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CN110509638A - 一种军绿色pvc/tpu高阻复合膜及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种军绿色pvc/tpu高阻复合膜及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN110509638A
CN110509638A CN201910879165.3A CN201910879165A CN110509638A CN 110509638 A CN110509638 A CN 110509638A CN 201910879165 A CN201910879165 A CN 201910879165A CN 110509638 A CN110509638 A CN 110509638A
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pvc
pulp layer
green
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military
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陆慧斌
施春峰
徐丽
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ZHEJIANG HUIFENG NEW MATERIALS CO., LTD.
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Zhejiang Huifeng Film Technology Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D7/00—Producing flat articles, e.g. films or sheets
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
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    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
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    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
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    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0002—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate
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    • D06N3/0036—Polyester fibres
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    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/04—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06N3/06—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds with polyvinylchloride or its copolymerisation products
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/02—Coating on the layer surface on fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/10—Coating on the layer surface on synthetic resin layer or on natural or synthetic rubber layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/26—Polymeric coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
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    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0276—Polyester fibres
    • B32B2262/0284—Polyethylene terephthalate [PET] or polybutylene terephthalate [PBT]
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    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/552—Fatigue strength
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/714—Inert, i.e. inert to chemical degradation, corrosion
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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种军绿色PVC/TPU高阻复合膜，所述军绿色PVC/TPU高阻复合膜由上至下依次为：军绿PVC塑浆层、带有胶黏剂的军绿PVC塑浆层、高强涤纶机织布、带有胶黏剂的透明PVC塑浆层、透明PVC塑浆层和改性TPU阻隔膜层；所述军绿PVC塑浆层、带有胶黏剂的军绿PVC塑浆层、高强涤纶机织布、带有胶黏剂的透明PVC塑浆层、透明PVC塑浆层之间均通过刀刮涂层法得到军绿PVC涂层布，所述军绿PVC涂层布的透明PVC塑浆层与改性TPU阻隔膜层通过压力贴合得到军绿PVC/TPU高阻复合膜材料。本发明具有优良的高阻隔、高强度、质轻的优点，绿色环保，工艺简单，易于实施同，市场前景广阔。

Description

一种军绿色PVC/TPU高阻复合膜及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种复合膜的制备方法，具体涉及一种军绿色PVC/TPU高阻复合膜及其制备方法。
背景技术
膜材是膜结构中最重要的组成部分，被称为“第五代建材”，其作用等同于传统的刚性结构中的混凝土、钢筋等材料。它是一种具有高强度、柔韧性好的薄膜材料，由织物材料和涂层复合而成的涂层织物。目前常用的膜材料，按其涂层材料不同分为以下几种 ：1)PVC 膜材 ：由聚氯乙烯涂层和聚酯纤维 ( 涤纶 ) 基层复合而成 ；2)PTFE 膜材 ：在极细的玻璃纤维编织成的基布上涂覆聚四氟乙烯 (PTFE) 而形成的复合膜材料 ；其最大特点是强度高、耐久性好、防火难燃、自洁性好，不受紫外线影响 ；3)PVDF 膜材 ：在聚脂纤维编织的基布上涂覆聚氯乙烯后再加 100％聚偏氟乙烯 (PVDF) 表面涂层而形成的复合膜材料，PVC 膜材由其出色的性价比、低廉的原料成本、较好的撕裂强度以及优良的加工柔韧性，是目前应用最广的膜材。
传统的涤纶 PVC 膜材一般由基层和涂面层组成，通过先将聚氯乙烯树脂或者乳液均匀地涂刮于布基上，再经过烘熔 ( 加热至糊层完全熔融塑并均匀紧贴于布基上 )，冷却后即成膜材。PVC 膜材的通常采用热压贴合，直接采用 PVC 薄膜与涤纶织布在一定的压力和温度下进行贴合，冷却即可制得压延膜材。通常该方法需要在基布表面覆加一层粘接剂，然后通过加热和加压使基布与 PVC 薄膜二者贴合。目前热压贴合方法的产品以双层热贴膜材为主。
目前膜材冷封材料存在与薄膜结合力差、厚度高、结合强度低等问题。功能性膜材的制备取决于膜结构设计、涂层配方设计和复合工艺。且对于多层热贴技术的研究还处于起步阶段，尤其是在制备高阻复合膜的多层热贴膜材技术方面还有待进一步研究。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种军绿色PVC/TPU高阻复合膜及其制备方法，产品水蒸气透过量（g/m3*24h）≤1.5，具有优良的高阻隔、高强度、质轻的优点，绿色环保，工艺简单，易于实施同，市场前景广阔。
本发明提供了一种军绿色PVC/TPU高阻复合膜，所述军绿色PVC/TPU高阻复合膜由上至下依次为：军绿PVC塑浆层、带有胶黏剂的军绿PVC塑浆层、高强涤纶机织布、带有胶黏剂的透明PVC塑浆层、透明PVC塑浆层和改性TPU阻隔膜层；所述军绿PVC塑浆层、带有胶黏剂的军绿PVC塑浆层、高强涤纶机织布、带有胶黏剂的透明PVC塑浆层、透明PVC塑浆层之间均通过刀刮涂层法得到军绿PVC涂层布，所述军绿PVC涂层布的透明PVC塑浆层与改性TPU阻隔膜层通过压力贴合得到军绿PVC/TPU高阻复合膜材料。
作为一种优选，所述军绿PVC塑浆层、带有胶黏剂的军绿PVC塑浆层、带有胶黏剂的透明PVC塑浆层和透明PVC塑浆层中均包括PVC糊树脂、增塑剂、粘合剂、抗老化剂和防水剂，其中增塑剂为DINP，增塑剂的含量为PVC糊树脂重量百分比的54 %。
作为一种优选，所述的军绿PVC塑浆层和带有胶黏剂的军绿PVC塑浆层中还含有军绿色颜料和钛白浆，所述钛白浆的含量为PVC糊树脂重量的9.8%。
作为一种优选，所述带有胶黏剂的军绿PVC塑浆层和带有胶黏剂的透明PVC塑浆层中的胶黏剂为异氰酸酯类胶黏剂，所述胶黏剂的含量为PVC树脂重量的3.3%。
作为一种优选，所述高强涤纶机织布的厚度为0.20 mm；所述带有胶黏剂的军绿PVC塑浆层和带有胶黏剂的透明PVC塑浆层的厚度均为0.065～0.07 mm。
一种制备如上所述军绿色PVC/TPU高阻复合膜的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
a：采用刀刮涂层法在高强涤纶机织布的正反面同时经过立式底涂带有胶黏剂的军绿PVC塑浆层和带有胶黏剂的透明PVC塑浆层，加热轮温度为165～180 ℃；
b：采用刀刮涂层法在步骤a得到的材料经过立式底涂上军绿PVC塑浆层和透明PVC塑浆层，加热轮温度为175～185 ℃，得到军绿PVC涂层布；
c：将步骤b得到的军绿PVC涂层布的透明PVC塑浆层与改性TPU阻隔膜层进行同时预热，将军绿PVC涂层布的透明PVC塑浆层与TPU阻隔膜层表面接触，使其直接压力贴合，贴合温度为150～160 ℃；所述军绿PVC涂层布和改性TPU阻隔膜层进入贴合压力轮的速度相同；经过两次压平，两次加热，冷却至室温，得到军绿PVC/TPU高阻复合膜材料。
作为一种优选，步骤a所述的刀刮涂层带有胶黏剂的军绿PVC塑浆层和带有胶黏剂的透明PVC塑浆层的步骤包括：将PVC糊树脂、增塑剂、粘合剂、抗老化剂、防水剂、钛白浆和颜料混合均匀后放在机器一侧的储料槽内；将PVC糊树脂、增塑剂、粘合剂、抗老化剂和防水剂混合均匀后放在机器另一侧的储料槽内，高强涤纶机织布经滚轮滚动经过储料槽，正反面分别刀刮上一层带有胶黏剂的军绿PVC塑浆层和带有胶黏剂的透明PVC塑浆层，输送到加热轮，加热冷却。
作为一种优选，步骤b中采用的刀刮涂层法上涂军绿PVC塑浆层和透明PVC塑浆层的步骤包括：将PVC糊树脂、增塑剂、抗老化剂、防水剂、钛白浆和颜料混合均匀后放在机器一侧的储料槽内，将PVC糊树脂、增塑剂、抗老化剂、防水剂混合均匀后放在机器另一侧的储料槽内，将步骤a制得的材料经滚轮滚动经过储料槽，正反面分别刀刮上一层军绿PVC塑浆层和透明PVC塑浆层，然后输送到加热轮，进入烘箱烘干塑化，冷却后形成军绿PVC涂层布。
本发明主要应用于部队机器设备的封存，应用领域特殊。
本发明TPU热贴复合技术：军绿色PVC涂层布背面设计热塑型聚氨酯弹性体TPU阻隔膜，采用自主研发贴合机，在面膜加热轮、底膜加热轮之间设置基布压轮组，经过两次压平，两次加热，提高贴合平整度和阻隔能力。
本发明高强度基布织造技术：经纬线采用1000D的高强涤纶丝，20X20根/英寸机织布作为基布，提高机织密度和纤维强度，从而增强基布的机械强度。
本发明军绿色PVC涂布层配方技术：以PVC糊树脂、增塑剂、军绿色料、UV531抗老化剂、抗菌剂、粘合剂、AG-710防水剂组成军绿PVC浆料配方，采用正交化正交优化配方设计，经高速搅拌分散，提高物料间相容性，具有抗菌、抗老化、防水等功能。
本发明的有益效果是：本发明与传统的复合膜相比，本产品膜结构为国内同行首创，水蒸气透过量（g/m3*24h）≤1.5，具有高阻隔、高强度、质轻等特点；绿色环保，工艺简单，易于实施，粘贴效果美观，具有极好的市场前景。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例1的结构示意图。
下面结合附图对本发明做进一步说明。
具体实施方式
实施例1：如图1所示，一种军绿色PVC/TPU高阻复合膜，所述军绿色PVC/TPU高阻复合膜由上至下依次为：军绿PVC塑浆层1、带有胶黏剂的军绿PVC塑浆层2、高强涤纶机织布3、带有胶黏剂的透明PVC塑浆层4、透明PVC塑浆层5和改性TPU阻隔膜层6；所述军绿PVC塑浆层1、带有胶黏剂的军绿PVC塑浆层2、高强涤纶机织布3、带有胶黏剂的透明PVC塑浆层4、透明PVC塑浆层5之间均通过刀刮涂层法得到军绿PVC涂层布，所述军绿PVC涂层布的透明PVC塑浆层5与改性TPU阻隔膜层6通过压力贴合得到军绿PVC/TPU高阻复合膜材料。
所述军绿PVC塑浆层1、带有胶黏剂的军绿PVC塑浆层2、带有胶黏剂的透明PVC塑浆层4和透明PVC塑浆层5中均包括PVC糊树脂、增塑剂、粘合剂、抗老化剂和防水剂，其中增塑剂为DINP，增塑剂的含量为PVC糊树脂重量百分比的54 %。
所述的军绿PVC塑浆层1和带有胶黏剂的军绿PVC塑浆层2中还含有军绿色颜料和钛白浆，所述钛白浆的含量为PVC糊树脂重量的9.8%。
所述带有胶黏剂的军绿PVC塑浆层2和带有胶黏剂的透明PVC塑浆层4中的胶黏剂为异氰酸酯类胶黏剂，所述胶黏剂的含量为PVC树脂重量的3.3%。
所述高强涤纶机织布3的厚度为0.20 mm；所述带有胶黏剂的军绿PVC塑浆层2和带有胶黏剂的透明PVC塑浆层4的厚度均为0.065～0.07 mm。
以上产品主要能达到的技术指标是：
1、拉伸负荷（N/5cm）：经向≥3200，纬向≥2500；
2、撕裂负荷（N）：经向≥250，纬向≥200；
3、剥离负荷（N/5cm）：经向≥120，纬向≥120；
4、水蒸气透过量（g/m3*24h）：≤1.5。
实施例2：一种军绿色PVC/TPU高阻复合膜的制备方法， 包括以下步骤：
a：采用刀刮涂层法在高强涤纶机织布3的正反面同时经过立式底涂带有胶黏剂的军绿PVC塑浆层2和带有胶黏剂的透明PVC塑浆层4，加热轮温度为165～180 ℃；
b：采用刀刮涂层法在步骤a得到的材料经过立式底涂上军绿PVC塑浆层1和透明PVC塑浆层5，加热轮温度为175～185 ℃，得到军绿PVC涂层布；
c：将步骤b得到的军绿PVC涂层布的透明PVC塑浆层5与改性TPU阻隔膜层6进行同时预热，将军绿PVC涂层布的透明PVC塑浆层5与TPU阻隔膜层6表面接触，使其直接压力贴合，贴合温度为150～160 ℃；所述军绿PVC涂层布和改性TPU阻隔膜层6进入贴合压力轮的速度相同；经过两次压平，两次加热，冷却至室温，得到军绿PVC/TPU高阻复合膜材料。
其中，步骤a所述的刀刮涂层带有胶黏剂的军绿PVC塑浆层2和带有胶黏剂的透明PVC塑浆层4的步骤包括：将PVC糊树脂、增塑剂、粘合剂、抗老化剂、防水剂、钛白浆和颜料混合均匀后放在机器一侧的储料槽内；将PVC糊树脂、增塑剂、粘合剂、抗老化剂和防水剂混合均匀后放在机器另一侧的储料槽内，高强涤纶机织布3经滚轮滚动经过储料槽，正反面分别刀刮上一层带有胶黏剂的军绿PVC塑浆层2和带有胶黏剂的透明PVC塑浆层4，输送到加热轮，加热冷却。
其中，步骤b中采用的刀刮涂层法上涂军绿PVC塑浆层1和透明PVC塑浆层5的步骤包括：将PVC糊树脂、增塑剂、抗老化剂、防水剂、钛白浆和颜料混合均匀后放在机器一侧的储料槽内，将PVC糊树脂、增塑剂、抗老化剂、防水剂混合均匀后放在机器另一侧的储料槽内，将步骤a制得的材料经滚轮滚动经过储料槽，正反面分别刀刮上一层军绿PVC塑浆层1和透明PVC塑浆层5，然后输送到加热轮，进入烘箱烘干塑化，冷却后形成军绿PVC涂层布。

Claims (8)

1.一种军绿色PVC/TPU高阻复合膜，其特征在于：所述军绿色PVC/TPU高阻复合膜由上至下依次为：军绿PVC塑浆层（1）、带有胶黏剂的军绿PVC塑浆层（2）、高强涤纶机织布（3）、带有胶黏剂的透明PVC塑浆层（4）、透明PVC塑浆层（5）和改性TPU阻隔膜层（6）；所述军绿PVC塑浆层（1）、带有胶黏剂的军绿PVC塑浆层（2）、高强涤纶机织布（3）、带有胶黏剂的透明PVC塑浆层（4）、透明PVC塑浆层（5）之间均通过刀刮涂层法得到军绿PVC涂层布，所述军绿PVC涂层布的透明PVC塑浆层（5）与改性TPU阻隔膜层（6）通过压力贴合得到军绿PVC/TPU高阻复合膜材料。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种军绿色PVC/TPU高阻复合膜，其特征在于：所述军绿PVC塑浆层（1）、带有胶黏剂的军绿PVC塑浆层（2）、带有胶黏剂的透明PVC塑浆层（4）和透明PVC塑浆层（5）中均包括PVC糊树脂、增塑剂、粘合剂、抗老化剂和防水剂，其中增塑剂为DINP，增塑剂的含量为PVC糊树脂重量百分比的54 %。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的一种军绿色PVC/TPU高阻复合膜，其特征在于：所述的军绿PVC塑浆层（1）和带有胶黏剂的军绿PVC塑浆层（2）中还含有军绿色颜料和钛白浆，所述钛白浆的含量为PVC糊树脂重量的9.8%。
4.如权利要求1或2所述的一种军绿色PVC/TPU高阻复合膜，其特征在于：所述带有胶黏剂的军绿PVC塑浆层（2）和带有胶黏剂的透明PVC塑浆层（4）中的胶黏剂为异氰酸酯类胶黏剂，所述胶黏剂的含量为PVC树脂重量的3.3%。
5.如权利要求1所述的一种军绿色PVC/TPU高阻复合膜，其特征在于：所述高强涤纶机织布（3）的厚度为0.20 mm；所述带有胶黏剂的军绿PVC塑浆层（2）和带有胶黏剂的透明PVC塑浆层（4）的厚度均为0.065～0.07 mm。
6.一种制备如权利要求1所述军绿色PVC/TPU高阻复合膜的制备方法，其特征在于： 包括以下步骤：
a：采用刀刮涂层法在高强涤纶机织布（3）的正反面同时经过立式底涂带有胶黏剂的军绿PVC塑浆层（2）和带有胶黏剂的透明PVC塑浆层（4），加热轮温度为165～180 ℃；
b：采用刀刮涂层法在步骤a得到的材料经过立式底涂上军绿PVC塑浆层（1）和透明PVC塑浆层（5），加热轮温度为175～185 ℃，得到军绿PVC涂层布；
c：将步骤b得到的军绿PVC涂层布的透明PVC塑浆层（5）与改性TPU阻隔膜层（6）进行同时预热，将军绿PVC涂层布的透明PVC塑浆层（5）与TPU阻隔膜层（6）表面接触，使其直接压力贴合，贴合温度为150～160 ℃；所述军绿PVC涂层布和改性TPU阻隔膜层（6）进入贴合压力轮的速度相同；经过两次压平，两次加热，冷却至室温，得到军绿PVC/TPU高阻复合膜材料。
7.如权利要求6所述的军绿色PVC/TPU高阻复合膜的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤a所述的刀刮涂层带有胶黏剂的军绿PVC塑浆层（2）和带有胶黏剂的透明PVC塑浆层（4）的步骤包括：将PVC糊树脂、增塑剂、粘合剂、抗老化剂、防水剂、钛白浆和颜料混合均匀后放在机器一侧的储料槽内；将PVC糊树脂、增塑剂、粘合剂、抗老化剂和防水剂混合均匀后放在机器另一侧的储料槽内，高强涤纶机织布（3）经滚轮滚动经过储料槽，正反面分别刀刮上一层带有胶黏剂的军绿PVC塑浆层（2）和带有胶黏剂的透明PVC塑浆层（4），输送到加热轮，加热冷却。
8.如权利要求6所述的一种军绿色PVC/TPU高阻复合膜及其制备方法，其特征在于：步骤b中采用的刀刮涂层法上涂军绿PVC塑浆层（1）和透明PVC塑浆层（5）的步骤包括：将PVC糊树脂、增塑剂、抗老化剂、防水剂、钛白浆和颜料混合均匀后放在机器一侧的储料槽内，将PVC糊树脂、增塑剂、抗老化剂、防水剂混合均匀后放在机器另一侧的储料槽内，将步骤a制得的材料经滚轮滚动经过储料槽，正反面分别刀刮上一层军绿PVC塑浆层（1）和透明PVC塑浆层（5），然后输送到加热轮，进入烘箱烘干塑化，冷却后形成军绿PVC涂层布。
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