CN110518365B - Medium loading antenna and parabolic antenna based on 3D printing technology - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a medium loading antenna based on a 3D printing technology, which comprises: the device comprises a waveguide generator and a medium loading unit, wherein the medium loading unit adopts a three-dimensional photocuring molding 3D printing technology and is integrally molded by using liquid resin, the waveguide generator adopts a selective laser melting 3D printing technology and is integrally molded by using metal powder and used for receiving and transmitting electromagnetic wave signals, and the medium loading unit and the waveguide generator jointly act to regulate and control the mouth surface field of the medium loading antenna. The dielectric loaded antenna of the embodiment of the invention completely meets the conditions of practical application, only has one main lobe in the E surface and the H surface at an angle of-90 degrees to 90 degrees, has no side lobe level, ensures the gain of the antenna, improves the utilization rate of the antenna aperture surface field, and ensures that the whole dielectric loaded antenna is convenient to manufacture and has lower cost due to the advantages of the 3D printing technology.

Description

A medium-loaded antenna and parabolic antenna based on 3D printing technology

technical field

The invention relates to the field of antennas, in particular to a medium-loading antenna and a parabolic antenna based on 3D printing technology.

Background technique

With the technological innovation and market demand, the miniaturization of antennas has become more and more extensive, but the performance of the antenna is largely determined by the size. The stability of the pattern, the stability of the gain, and the characteristics of satisfying a wide frequency band, etc.

In the antenna miniaturization technology, the widely used and effective method is loading. Antenna loading, as the name implies, is to add a load to the appropriate position of the antenna. Antenna loading can change the current distribution on the antenna, so that the input impedance of the antenna can be adjusted according to a Regular distribution, the antenna loading can shorten the size of the antenna, effectively reduce the resonant frequency of the antenna, and broaden the working bandwidth of the antenna, which is an indispensable method for antenna miniaturization.

However, the existing miniaturized antennas using the antenna loading method all have various problems, such as uneven energy distribution on the antenna face, low face utilization, and high side lobe level. It can well meet the use requirements of the antenna, and the current miniaturized antenna manufacturing process using the antenna loading method is more complicated and the cost is higher.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a medium loading antenna based on 3D printing technology, which solves the above problems.

An embodiment of the present invention provides a medium-loading antenna based on 3D printing technology, the medium-loading antenna includes: a waveguide generator and a medium-loading unit;

The medium loading unit adopts the stereo light curing molding 3D printing technology, and is integrally formed with liquid resin;

The waveguide generator adopts the selective laser melting 3D printing technology and is integrally formed with metal powder, which is used to send and receive electromagnetic wave signals. The medium loading unit and the waveguide generator work together to regulate the oral field of the medium loading antenna. ;

The medium loading unit includes: a pyramid, a first rectangular body, a first trapezoidal body, and a medium loading;

the first rectangular body is perpendicular to the pyramid and is disposed on the rectangular surface of the pyramid;

The first trapezoidal body is perpendicular to the first rectangular body, and the upper surface of the first trapezoidal body is attached to another rectangular surface of the first rectangular body;

the medium loading is perpendicular to the first trapezoidal body and is disposed on the lower surface of the first trapezoidal body;

The waveguide generator includes: a square flange, a rectangular waveguide, a prismatic waveguide and an extended waveguide;

the rectangular waveguide is hollow, perpendicular to the square flange and disposed on the upper surface of the square flange;

The square flange is provided with a square groove corresponding to the hollow part of the rectangular waveguide, the size of the square groove is equal to the hollow part of the rectangular waveguide, and the square groove and the rectangular waveguide are used for sending and receiving electromagnetic wave signals;

The prismatic waveguide is hollow, is vertically connected to the rectangular waveguide, and communicates with the hollow part of the rectangular waveguide for impedance matching;

The expansion waveguide is hollow, is vertically connected to the prismatic waveguide, and communicates with the hollow part of the prismatic waveguide, and is used for co-acting with the medium loading to regulate the orifice field of the medium loading antenna;

Wherein, the hollow part in the waveguide generator is used for air cooling and heat dissipation.

Optionally, the sum of the volumes of the pyramid and the first rectangular body is not greater than the sum of the volumes of the square flange and the hollow portion of the rectangular waveguide;

The dielectric loading unit is inserted into the square flange and the hollow part of the rectangular waveguide through the pyramid and the first rectangular body, so that the dielectric loading unit and the waveguide generator are fixed.

Optionally, the top surface of the dielectric loading is flush with the top surface of the extended waveguide, and the top surface of the dielectric loading is the top surface of the end of the dielectric loading that is far away from the lower surface of the first trapezoid body , the top surface of the extended waveguide is the top surface of one end of the extended waveguide away from the square flange.

Optionally, the sum of the lengths of the pyramid and the first rectangular body is less than the sum of the lengths of the square flange and the hollow portion of the rectangular waveguide.

Optionally, the first trapezoidal body is used to clamp the positional relationship between the dielectric loading unit and the waveguide generator.

Optionally, the dielectric-loaded body is a second trapezoidal body, the lower surface of which is attached to the lower surface of the first trapezoidal body, which cooperates with the extended waveguide to regulate the oral field of the dielectric-loaded antenna.

Optionally, the pyramid and the truncated waveguide are used for impedance matching.

Optionally, the extended waveguide is a second rectangular body, the volume of the hollow portion of the extended waveguide is larger than the volume loaded by the medium, and the extended waveguide and the medium loading work together to regulate the opening of the medium loading antenna. face scene.

An embodiment of the present invention further provides a parabolic antenna, the parabolic antenna includes: a feed source and a paraboloid, the feed source is composed of any one of the above-mentioned dielectric loading antennas;

Wherein, in the absence of a paraboloid, the feed is used as an antenna alone.

An embodiment of the present invention also provides another parabolic antenna, the parabolic antenna includes: a feed array and a paraboloid, the feed array is composed of at least two or more of the dielectric-loaded antennas; wherein, when there is no paraboloid In the case of , the feed array is used alone as an antenna array.

The invention provides a medium loading antenna based on 3D printing technology. The medium loading unit adopts the stereo light curing molding 3D printing technology, and is integrally formed with liquid resin, and the waveguide generator adopts the selective laser melting 3D printing technology, and is integrally formed with metal powder. , the dielectric loading unit is tightly fixed with the waveguide generator by the pyramid, the first rectangular body, and the first trapezoid body. Obtain a radiation pattern with no sidelobe levels. The medium-loading antenna based on the 3D printing technology of the present invention not only ensures the antenna gain, but also improves the utilization rate of the antenna surface field, and at the same time obtains a radiation pattern without side lobe level, and the whole antenna is easy to manufacture, lower cost.

Description of drawings

Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are for the purpose of illustrating preferred embodiments only and are not to be considered limiting of the invention. Also, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals throughout the drawings. In the attached image:

1 is a model diagram of a medium-loading antenna based on 3D printing technology according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 (a) is a model diagram of a medium loading unit of a medium loading antenna based on 3D printing technology according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2(b) is a model diagram of a waveguide generator of a medium-loaded antenna based on 3D printing technology according to an embodiment of the present invention;

2(c) is a model diagram of the connection between a square flange and a rectangular waveguide in a waveguide generator of a medium-loaded antenna based on 3D printing technology according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the parameter dimension table of the dielectric loading unit and the waveguide generator in the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a model schematic diagram of inserting a dielectric loading unit into a square flange and a hollow part of a rectangular waveguide in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5(a) is a radiation pattern of the main polarization at an angle of -90° to 90° on the E-plane when the thickness of the extended waveguide of the dielectric-loaded antenna changes in the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 5(b) is a radiation pattern of the main polarization at an angle of -90° to 90° on the H surface when the width of the extended waveguide of the dielectric loaded antenna in the embodiment of the present invention is changed;

Fig. 6 (a) is the s11 parameter curve diagram of the 1# medium loading antenna in the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 6 (b) is the gain curve diagram of 1# medium loading antenna in the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 6(c) is the radiation pattern of the -90°～90° angle on the E-plane of the 1# dielectric loading antenna in the embodiment of the present invention at 20GHz;

Fig. 6(d) is the radiation pattern of the -90°～90° angle on the H plane of the 1# dielectric loading antenna in the embodiment of the present invention at 20GHz;

Fig. 6(e) is the electric field distribution diagram of 1# medium-loaded antenna at 20GHz in the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7(a) is a graph of the s11 parameter of the dielectric-loaded antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7(b) is a gain curve diagram of a dielectric-loaded antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 7(c) is a radiation pattern at an angle of -90° to 90° on the E-plane at 20 GHz of the dielectric-loaded antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7(d) is a radiation pattern at an angle of -90° to 90° on the H-plane at 20 GHz of the dielectric-loaded antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7(e) is an electric field distribution diagram of the dielectric-loaded antenna of the embodiment of the present invention at 20 GHz.

Detailed ways

In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments, and are not used to limit the present invention.

The inventor has found that the current miniaturized antenna using the antenna loading method has uneven energy distribution on the surface, low surface utilization, and high side lobe level, which cannot well meet the use requirements of the antenna, and such The manufacturing process of the antenna is more complicated and the cost is higher.

In response to the above problems, the inventor has made intensive research, combined a large number of calculations and actual measurements, and creatively combined 3D printing technology to realize a medium-loaded antenna using 3D printing technology. High utilization rate while obtaining radiation pattern with no side lobe level. The solution of the present invention will be explained and described in detail below.

FIG. 1 shows a model diagram of a medium-loading antenna based on 3D printing technology according to an embodiment of the present invention. The medium-loading antenna includes: a medium-loading unit 1 and a waveguide generator 2; wherein, the medium-loading unit 1 adopts stereo light curing molding The 3D printing technology is integrated with liquid resin; the waveguide generator 2 adopts the selective laser melting 3D printing technology and is integrated with metal powder.

FIG. 2( a ) shows a model diagram of a medium loading unit of a medium loading antenna based on 3D printing technology according to an embodiment of the present invention. The medium loading unit 1 includes: a pyramid 11 , a first rectangular body 12 , and a first trapezoidal body 13 and media loading 14.

The first rectangular body 12 is perpendicular to the pyramid 11 and is disposed on the rectangular surface of the pyramid 11; Another rectangular surface is attached, and the rectangular surface is the opposite side of the rectangular surface where the first rectangular body 12 and the pyramid 11 are attached; the medium loading 14 is perpendicular to the first trapezoidal body 13 and is arranged on the lower surface of the first trapezoidal body 13; The shape of the medium loading body 14 is also a trapezoid body (ie, the second trapezoid body), the lower surface of which is in contact with the lower surface of the first trapezoid body 13 , and the upper surface of which is suspended.

Figure 2(b) shows a model diagram of a waveguide generator of a medium-loaded antenna based on 3D printing technology according to an embodiment of the present invention. The waveguide generator 2 includes: a square flange 21, a rectangular waveguide 22, a prismatic waveguide 23 and Extended waveguide 24 .

The rectangular waveguide 22 is hollow, is perpendicular to the square flange 21 and is disposed on the upper surface of the square flange 21 and is located in the center of the upper surface. The square flange 21 is provided with a square slot corresponding to the hollow part of the rectangular waveguide 22 . The size of the square slot is equal to the hollow part of the rectangular waveguide 22, and the square slot and the rectangular waveguide 22 are used for sending and receiving electromagnetic wave signals; The truncated waveguide 23 is used for impedance matching; the extended waveguide 24 is hollow, vertically connected to the truncated truncated waveguide 23, and communicated with the hollow part of the truncated waveguide 23. The extended waveguide 24 and the dielectric loading 14 work together to regulate the port of the dielectric loading antenna. Surface field; the extended waveguide 24 is in the shape of a rectangle (ie, the second rectangle), one side of which is connected to the lower surface of the prismatic waveguide 23, and the other side is suspended. The mesa-shaped waveguide 23 and the extended waveguide 24 are also used for transmitting and receiving electromagnetic wave signals.

Fig. 2(c) shows a model diagram of the connection between the square flange and the rectangular waveguide in the waveguide generator of the medium-loaded antenna based on the 3D printing technology according to the embodiment of the present invention. With reference to Fig. 2(b), in the embodiment of the present invention The hollow part of the upper surface of the truncated waveguide 23 of the waveguide generator 2 has the same shape as the rectangular waveguide 22, and one end of the rectangular waveguide 22 away from the square flange 21 partially protrudes into the truncated waveguide 23. The dimension designation in 2(c) and the parameter dimension table of the dielectric loading unit and the waveguide generator shown in Figure 3 can also be seen, where l5 is the length of the rectangular waveguide 22, and its value is 26.1 millimeters (mm), and l3 is The distance from the upper surface of the prismatic waveguide 23 to the square flange 21 is 15.2 mm, that is, the end of the rectangular waveguide 22 away from the square flange 21 has 10.9 mm extending into the hollow portion of the prismatic waveguide 23 .

The parameter size table of the dielectric loading unit and the waveguide generator shown in Figure 3, combined with Figure 2(a), Figure 2(b) and Figure 2(c), the parameters in the table are:

a1: the width of the first rectangular body 12, its size is 10.6mm;

a2: the width of the lower surface of the first trapezoid body 13, the size of which is 13.5mm;

a3: the width of the upper surface of the medium loading 14, its size is 7.6mm;

a4: the width of the extended waveguide 24, its size is 26.8mm;

b1: the thickness of the first rectangular body 12, the size of which is 4.3 mm;

b2: the thickness of the lower surface of the first trapezoid body 13, the size of which is 8.7 mm;

b3: the thickness of the upper surface of the medium loading 14, the size of which is 3.1 mm;

b4: the thickness of the extended waveguide 24, the size of which is 29.1 mm;

l1: the length of the first rectangular body 12, its size is 9mm;

l2: The length of the medium loading 14, its size is 52.2mm;

l3: the distance from the upper surface of the prismatic waveguide 23 to the square flange 21, the size of which is 15.2 mm;

l4: the length of the extended waveguide 24, the size of which is 38.5mm;

l5: the length of the rectangular waveguide 22, the size of which is 26.1 mm;

s1: the length of the side edge of the pyramid 11, its size is 10.7mm;

s2: the length of the side of the first trapezoid body 13, the size of which is 4 mm;

s3: The length of the side edge of the prismatic waveguide 23, and its size is 17.5 mm.

Among them, the cross-sectional size of the lower surface of the medium loading 14 is the same as the cross-sectional size of the rectangular surface of the first rectangular body 12 .

FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of the model of the dielectric loading unit inserted into the square flange and the hollow part of the rectangular waveguide, wherein the sum of the volumes of the pyramid 11 and the first rectangular body 12 is not greater than the volume of the square flange 21 and the hollow part of the rectangular waveguide 22 The sum; the dielectric loading unit 1 is inserted into the hollow part of the square flange 21 and the rectangular waveguide 22 through the pyramid 11 and the first rectangular body 12 (not shown in the figure after insertion), so that the dielectric loading unit 1 and the waveguide generator 2 are connected. A part is fixed in this way. Due to its own characteristics, the first trapezoidal body 13 can be used to clamp the positional relationship between the dielectric loading unit 1 and the waveguide generator 2, and at the same time, it can also make the dielectric loading unit 1 and the waveguide generator 2 fixed. tighter. It should be noted that the structure formed by inserting the dielectric loading unit into the square flange and the hollow part of the rectangular waveguide as shown in FIG. 4 is also a dielectric loading antenna (hereinafter referred to as the dielectric loading antenna 1#). ).

After inserting the dielectric loading unit 1 through the pyramid 11 and the first rectangular body 12, and inserting the square flange 21 and the hollow part of the rectangular waveguide 22, the dielectric loading antenna in the embodiment of the present invention is formed, as shown in FIG. 1, After the dielectric-loaded antenna is formed, the pyramid 11 and the pyramid-shaped waveguide 23 are both used for impedance matching, and the dielectric-loaded 14 and the extended waveguide 24 work together to control the oral field distribution of the dielectric-loaded antenna.

According to the working principle and related characteristics of the antenna, it can be known that when the 1# dielectric-loaded antenna is in operation, the formed waveguide will radiate on the five surfaces of the dielectric-loaded 14, making the phase center very unstable and the generated side lobes high. It is lower than -10dB, which makes the 1# medium-loaded antenna basically have no practical application value.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, adjust the oral field distribution of the dielectric-loaded antenna, and obtain the ideal side lobe level, the inventor has added a prismatic shape to the square flange 21 and the rectangular waveguide 22 after a lot of experiments and tests. The waveguide 23 and the extended waveguide 24 extend the entire structure of the dielectric loading antenna, so that the top surface of the dielectric loading 14 in the dielectric loading unit 1 is flush with the top surface of the extended waveguide 24, and the top surface of the dielectric loading 14 is the dielectric loading The top surface of one end away from the lower surface of the first trapezoid body 13, that is, the upper surface of the dielectric loading 14; the top surface of the extended waveguide 24 is the opposite side of the rectangular surface connecting the extended waveguide 24 and the lower surface of the prismatic waveguide 23, The top surface of the extended waveguide 24 is the mouth surface of the entire dielectric loaded antenna. Through this design, the radiation from the four surfaces of the dielectric loading 14 is completely suppressed. The radiation pattern of the dielectric loading antenna has only one main lobe in the direction of -90° to 90°, and its phase center is stably located at its physical port. face. At the same time, the oral field distribution of the dielectric-loaded antenna formed after the waveguide is extended can also be analyzed by imposing limited boundary conditions on the oral field of the original antenna, that is, adjusting the width and thickness of the extended waveguide 24 to obtain different , and then adjust the oral field distribution of the dielectric-loaded antenna, so as to achieve the purpose of obtaining a radiation pattern with no sidelobe level.

Referring to FIG. 5( a ), it shows the radiation pattern of the main polarization at an angle of -90° to 90° on the E-plane when the thickness of the extended waveguide of the dielectric-loaded antenna in the embodiment of the present invention changes, wherein Theta (degree) refers to the beam Width, Radiationpattern (dB) refers to the radiation direction; in Figure 5(a), the width of the extended waveguide of the dielectric-loaded antenna remains unchanged at 26.8mm. The radiation direction curves of different thicknesses of the extended waveguide are tested. The meaning of each curve is as follows:

The dotted line composed of short horizontal lines is the radiation direction curve when the thickness of the extended waveguide is 23.1mm; the dotted line composed of dots is the radiation direction curve when the thickness of the extended waveguide is 35.1mm; the curve composed of solid lines is the radiation direction curve of the extended waveguide The radiation direction curve when the thickness is 29.1mm; it is reflected from the figure that when the thickness of the extended waveguide is 29.1mm, the side lobe level is almost completely suppressed.

Referring to FIG. 5(b), it shows the radiation pattern of the main polarization at an angle of -90° to 90° on the H-plane when the width of the extended waveguide of the dielectric-loaded antenna in the embodiment of the present invention changes, wherein Phi (degree) refers to the beam Width, Radiation pattern (dB) refers to the radiation direction; in Figure 5(b), the thickness of the extended waveguide of the dielectric-loaded antenna remains unchanged at 29.1 mm. The radiation direction curves of different extended waveguide widths are tested. The meaning of each curve is as follows:

The dotted line composed of short horizontal lines is the radiation direction curve when the width of the extended waveguide is 20.8mm; the dotted line composed of dots is the radiation direction curve when the width of the extended waveguide is 32.8mm; the curve composed of solid lines is the radiation direction curve of the extended waveguide The radiation direction curve when the width is 26.8mm; the figure shows that when the thickness of the extended waveguide is 29.1mm and the width of the extended waveguide is 26.8mm, the suppression effect on the side lobe level is the best.

The following simulation tests and actual measurements are carried out for the performance of the above-mentioned dielectric-loaded antennas.

Referring to Fig. 6(a), the s11 parameter curve of the 1# medium-loaded antenna is shown; Fig. 6(b) shows the gain curve of the 1# medium-loaded antenna; Fig. 6(c) shows the 1# medium The radiation pattern of the loading antenna at the angle of -90°～90° on the E surface at 20GHz; Fig. 6(d) shows the radiation pattern of the 1# dielectric loading antenna at the angle of -90°～90° on the H surface at 20GHz ; Figure 6(e) shows the electric field distribution diagram of the 1# medium-loaded antenna at 20GHz; where Frequency refers to the antenna operating frequency, Gain refers to the gain, Theta(degree), Phi(degree) refers to the beam width, Radiation pattern(dB ) refers to the radiation direction, and V_per_m refers to the electric field strength.

The meaning of each curve in Figure 6(a) is as follows:

The dotted line composed of short horizontal lines is the measured curve of the s11 parameters of the 1# dielectric-loaded antenna; the curve composed of the solid line is the s11 parameter simulation curve of the 1# dielectric-loaded antenna; it is reflected in the figure that the 1# dielectric-loaded antenna is at 18 In the range of –27GHz, the s11 parameter is less than -10dB, which meets the actual use requirements.

The meaning of each curve in Figure 6(b) is as follows:

The dotted line composed of short horizontal lines is the measured gain curve of the 1# dielectric-loaded antenna; the curve composed of solid lines is the gain simulation curve of the 1# dielectric-loaded antenna; it is reflected in the figure that the 1# dielectric-loaded antenna is at 18-27GHz Within the range, the measured maximum gain occurs at 21.1GHz with a value of 12.44dBi, resulting in a 3-dB gain bandwidth from 18-24GHz. It can be seen from the figure that the gain measured above 22GHz suddenly drops, which is caused by the dimensional tolerance in the manufacturing process of the 1# dielectric loaded antenna, which can be solved by leaving a certain dimensional tolerance in the manufacturing process.

The meaning of each curve in Figure 6(c) is as follows:

The dashed line composed of dashes is the measured curve of the radiation direction of the main polarization on the E surface of the 1# dielectric loaded antenna; the dashed line composed of the dashes and dots is the measured curve of the cross-polarized radiation direction of the E surface of the 1# dielectric loaded antenna; The curve composed of solid lines is the simulation curve of the main polarization radiation direction on the E surface of the 1# dielectric loaded antenna; the curve composed of two points is the simulation curve of the cross-polarized radiation direction on the E surface of the 1# dielectric loaded antenna; it is reflected in the figure , since the 1# dielectric-loaded antenna radiates on the five surfaces of the dielectric-loaded 14, and is affected by the discontinuity of the waveguide aperture, a side lobe level higher than -10dB is generated on the E-plane of the 1# dielectric-loaded antenna.

The meaning of each curve in Figure 6(d) is as follows:

The dashed line composed of dashes is the measured curve of the main polarization radiation direction on the H surface of the 1# dielectric-loaded antenna; the dashed line composed of the dashes and dots is the measured curve of the cross-polarization radiation direction on the H surface of the 1# dielectric-loaded antenna; The curve composed of solid lines is the simulation curve of the main polarization radiation direction on the H surface of the 1# dielectric loading antenna; the curve composed of two points is the simulation curve of the cross-polarization radiation direction on the H surface of the 1# dielectric loading antenna; it is reflected in the figure , since the 1# dielectric-loaded antenna radiates on the five surfaces of the dielectric-loaded 14, and is affected by the discontinuity of the waveguide aperture, a side lobe level higher than -10dB is generated on the H-plane of the 1# dielectric-loaded antenna.

From the electric field distribution diagram shown in Figure 6(e), it can also be seen that the 1# dielectric loaded antenna has a side lobe level higher than -10dB on both the E and H planes, which makes the 1# dielectric loaded antenna have no practical application. the value of.

Referring to FIG. 7( a ), a graph of the s11 parameter of the dielectric-loaded antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; FIG. 7( b ) is a gain curve of the dielectric-loaded antenna; FIG. 7( c ) The radiation pattern at the angle of -90°～90° on the E surface of the antenna at 20GHz; Fig. 7(d) shows the radiation pattern at the angle of -90°～90° on the H surface of the dielectric loaded antenna at 20GHz; Fig. 7 (e) shows the electric field distribution of the dielectric-loaded antenna at 20 GHz; where Frequency refers to the operating frequency of the antenna, Gain refers to the gain, Theta(degree), Phi(degree) refer to the beam width, Radiation pattern(dB) refers to the radiation direction, V_per_m refers to the electric field strength.

The meaning of each curve in Figure 7(a) is as follows:

The dotted line composed of short horizontal lines is the measured curve of the s11 parameter of the dielectric-loaded antenna; the curve composed of the solid line is the simulated curve of the s11 parameter of the dielectric-loaded antenna; it is reflected in the figure that the dielectric-loaded antenna is in the range of 18–27 GHz, The s11 parameter is less than -10dB, which meets the actual use requirements.

The meaning of each curve in Figure 7(b) is as follows:

The dotted line composed of short horizontal lines is the measured gain curve of the dielectric-loaded antenna; the curve composed of solid lines is the gain simulation curve of the dielectric-loaded antenna; it is reflected in the figure that the dielectric-loaded antenna is in the range of 18–27 GHz, and the measured value is 19 GHz. Maximum gain occurs at 11.8dBi, yielding a 3-dB gain bandwidth from 18-25GHz.

The meaning of each curve in Figure 7(c) is as follows:

The dashed line composed of dashes is the measured curve of the main polarization radiation direction on the E surface of the dielectric loaded antenna; the dashed line composed of the dashes and dots is the measured curve of the cross-polarized radiation direction on the E surface of the dielectric loaded antenna; The curve is the simulation curve of the main polarization radiation direction on the E surface of the dielectric loaded antenna; the curve composed of two points is the simulation curve of the cross polarization radiation direction on the E surface of the dielectric loaded antenna; The radiation on the four surfaces of loading 14 is completely suppressed, so that the radiation pattern of the dielectric-loaded antenna has only one main lobe in the direction of -90° to 90° of the E surface, and a radiation pattern without side lobe level is obtained.

The meaning of each curve in Figure 7(d) is as follows:

The dotted line composed of dashes is the measured curve of the main polarization radiation direction on the H surface of the dielectric loaded antenna; the dashed line composed of dashes and dots is the measured curve of the cross-polarized radiation direction on the H surface of the dielectric loaded antenna; The curve is the simulation curve of the main polarization radiation direction on the H-plane of the dielectric-loaded antenna; the curve composed of two points is the simulation curve of the cross-polarization radiation direction on the H-plane of the dielectric-loaded antenna; The radiation on the four surfaces of the loading 14 is completely suppressed, so that the radiation pattern of the dielectric-loaded antenna has only one main lobe in the direction of -90° to 90° on the H surface, and a radiation pattern without side lobe level is obtained.

From the electric field distribution diagram shown in FIG. 7(e), it can also be seen that there is no side lobe level on both the E-plane and the H-plane.

To sum up, the dielectric-loaded antenna of the embodiment of the present invention fully meets the conditions of practical application, and there is only one main lobe in the -90°~90° direction of the E plane and the H plane, and there is no side lobe level, which ensures the antenna gain. At the same time, the utilization rate of the antenna surface field is improved, and due to the advantages of 3D printing technology, the entire medium-loaded antenna is convenient to manufacture and has a low cost.

In addition, due to the above advantages of the dielectric-loaded antenna of the embodiment of the present invention, it can be used as a feed source of a parabolic antenna, which greatly enriches the selection of a parabolic antenna feed source. Based on this, an embodiment of the present invention also provides a paraboloid antenna, the paraboloid antenna includes: a feed source and a paraboloid, and the feed source of the paraboloid antenna is composed of any one of the above-mentioned dielectric loading antennas;

Among them, in the absence of a paraboloid, the feed can be used as an antenna alone.

The embodiment of the present invention also provides another parabolic antenna, the parabolic antenna includes: a feed array and a paraboloid, and the feed array of the parabolic antenna is composed of at least two or more of the dielectric loading antennas; wherein, when there is no parabolic surface In the case of , the feed array is used alone as an antenna array.

It should also be noted that in this document, relational terms such as first and second are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply those entities or operations There is no such actual relationship or order between them. Moreover, the terms "comprising", "comprising" or any other variation thereof are intended to encompass non-exclusive inclusion such that a process, method including a list of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not expressly listed, Or also include elements inherent to this process and method.

The above provides a detailed introduction to a medium-loading antenna based on 3D printing technology provided by the present invention. In this paper, specific examples are used to illustrate the principles and implementations of the present invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only used to help understanding The method of the present invention and its core idea; at the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be It is construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A medium-loading antenna based on 3D printing technology, wherein the medium-loading antenna comprises: a waveguide generator and a medium-loading unit; The medium loading unit adopts the stereo light curing molding 3D printing technology, and is integrally formed with liquid resin; The waveguide generator adopts the selective laser melting 3D printing technology and is integrally formed with metal powder, which is used to send and receive electromagnetic wave signals. The medium loading unit and the waveguide generator work together to regulate the oral field of the medium loading antenna. ; The medium loading unit includes: a pyramid, a first rectangular body, a first trapezoidal body, and a medium loading; the first rectangular body is perpendicular to the pyramid and is disposed on the rectangular surface of the pyramid; The first trapezoidal body is perpendicular to the first rectangular body, and the upper surface of the first trapezoidal body is attached to another rectangular surface of the first rectangular body; the medium loading is perpendicular to the first trapezoidal body and is disposed on the lower surface of the first trapezoidal body; The waveguide generator includes: a square flange, a rectangular waveguide, a prismatic waveguide and an extended waveguide; the rectangular waveguide is hollow, perpendicular to the square flange and disposed on the upper surface of the square flange; The square flange is provided with a square groove corresponding to the hollow part of the rectangular waveguide, the size of the square groove is equal to the hollow part of the rectangular waveguide, and the square groove and the rectangular waveguide are used for sending and receiving electromagnetic wave signals; The prismatic waveguide is hollow, is vertically connected to the rectangular waveguide, and communicates with the hollow part of the rectangular waveguide for impedance matching; The expansion waveguide is hollow, is vertically connected to the prismatic waveguide, and communicates with the hollow part of the prismatic waveguide, and is used for co-acting with the medium loading to regulate the orifice field of the medium loading antenna; Wherein, the top surface of the dielectric loading is flush with the top surface of the extended waveguide, and the top surface of the dielectric loading is the top surface of the end of the dielectric loading that is far away from the lower surface of the first trapezoid, so The top surface of the extended waveguide is the top surface of one end of the extended waveguide away from the square flange; The dielectric loading unit is inserted into the square flange and the hollow part of the rectangular waveguide through the pyramid and the first rectangular body, so that the dielectric loading unit and the waveguide generator are fixed; The extended waveguide obtains a preset limit boundary by adjusting its size, and the preset limit boundary is used to suppress the side lobe level of the medium-loaded antenna; The hollow part in the waveguide generator is used for air cooling and heat dissipation. 2 . The dielectric loading antenna according to claim 1 , wherein the sum of the volumes of the pyramid and the first rectangular body is not greater than the sum of the volumes of the square flange and the hollow portion of the rectangular waveguide. 3 . 3 . The dielectric-loaded antenna according to claim 2 , wherein the sum of the lengths of the pyramid and the first rectangular body is less than the sum of the lengths of the square flange and the hollow portion of the rectangular waveguide. 4 . 4 . The dielectric loading antenna according to claim 1 , wherein the first trapezoidal body is used for clamping the positional relationship between the dielectric loading unit and the waveguide generator. 5 . 5 . The dielectric-loaded antenna according to claim 1 , wherein the dielectric-loaded body is a second trapezoid body, the lower surface of which is abutted with the lower surface of the first trapezoid body, which is common with the extended waveguide. 6 . function to regulate the oral field of the medium-loaded antenna. 6. The dielectric loaded antenna of claim 1, wherein the pyramid and the pyramid-shaped waveguide are used for impedance matching. 7 . The dielectric-loaded antenna according to claim 1 , wherein the extended waveguide is a second rectangular body, the volume of the hollow portion of the extended waveguide is larger than the volume of the dielectric-loaded, and the extended waveguide is the same as the volume of the dielectric-loaded antenna. 8 . The dielectric loadings work together to regulate the orofacial field of the dielectric loading antenna. 8 . A parabolic antenna, characterized in that, the parabolic antenna comprises: a feed source and a paraboloid, and the feed source is composed of the medium-loaded antenna according to any one of claims 1-7 . 9. A parabolic antenna, characterized in that, the parabolic antenna comprises: a feed array and a paraboloid, the feed array is composed of at least two medium-loaded antennas according to any one of claims 1-7; wherein, in the In the absence of a paraboloid, the feed array is used alone as an antenna array.

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