CN110531525A - The device shown for realizing the nearly eye of 3-D image - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to display technology, in particular to a device for realizing near-eye display of three-dimensional images. According to an aspect of the present invention, a device for realizing near-eye display of a three-dimensional image includes: a light field rendering unit configured to reconstruct light field information of a target object to reproduce a virtual scene, and the light field rendering unit includes: a spatial light modulator and a phase plate arranged in the light emitting direction of the spatial light modulator, which has a diffractive structure, and the diffractive structure is configured to project images of different viewing angles in the virtual scene to respective corresponding observation positions; and virtual reality A fusion unit configured to output a three-dimensional image that fuses the virtual scene and the real scene.

Description

Apparatus for near-eye display of three-dimensional images

technical field

The invention relates to display technology, in particular to a device for realizing near-eye display of three-dimensional images.

Background technique

The current 3D display is mainly based on the binocular parallax principle of the human eye, which allows the left and right eyes of the human to obtain different image information by means of optical elements such as parallax barriers or cylindrical lens arrays.

In the near-eye display devices disclosed in US Pat. fatigue. US Patent No. 00795952 discloses a method of combining optical fiber micro-projection and optical waveguide lens to realize three-dimensional display of light field, but this method is technically difficult. U.S. Patent US008014050B2 discloses an optical holographic phase plate for three-dimensional display. The nano-phase plate described includes a volume grating structure and a photosensitive material. The diffraction efficiency and phase delay of a single pixel unit can be controlled by a single electrode array. , realizing the rapid control of the phase of the light field. However, it is difficult to miniaturize a single pixel by using this electrode array, and its display effect cannot meet the comfort and clarity required by consumers.

Contents of the invention

An object of the present invention is to provide a device for near-eye display of three-dimensional images, which has the advantages of low manufacturing cost, simple design and compact structure.

A device for realizing near-eye display of a three-dimensional image according to one aspect of the present invention includes:

A light field rendering unit configured to reconstruct light field information of a target object to reproduce a virtual scene, the light field rendering unit comprising:

a spatial light modulator; and

The phase plate arranged in the light-emitting direction of the spatial light modulator has a diffraction structure, and the diffraction structure is configured to project images of different viewing angles in the virtual scene to respective corresponding observation positions; and

A virtual-real fusion unit configured to output a three-dimensional image that fuses the virtual scene and the real scene.

Preferably, in the above device, the device further includes a projection unit configured to transmit the virtual scene output by the light field rendering unit to the virtual-real fusion unit.

Preferably, in the above device, the spatial light modulator includes a plurality of voxels, each voxel includes a plurality of sub-pixels, each sub-pixel corresponds to a different viewing angle, and the diffraction structure includes a plurality of nanostructure units, each The nanostructure units are configured to project light beams from sub-pixels corresponding to the same viewing angle among the plurality of voxels to the same observation position associated with the sub-pixels.

Preferably, in the above device, the spatial light modulator includes a plurality of voxels, each voxel includes a plurality of sub-pixels, each sub-pixel corresponds to a different viewing angle, and the diffraction structure includes a plurality of nanostructure units, each The nanostructure units are configured to project light beams from a sub-pixel corresponding to the same viewing angle among the plurality of voxels to a set of viewing positions associated with the sub-pixel.

Preferably, in the above device, a set of observation positions is a plurality of observation positions distributed along the horizontal direction and/or laterally.

Preferably, in the above device, the spatial light modulator is one of the following: a DLP display, an LCOS display or a liquid crystal display.

Preferably, in the above device, the virtual-real fusion unit includes a waveguide, a first nano-grating and a second nano-grating arranged inside the waveguide, wherein the first nano-grating diffracts incoming light, and the waveguide makes The light diffracted by the first nano-grating is totally reflected, and the second nano-grating diffracts the totally reflected light to guide the light from the waveguide to the viewable area.

Preferably, in the above device, the virtual-real fusion unit includes three layers of transparent light-field lenses stacked together, each layer of transparent light-field lenses includes a waveguide, a first nano-grating and a second nano-grating arranged inside the waveguide, wherein , the first nano-grating diffracts the incoming light, the waveguide totally reflects the light diffracted by the first nano-grating, and the second nano-grating diffracts the totally reflected light to guide the light from the waveguide to the viewing area, wherein the first nano-gratings of each layer of transparent light field lenses have different orientation angles and/or periods, and the second nano-gratings of each layer of transparent light field lenses have different orientation angles and/or cycle.

Preferably, in the above device, the virtual-real fusion unit includes a prism, a waveguide, and a nano-grating arranged inside the waveguide, wherein the prism makes the incident light refract into the waveguide, and the waveguide makes the refracted light totally reflect, and the The nanograting diffracts the totally reflected light to direct it from the waveguide to the viewing area.

Preferably, in the above device, the virtual-real fusion unit includes a prism, a waveguide, and a pair of mirrors disposed inside the waveguide, wherein the prism refracts the incident light into the waveguide, and the waveguide completely reflects the refracted light, The mirror diffracts the totally reflected light to direct the light from the waveguide to the viewing area.

Preferably, in the above device, the virtual-real fusion unit includes a first waveguide lens, a second waveguide lens, a first group of nano-gratings, a second group of nano-gratings and a third group of nano-gratings, and the first group of nano-gratings is located at Between the first and second waveguide lenses, the second group of nano-gratings is located on the surface of the second waveguide lens away from the first waveguide lens, and the third group of nano-gratings is located on the second group of nano-gratings, The first-third groups of nano-gratings have different orientation angles and/or periods.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a device for realizing near-eye display of a three-dimensional image according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a phase plate that can be used in the device shown in FIG. 1 .

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the phase plate shown in FIG. 2 in the X-Y plane and the X-Z plane.

Fig. 4 is a nanostructure distribution diagram of a directional functional film that realizes convergence of a single viewpoint.

5a and 5b are respectively schematic diagrams of realizing single-viewpoint and multi-viewpoint by using a light field reproduction unit according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for realizing near-eye display of a three-dimensional image according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for realizing near-eye display of a three-dimensional image according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for realizing near-eye display of a three-dimensional image according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a top view of a virtual-real fusion unit according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for realizing near-eye display of a three-dimensional image according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Figures 11a and 11b are schematic diagrams of the expansion of the visible area in the vertical direction and in the horizontal direction, respectively, by using the phase plate as described above. Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of a virtual-real fusion unit according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of a device for near-eye display of a three-dimensional image according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of a device for near-eye display of a three-dimensional image according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The purpose of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a device for realizing near-eye display of a three-dimensional image according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The device 100 for near-eye display of 3D images shown in FIG. 1 includes a light field rendering unit 110 , a projection unit 120 and a virtual-real fusion unit 130 . In this embodiment, the light field rendering unit 110 is configured to reconstruct the light field information of the target object to reproduce the virtual scene. The projection unit 120 is optically coupled between the light field rendering unit 110 and the virtual-real fusion unit 130, and is configured to transmit the virtual scene output by the light field rendering unit 110 to the A virtual-real fusion unit 130 . The virtual-real fusion unit 130 is configured to output a three-dimensional image that fuses the virtual scene and the real scene together.

It should be pointed out that the projection unit 120 is an optional component. Optionally, through proper design, the virtual scene reconstructed by the light field rendering unit 110 can be directly coupled to the virtual-real fusion unit 130 .

In this embodiment, the light field reconstruction unit 110 includes a spatial light modulator and a phase plate to realize light field reconstruction.

The spatial light modulator is used for amplitude modulation, that is, to load image information mixed with multiple views. The spatial light modulator may include, for example, a display panel, a driving circuit, a control system, software control, and the like. According to the needs of specific application fields, the spatial light modulator can realize monochrome or color display. Preferably, the spatial light modulator may use one of a DLP display, an LCOS display and a liquid crystal display. The spatial light modulator may comprise a plurality of voxels or amplitude modulated pixels, each voxel comprises a plurality of sub-pixels, and each sub-pixel corresponds to a different viewing angle.

The phase plate has a diffraction grating structure including a plurality of voxels. Furthermore, each voxel of the phase plate contains a plurality of nanostructure units, and each nanostructure unit is matched and aligned with the viewing angle image pixel of the spatial light modulator, that is to say, the multiple voxels from the spatial light modulator Light beams corresponding to sub-pixels of the same viewing angle are projected to a set of viewing positions associated with the sub-pixels.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a phase plate that can be used in the device shown in FIG. 1 .

Without loss of generality, the situation shown in FIG. 2 takes 5 viewing angles as an example and only shows three voxels of the phase plate, but it is obvious that this embodiment can be applied to situations with other numbers of viewing angles. As shown in FIG. 2, phase plate 212 includes voxels 212A-212C. Each voxel of the phase plate 212 is in the form of a pixel unit and contains 5 nano-grating regions or sub-pixels with different periods and/or orientation angles. When light from the sub-pixels of the spatial light modulator arrives, different nano-grating regions The light will be deflected to different viewing positions or viewing angles 1-5, thereby realizing the projection of light beams of the same viewing angle to multiple viewing positions, thereby realizing a three-dimensional display with separated viewing angles. Similarly, through the design of the phase plate, multiple separate or continuous viewpoints distributed in dot matrix, line array and surface array can be realized to achieve the effect of the best observation area.

The period and orientation angle of the grating area can be determined according to the following grating equation:

tanφ ₁ = sinφ/(cosφ-nsinθ(Λ/λ)) (1)

sin ² (θ ₁ )＝(λ/Λ) ² +(nsinθ) ² -2nsinθcosφ(λ/Λ) (2)

Among them, _θ1 and φ1 represent the diffraction angle _of the diffracted light (the angle between the diffracted light and the negative direction of the Z axis) and azimuth angle (the angle between the diffracted light and the positive direction of the Y axis), respectively, and θ and λ represent the incident light source angle (the angle between the incident light and the negative direction of the Z axis) and wavelength, Λ and φ respectively represent the period and orientation angle of the nano-diffraction grating (the angle between the groove direction and the positive direction of the X axis), and n represents the refraction of light waves in the medium Rate.

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the phase plate shown in FIG. 2 in the X-Y plane and the X-Z plane.

After the incident light wavelength, incident angle, diffracted light diffraction angle and diffraction azimuth angle are determined, the required grating period and orientation angle can be calculated using the above formula. The period and orientation angle of the nanostructure unit determine the modulation characteristics of the light field angle and spectrum. By designing the change pattern of the orientation angle and period of the nanostructure unit, the regulation and conversion of the light field can be realized. The shown diffraction grating structure can be fabricated directly on eg a glass substrate as a functional film layer.

As mentioned above, each nanograting area is considered a pixel unit or sub-pixel. The orientation of the grating region determines the angular modulation characteristics of the light field, and its period determines the spectral filtering characteristics. By continuously changing the period (spatial frequency) and orientation of each nano-grating region between each sub-pixel, the control and transformation of the light field can be realized. Therefore, when multiple grating areas with different orientation angles and periods are produced on the surface of a screen, enough viewpoints can be obtained, supplemented by amplitude control, and 3D display under multiple viewing angles can be realized .

Fig. 4 is a nanostructure distribution diagram of a directional functional film that realizes convergence of a single viewpoint. The nanostructure shown has a single off-axis Fresnel structure that allows the image to converge at viewpoint 1 . In the structure shown in FIG. 4 , n×m sub-pixels form n×m off-axis Fresnel structures with different focal points. It should be pointed out that the shape of the sub-pixel in FIG. 4 is not limited to a rectangle, and it may also be a circle, a hexagon, or other shapes.

5a and 5b are respectively schematic diagrams of realizing single-viewpoint and multi-viewpoint by using a light field reproduction unit according to another embodiment of the present invention.

The light field reproduction unit 510 shown in Figures 5a and 5b includes a spatial light modulator (such as a liquid crystal display) 511 and a phase plate 512 (such as a phase plate 512 with grating regions with different orientations and/or periods) on the surface (for example, as shown in Figure 2 The phase plate structure), wherein the phase plate 512 focuses the light passing through the spatial light modulator 511 to one or several viewpoints.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for realizing near-eye display of a three-dimensional image according to another embodiment of the present invention.

The device 600 shown in FIG. 6 includes a light field rendering unit 610 , a projection unit 620 and a virtual-real fusion unit 630 .

The light field reproduction unit 610 includes a liquid crystal display 611 and a phase plate 612 located on the light output surface of the liquid crystal display. The phase plate 612 can adopt the structure described above with reference to FIG. 2 . The light field information of the object reproduced by the light field reproduction unit 610 is coupled to the virtual-real fusion unit 630 through, for example, diffraction, refraction or reflection of the projection unit 620 .

In this embodiment, the virtual-real fusion unit 630 includes a waveguide 631, a first nano-grating 632a and a second nano-grating 632b. Referring to FIG. 6 , the first nano-grating 632a is disposed inside the waveguide 631 and close to the position where the light enters the waveguide, which diffracts the incoming light. The light diffracted by the first nano-grating 632 a is totally reflected inside the waveguide 631 . The light reaches the second nano-grating 632b after undergoing multiple total reflections, and then goes to the visible area outside the waveguide through the diffraction of the second nano-grating 632b, thereby outputting a three-dimensional image that fuses the virtual scene and the real scene together .

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for realizing near-eye display of a three-dimensional image according to another embodiment of the present invention.

The device 700 shown in FIG. 7 includes a light field reproduction unit 710 , a projection unit 720 and a virtual-real fusion unit 730 .

The light field reproduction unit 710 includes a liquid crystal display 711 and a phase plate 712 located on the light output surface of the liquid crystal display. The phase plate 712 can have the structure described above with reference to FIG. 2 . The light field information of the object reproduced by the light field reproduction unit 710 is coupled to the virtual-real fusion unit 730 through, for example, diffraction, refraction or reflection of the projection unit 720 .

The main difference between this embodiment and the embodiment shown in FIG. 6 lies in the structure of the virtual-real fusion unit. Specifically, the virtual-real fusion unit 730 of this embodiment includes a prism 731 , a waveguide 732 and a nano-grating 733 inside the waveguide. Referring to FIG. 7 , the projection unit 720 projects the virtual scene from the light field reproduction unit 710 to the prism 731 , and enters the waveguide 732 after being refracted by the prism 731 . The refracted light is totally reflected inside the waveguide 732 . The light reaches the nano-grating 733 after undergoing multiple total reflections, and then is directed to the visible area outside the waveguide through the diffraction of the nano-grating 733, thereby outputting a three-dimensional image that fuses the virtual scene and the real scene together.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for realizing near-eye display of a three-dimensional image according to another embodiment of the present invention.

The device 800 shown in FIG. 8 includes a light field rendering unit 810 , a projection unit 820 and a virtual-real fusion unit 830 .

The light field reproduction unit 810 includes a liquid crystal display 811 and a phase plate 812 located on the light output surface of the liquid crystal display. The phase plate 812 can adopt the structure described above with reference to FIG. 2 . The light field information of the object reproduced by the light field reproduction unit 810 is coupled to the virtual-real fusion unit 830 through, for example, diffraction, refraction or reflection of the projection unit 820 .

The main difference between this embodiment and the embodiment shown in FIG. 6 lies in the structure of the virtual-real fusion unit. Specifically, the virtual-real fusion unit 830 of this embodiment includes a prism 831, a waveguide 832, and a pair of mirrors 833a and 833b inside the waveguide. Referring to FIG. 8 , the projection unit 820 projects the virtual scene from the light field reproduction unit 810 to the prism 831 , and enters the waveguide 832 after being refracted by the prism 831 . The refracted light is totally reflected inside the waveguide 832 . The light reaches the reflector 833a after undergoing multiple total reflections, part of the light is reflected by the reflector 833a and directed to the visible area outside the waveguide, and the rest passes through the reflector 833a to the reflector 833b and is reflected by the reflector 833b to guide the outside of the waveguide The visible area, thus outputting a three-dimensional image that fuses the virtual scene and the real scene together.

Fig. 9 is a top view of a virtual-real fusion unit according to another embodiment of the present invention.

The virtual-real fusion unit 930 shown in FIG. 9 is in the form of a diffractive optical element. The surface of the element includes multiple functional areas 931-933, and each functional area contains a pixel-type nano-diffraction grating. In this embodiment, the nano-diffraction grating can be prepared by photolithography, nano-imprint or holographic interference technology. As shown in FIG. 9 , the first functional area 931 with a circular grating is used for coupling in light. It should be noted that the shape of the first functional area is not limited to a circle. The light is coupled through the first functional area 931 and then guided into the second functional area 932 of the wedge-shaped diffraction grating, which expands the image projected onto the virtual-real fusion unit 930 in the X-axis direction. The image is expanded in the X-axis direction through the second functional area 932 and then imported into the third functional area 933 . The functional area 933 realizes the extension of the projected image in the Y-axis direction. Thus, the human eyes can observe the virtual image with an enlarged viewing angle through the virtual-real fusion unit 930 .

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for realizing near-eye display of a three-dimensional image according to another embodiment of the present invention.

The device 1100 shown in FIG. 10 includes a light field rendering unit 1010 , a projection unit 1020 and a virtual-real fusion unit 1030 .

The light field reproduction unit 1010 includes a liquid crystal display 1011 and a phase plate 1012 located on the light output surface of the liquid crystal display. The phase plate 1012 can adopt the structure described above with reference to FIG. 2 . The light field information of the object reproduced by the light field reproduction unit 1010 is coupled to the virtual-real fusion unit 1030 through, for example, diffraction, refraction or reflection of the projection unit 1020 . The virtual-real coupling unit 1030 includes a plurality of functional areas 1031-1033, which are similar to the functional areas 931-933 shown in FIG. 9 and will not be repeated here.

Figures 11a and 11b are schematic diagrams of the expansion of the visible area in the vertical direction and in the horizontal direction, respectively, by using the phase plate as described above. Without loss of generality, here only four perspectives are taken as examples.

Referring to FIG. 11 a , it shows a voxel of the phase plate 1112 (a rectangle divided into 4 regions in the figure), and the voxel includes 4 sub-pixels (identified by numbers 1-4). Each sub-pixel corresponds to a sub-pixel of the spatial light modulator, which includes three stacked or arranged nano-grating pixel units. The nano-grating pixel units in the sub-pixel have different orientations and/or periods, so for each viewpoint, a plurality of windows 1a-1c that are arranged vertically and continuously and have the same viewing angle information can be formed in the vertical direction, so that Achieve the effect of expanding the longitudinal field of view.

Referring to FIG. 11 b , it also shows a plurality of voxels of the phase plate 1112 (a rectangle divided into 4 regions in the figure). Taking the leftmost voxel as an example, the voxel includes 4 sub-pixels (identified by numbers 1-4). Each sub-pixel corresponds to a sub-pixel of the spatial light modulator, which includes three stacked or arranged nano-grating pixel units. The nano-grating pixel units in the sub-pixel have different orientations and/or periods. Therefore, for each viewpoint, a plurality of horizontally consecutively arranged windows with the same viewing angle information can be formed along the horizontal direction, so as to achieve the expansion of lateral The effect of field of view.

In the above example, the extended viewing angle information is formed in the vertical or horizontal direction of the same viewpoint, and this viewing angle information is the same as the light field information covered by the original viewpoint, so the image resolution can be used without reducing the image resolution. The angle of view can be increased.

Preferably, in order to allow human eyes to observe a virtual image at a large viewing angle, the pixel structure of the phase plate can also use spatial multiplexing stacking or binary optical elements to display a three-dimensional image with a wide viewing angle. The image reproduction information after the viewing angle expansion is coupled into the virtual-real fusion unit through the projection unit. In practical applications, by matching the exit pupil of the projection optical unit with the entrance pupil of the virtual-real fusion lens, the observer can observe a three-dimensional scene with an enlarged viewing angle through the virtual-real fusion unit without moving.

Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of a virtual-real fusion unit according to another embodiment of the present invention.

The virtual-real fusion unit 1230 shown in FIG. 12 includes three subunits 1231-1233 stacked together, and each subunit can adopt the structure of the virtual-real fusion unit shown in FIG. 6 . For each subunit, by making the nano-gratings have different orientation angles and/or periods, different images can be generated at different distances from the virtual-real fusion unit, thereby obtaining images with a sense of depth.

Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of a device for near-eye display of a three-dimensional image according to another embodiment of the present invention.

The near-eye display device 1300 shown in FIG. 13 can realize color display. To this end, in the device 1300 , as shown in FIG. 13 , the light field reconstruction unit 1310 includes a spatial light modulator, a phase plate, and an optical filter between the spatial light modulator and the phase plate. Without loss of generality, take each voxel of the phase plate (a rectangle divided into four regions in the figure) contains four sub-pixels with different orientations (marked by numbers 1-4 in the figure) as an example, each sub-pixel Corresponds to one of the four perspectives. In this embodiment, the sub-pixels of the spatial light modulator are matched with the pixels of the optical filter and the sub-pixels of the phase plate. Furthermore, each sub-pixel of the phase plate is composed of three sub-pixels or pixel grating units of R, G, and B (shown by different hatching in the figure). For each sub-pixel, by designing each pixel grating unit to have an appropriate orientation angle and period, light rays passing through the three sub-pixels R, G, and B can be converged at the same viewpoint. Contains the color information of the image at the pooled viewpoint. The image is reconstructed by the light field reproduction unit 1310 , coupled into the virtual-real fusion unit 1330 through the projection unit 1320 , and finally a color virtual image is presented through the virtual-real fusion unit 1330 . In the actual three-dimensional display, the input of the spatial light modulator can be controlled by the computer, so as to realize the video playback of the color image.

Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of a device for near-eye display of a three-dimensional image according to another embodiment of the present invention.

The near-eye display device 1400 shown in FIG. 14 can realize color display. In the device 1400 shown in FIG. 14 , the virtual-real fusion unit 1430 adopts a structure of double-layer waveguide mirrors. Specifically, the virtual-real fusion unit 1430 includes a first waveguide lens 1431, a second waveguide lens 1432, a first group of nano-gratings 1433a, 1433b, a second group of nano-gratings 1434a, 1434b and a third group of nano-gratings 1435a, 1435b. Referring to Fig. 14, the first group of nano-gratings 1433a, 1433b is located between the first and second waveguide lenses, the second group of nano-gratings 1434a, 1434b is located on the surface of the second waveguide lens 1432 away from the first waveguide lens 1431, the third group The nanogratings 1435a, 1435b are located above the second set of nanogratings 1434a, 1434b.

In this embodiment, each group of nano-gratings only diffracts light of a specific color (such as R, G and B). The projection unit 1420 couples the light from the light field reproduction unit 1410 into the first waveguide mirror 1431. Due to the wavelength selectivity of the grating, light of a specific color (such as green) is totally reflected in the first waveguide mirror 1431, while other colors ( For example, the light rays of blue and red) cannot be transmitted in the first waveguide mirror 1431 because the diffraction angle does not satisfy the total reflection condition. Similarly, the second set of nano-gratings 1434 a , 1434 b and the third set of nano-gratings 1435 a , 1435 b which have diffraction effects only on blue and red light respectively make blue and red light totally reflected in the second waveguide lens 1432 . Thus, image information with different colors is transmitted through the waveguide mirror without crosstalk. The virtual-real fusion unit 1430 projects a colored converging light field in front of the human eye.

Compared with the prior art, the device for realizing near-eye display of three-dimensional images of the present invention has many advantages. For example, the near-eye display device based on the microlens array of the present invention can automatically generate stereoscopic images, is simple to operate, compact in structure and can work under incoherent light sources without special illumination light, and provides continuous parallax and Observation Point.

The foregoing describes the principles and preferred embodiments of the invention. However, the invention should not be construed as limited to the particular embodiments discussed. The preferred embodiments described above should be considered as illustrative rather than restrictive, and it should be understood that those skilled in the art may, without departing from the scope of the present invention as defined by the following claims, Variations were made in these examples.

Claims (11)

1. a kind of device shown for realizing the nearly eye of 3-D image, characterized by comprising:

Light field reproduction unit is configured to the field information of reconstruct target object to reproduce virtual scene, and the light field reproduces single Member includes:

Spatial light modulator；And the phase board being arranged on the light direction of the spatial light modulator, with diffraction knot Structure, the diffraction structure are configured to the image of the different perspectives in the virtual scene being projected to corresponding observation position It sets；And virtual reality fusion unit, it is configured as exporting the three-dimensional figure for being fused together the virtual scene and true scene Picture.

2. device as described in claim 1, wherein described device further comprises projecting cell, is configured as light field The virtual scene of reproduction unit output is sent to virtual reality fusion unit.

3. device as described in claim 1, wherein the spatial light modulator includes multiple volumetric pixels, every individual pixel packet Containing multiple sub-pixes, each sub-pix corresponds to different visual angles, and the diffraction structure includes multiple nano structured units, each Nano structured unit be configured to by multiple volumetric pixels correspond to the same visual angle sub-pix light beam be projected to The associated same observation position of the sub-pix.

4. device as described in claim 1, wherein the spatial light modulator includes multiple volumetric pixels, every individual pixel packet Containing multiple sub-pixes, each sub-pix corresponds to different visual angles, and the diffraction structure includes multiple nano structured units, each Nano structured unit be configured to by multiple volumetric pixels correspond to the same visual angle sub-pix light beam be projected to The associated same group of observation position of the sub-pix.

5. device as claimed in claim 4, wherein same group of observation position be in the horizontal direction and/or cross direction profiles it is more A observation position.

6. device as described in claim 1, wherein the spatial light modulator is one of the following: DLP display screen, LCOS display screen or liquid crystal display.

7. device as described in claim 1, wherein the virtual reality fusion unit includes waveguide, be set to inside waveguide One nanometer grating and the second nanometer grating, wherein first nanometer grating makes the light entered that diffraction occur, and the waveguide makes It is totally reflected by the light of the first nanometer grating diffraction, second nanometer grating makes the light of total reflection that diffraction occur with by light Visible area is guided into from waveguide.

8. device as described in claim 1, wherein the virtual reality fusion unit includes the transparent light of three level stack together Field lens piece, every layer of transparent light field eyeglass include waveguide, the first nanometer grating being set to inside waveguide and the second nanometer grating, In, first nanometer grating makes the light entered that diffraction occur, and the waveguide keeps the light by the first nanometer grating diffraction complete Reflection, second nanometer grating make the light of total reflection that diffraction occur to guide light into visible area from waveguide, wherein every First nanometer grating of the transparent light field eyeglass of layer has the different angle of orientation and/or period, and every layer of transparent light field mirror Second nanometer grating of piece has the different angle of orientation and/or period.

9. device as described in claim 1, wherein the virtual reality fusion unit includes prism, waveguide and is set in waveguide The nanometer grating in portion, wherein the prism makes incident ray be refracted into waveguide, and the waveguide makes the light total reflection of refraction, The nanometer grating makes the light of total reflection that diffraction occur to guide light into visible area from waveguide.

10. device as described in claim 1, wherein the virtual reality fusion unit includes prism, waveguide and is set in waveguide A pair of of reflecting mirror in portion, wherein the prism makes incident ray be refracted into waveguide, and the waveguide makes the light of refraction be all-trans It penetrates, the reflecting mirror makes the light of total reflection that diffraction occur to guide light into visible area from waveguide.

11. device as described in claim 1, wherein the virtual reality fusion unit includes first wave guide eyeglass, second waveguide mirror Piece, first group of nanometer grating, second group of nanometer grating and third group nanometer grating, first group of nanometer grating be located at first with Between second waveguide eyeglass, second group of nanometer grating is located at the surface of second waveguide eyeglass, separate first wave guide eyeglass, The third group nanometer grating is located on second group of nanometer grating, and the first-third group nanometer grating has respectively not The identical angle of orientation and/or period.