CN110536519B - A wireless intelligent wall switch based on supercapacitor and rechargeable battery - Google Patents
A wireless intelligent wall switch based on supercapacitor and rechargeable battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN110536519B CN110536519B CN201910900138.XA CN201910900138A CN110536519B CN 110536519 B CN110536519 B CN 110536519B CN 201910900138 A CN201910900138 A CN 201910900138A CN 110536519 B CN110536519 B CN 110536519B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other DC sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/345—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other DC sources, e.g. providing buffering using capacitors as storage or buffering devices
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B20/00—Energy efficient lighting technologies, e.g. halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps
- Y02B20/40—Control techniques providing energy savings, e.g. smart controller or presence detection
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Circuit Arrangement For Electric Light Sources In General (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供了一种基于超级电容和充电电池的无线智能墙壁开关，包括：无线模块单元，包括无线模块和继电器模块，所述无线模块用于接收用户发出的开关控制指令后控制所述继电器模块闭合或断开从而控制灯具亮灭；系统供电及电池电容充电单元，包括超级电容、充电管理电路、充电电池和降压电路；单火取电单元，包括MOS管开关单元、运放单元和电压转换单元。本发明采用无线模块同用户APP通信，达到了双向通讯并实时控制灯具开关及更新灯具状态的效果；在灯具关闭时系统供电由充电电池提供，并不会从火线上窃取电流，从而有效消除了鬼火现象的产生。
The present invention provides a wireless intelligent wall switch based on supercapacitor and rechargeable battery, comprising: a wireless module unit, comprising a wireless module and a relay module, wherein the wireless module is used to control the relay module to close or open after receiving a switch control instruction issued by a user, thereby controlling the on and off of a lamp; a system power supply and battery capacitor charging unit, comprising a supercapacitor, a charging management circuit, a rechargeable battery and a step-down circuit; a single-fire power supply unit, comprising a MOS tube switch unit, an operational amplifier unit and a voltage conversion unit. The present invention adopts a wireless module to communicate with a user APP, achieving the effect of two-way communication and real-time control of the lamp switch and updating the lamp status; when the lamp is turned off, the system power supply is provided by the rechargeable battery, and current will not be stolen from the live wire, thereby effectively eliminating the occurrence of ghost fire phenomenon.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of intelligent switches, and particularly relates to a wireless intelligent wall switch based on a super capacitor and a rechargeable battery.
Background
The intelligent switch with embedded system in market has the problems that 1, the current intelligent switch control adopts one-way communication, namely the remote controller sends out instructions to the switch in one direction, and the state information, self-checking condition and the like of the switch cannot be transmitted out because the two-way communication cannot be realized, and meanwhile, the more flexible application is limited. 2. In order to adapt to the standard wiring mode, electricity is required to be taken through a single live wire, when a single-fire electricity taking scheme is adopted, certain current is required to be stolen when a lamp is turned off, and energy-saving lamps, namely energy-saving lamps, LED lamps and the like are commonly used at present, and the phenomenon that the lamp generates a ghost fire (flickering) if the stolen current is too large due to principle reasons; for an intelligent node in the wireless network, the device needs to receive and transmit related information with certain power, which requires a large instantaneous current and increases the phenomenon of grimacing. In summary, the present switch is designed to accommodate these conditions and overcome the corresponding problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention is directed to a wireless intelligent wall switch based on super capacitor and rechargeable battery to solve the problems of bi-directional communication and flickering of the lamp when the lamp is turned off.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
A wireless intelligent wall switch based on super capacitor and rechargeable battery, comprising:
The wireless module unit comprises a wireless module and a relay module, wherein the wireless module is used for receiving a switch control instruction sent by a user and then controlling the relay module to be closed or opened so as to control the lamp to be turned on or off;
The system power supply and battery capacitor charging unit comprises a super capacitor, a charging management circuit, a rechargeable battery and a voltage reduction circuit, wherein the super capacitor is connected with the single-fire power taking unit and is charged through the single-fire power taking unit; the rechargeable battery supplies power to the system through a voltage reduction circuit; when the electric quantity of the super capacitor reaches a set value, the super capacitor charges the rechargeable battery through a charging management circuit, and meanwhile, the super capacitor supplies power to a system through a voltage reduction circuit;
the single-fire electricity taking unit comprises an MOS tube switch unit, an operational amplifier unit and a voltage conversion unit, wherein the input end of the MOS tube switch unit is connected with a live wire, and the output end of the MOS tube switch unit is connected with the relay module to form a lamp power supply loop; the operational amplifier unit is connected with the MOS tube switch unit to carry out chopping treatment on a lamp power supply loop, partial current is obtained from the MOS tube switch unit and is sent to the voltage conversion unit, and the voltage conversion unit supplies power to the system power supply and battery capacitor charging unit.
Further, the wireless module unit further comprises a double-pole double-throw key switch, wherein one end of one single-pole single-throw switch is connected with the wireless module, and the other end of the single-pole single-throw switch is grounded; one end of the other path of single-pole single-throw switch is connected with the output end of the MOS tube switch unit, and the other end of the other path of single-pole single-throw switch is controlled to be connected with a lamp.
Further, the wireless module is at least one of a zigbee module and a BLE mesh module, and the relay module is a magnetic latching relay.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) The invention adopts the wireless module to communicate with the user APP, thereby achieving the effects of bidirectional communication, real-time control of the lamp switch and lamp state update.
(2) The invention provides the system power supply by the rechargeable battery when the lamp is closed, and does not steal current from the live wire, thereby effectively eliminating the generation of the phenomenon of the ghost fire.
(3) The invention adds the super capacitor and the rechargeable battery on the basis of the traditional single-fire electricity taking scheme, and adopts the method that the super capacitor is charged firstly and then the rechargeable battery is charged by the super capacitor, thereby solving the problem that the current for single-fire electricity taking is too small to charge the rechargeable battery.
(4) The super capacitor of the energy storage element is adopted, so that the endurance time of the battery can be greatly prolonged under the condition that a user turns on the lamp for a period of time on average every day, and the battery can theoretically carry out infinite endurance if the turn-on time reaches a certain duration.
(5) The invention can effectively control the switch of the lamp when the battery is not powered or the user presses the switch, and can synchronously update the state of the lamp.
(6) The invention creates the preferable nickel-hydrogen battery, the super capacitor and the nickel-hydrogen battery have higher safety, and the explosion risk caused by overcharge and overdischarge can not exist.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation on the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a general block diagram of a wireless intelligent wall switch structure based on a super capacitor and a rechargeable battery according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a wireless module unit according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a system power supply and battery capacitor charging unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a single fire power unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of a single fire power cell in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a pin diagram of a wireless module according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 7 is a circuit diagram of a system power supply and battery capacitor charging unit according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.
The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.
The wireless intelligent wall switch based on the super capacitor and the rechargeable battery mainly aims to realize bidirectional communication and control the lamp switch and update the lamp state in real time; meanwhile, when the lamp is turned off, current cannot be stolen from the live wire, and the generation of the phenomenon of the ghost fire is effectively eliminated. Wireless intelligent wall switch based on super capacitor and rechargeable battery, as shown in fig. 1, include:
the wireless module unit 1 comprises a wireless module 4 and a relay module, wherein the wireless module 4 is used for communicating with a user APP, and after an APP switch control instruction is acquired, the relay module is controlled to be closed or opened so as to control the lamp to be turned on or off;
The system power supply and battery capacitor charging unit 2 comprises a super capacitor 7, a charging management circuit 8, a rechargeable battery 9 and a voltage reduction circuit 10, wherein the super capacitor 7 is connected with a single-fire power taking unit and is charged through the single-fire power taking unit; the rechargeable battery 9 supplies power to the system through a voltage reduction circuit 10; when the electric quantity of the super capacitor 7 reaches a set value, the super capacitor 7 charges the rechargeable battery 9 through the charging management circuit 8, and meanwhile, the super capacitor 7 is also connected with the wireless module unit 1 through the voltage reduction circuit 10 to supply power for the system;
The single-fire electricity taking unit 3 comprises a closed state electricity taking circuit when the lamp is on and is used for charging the super capacitor 7; the closed state power taking circuit comprises an MOS tube switch unit, an operational amplifier unit and a voltage conversion unit, wherein the input end of the MOS tube switch unit is connected with a live wire, and the output end of the MOS tube switch unit is connected with the relay module to form a lamp power supply loop; the operational amplifier unit is connected with the MOS tube switch unit to carry out chopping treatment on a lamp power supply loop, partial current obtained from the MOS tube switch unit is sent to the voltage conversion unit after rectification and filtration, and the voltage conversion unit supplies power to the system power supply and battery capacitor charging unit 2. The voltage conversion unit is used for converting an input voltage into a 3.3V voltage, and the voltage conversion unit is an LDO chip 13 or a DC/DC module.
The wireless module 4 is at least one of a zigbee module and a BLE mesh module, and the zigbee module is adopted to communicate with the user APP in the embodiment, so that the effects of bidirectional communication, real-time control of the lamp switch and lamp state update are achieved. Specifically, the embodiment adopts a millet low-power zigbee module MHCZ P, and the definition of module pins is shown in fig. 6. The relay module of the present embodiment is a magnetic latching relay 5.
As shown in fig. 2, the wireless module unit further comprises a double-pole double-throw key switch 6, wherein the double-pole double-throw key switch 6 is composed of 2 paths of linked single-pole single-throw switches, one end of the first path of single-pole single-throw switch is connected with the wireless module, and the other end of the first path of single-pole single-throw switch is grounded; one end of the second path single pole single throw switch is connected with the output end of the MOS tube switch unit, and the other end of the second path single pole single throw switch is connected with the lamp in a control manner and is used for controlling the on and off of the lamp when a user presses the key.
The user can also switch on or off the second path of single-pole single-throw by pressing the double-pole double-throw key switch 6 so as to realize the on and off of the lamp, and the first path of single-pole single-throw of the double-pole double-throw key switch 6 is grounded at one end, and the other end is connected to the I/O of the wireless module 4, so that when the user presses the switch, the user can switch on or off the lamp and simultaneously send corresponding signals to the wireless module 4 so as to realize the updating of the state of the lamp.
The block diagram of the single-fire power taking unit 3 is shown in fig. 4, the MOS transistor switch unit in this embodiment is an NMOS chip 11, and the single-fire power taking unit 3 includes an NMOS chip 11, an op-amp chip 12, an LDO chip 13, and other peripheral circuits formed by resistors, capacitors, diodes, and the like. After the single-fire electricity taking unit 3 works and the magnetic latching relay 5 is closed, live wire current flows IN from L_IN, flows into the magnetic latching relay 5 after passing through the DS end of the NMOS chip 11 (switch), and then flows OUT from the L_OUT end to drive the lamp to work because the magnetic latching relay 5 is closed, so that a lamp power supply loop is formed.
Since the commercial power is an alternating current signal, the current direction is opposite when the commercial power is in a negative period. Therefore, when power is taken, the NMOS chip 11 is controlled by the operational amplifier chip to chop the lamp power supply loop, partial current is obtained from the lamp power supply loop, is rectified and filtered, and then is sent to the LDO chip 13, and is converted into 3.3V to be supplied to the super capacitor 7 of the system power supply and battery capacitor charging unit 2.
As shown in FIG. 5, the NMOS chip of the embodiment is an NMOS tube, the single-fire power taking unit 3 comprises an NMOS tube Q41, an operational amplifier chip U17 and an LDO chip U18, the D pole of the NMOS tube Q41 is connected with live wire current, the S pole is an output end L_OUT, the S pole is connected with the input end of the LDO chip U18 through a Schottky diode D37 and a Schottky diode D38 in sequence, the output end of the LDO chip U18 is connected with the negative end of the operational amplifier chip U17 through a voltage dividing resistor R62, and the positive end of the operational amplifier chip U17 is connected with the negative electrode of the Schottky diode D37 through a voltage stabilizing diode D35; the output end of the operational amplifier chip U17 is connected with the G pole of the NMOS tube Q41 through a current limiting resistor R61, grounded through a pull-down resistor R60, and simultaneously connected with the base electrode of the triode Q40 through a current limiting resistor R63, the collector electrode of the triode Q40 is connected with the negative end of the operational amplifier chip U17 through a resistor R64, and the emitter electrode of the triode Q40 is grounded.
The working principle of the circuit is as follows: the live wire current flows IN from L_IN, flows OUT from L_OUT after passing through the DS end of an NMOS tube Q41 (model is CSD17308Q 3), and a model is B340LB-13-F diode D36 for a large current path of the live wire is connected IN parallel with the DS end of the NMOS tube Q41. The Schottky diode D37 with the model SM4007PL-TP is used for forming a power taking loop from a live wire, the current of the power taking loop flows through the diode D37 and forms 5V output voltage through a voltage stabilizing tube D35 (model MMSZ 5242B-7-F), 5V direct current voltage (relative to the ground L_IN) is generated through the Schottky diode D38 (model SM4003 PL-TP) after being filtered through a capacitor C10, 3.3V direct current voltage is generated through filtering capacitors C24 and C25 and flows into an LDO chip U18 (LDO model LD2981ABU33 TR) after being filtered through a filtering capacitor C27, and the current is divided through a current limiting resistor R62 and a current limiting resistor R64 and then enters the negative end of an operational amplifier chip U17 (model LM321 MF). Meanwhile, the positive end of the operational amplifier chip U17 is connected with a delay circuit consisting of a resistor R59 and a capacitor C9, and the delay circuit is matched with a voltage stabilizing tube D35 to control the output end of the operational amplifier chip U17, and the output end of the delay circuit controls the collector and the emitter of a triode Q40 (model MMBT 3904) through a pull-down resistor R60 and a current limiting resistor R63, so that the voltage of the negative end of the operational amplifier chip U17 is controlled. Meanwhile, the output end of the operational amplifier chip U17 is connected to the grid electrode of the NMOS tube Q41 through the current limiting resistor R61, so that the power-on time of the NMOS tube Q41 is controlled.
The structural block diagram of the system power supply and battery capacity charging unit 2 in the embodiment of the invention is shown in fig. 3, and the system power supply and battery capacity charging unit comprises a super capacitor 7, a charging management circuit 8, a rechargeable battery 9 and a voltage reduction circuit 10, wherein the super capacitor 7 is preferably 2 10F super capacitors connected in series, and the rechargeable battery 9 can be a nickel-metal hydride battery or a lithium battery, and is preferably a nickel-metal hydride battery; the system charges the super capacitor 7 through the LDO chip 13 after the power is taken by the single-fire power taking unit 3 when the lamp is on, and the rechargeable battery 9 supplies power to the system through the step-down circuit 10. The implementation of the step-down circuit 10 is a prior art, and the step-down circuit 10 of the present embodiment is composed of a synchronous step-down chip with the model SY8032 and a peripheral circuit formed by a resistor-capacitor, a diode, etc. which are not described in detail herein. When the voltage of the super capacitor 7 reaches the voltage value set by the charge management circuit 8, the super capacitor 7 charges the rechargeable battery 9 through the charge management circuit 7, and at the same time, the super capacitor 7 supplies power to the system through the step-down circuit 10.
A specific implementation circuit of the super capacitor 7, the charging management circuit 8 and the rechargeable battery 9 of the system power supply and battery capacitor charging unit 2 is shown in fig. 7, and comprises a super capacitor charging chip U1 (model is LTC 3225), a power path management chip U2 (model is LTC 4412), a nickel-hydrogen battery charging management chip U3 (model is CN 3085), a nickel-hydrogen battery, a peripheral resistance-capacitance, a MOS, a diode and the like. The output signal LDO_OUT of the LDO chip 13 is connected with the VIN pin and the SHDN pin of the super capacitor charging chip U1 and the drain electrode of the MOS tube Q6, and the COUT pin of the super capacitor charging chip U1 is simultaneously connected with the drain electrode of the MOS tube Q5 and the VIN pin of the power path management chip U2; the STAT pin of the power path management chip U2 is connected with the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q6, and the GATE pin of the power path management chip U2 is connected with the grid electrode of the MOS tube Q5; the source electrode of the MOS tube Q6 is simultaneously connected with the source electrode of the MOS tube Q5, the SENSE pin of the power path management chip U2, one end of the resistor R5, one end of the resistor R4, the VIN pin of the nickel-metal hydride battery charging management chip U3 and one end of the resistor R9; the other end of the resistor R2 is connected with the STAT pin of the U2, the other end of the resistor R5 is connected with the RC pin of the nickel-metal hydride battery charging management chip U3, the other end of the resistor R4 is connected with the CHRG pin of the nickel-metal hydride battery charging management chip U3 through the light-emitting diode D1, the other end of the resistor R9 is connected with the TEMP pin of the U3, and the TEMP pin of the U3 is grounded through the resistor R7; the BAT leg of U3 charges the nickel-metal hydride battery through a series connected diode D2 and resistor R11. In this embodiment, the power path management chip U2, the nickel-metal hydride battery charge management chip U3, and peripheral circuits such as a resistor, a capacitor, and a diode constitute the charge management circuit 8.
The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
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| CN201910900138.XA CN110536519B (en) | 2019-09-23 | 2019-09-23 | A wireless intelligent wall switch based on supercapacitor and rechargeable battery |
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| CN201910900138.XA CN110536519B (en) | 2019-09-23 | 2019-09-23 | A wireless intelligent wall switch based on supercapacitor and rechargeable battery |
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| CN112769208B (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2024-03-22 | 西安精密机械研究所 | Low-power-consumption energy storage power supply device and method based on super capacitor |
| CN113099586A (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2021-07-09 | 佛山市威格特电气设备有限公司 | Flashlight control circuit based on intelligent helmet |
| CN113825288B (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2024-06-25 | 天津华来科技股份有限公司 | A feedback circuit for the state of a single-fire power-taking switch |
| CN115052405A (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-09-13 | 天津华来科技股份有限公司 | Single-live-wire anti-lighting lightning source management system based on low-power-consumption mcu |
| CN116165910A (en) * | 2023-02-10 | 2023-05-26 | 深圳市欧瑞博科技股份有限公司 | Electronic switch circuit and smart home system |
| CN119300219B (en) * | 2024-11-28 | 2025-11-25 | 深圳松诺技术有限公司 | A smart single-fire switch control circuit, system, and method |
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