CN110534006A - A kind of fire-fighting simulated training system for harmful influence tank car - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a fire-fighting simulation training system and method for hazardous chemical tankers. When the electromagnetic lock is electrically locked, the PLC controls the fuel pump to start, the solenoid valve is opened, and the fuel is atomized and sprayed after passing through the fuel injector, simulating the leakage of the hazardous chemicals tanker; after a few seconds, the air supply solenoid valve is opened, and the ignition device is activated Ignite the sprayed fuel to simulate the burning of the leaking part; after a few seconds, the electromagnetic lock of the ejection device is de-energized and demagnetized, and the ejection rod will eject the head, simulating the explosion and rupture of the tanker, and at the same time increase the flow in the oil pipeline, so that the The entire head burns to simulate the leakage and explosion process of the tanker. The invention designs an intelligent combustion control system matched with the device, which can perfectly simulate the combustion and explosion process caused by the leakage of liquid hazardous chemicals, and can also simulate the sudden explosion and combustion of gaseous pressure vessels, fully satisfying the needs of firefighters. Practical training needs in a complex field environment.

Description

A fire-fighting simulation training system for hazardous chemicals tankers

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of firefighting training, in particular to a highly realistic simulation training system for firefighting.

Background technique

With the rapid development of my country's economy and society, disaster-causing factors have increased significantly, the probability of fire occurrence and the difficulty of prevention and control have increased accordingly, new energy sources and new materials have emerged in large numbers, building volumes have increased significantly, building types have become increasingly complex, and fire fighting and rescue battles have become more difficult. And the danger is increasing day by day. However, the infrastructure construction of public fire safety is not in line with economic and social development, the ability to guarantee fire safety is not in line with the safety needs of the people, the public awareness of fire safety is not in line with the management requirements of modern society, and the situation of fire protection work is still severe. In the fire-prone, frequent period.

Firefighting is a potentially dangerous profession. Firefighters need to perform firefighting and rescue tasks when their lives are threatened, and take effective and appropriate measures to control and eliminate fires in a timely manner under dangerous and stressful environments. However, after all, the fire scene is a very painful learning environment. The disaster situation is complex and changeable, and the fire scene is dangerous everywhere. When many firefighters face extremely dangerous scenes, they are afraid due to the strong stimulation of the fire fighting and rescue scene or when their lives are threatened. , nervous, dazed emotions, the skilled fire-fighting skills acquired during training do not know how to use it at this time, so firefighter casualties often occur in fire fighting.

Fire protection involves all fields of society, and has a very close relationship with various industries and people's lives, and is directly related to the safety of people's lives and property and social stability. In recent years, some major fires in my country have caused dozens or even hundreds of casualties and economic losses of millions, tens of millions or even hundreds of millions of yuan. This has not only brought misfortune to many families , but also reduced a great deal of social wealth to ashes. Not only that, the aftermath of the accident often involves a lot of energy from the government, which is serious to social stability and economic development. Some fire accidents have also become the focus of public opinion at home and abroad, causing adverse social impacts. The lessons are very painful and profound. Therefore, it is of great practical significance for economic development and social harmony to do a good job in fire protection and prevent and reduce fire accidents, especially the occurrence of vicious fire accidents involving mass deaths and injuries.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, and the purpose of the present invention is to provide a professional simulation device and system for fire-fighting and disposal, aiming at the problem that the existing fire-fighting training cannot truly simulate the explosion, leakage and combustion of hazardous chemical tankers. Fire simulation training provides a realistic training environment.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to achieve the above-mentioned purpose is: a fire-fighting simulation training system for hazardous chemicals tankers, comprising:

Tanker body, used to simulate a tanker;

The ejection device is arranged on the outside of the tanker car and used to eject the head of the tanker;

Electric hoist device, installed outside the tank car body, used to close the head of the tank car;

Combustion control system, installed inside the tanker body, used for ignition or combustion.

The tank car body is a closed cylindrical shell, which is arranged horizontally; one end is provided with an openable and closable head.

The edge of the head is provided with a baffle and a ring.

The ejection device includes an ejection box, an ejection rod, a spring and two electromagnetic locks arranged in the ejection box; the ejection box is fixed on the outer surface of the vehicle body;

The ejection box bottom plate is provided with a first electromagnetic lock, a spring and a second electromagnetic lock in sequence; one end of each electromagnetic lock is fixed on the ejection box bottom plate, and the other end is used to attract the base of the ejection rod; the axis of the ejection rod Intersect with the stopper on the tanker head.

The ejection rod is connected with a base. When the electromagnetic lock is de-energized, the magnetization is lost, and the spring elastic force drives the base to eject the ejection rod and hits the blocking plate on the head, causing the head to bounce.

The axis of the ejection rod is parallel to the axis of the vehicle body.

The electric hoist device adopts an electric hoist; the pulley is arranged on the top of the outer surface of the vehicle body, the hook is used to hook the ring on the head, and the electric hoist drives the iron chain to close the head.

The combustion control system includes a PLC, an oil delivery pump, an oil delivery pipe, an air supply pipe and an ignition device; the oil delivery pipe is provided with an oil delivery pump, a pressure reducer and a solenoid valve in sequence, and a control valve is arranged on the gas supply pipe; the oil delivery pump , solenoid valve and control valve are all connected with PLC; the head end of the oil pipe and the head end of the gas supply pipe are respectively connected with the oil source and the gas source, the end part of the oil pipe is arranged in an arc along the inner wall of the vehicle, and the arc part of the oil pipe A plurality of fuel injection nozzles are evenly arranged on the upper part; the distance between the end of the air supply pipe and any fuel injection nozzle is less than the radius of the arc; the end of the air supply pipe and the oil delivery pipe of the arc-shaped part constitute an ignition device, and the side of the ignition device is vertically provided with Fender.

A fire-fighting simulation training method for a hazardous chemical tanker, comprising the following steps:

The electric hoist device retracts the chain, the head closes, and the blocking plate on the head squeezes the ejection rod backwards. When the closing of the head is completed, the electromagnetic lock of the ejection device is fitted with the base of the ejection rod;

When the electromagnetic lock is electrically locked, the PLC controls the fuel pump to start, the solenoid valve opens, and the fuel is atomized and sprayed after passing through the fuel injector, simulating the leakage of the hazardous chemicals tanker; after a few seconds, the air supply solenoid valve opens and the ignition device starts. Ignite the sprayed fuel to simulate the burning of the leaked part; after a few seconds, the electromagnetic lock of the ejection device is powered off and demagnetized. The entire head burns to simulate the leakage and explosion process of the tanker.

The present invention has the following beneficial effects and advantages:

1. The present invention proposes a recoverable rupture system for the head of a hazardous chemical tanker, which successfully solves the problem that the existing hazardous chemical tanker device for fire simulation training cannot simulate the rupture of the head.

2. The invention greatly improves the rupture speed and stability of the head of the hazardous chemical tanker through the electromagnetic lock ejection rupture system, and the strong rupture effect enhances the realism of fire model training.

3. The present invention adopts the design of electric hoist recovery system. The PLC controls the electric hoist to reverse and pull the chain to quickly recover the rupture device, greatly reducing the rupture recovery time of the dangerous chemical tanker and improving the training efficiency.

4. The invention designs an intelligent combustion control system matched with the device, which can perfectly simulate the combustion and explosion process caused by the leakage of liquid hazardous chemicals, and can also simulate the sudden explosion and combustion of gaseous pressure vessels, which fully meets the requirements of fire protection. Practical training needs of personnel in various complex field environments.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall design diagram of the rupture system of the present invention;

2 is a top view of the structure of the head portion of the hazardous chemicals tanker according to the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the internal design diagram of the intelligent combustion control system of the present invention;

Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the ignition device of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and implementation examples.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the head rupture system of the hazardous chemical tanker according to the present invention is generally designed with two execution systems, namely an electromagnetic lock ejection rupture system and an electric hoist recovery system. The electromagnetic lock ejection rupture system is installed on the side of the hazardous chemicals tanker, and the ejection rod is fixed with a bracket to align the baffle on the rupture head of the tanker. The electric hoist recovery system is installed on the top, and two fixed pulleys are used to guide the chain movement.

The electromagnetic lock ejection rupture system shown in Figure 2 includes a "bow"-shaped ejection rod, a high-voltage spring, and two electromagnetic locks. One end of the electromagnetic lock is fixed on the bottom plate of the ejection box, and the other end is fixed on the ejection rod. When the chain is tightened, the head slowly recovers, and the baffle on the head squeezes the ejection rod backwards. After being compressed to the position, the head is broken and restored, and the two ends of the electromagnetic lock are just fit. At this time, the PLC controls the electromagnetic After the electric hoist is locked, the electric hoist rotates forward, and the chain is loosened and then unhooked. At this time, the broken part of the head closes naturally due to gravity. At this time, the PLC controls the electromagnetic lock to power off. The baffle on the head causes the head to pop open instantly, thus completing the rupture effect. A hinge is arranged in the middle of the head, the lower half is fixed on the vehicle body, and the upper half can be opened and closed.

Figure 3 shows the intelligent combustion control system, including oil delivery system, gas supply system, ignition system, atomization fuel injection and other subsystems. The fuel delivery system includes fuel pump, solenoid valve, pressure reducer, pressure gauge, shut-off valve, filter and other equipment, and finally delivers the fuel to the fuel injection nozzle. The arc of the fuel injection nozzle is 30-40cm apart. The pressure is maintained at 3-4MPa and is atomized into a fine oil mist through the fuel injector for rapid ignition. The gas supply system includes electromagnetic valve, pressure reducer, pressure gauge, flame arrester and other equipment to ensure the safe and stable delivery of gas to the ignition device. The interior of the ignition device is shown in Figure 4. The ignition device is located on the inside of the rupture opening, 30cm below the fuel injector, and there is a guard plate to prevent the gun from being shot directly to the ignition device, causing the ignition to fail. In the ignition device, the ignition rod is continuously ignited by high-voltage pulses, and the gas sent to the high temperature-resistant burner is ignited. There are wind and water barriers on the outside of the burner to prevent firefighters from extinguishing the flame at the burner during the continuous high-intensity fire-fighting process. , to ensure high flame burning intensity and good stability.

The overall control adopts the international advanced PLC manufacturer's control system to conduct real-time online detection of parameters such as ambient temperature, gas concentration, flame intensity, and pipeline pressure. When the temperature in the tank is greater than 40 degrees, or the concentration of combustible gas is greater than 200ppm, the system stops ignition and combustion and turns on the exhaust fan for ventilation and cooling. When the ignition operation is in progress, if the flame monitor next to the burner cannot detect the flame, the ignition and oil supply and gas supply will be stopped immediately to prevent the unignited fuel and gas from leaking into the tank and causing a major safety hazard. The pressure of the fuel oil and gas pipelines should be stably controlled by PLC within a certain range. If the pressure is too high, the outlet flow rate will be too fast, and the combustion will cause misfire. The combustion simulation effect will be unreal. Completely atomized, the burning flame is small, the smoke is much, it is unstable, and it is easy to be extinguished by the water gun.

The system can recover the ruptured head, start the oil pump controlled by PLC under the state of electromagnetic lock and electric locking, open the solenoid valve, and spray light diesel after spraying through the fuel injector, simulating the leakage of hazardous chemicals tanker. After 20s, the air supply solenoid valve is turned on, the ignition device is activated to ignite the sprayed fuel, simulating small-scale combustion of the leaked part, and after 30s, the electromagnetic lock is powered off and the magnetism is lost. This process can perfectly fit the process of first burning and then explosion caused by leakage of liquid hazardous chemicals, and cooperate with firefighters to carry out targeted firefighting and rescue training in a similar process.

The system can also control the electromagnetic lock to lose its magnetism when the broken head is restored and the electromagnetic lock is electrically locked. The ejection rod will pop the head open instantly, simulating the rupture caused by the sudden explosion of the tank truck. After 5s, the oil transfer pump will start. , the solenoid valve is opened, and the light diesel is atomized and sprayed after passing through the fuel injector, simulating the leakage of the hazardous chemicals tanker. After 15s, the air supply solenoid valve is opened, and the ignition device is activated to ignite the atomized fuel, causing the entire head to rupture. This process can perfectly fit the process of sudden explosion and subsequent combustion of gaseous pressure vessels, and cooperate with firefighters to carry out targeted firefighting and rescue training in a similar process.

The above examples are used to explain the present invention, rather than limit the present invention. Within the spirit of the present invention and the protection scope of the claims, any modifications and changes made to the present invention all fall into the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. a fire-fighting simulation training system for hazardous chemicals tanker, is characterized in that, comprises: Tanker body, used to simulate a tanker; The ejection device is arranged on the outside of the tanker car and used to eject the head of the tanker; Electric hoist device, installed outside the tank car body, used to close the head of the tank car; Combustion control system, installed inside the tanker body, used for ignition or combustion. 2. A fire-fighting simulation training system for a hazardous chemicals tanker according to claim 1, characterized in that, the tanker body is a closed cylindrical shell, which is arranged horizontally; one end is provided with an openable and closable header. 3 . The fire-fighting simulation training system for hazardous chemicals tankers according to claim 1 , wherein the edge of the head is provided with a baffle and a ring. 4 . 4. A fire-fighting simulation training system for a hazardous chemical tanker according to claim 1, wherein the ejection device comprises an ejection box and an ejection rod, a spring, two electromagnetic fields arranged in the ejection box lock; the ejection box is fixed on the outer surface of the vehicle body; The ejection box bottom plate is provided with a first electromagnetic lock, a spring and a second electromagnetic lock in sequence; one end of each electromagnetic lock is fixed on the ejection box bottom plate, and the other end is used to attract the base of the ejection rod; the axis of the ejection rod Intersect with the stopper on the tanker head. 5. A fire-fighting simulation training system for hazardous chemical tankers according to claim 4, wherein the ejection rod is connected with a base, and when the electromagnetic lock is powered off, the magnetism is lost, and the spring elastic force drives the base to make the ejection The rod pops out, hitting a stop on the head, causing the head to pop open. 6 . The fire-fighting simulation training system for a hazardous chemical tanker according to claim 4 , wherein the axis of the ejection rod is parallel to the axis of the vehicle body. 7 . 7. A fire-fighting simulation training system for a hazardous chemical tanker according to claim 1, wherein the electric hoist device adopts an electric hoist; the pulley is arranged on the top of the outer surface of the vehicle body, and the hook is used for hooking Hold the ring on the head, and the electric hoist drives the chain to close the head. 8. A fire-fighting simulation training system for hazardous chemicals tankers according to claim 1, wherein the combustion control system comprises a PLC, an oil pump, an oil pipe, an air supply pipe and an ignition device; An oil delivery pump, a pressure reducer and a solenoid valve are arranged in sequence, and a control valve is arranged on the gas supply pipe; the oil delivery pump, the solenoid valve and the control valve are all connected with the PLC; the head end of the oil delivery pipe and the head end of the gas supply pipe are respectively Connected with the oil source and the gas source, the end part of the oil delivery pipe is arranged in an arc shape along the inner wall of the vehicle body, and a plurality of fuel injection nozzles are evenly arranged on the oil delivery pipe of the arc-shaped part; The distance is less than the radius of the arc; the end of the gas supply pipe and the oil delivery pipe in the arc part constitute an ignition device, and a water blocking plate is vertically arranged on the side of the ignition device. 9. A fire-fighting simulation training method for a hazardous chemical tanker, characterized in that, The electric hoist device retracts the chain, the head closes, and the blocking plate on the head squeezes the ejection rod backwards. When the closing of the head is completed, the electromagnetic lock of the ejection device is fitted with the base of the ejection rod; When the electromagnetic lock is electrically locked, the PLC controls the fuel pump to start, the solenoid valve opens, and the fuel is atomized and sprayed after passing through the fuel injector, simulating the leakage of the hazardous chemicals tanker; after a few seconds, the air supply solenoid valve opens and the ignition device starts. Ignite the sprayed fuel to simulate the burning of the leaked part; after a few seconds, the electromagnetic lock of the ejection device is powered off and demagnetized. The entire head burns to simulate the leakage and explosion process of the tanker.