CN110511316A - 一种界面聚合的薄膜状高吸水性树脂的制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种界面聚合的薄膜状高吸水性树脂的制备方法，包括以下步骤：将丙烯酸、氢氧化钠和交联剂等加入去离子水中，控制中和度55‑75mol％的中和液水相；将引发剂分散在油相里，并将水相和油相形成分层界面，让聚合反应在界面上聚合形成薄膜状高吸水性树脂；将得到的薄膜状高吸水性树脂上下层直接复合卫生纸形成多层复合吸水材料；本发明通过界面聚合反应，将水相和油相形成分层界面，让聚合反应在界面上聚合形成薄膜状高吸水性树脂，并将得到的薄膜状高吸水性树脂上下层直接复合卫生纸形成多层复合吸水材料；通过特殊的界面聚合形成丙烯酸体系的超吸水薄膜，有较高的抗起坨和液体传导扩散性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及高分子材料技术领域，尤其是涉及一种界面聚合的薄膜状高吸水性树脂的制备方法。
背景技术
高吸水性树脂(简称SAP)是一种具有松散网络结构的低交联度亲水性高分子化合物，具有吸收自身重量几百倍甚至几千倍水的能力，且吸水速率快，保水性能好，即使加压也难把水分离出来。SPA一般按照原料分为淀粉系、纤维素系、合成树脂系等，其中淀粉系包括接枝淀粉、羧甲基化淀粉、磷酸酯化淀粉和淀粉黄原酸盐等；纤维素系包括接枝纤维素、羧甲基化纤维素、羟丙基化纤维素、黄原酸化纤维素等；合成树脂系包括聚丙烯酸盐类、聚乙烯醇类、聚氧化烷烃类、无机聚合物类等。
合成树脂类的高吸水性树脂为颗粒粉末状材料，将丙烯酸、氢氧化钠、自由基引发剂、交联剂等溶解在水相里，通过自由基引发剂使丙烯酸或丙烯酸纳产生自由基，并在交联剂的作用下形成凝胶状吸水材料，再通过干燥、破碎以及表面二次交联从而形成颗粒粉末状高吸水性树脂，目前的公开的专利都为颗粒状或纤维状的高吸水性树脂。颗粒状的高吸水性树脂，没办法形成液体的传导以及颗粒感太强，也未见报道到薄膜状的高吸水性树脂或丙烯酸体系的超吸水薄膜。本专利针对以上问题，提成了一种油相及水相界面聚合的薄膜状高吸水性树脂及其多层复合材料。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的不足，本发明的目的是提供一种含有护肤成分的高吸水性树脂。
为了实现上述目的，本发明所采用的技术方案是：
一种界面聚合的薄膜状高吸水性树脂的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
A、将丙烯酸、氢氧化钠和交联剂等加入去离子水中，控制中和度55-75mol％的中和液水相；
B、将引发剂分散在油相里，并将水相和油相形成分层界面，让聚合反应在界面上聚合形成薄膜状高吸水性树脂；
C、将得到的薄膜状高吸水性树脂上下层直接复合卫生纸形成多层复合吸水材料。
进一步的技术方案中，所述交联剂选用N，N′-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺。
进一步的技术方案中，交联剂按占所述丙烯酸、去离子水、氢氧化钠、交联剂总量的重量百分比为0.2％。
进一步的技术方案中，所述引发剂选用过氧化苯甲酰、过氧化苯甲酰叔丁酯、过氧化甲乙酮中的一种；采用有机过氧化物引发剂，是油溶性过氧化物，可引发不饱和聚酯的聚合、橡胶的硫化、氯乙烯、苯乙烯等烯类单体的聚合。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果为：1、本发明通过界面聚合反应，将水相和油相形成分层界面，让聚合反应在界面上聚合形成薄膜状高吸水性树脂，并将得到的薄膜状高吸水性树脂上下层直接复合卫生纸形成多层复合吸水材料，通过特殊的界面聚合形成丙烯酸体系的超吸水薄膜，有较高的抗起坨和液体传导扩散性；2、薄膜状高吸水性树脂，表面光滑平顺，与卫生纸进行复合后不具有颗粒感，提高使用者的舒适感，而且薄膜状的形态更加有利于液体的传导，提高树脂的吸水速度、凝胶强度和热稳定性能，使得SPA具有多次加压吸收、通液性能优良的特点，能多次快速渗透和扩散，适用于未来一次性卫生用品轻质薄型化的发展。
具体实施方式
以下仅为本发明的较佳实施例，并不因此而限定本发明的保护范围。
实施例1：
一种界面聚合的薄膜状高吸水性树脂的制备方法，在0-50℃的条件下，将丙烯酸、氢氧化钠和交联剂等加入去离子水中，所述交联剂选用N，N′-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺，交联剂按占所述丙烯酸、去离子水、氢氧化钠、交联剂总量的重量百分比为0.2％，控制中和度55mol％的中和液水相；将引发剂分散在油相里，引发剂选用过氧化苯甲酰，油相并将水相和油相形成分层界面，让聚合反应在界面上聚合形成薄膜状高吸水性树脂；将得到的薄膜状高吸水性树脂上下层直接复合卫生纸形成多层复合吸水材料。
实施例2：
一种界面聚合的薄膜状高吸水性树脂的制备方法，首先将丙烯酸、氢氧化钠和交联剂等加入去离子水中，所述交联剂选用N，N′-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺，交联剂按占所述丙烯酸、去离子水、氢氧化钠、交联剂总量的重量百分比为0.2％，控制中和度60mol％的中和液水相；将引发剂分散在油相里，引发剂选用过氧化苯甲酰叔丁酯，油相并将水相和油相形成分层界面，让聚合反应在界面上聚合形成薄膜状高吸水性树脂；将得到的薄膜状高吸水性树脂上下层直接复合卫生纸形成多层复合吸水材料。
实施例3：
一种界面聚合的薄膜状高吸水性树脂的制备方法，首先将丙烯酸、氢氧化钠和交联剂等加入去离子水中，所述交联剂选用N，N′-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺，交联剂按占所述丙烯酸、去离子水、氢氧化钠、交联剂总量的重量百分比为0.2％，控制中和度70mol％的中和液水相；将引发剂分散在油相里，引发剂选用过氧化甲乙酮，油相并将水相和油相形成分层界面，让聚合反应在界面上聚合形成薄膜状高吸水性树脂；将得到的薄膜状高吸水性树脂上下层直接复合卫生纸形成多层复合吸水材料。
实施例4：
一种界面聚合的薄膜状高吸水性树脂的制备方法，首先将丙烯酸、氢氧化钠和交联剂等加入去离子水中，所述交联剂选用N，N′-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺，交联剂按占所述丙烯酸、去离子水、氢氧化钠、交联剂总量的重量百分比为0.2％，控制中和度75mol％的中和液水相；将引发剂分散在油相里，引发剂选用过氧化苯甲酰，油相并将水相和油相形成分层界面，让聚合反应在界面上聚合形成薄膜状高吸水性树脂；将得到的薄膜状高吸水性树脂上下层直接复合卫生纸形成多层复合吸水材料。
通过上述4种实施例制得的薄膜状高吸水性树脂，表面光滑平顺，与卫生纸进行复合后不具有颗粒感，提高使用者的舒适感，而且薄膜状的形态更加有利于液体的传导，提高树脂的吸水速度、凝胶强度和热稳定性能，使得SPA具有多次加压吸收、通液性能优良的特点，能多次快速渗透和扩散，适用于未来一次性卫生用品轻质薄型化的发展。
将上述实施例1-4制得的薄膜状高吸水性树脂进行吸水倍率测试，测试标准参照GB/T 8939–2018，测试结果如下表所示：
从实验结果中可知，采用发明提供的工艺制得薄膜状的高吸水性树脂，在5-10min内即可达到饱和状态，而传统的颗粒状高吸水性树脂在15min才能达到饱和状态，因此可得出薄膜状高吸水性树脂的吸水速率比颗粒状态高吸水性树脂优异数倍，有较高的液体传导扩散性。
以上内容仅为本发明的较佳实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员，依据本发明的思想，在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处，本说明书内容不应理解为对本发明的限制。
Claims (4)
1.一种界面聚合的薄膜状高吸水性树脂的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
A、将丙烯酸、氢氧化钠和交联剂等加入去离子水中，控制中和度55-75mol％的中和液水相；
B、将引发剂分散在油相里，并将水相和油相形成分层界面，让聚合反应在界面上聚合形成薄膜状高吸水性树脂；
C、将得到的薄膜状高吸水性树脂上下层直接复合卫生纸形成多层复合吸水材料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种界面聚合的薄膜状高吸水性树脂的制备方法，其特征在于，所述交联剂选用N，N′-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种界面聚合的薄膜状高吸水性树脂的制备方法，其特征在于，交联剂按占所述丙烯酸、去离子水、氢氧化钠、交联剂总量的重量百分比为0.2％。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种界面聚合的薄膜状高吸水性树脂的制备方法，其特征在于，所述引发剂选用过氧化苯甲酰、过氧化苯甲酰叔丁酯、过氧化甲乙酮中的一种。
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