CN110512226A - A kind of deuterium-depleted water production equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a deuterium-depleted water production equipment, comprising a pure water storage device, an electrolytic composite unit, a high-deuterium water generation unit and a deuterium-depleted water generation unit; the pure water storage device and the electrolytic composite unit are connected through a pure water delivery pipeline; The composite unit is externally connected to a power supply; the high-deuterium water generation unit includes a primary gas-liquid separation device and a high-deuterium water storage unit connected to the primary gas-liquid separation device; the low-deuterium water generation unit includes a secondary gas-liquid separation device and a secondary gas-liquid separation device. The deuterium-depleted water storage unit connected to the gas-liquid separation device; the device design of the present invention has low energy consumption, can efficiently obtain deuterium-depleted water from ordinary pure water, and obtain deuterium-containing water with a higher concentration, and the present invention is suitable for home preparation Deuterium-depleted water.

Description

A kind of deuterium-depleted water production equipment

technical field

The invention relates to the field of chemical separation of isotopes, in particular to deuterium-depleted water production equipment.

Background technique

In the final analysis, the separation of light water and heavy water is the separation of hydrogen isotopes, and the separation of protium and deuterium is the main one.

Electrolysis is currently one of the most effective methods for separating protium, deuterium and tritium in the world, mainly including alkaline electrolysis and solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) electrolysis.

SPE water electrolysis technology uses proton exchange membrane to replace traditional alkaline water electrolyte and asbestos diaphragm. Compared with traditional alkaline electrolytic barrel, its electrolysis method has smaller volume, higher current density and electrolysis efficiency, higher gas purity and longer service life. It has the advantages of long length and simpler system process, so it has been more and more used in modern electrolysis devices.

In addition to using chemical methods to enrich deuterium, there are some physical methods for concentrating heavy water, such as allowing light water to pass through a semi-permeable membrane at a certain temperature and pressure according to the difference in diffusion coefficient between light water and heavy water in the membrane. , while the diffusion speed of heavy water is slow, and the amount of permeation is small, so that the heavy water is concentrated to a certain extent. Others can also use the difference in specific gravity and heat enthalpy between light water and heavy water to separate heavy water.

Generally speaking, the separation of light water and heavy water, or mainly protium and deuterium, is achieved under appropriate conditions by utilizing the differences in their physicochemical properties, mainly in kinetics. However, all current processes have problems such as high cost and small separation coefficient, so these technologies are constantly being improved.

According to extensive and in-depth research results, no matter how much deuterium is contained in water, it is toxic to living organisms. Deuterium damages DNA, repairs enzymes, and even the entire body. High levels of deuterium have adverse effects on human genetics, metabolism, and enzyme systems. . Moreover, living organisms have no resistance to deuterium, and it is difficult to metabolize it once it enters the living body. Deuterium-depleted water has a positive effect on the metabolism of organisms and cell reproduction, and is beneficial to health and longevity, so it is also called the holy water of life.

So far, there is no efficient method or device to directly obtain deuterium-depleted water or ultra-light water from ordinary pure water, and obtain another by-product, namely deuterium-containing water with a higher concentration.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the invention is to overcome the problems of the prior art and provide a deuterium-depleted water production equipment.

A deuterium-depleted water production device of the present invention comprises a pure water storage device, an electrolytic composite unit, a high-deuterium water generation unit and a deuterium-depleted water generation unit; the pure water storage device communicates with the electrolytic composite unit through a pure water delivery pipeline; The electrolytic compound unit is externally connected with a power supply;

The high-deuterium water generation unit includes a first-level gas-liquid separation device and a high-deuterium water storage unit communicated with the first-level gas-liquid separation device; The pipeline forms a loop, the first-level delivery pipeline is provided with a first-level check valve, and the first-level air delivery pipeline is provided with a first-level air pump;

The deuterium-depleted water generating unit includes a secondary gas-liquid separation device and a deuterium-depleted water storage unit communicated with the secondary gas-liquid separation device; The pipeline forms a loop, the secondary delivery pipeline is provided with a secondary one-way valve, and the secondary gas delivery pipeline is provided with a secondary air pump.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the primary gas-liquid separation device is a hydrogen and high-deuterium water separator; the secondary gas-liquid separation device is an oxygen and low-deuterium water separator.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the pure water storage device is connected with a pure water generating device.

As a further improvement of the present invention, a hydrogen supply electrolysis battery is also included, one end of the hydrogen supply electrolysis battery communicates with the pure water storage device, and the other end communicates with the electrolytic compound unit for supplementing the electrolytic compound unit with hydrogen.

As a further improvement of the present invention, an air pressure monitoring device 202 is connected to the electrolytic compound unit.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the air pressure monitoring device is an air pressure control gauge.

As a further improvement of the present invention, a safety valve is provided on the electrolytic compound unit.

As a further improvement of the present invention, it also includes a control device, an air pressure monitoring device and a safety valve are connected to the electrolytic compound unit, and the pure water delivery pipeline, the first-level delivery pipeline, the first-level gas delivery pipeline, the second-level delivery pipeline and A solenoid valve is provided on the secondary gas transmission pipeline, and the control device is respectively connected with the air pressure monitoring device, the insurance and the solenoid valve through communication.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the control device is connected with an alarm device or a display device, the alarm device is a warning bell, and the display device is a display panel.

As a further improvement of the present invention, an oxygen storage unit is externally connected to the secondary gas transmission pipeline.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the electrolytic composite unit includes an electrolytic cell and a composite battery, the electrolytic cell includes an electrolytic anode and an electrolytic cathode, the composite battery includes a composite anode and a composite cathode, and the electrolytic anode and the composite cathode are compatible matching, the electrolysis cathode is compatible with the primary gas-liquid separation device; the composite anode is compatible with the primary gas-liquid separation device; the composite cathode is compatible with the secondary gas-liquid separation device;

As a further improvement of the present invention, the electrolytic anode and the composite cathode are compatible with the ion exchange membrane in the electrolytic composite unit through the oxygen delivery channel;

As a further improvement of the present invention, the electrolysis cathode is adapted to the primary gas-liquid separation device through the primary delivery pipeline;

As a further improvement of the present invention, the composite anode is adapted to the primary gas-liquid separation device through the primary gas pipeline

As a further improvement of the present invention, the composite cathode is adapted to the secondary gas-liquid separation device through the secondary delivery pipeline;

As a further improvement of the present invention, the electrolytic compound unit includes an ion exchange membrane, a membrane electrode and a flow field plate, which is a direct purchase combination of an existing electrolytic cell, and only needs to meet the purpose of electrolyzing water and compounding water.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is:

The device design of the present invention has low energy consumption, can efficiently obtain deuterium-depleted water from ordinary pure water, and obtain deuterium-containing water with a higher concentration, and the present invention is suitable for preparing deuterium-depleted water at home. By separating hydrogen isotopes in purified water, water mainly containing protium is obtained, that is, deuterium-depleted water or ultra-light water, in which the content of deuterium water can be reduced from about 150ppm to below 30ppm after separation.

The electrolytic composite unit of the present invention includes a water electrolysis battery and a hydrogen-oxygen composite battery. The water electrolysis battery of the present invention, the hydrogen-oxygen composite battery, and the water electrolysis battery for supplementing hydrogen all adopt SPE, that is, the proton exchange membrane electrode technology. Purified water is electrolyzed to generate hydrogen and oxygen, and at the same time, the hydrogen and oxygen generated by electrolysis are recombined to generate deuterium-depleted water. Among them, the water electrolysis battery is used to electrolyze water to generate hydrogen and oxygen, while the hydrogen-oxygen composite battery is to combine the hydrogen and oxygen generated by the water electrolysis battery to obtain deuterium-depleted water. The deuterium content in deuterium-depleted water is 150ppm in pure water. Around 30ppm or less.

The water electrolysis cell used for supplementing hydrogen can generate hydrogen and supplement it to the electrolytic recombination unit to make up for the loss of hydrogen caused by dissolution or escape, so as to ensure that the electrolysis of water and the recombination of hydrogen and oxygen can be carried out at the same current density, resulting in Stable operating environment.

The deuterium-depleted water prepared by the present invention can be applied in the fields of wine, beverages, cosmetics, medical saline and the like, and plays an important role in maintaining life.

The present invention takes full advantage of the differences in physical and chemical properties between the hydrogen isotopes protium and deuterium. In the process of water electrolysis and hydrogen-oxygen recombination, because the weight of protium isotope is only half of that of deuterium, protium has higher activity than deuterium kinetically. In the SPE electrolysis system, on the surface of the anode catalyst, the protium isotope water is preferentially electrolyzed, and the protium protons reach the cathode through the proton exchange membrane and form hydrogen with high content of protium. In addition, the moving speed of protium in the membrane is also much faster than that of deuterium. After reaching the cathode of the electrolytic cell, protium has higher activity and is easier to reduce than deuterium. More protium is reduced by electrolysis, which is the hydrogen isotope effect.

The hydrogen generated after electrolysis is transported to the anode of the composite battery, and the protons after releasing electrons pass through the proton exchange membrane to the cathode and electrochemically react with oxygen to generate the target water, that is, deuterium-depleted water, during which the electric energy generated by the recombination of hydrogen and oxygen is used To compensate for the electricity consumed by hydrolysis.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the deuterium-depleted water production equipment of the present invention.

In the figure, 1-pure water storage device, 101-pure water delivery pipeline, 102-pure water generation device, 2-electrolytic composite unit, 201-power supply, 202-pressure monitoring device, 203-safety valve, 301-first-level gas Liquid separation device, 302-high deuterium water storage unit, 303-first-level delivery pipeline, 304-first-level gas pipeline, 305-first-level check valve, 306-first-level air pump, 401-secondary gas-liquid separation device, 402-deuterium-depleted water storage unit, 403-secondary delivery pipeline, 404-secondary gas delivery pipeline, 405-secondary one-way valve, 406-secondary air pump, 407-oxygen storage unit, 5-hydrogen supply electrolysis battery.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further explained below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Example 1

A deuterium-depleted water production equipment, comprising a pure water storage device 1, an electrolytic composite unit 2, a high-deuterium water generation unit and a deuterium-depleted water generation unit; the pure water storage device 1 communicates with the electrolytic composite unit 2 through a pure water delivery pipeline 101; The electrolytic compound unit 2 is externally connected with a power supply 201;

The high deuterium water generating unit comprises a primary gas-liquid separation device 301 and a high deuterium water storage unit 302 communicated with the primary gas-liquid separation device 301; The primary gas transmission pipeline 304 forms a loop, the primary gas transmission pipeline 303 is provided with a primary one-way valve 305, and the primary gas transmission pipeline 304 is provided with a primary air pump 306;

Deuterium-depleted water generation unit comprises secondary gas-liquid separation device 401 and the deuterium-depleted water storage unit 402 that communicates with secondary gas-liquid separation device 401; The secondary gas transmission pipeline 404 forms a loop, the secondary gas transmission pipeline 403 is provided with a secondary one-way valve 405 , and the secondary gas transmission pipeline 404 is provided with a secondary air pump 406 .

Example 2

The rest are consistent with Embodiment 1, the primary gas-liquid separation device 301 is a hydrogen and deuterium-rich water separator; the secondary gas-liquid separation device 401 is an oxygen and deuterium-depleted water separator.

Example 3

Others are consistent with Embodiment 1 or 2, and the pure water storage device 1 is connected with a pure water generating device 102 .

Example 4

The rest is consistent with any one of Embodiments 1-3, and also includes a hydrogen supply electrolysis battery 5, one end of the hydrogen supply electrolysis battery 5 communicates with the pure water storage device 1, and the other end communicates with the electrolytic composite unit 2, for supplementing the electrolytic composite unit hydrogen. The hydrogen supply electrolysis cell 5 is a water electrolysis cell.

Example 5

Others are consistent with any one of Embodiments 1-4, and the electrolytic recombination unit 2 is connected with an air pressure monitoring device 202 .

Example 6

The rest are consistent with any one of Embodiments 1-5, and the air pressure monitoring device 202 is an air pressure control gauge.

Example 7

The rest are consistent with any one of Embodiments 1-6, and the electrolytic compound unit 2 is provided with a safety valve 203 .

Example 8

The rest are consistent with any one of Embodiments 1-7, and also include a control device. The electrolytic compound unit 2 is connected with an air pressure monitoring device 202 and a safety valve 203, a pure water delivery pipeline 101, a first-level delivery pipeline 303, and a first-level gas delivery pipeline. 304, the secondary delivery pipeline 403 and the secondary gas delivery pipeline 404 are provided with electromagnetic valves, and the control device is respectively connected with the air pressure monitoring device 202, the safety valve 203 and the electromagnetic valve through communication.

Example 9

The rest are consistent with any one of Embodiments 1-8, the control device is connected with an alarm device or a display device, the alarm device is a warning bell, and the display device is a display panel.

Example 10

The rest is consistent with any one of Embodiments 1-9, and the secondary gas transmission pipeline 404 is externally connected with an oxygen storage unit 407 .

Example 11

The rest are consistent with any one of Embodiments 1-10, the electrolytic composite unit 2 includes an electrolytic cell and a composite battery, the electrolytic cell includes an electrolytic anode and an electrolytic cathode, the composite battery includes a composite anode and a composite cathode, and the electrolytic anode is compatible with the composite cathode, The electrolysis cathode is compatible with the primary gas-liquid separation device; the composite anode is compatible with the primary gas-liquid separation device 301; the composite cathode is compatible with the secondary gas-liquid separation device 401; the electrolysis anode and the composite cathode pass through the oxygen delivery channel It is compatible with the ion exchange membrane in the electrolytic composite unit; the electrolytic cathode is compatible with the first-level gas-liquid separation device 301 through the first-level delivery pipeline 303; the composite anode and the first-level gas-liquid separation device 301 are through the first-level gas delivery pipeline 304 Compatible composite cathode and the secondary gas-liquid separation device 401 are matched through the secondary delivery pipeline 403; the electrolytic composite unit includes ion exchange membrane, membrane electrode and flow field plate, which is a direct purchase combination of the existing electrolytic cell , as long as the purpose of electrolyzed water and composite water is met.

The electrolytic battery is a water electrolytic battery, and the composite battery is a hydrogen-oxygen composite battery.

Example 12

The present invention adopts the pure water provided by the pure water generating device, whose room temperature conductivity is less than 10µScm¯ ¹ , through the electrolytic composite unit, the pure water provided by the pure water generating device is electrolyzed to generate hydrogen and oxygen, and then hydrogen and oxygen are compounded to obtain Deuterium-depleted water makes full use of the electric energy generated by hydrogen-oxygen recombination, so the overall energy consumption is low.

In the present invention, water electrolysis and hydrogen-oxygen compounding are combined to make an electrolytic compound unit, that is, a water electrolysis battery and a hydrogen-oxygen compound battery are combined to form a group of compound battery stacks, which are powered by the same DC power supply, so that hydrogen-oxygen compounding can produce The electrical energy is used for water electrolysis to achieve the purpose of saving energy. In such a composite unit, both input and output are water, but the water output is divided into two parts, one part has a lower deuterium content, and the other part has a higher deuterium content. In addition, because hydrogen can be The electric energy generated by oxygen recombination is utilized, so the energy consumed in the whole process is nearly half less than that of the simple electrolysis process, so that the production cost is greatly reduced.

The water electrolysis battery for the electrolysis battery, the hydrogen-oxygen composite battery for the composite battery, and the water electrolysis battery for the hydrogen supply electrolysis battery of the present application all adopt the SPE (Proton Exchange Membrane Electrode Technology), through which pure water is electrolyzed to generate hydrogen and oxygen, and at the same time recombine the hydrogen and oxygen generated by electrolysis to form deuterium-depleted water.

The room temperature conductivity of the pure water in the pure water storage device or pure water generating device of this application is less than 10µScm¯ ¹ .

The water electrolysis battery is used to electrolyze pure water to produce hydrogen and oxygen, while the hydrogen-oxygen composite battery combines the hydrogen and oxygen generated by the water electrolysis battery to obtain deuterium-depleted water. The deuterium content in deuterium-depleted water is reduced from that of pure water Around 150ppm down to 20-100ppm.

The water electrolysis battery and the hydrogen-oxygen compound battery can be combined to form a group of compound battery stacks, which are powered by the same DC power supply, so that the electric energy generated by the hydrogen-oxygen compound can be used for water electrolysis to save energy.

The pure water is input from the pure water generating device 102 to the pure water storage device 1, and then transported to the electrolytic compound unit 2 through the pure water delivery pipeline 101 for electrolysis and compounding. During electrolysis, the oxygen generated by the anode of the electrolysis cell is sent to the cathode of the composite battery, and the hydrogen gas generated by the cathode of the electrolysis cell carries water and enters the first-stage gas-liquid separation device 301 through the primary check valve 305, that is, hydrogen-water separation. After the gas-liquid separation, the liquid water flows into the high-deuterium water storage unit 302, while the hydrogen gas is transported to the anode of the composite electrode by the primary air pump 306, where it is electrolyzed, and the generated protons reach the cathode of the composite battery through the proton exchange membrane , carry out chemical recombination with oxygen at the cathode to generate deuterium-depleted water, deuterium-depleted water and unreacted oxygen then enter into the secondary gas-liquid separation device 401, namely the oxygen-water separator, through the secondary one-way valve 405, and the separated liquid water flows to In the deuterium-depleted water storage unit 402, the separated oxygen and the supplemented oxygen are transported to the electrolytic recombination unit 2 by the secondary air pump 406 to realize the circulation of oxygen. After such electrolytic composite process, the deuterium content of the liquid water in the secondary air pump 406 will drop to below 100ppm, good catalytic separation ability can drop the deuterium content to below 50ppm, better separation ability can reduce the deuterium content Drop below 20ppm; Simultaneously, the deuterium content of the water that obtains in the high deuterium water storage unit 302 will increase to more than 200ppm, good catalytic separation ability can improve deuterium content to more than 400ppm, better separation ability can reduce deuterium content Increase to above 600ppm.

The above content is an example and description of the present invention, but it does not mean that the advantages that the present invention can obtain are limited by this, and any simple transformation of the structure that may be possible in the practice of the present invention, and/or one of the advantages realized in some embodiments or more are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of low deuterium-oxide production equipment, it is characterised in that: including pure water storage apparatus (1), electrolysis recombiner unit (2), height Deuterium-oxide generation unit and low deuterium-oxide generation unit；The pure water storage apparatus (1) and electrolysis recombiner unit (2) pass through pure water Conveyance conduit (101) connection；The electrolysis recombiner unit (2) is circumscribed with power supply (201)；

The high deuterium-oxide generation unit includes level-one gas-liquid separation device (301) and is connected to level-one gas-liquid separation device (301) High deuterium-oxide storage unit (302)；Level-one gas-liquid separation device (301) and electrolysis recombiner unit (2) pass through first-level transport pipeline (303) and level-one gas pipeline (304) forms loop, and the first-level transport pipeline (303) is equipped with level-one check valve (305), The level-one gas pipeline (304) is equipped with level-one air pump (306)；

The low deuterium-oxide generation unit includes second level gas-liquid separation device (401) and is connected to second level gas-liquid separation device (401) Low deuterium-oxide storage unit (402)；Second level gas-liquid separation device (401) and electrolysis recombiner unit (2) pass through two-stage conveying pipeline (403) and second level gas pipeline (404) forms loop, and the two-stage conveying pipeline (403) is equipped with two-stage unidirectional valve (405), The second level gas pipeline (404) is equipped with second level air pump (406).

2. low deuterium-oxide production equipment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the level-one gas-liquid separation device (301) For hydrogen and high deuterium-oxide separator；The second level gas-liquid separation device (401) is oxygen and low deuterium-oxide separator.

3. low deuterium-oxide production equipment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: pure water storage apparatus (1) connection There are pure water generating device (102).

4. low deuterium-oxide production equipment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: it further include hydrogen supply electrolytic cell (5), it is described Hydrogen supply electrolytic cell (5) one end is connected to pure water storage apparatus (1), and the other end is connected to electrolysis recombiner unit (2).

5. low deuterium-oxide production equipment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: connected on the electrolysis recombiner unit (2) There are air pressure monitor device (202).

6. low deuterium-oxide production equipment according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the air pressure monitor device (202) is gas Voltage-controlled tabulation.

7. low deuterium-oxide production equipment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the electrolysis recombiner unit (2) is equipped with Easing valve (203).

8. low deuterium-oxide production equipment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: further include control device, the electrolysis is multiple It closes and is connected with air pressure monitor device (202) and easing valve (203), the pure water conveyance conduit (101), level-one on unit (2) Conveyance conduit (303), level-one gas pipeline (304), two-stage conveying pipeline (403) and second level gas pipeline (404) are equipped with electricity Magnet valve, the control device pass through communication connection with air pressure monitor device (202), easing valve (203) and solenoid valve respectively.

9. low deuterium-oxide production equipment according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: the control device is connected with warning device Or display device, the warning device are caution bell, the display device is display panel.

10. low deuterium-oxide production equipment according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: the second level gas pipeline (404) is external There are oxygen storage unit (407).