the reed switch is connected with the acquisition controller circuit.
6. A magnetostrictive cylinder rain gauge according to claim 1, characterized in that: the acquisition controller comprises a central processing unit, a storage unit, a clock unit, a driving control unit and an I/O interface unit; the storage unit, the clock unit, the drive control unit and the I/O interface unit are all connected with the central processing unit, a detection circuit of the magnetostrictive sensor is electrically connected with the central processing unit through the I/O interface unit, and the output end of the drive control unit is electrically connected with the drainage pump.
7. The rainfall measurement method using the magnetostrictive cylinder type rain gauge according to claim 1, characterized in that:
(1) When raining, rainwater is injected into the rain measuring cylinder through the rain bearing port part, the normally open electric valve and the rain sensing switch, the rain sensing switch is started, and the acquisition controller measures and records the height h 0 of the permanent magnetic floater as an initial water level;
(2) The water level of the rain gauge rises gradually from h 0 to push the permanent magnetic floater to rise gradually along with the rise of the rain water level;
(3) the detection circuit adds a current pulse on the waveguide wire, and the pulse propagates along the waveguide wire at the wave velocity of the electromagnetic wave;
(4) Under the action of electric pulse, a toroidal magnetic field which is vertical to the waveguide wire and is transmitted downwards is generated around the waveguide wire;
(5) when the annular magnetic field meets the magnetic field in the permanent magnetic floater, the annular magnetic field and the magnetic field are mutually superposed to generate a spiral magnetic field, the spiral magnetic field enables the waveguide wire to generate instantaneous torsional deformation to form torsional waves, and the torsional waves return to the detection circuit along the waveguide wire at a constant ultrasonic wave speed;
(6) When the torsional echo propagates to the top end along the waveguide wire, the detection circuit induces torsional echo pulse;
and calculating the time difference between the transmitted pulse and the received echo pulse, calculating the variable quantity of the current water level value according to the constant ultrasonic speed, and converting the corresponding rainfall amount until the rainfall process is finished.
8. The magnetostrictive cylinder type rain gauge according to claim 7, wherein the specific method for designing and calculating the magnetostrictive cylinder type rain gauge to improve the measurement resolution and accuracy comprises the following steps:
(1) The ratio of the sectional area S T of the rain measuring cylinder to the sectional area S 0 of the rain receiving port is set as a set ratio relation, and the expression of the ratio coefficient n is n = S 0/S T, wherein S 0 is 314.16cm 2;
(2) Under the same capacity, when a rain measuring cylinder with a small diameter is adopted, the effective height (H MAX -H 0) of the rain measuring cylinder is lengthened to n times every time the sectional area of the rain measuring cylinder is reduced by 1/n, and the detection rod is lengthened to n times according to the same proportion;
(3) Under the condition of the same rainfall, the measurement resolution of the rain gauge is 1/n of the indication resolution of the magnetostrictive sensor, and the measurement error limit of the rain gauge is only 1/n of the measurement error limit of the magnetostrictive sensor;
(4) the size of n can be selected between 1 and 25.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910996787.4A CN110554447A (en) | 2019-10-19 | 2019-10-19 | magnetostrictive rain gauge and rain sensing method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910996787.4A CN110554447A (en) | 2019-10-19 | 2019-10-19 | magnetostrictive rain gauge and rain sensing method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110554447A true CN110554447A (en) | 2019-12-10 |
Family
ID=68743111
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910996787.4A Pending CN110554447A (en) | 2019-10-19 | 2019-10-19 | magnetostrictive rain gauge and rain sensing method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN110554447A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113848597A (en) * | 2021-10-09 | 2021-12-28 | 西安迅腾科技有限责任公司 | A pressure rain gauge |
| CN114084355A (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2022-02-25 | 中国商用飞机有限责任公司 | High-pressure water separator, control method thereof and storage medium |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103018794A (en) * | 2012-10-26 | 2013-04-03 | 浙江大学 | Device for improving measurement accuracy and measurement reliability of single-tipping-bucket rain gauge and use method for same |
| CN104237976A (en) * | 2014-09-11 | 2014-12-24 | 河海大学 | Triggering ultrasonic tipping bucket rain gauge |
| CN106019411A (en) * | 2016-07-06 | 2016-10-12 | 江苏智慧农业技术有限公司 | Pluviometer for large-farmland plantation |
| CN106443836A (en) * | 2016-10-14 | 2017-02-22 | 北京美科华仪科技有限公司 | Liquid level meter type rain gauge |
| CN109813397A (en) * | 2019-04-01 | 2019-05-28 | 张永立 | A three-dimensional guided floating disc liquid level sensor |
| CN210465731U (en) * | 2019-10-19 | 2020-05-05 | 徐州市伟思水务科技有限公司 | Magnetostrictive rain gauge |
-
2019
- 2019-10-19 CN CN201910996787.4A patent/CN110554447A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103018794A (en) * | 2012-10-26 | 2013-04-03 | 浙江大学 | Device for improving measurement accuracy and measurement reliability of single-tipping-bucket rain gauge and use method for same |
| CN104237976A (en) * | 2014-09-11 | 2014-12-24 | 河海大学 | Triggering ultrasonic tipping bucket rain gauge |
| CN106019411A (en) * | 2016-07-06 | 2016-10-12 | 江苏智慧农业技术有限公司 | Pluviometer for large-farmland plantation |
| CN106443836A (en) * | 2016-10-14 | 2017-02-22 | 北京美科华仪科技有限公司 | Liquid level meter type rain gauge |
| CN109813397A (en) * | 2019-04-01 | 2019-05-28 | 张永立 | A three-dimensional guided floating disc liquid level sensor |
| CN210465731U (en) * | 2019-10-19 | 2020-05-05 | 徐州市伟思水务科技有限公司 | Magnetostrictive rain gauge |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113848597A (en) * | 2021-10-09 | 2021-12-28 | 西安迅腾科技有限责任公司 | A pressure rain gauge |
| CN114084355A (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2022-02-25 | 中国商用飞机有限责任公司 | High-pressure water separator, control method thereof and storage medium |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN106092271A (en) | A kind of laser liquid-level measurement apparatus and method | |
| CN101074889A (en) | Float laser liquid-level measuring device | |
| CN203824621U (en) | Device for detecting and testing nested static force water level balanced type measuring weir water gauge | |
| CN110196038B (en) | Measuring mechanism for measuring settlement amount of different elevation points and application thereof | |
| CN203848912U (en) | Calibrating device of liquid level meter | |
| US20090272188A1 (en) | Binary Liquid Analyzer For Storage Tank | |
| CN205383983U (en) | Displacement measuring apparatus | |
| CN108731635A (en) | A kind of dam profundal zone large deformation settlement observer and method | |
| CN110554447A (en) | magnetostrictive rain gauge and rain sensing method | |
| CN114136824B (en) | A kind of soil erosion test device and method | |
| NZ195183A (en) | Determining leakage of liquid into or out of a storage tank by measuring mass displacement of a sensor | |
| CN105258761B (en) | A kind of air bubble type water gauge and a kind of water body include husky quantity measuring method | |
| CN104677432A (en) | Magnetostrictive displacement sensing flowmeter and flow measuring method | |
| CN210108339U (en) | A static level with dual sensitive sensors | |
| RU2627569C1 (en) | Device for measuring water level in reservoirs | |
| CN210465731U (en) | Magnetostrictive rain gauge | |
| CN200958992Y (en) | Magnetic-striction evaporating sensor | |
| CN104535132B (en) | Remote gauged rainfall gaging station | |
| CN204064392U (en) | A kind of bubble method liquid level emasuring device | |
| CN207317897U (en) | A kind of open space Weighing type liquid level meter | |
| CN109282876A (en) | Flow-type liquid level high-precision measurement system | |
| CN209689707U (en) | It is a kind of that variable tension and image recognition technology is taken to measure the detection device of storage tank density, liquid level | |
| CN209387102U (en) | A kind of fixed point water-level gauge | |
| US3250122A (en) | Method of determining interface level in tankage of materials | |
| CN103267509B (en) | Hanging box digital flow direction deflection angle indicator |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20191210 |
|
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |