CN110502000A - A kind of small power station's key equipment safe early warning and fault diagnosis system and method - Google Patents
A kind of small power station's key equipment safe early warning and fault diagnosis system and method Download PDFInfo
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- G05B23/0205—Electric testing or monitoring by means of a monitoring system capable of detecting and responding to faults
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of small power station's key equipment safe early warning and fault diagnosis systems and method, it includes: that Point location detection system is connect with signal acquiring system；Signal acquiring system is connect with data processing system；Diagnostic method includes: to pinpoint the detection each detection point real-time status of water turbine set by Point location detection system；Signal acquiring system converts the signal that Point location detection system transmits；Data processing system receives the detection data that signal acquiring system transmits；Water level, the unit head, the mild oil temperature data of water guide shoe for provide to power plant's monitoring and controlling system are received simultaneously；And information System, data are analyzed and fault diagnosis；It solves power station on-Line Monitor Device and is difficult to effective indirect labor's progress all-round failure analysis and diagnosis, also can not the failure to Hydropower Unit carry out automation fault diagnosis, it is difficult to effectively evade normal risk, so that the technical problems such as the safe and stable operation of power plant can not be ensured.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to generating set condition monitoring and fault diagnosis technical fields more particularly to a kind of small power station's key to set
Standby safe early warning and fault diagnosis system and method.
Background technique
Water power is a kind of clean reproducible energy, and traffic control is flexible, is the important component of China's energy resource structure.Closely
The China Nian Lai hydropower installed capacity rapidly increases, and generating set increases so that maintenance workload increases severely, to the dimension of service personnel
It is also increasing to protect pressure.In order to ensure that Hydropower Unit operates normally while reducing maintenance difficulty, the most water in China at present
Power station has been mounted with simple on-Line Monitor Device, being capable of the works such as vibration, throw, temperature, voltage, electric current to Hydropower Unit
Condition data are acquired in real time, and are alarmed the quantity of state to cross the border, but these monitoring systems be merely able to carry out it is single
The simple early warning of equipment preset threshold, it is difficult to resultant fault analysis be carried out to electric system and state change is predicted, to be difficult to
Effective indirect labor carries out all-round failure analysis and diagnosis, also can not the failure to Hydropower Unit carry out automation failure and examine
It is disconnected, it is difficult to effectively to evade normal risk, so that the safe and stable operation of power plant can not be ensured.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is providing a kind of small power station's key equipment safe early warning and fault diagnosis system
And method, it is merely able to carry out the simple pre- of single equipment preset threshold to solve power station on-Line Monitor Device in the prior art
It is alert, it is difficult to resultant fault analysis be carried out to electric system and state change is predicted, carried out entirely to be difficult to effective indirect labor
Orientation accident analysis and diagnosis, also can not the failure to Hydropower Unit carry out automation fault diagnosis, it is difficult to effectively evade often
Risk is advised, so that the technical problems such as the safe and stable operation of power plant can not be ensured.
The technical scheme is that
Point location detection system is connect with signal acquiring system；Signal acquiring system is connect with data processing system.
Power plant's monitoring and controlling system, power plant's MSI system, Style Product Information Management System and efficiency test and analysis system pass through respectively
RS232 or RS485 cable is connect with data processing system.
The detecting element of Point location detection system includes current vortex sensor, vibrating sensor, pressure transmitter, displacement sensing
Device, secondary meter, key phase or contact type temperature sensor；The detecting element passes through signal cable and signal acquisition system
System connection；The current vortex sensor leads the status signal that throw, lower throw, water lead throw for detecting；Vibrating sensing
Device is for detecting upper spider radial vibration, stator frame radial vibration, iron core radial vibration, lower bearing bracket radial vibration, thrust axis
Hold the status signal of radial vibration, top cover horizontal vibration, top cover vertical vibration；Pressure transmitter is for detecting spiral case inlet pressure
Pressure fluctuation under power, top cover, Pressure Fluctuation in Draft Tube status signal；Displacement sensor is for detecting inlet valve basic displacement
Status signal；Secondary meter is opened for detecting governor oil pressure, active power, guide vane opening, Generator Outlet Switchgear and oil pump
The status signal of dynamic signal；Key phase is used to detect the status signal of generating unit speed key phase；Contact type temperature sensor is used
In detection penstock temperature and inlet valve temperature.
Signal acquiring system includes data input module, and data input module is connect with filter circuit；Filter circuit with adopt
The connection of collecting system master controller；Acquisition system master controller is connect with data outputting module.
Data processing system includes external communication system, and the external communication system is connect with data service system；Data
Service system is connect with Analysis on Fault Diagnosis system；Analysis on Fault Diagnosis system and data service system respectively with human-computer interaction system
System connection.
The diagnostic method of a kind of described small power station's key equipment safe early warning and fault diagnosis system, it includes:
Step 1 passes through the Point location detection system fixed point detection each detection point real-time status of water turbine set；
Step 2, signal acquiring system convert the signal that Point location detection system transmits；
Step 3, data processing system receive the detection data that signal acquiring system transmits；And it is with power plant main monitoring
System, power plant's MSI system, Style Product Information Management System, efficiency test and analysis system establish data sharing；It receives to come to power plant simultaneously
Water level, the unit head, the mild oil temperature data of water guide shoe of monitoring and controlling system offer；And information System, data are analyzed and event
Barrier diagnosis.
The analysis of data described in step 3 and method for diagnosing faults include:
For waterpower imbalance fault analyzing and diagnosing: system can automatically select throw, radial direction under idle condition and shake first
Dynamic 1X durection component distinguishes basis of reference as failure, then throw, radial direction of the selection under identical head under different load
The variation of the 1X durection component of vibration and benchmark 1X durection component identifies that unit whether there is since runner ontology blade profile is different
Cause, leaf road is inconsistent, waterpower imbalance fault of the inconsistent formation of each length of blade of runner, then by comparing different load
Under lower throw, radial vibration blade frequencies component and idle condition the variation of blade frequency component come identify unit whether there is by
In runner envelope circularity irregular shape at waterpower imbalance fault, when under full load condition the throw of unit and frame vibration in 1X
Actual measurement amplitude in durection component is greater than unit throw and frame vibration under full load condition and can hold in 1X durection component
The amplitude variation lower limit born, and the component in 1X durection component-load linearly dependent coefficient is greater than in 1X durection component at this time
When typical coefficient, then existing since runner ontology blade profile is inconsistent, leaf road is inconsistent, the inconsistent caused water of each blade of runner
Power imbalance fault, when under full load condition different leaves vibration and throw durection component on vibration and throw actual measurement amplitude it is equal
Change lower limit, and corresponding vibration and throw direction greater than the patient amplitude of vibration and throw durection component institute in respective vanes
When component-load linearly dependent coefficient on component is all larger than the typical coefficient on corresponding vibration and throw durection component, then
In the presence of due to runner envelope circularity irregular shape at hydraulic equilibrium failure；
For electromagnetic force imbalance fault analyzing and diagnosing, first system can select in rated speed and under the conditions of without excitation or
The normal Auto Power On of unit and stopping process data and change exciting test, pressure build-up test under person's idle condition cross number of passes
According to as fault identification basis of reference, in rated speed without under excitation condition and idle condition, since automatic no-load speed is swung
Relative value: < ± 0.25%, therefore, it is determined that unit is without rotation speed change, guide vane opening is also unchanged, change only generator without
Excitation and there is excitation condition, therefore the change of unit vibration, throw is thought to be caused by electromagnet pull imbalance in the process, so
It is compared afterwards according to the throw and frame vibration data of the last start process and stopping process and real-time monitoring and basis of reference,
Vibration and throw changing value before and after excitation in 1X durection component are greater than the patient minimum amplitude of institute in 1X durection component and become
There are rotor Influence from Eccentric for judgement when changing lower limit, and the vibration and throw changing value before and after excitation on different directions component are big
There are the non-round influences of rotor when the patient minimum amplitude variation lower limit of institute on respective direction component, survey before and after excitation
There are the non-round influences of stator when throw changes gap width greater than standard throw variation gap width；
For thrust collar slap fault diagnosis: Systematic selection rotor 30% revolving speed of rated speed with top guide bearing ink
The normal Auto Power On of unit, autostop process data and varying duty process data are distinguished as failure referring to base when formation
Standard, then according to throw and vibration signal measured during the last start process, stopping process and varying duty
The variable quantity of radial vibration peak value, 1X durection component and the direction 1X phase, the full swing amount and reference that will change in two minutes
Bench-marking can determine thrust collar looseness fault occur when measuring resulting parameter and being all larger than basis of reference numerical value；
Diagnose for generator quality imbalance fault: Systematic selection rotor speed is in rated speed 30%-95% revolving speed
It is interior, the normal Auto Power On of unit and autostop process data when generator excitation is not put into and guide bearing oil film has been formed,
And variable speed test process data is as fault identification basis of reference, by by the side 1X of measured throw and vibration signal
It is compared to component amplitude, the direction 1X revolving speed correlation power and 1X durection component space phase variable quantity with basis of reference, when being surveyed
The number obtained can determine generator quality imbalance fault occur when being all larger than standard value.
Method for diagnosing faults described in step 3 includes:
For oil leakage fault in oil leakage fault outside speed-regulating system and speed-regulating system, pump start signal when generating set works
The time interval closed between pump start signal sending next time is pump startup time interval, when the last pump startup
Between interval be less than normal value when determine there is speed-regulating system oil leakage fault；Assert when there is one of following two situation
For external oil leak: first is that becoming the time required to unit, in shutdown status, governor does not work, but pressure oil groove pressure declines
Gesture becomes smaller, pump start time interval becomes smaller regard as external oil leak caused by, second is that unit is in rated load stable operation, adjust
Fast device is failure to actuate, while pressure oill tank decline pump start time interval becomes smaller, and identification is caused by external oil leak；On not occurring
It is regarded as when stating two kinds of situations caused by internal oil leak；
For speed-regulating system principal fault: when the measured high-order fault-signal of previous pump oil pressure device oil arrives this
Time interval between pump oil pressure device oil pressure high position fault-signal assert speed-regulating system principal fault occur when being less than standard value；
For penstock basic displacement and inlet valve deterioration analysis: by the penstock measured, inlet valve and telescopic joint
Displacement, vibration and noise signal and normal condition under standard parameter compare up to result.
The invention has the advantages that:
Present system includes Point location detection system, signal acquiring system and data processing system；The system can be realized
To the trace analysis of individual features Parameters variation, to predict the variation tendency of individual features parameter and the change to preset value is exceeded
Change and carry out timely early warning, while also can realize that the equipment after occurring to failure carries out event in time using the characteristic parameter of extraction
Hinder diagnostic analysis, the reason so that quick backward inference is out of order, and then effectively carry out malfunction elimination and reduce maintenance personnel
Task difficulty, modelling, indexing, parametrization and the standardization checked to accident analysis are realized, so as to effectively solve
The certainly production hidden danger of power plant improves the maintenance efficiency of power plant and promotes the economic benefit of power plant.Solves water power in the prior art
On-Line Monitor Device of standing is merely able to carry out the simple early warning of single equipment preset threshold, it is difficult to carry out resultant fault to electric system
Analysis and state change prediction, so that being difficult to effective indirect labor carries out all-round failure analysis and diagnosis, it also can not be to water
The failure of motor group carries out automation fault diagnosis, it is difficult to effectively evade normal risk, so that the safety of power plant can not be ensured
The technical problems such as stable operation.
Detailed description of the invention:
Fig. 1 is schematic structural view of the invention；
Fig. 2 is data processing system structural module diagram of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Present system (see Fig. 1) includes Point location detection system, signal acquiring system and data processing system.
Point location detection system is mainly used for each detection point real-time status variation of fixed point detection water turbine set, and will measure
Each measuring point position real-time status variation be acquired by sensor signal cable transmission to signal acquiring system.Point location detection
System with lower sensor mainly by being constituted: the current vortex that throw, lower throw, water lead the status signal of throw is led on detecting
Sensor, it is desirable that differentiate range 2mm-4mm；It radially shakes for detecting upper spider radial vibration, stator frame radial vibration, iron core
Dynamic, lower bearing bracket radial vibration, thrust bearing radial vibration, top cover horizontal vibration, top cover vertical vibration status signal vibration
Sensor, it is desirable that corresponding frequencies 0Hz-200Hz；For detecting pressure fluctuation, draft tube pressure under detection Weng'an biota, top cover
The pressure transmitter of the status signal of power pulsation, it is desirable that corresponding frequencies 0Hz-1000Hz；For detecting inlet valve basic displacement
The displacement sensor of status signal, it is desirable that minimum range is not less than 20mm；For detecting governor oil pressure, active power, guide vane
The secondary meter of the status signal of aperture, Generator Outlet Switchgear and pump start signal, it is desirable that signal code 4mA-20mA；With
Status signal in detection generating unit speed key phase and contact temperature for detecting penstock temperature and inlet valve temperature
Sensor.
The signal that signal acquiring system is used to transmit Point location detection system carries out conversion acquisition and will by optical fiber
Data after conversion are transmitted to data processing system.Signal acquiring system includes data input module, filter circuit, acquisition system
Master controller, acquisition system power supply and data outputting module.Work hours pass through sensor signal cable future according to input module
The detection signal obtained as sensors various in Point location detection system is input to filter circuit, subsequent filter circuit by signal into
It is sent into after row rectifying and wave-filtering in acquisition system master controller and carries out the A/D conversion of data, it is defeated that the data after conversion are admitted to data
Exported in module out, and filter circuit and acquisition system master controller during the work time required for electric energy then by acquiring
System power supply is provided.
In order to reach good signal acquisition effect, the input module of acquisition system can use Acquisition Instrument or communication pipe
Reason machine carries out the reception of signal, and the filter circuit of acquisition system can be used in the active low pass anti-aliasing filter electricity of 8 ranks of amplifier
The power supply on road, acquisition system can use linear power supply, and the output module of acquisition system can use fiber optical transceiver.Acquisition system
The acquisition system master controller of system then using PC104 embedded main board and can insert AD7606 as A/D conversion chip, mainboard
Data communication is carried out using AT96 bus and carries out instruction output and data processing using DM PVortex86DX type CPU.
Fig. 2 is please referred to, data processing system includes external communication system, data service system, Analysis on Fault Diagnosis system
And man-machine interactive system.
External communication system is used to receive the processed sensor testing number that signal acquiring system provides by optical cable
According to, and pass through RS232/RS485 signal cable and power plant's monitoring and controlling system, power plant's MSI system, Style Product Information Management System, effect
Rate detecting and analysing system establishes data sharing, while the water level, unit head, water that receive to provide to power plant's monitoring and controlling system are led
The data informations such as watt mild oil temperature, external communication system can also directly adopt wireless network communication and above system carries out signal company
It connects, communication manager can be directly used in the hardware of external communication system.
Data service system for summarize, the real-time status data that storage and management are transmitted by signal acquiring system,
Historical state data, default knowledge base and each characteristic, while storing the diagnostic data of Analysis on Fault Diagnosis system passback.
Specifically data service system includes real time data module, historical data module, startup-shutdown data module, event data mould
Block, test data module and base module, and there is the function being managed to above-mentioned inside modules data, data processing system
System is set up in dedicated data service center, the main control workstation or data clothes which passes through internal setting
Business device provides data operation and data storage function, and utilizes the human-computer interaction device with data service center by network connection
Realize human-computer interaction.
Real time data module is used to store the real time data of current sensor offer, transports for a long time for accident analysis, unit
Row state variation tendency is predicted and early warning, and the normal operation data in real time data module will be stored in the form of constant duration
Into history database module, user is facilitated to carry out the prediction of unit longtime running state variation tendency, and when a failure occurs,
Output the continuous data information in a period of time of front and back including failure and stores to event data module by real time data module occurs,
For the subsequent analysis to event of failure, simultaneous faults data module also carrys out storage to be directed to thing as Analysis on Fault Diagnosis system
The analysis of part for subsequent query and event as a result, look back.
Startup-shutdown data module is used to store the data information during the normal startup-shutdown of unit, opens for customer analysis unit
State change in stopping process；Test data module is for recording the various test datas of unit and fault model data；Knowledge
Library module is used to store the knowledge base that user is pre-stored, including and is not limited to typical case column knowledge base, static key parameter library, base
Plinth analyzes data directory knowledge base and decision diagnosis rule base.
The data that fault analysis diagnosis system can be realized automation are extracted, feature extraction and fault parameter match, and energy
Enough to be managed to failure analysis result, the data of extraction are by belonging to real time data module, the historical data of data service system
Module, startup-shutdown data module, event data module, test data module and base module provide, and failure analysis result is then
Be back in event data module and stored, the fault analysis diagnosis system can using automatic fault analyzing and diagnosing module and
Interactive fault analysis and diagnosis module respectively in a manner of full-automatic or man-machine collaboration complete paired fault analyzing and diagnosing.Wherein
Automatic trouble diagnosis analysis module operates on the server of analysis center, the analysis periodically automated to fault data,
And Interactive Diagnosis analysis module then will test data, detection feature and fault parameter by human-computer interaction interface with can quilt
The mode that manual retrieval, access, calling and corresponding detection parameters can be added, modify is interacted with maintenance personnel, thus
Determine that failure cause obtains diagnostic result by the empirical analysis of internal database and maintenance personnel.Fault analysis diagnosis system is also
Automation tracking and trend periodically can be carried out to the individual features parameter detected when unit operates normally, from
And can send a warning after individual features parameter is beyond warning value to man-machine interactive system, warning information will be by man-machine
The alarm module being arranged in interactive system transmits alarm signal to operator, while to the trend of characteristic parameter
Fault analysis and diagnosis after can aid in accident.
Man-machine interactive system is mainly made of human-computer interaction module and alarm module, is used for and data service system and failure
Diagnostic analysis system carries out signal communication connection, provides alarm and integration of user interaction functionality, while realizing authorized user to system group
State, model parameter and database parameter are set and extract corresponding data available, and wherein human-computer interaction module is by work station, shifting
Dynamic terminal, PC, industrial personal computer or other human-computer interaction terminals by way of wireless network or cable with composition number
Signal connection is carried out according to the data server center of service system, and alarm module is then by carrying out signal company with human-computer interaction module
The warning devices such as logical alarm lamp, alarm speaker composition.
The Analysis on Fault Diagnosis system is to the corresponding analysis model of the fault settings of common nine kinds of water power key equipments: its
In for generating set there are four types of model, respectively waterpower imbalance fault model, electromagnet pull imbalance fault model, push away
Power head looseness fault model and generator quality imbalance fault model；Wherein for governor, there are three types of models, respectively
Oil leakage fault and speed-regulating system principal fault in the outer oil leakage fault of speed-regulating system, speed-regulating system；Wherein having for penstock
Two kinds of models, respectively penstock basic displacement fault model and inlet valve degradation failure model.
Above-mentioned nine kinds of fault models have respectively corresponded nine kinds of common failures, by extracting the spy in corresponding detection data
Sign and the Characteristic Contrast in model data can automatization judgement whether break down and can be by data variation trend prediction
Give warning in advance, when occur can not automatization judgement the case where when then pass through Interactive Diagnosis analysis module using artificial
The analyzing and diagnosing mode of auxiliary judgment, specific fault model is as follows:
1) it is directed to waterpower imbalance fault analyzing and diagnosing, system first can automatically select throw, radial direction under idle condition
The 1X durection component of vibration distinguishes basis of reference, the subsequent throw selected under identical head under different load, diameter as failure
Identify that unit whether there is due to runner ontology blade profile not to the variation of the 1X durection component and benchmark 1X durection component of vibration
Unanimously, leaf road is inconsistent, waterpower imbalance fault of the inconsistent formation of each length of blade of runner, then by comparing different negative
The variation of throw under lotus, radial vibration blade frequencies component and blade frequency component under idle condition identifies that unit whether there is
Due to runner envelope circularity irregular shape at waterpower imbalance fault, when the throw of unit and frame vibration exist under full load condition
Actual measurement amplitude in 1X durection component is greater than unit throw and frame vibration institute's energy in 1X durection component under full load condition
The amplitude of tolerance changes lower limit, and the component in 1X durection component-load linearly dependent coefficient is greater than in 1X durection component at this time
Typical coefficient when, then exist due to runner ontology blade profile is inconsistent, leaf road is inconsistent, each blade of runner it is inconsistent caused by
Waterpower imbalance fault, when the vibration and throw actual measurement amplitude under full load condition in different leaves vibration and throw durection component
The patient amplitude variation lower limit of vibration and throw durection component institute being all larger than in respective vanes, and corresponding vibration and throw side
When component-load linearly dependent coefficient on component is all larger than the typical coefficient on corresponding vibration and throw durection component, that
Exist due to runner envelope circularity irregular shape at hydraulic equilibrium failure；
2) it is directed to electromagnetic force imbalance fault analyzing and diagnosing, system first can be selected in rated speed and under the conditions of without excitation
Or the normal Auto Power On of unit and stopping process data and change exciting test, pressure build-up test process under idle condition
Data are as fault identification basis of reference, in rated speed without under excitation condition and idle condition, since automatic no-load speed is put
Dynamic relative value: < ± 0.25%, therefore can consider unit without rotation speed change when model calculating, guide vane opening is also unchanged, changes
The only generator become is without excitation and has excitation condition, therefore the change of unit vibration, throw can consider master in the process
There is electromagnet pull imbalance to cause, then according to the throw and machine of the last start process and stopping process and real-time monitoring
Frame vibration data and basis of reference compare, and the vibration and throw changing value before and after excitation in 1X durection component are greater than the direction 1X point
Determined when the patient minimum amplitude of institute changes lower limit in amount there are rotor Influence from Eccentric, the different directions component before and after excitation
On vibration and throw changing value there are rotors when being all larger than on respective direction component the patient minimum amplitude variation lower limit of institute
Non-round influence, there are the non-round shadows of stator when the throw variation gap width surveyed before and after excitation is greater than standard throw variation gap width
It rings；
3) it is directed to thrust collar slap fault diagnosis, system can select rotor in 30% revolving speed of rated speed with top guide bearing oil
The normal Auto Power On of unit, autostop process data and varying duty process data distinguish reference as failure when ink has been formed
Benchmark, then according to throw and vibration signal measured during the last start process, stopping process and varying duty
Radial vibration peak value, 1X durection component and the direction 1X phase variable quantity, and corresponding radial vibration peak value, the direction 1X point
The full swing amount and basis of reference that the variable quantity of amount and the direction 1X phase changes in two minutes compare, when the resulting ginseng of measurement
Number can determine thrust collar looseness fault occur when being all larger than basis of reference numerical value；
4) it is diagnosed for generator quality imbalance fault, Systematic selection rotor speed turns in rated speed 30%-95%
In speed, the normal Auto Power On of unit and autostop when generator excitation is not put into and guide bearing oil film has been formed cross number of passes
According to and variable speed test process data as fault identification basis of reference, by by measured throw and vibration signal
1X durection component amplitude, the direction 1X revolving speed correlation power and 1X durection component space phase variable quantity are compared with basis of reference, when
Measured number can determine generator quality imbalance fault occur when being all larger than standard value；
5) for oil leakage fault in the outer oil leakage fault of speed-regulating system and speed-regulating system, pump start is believed when generating set works
Number close to pump start signal next time issue between time interval be pump startup time interval, when the last pump startup
Time interval can determine that existing speed-regulating system oil leakage fault when being less than normal value, while work as one occurred in following two situation
Kind can be assumed that as external oil leak: first is that unit, in shutdown status, governor does not work, but under pressure oil groove pressure
Trend the time required to drop becomes smaller, caused by pump start time interval becomes smaller and can regard as external oil leak, second is that unit is specified
When steady load is run, governor approximation is failure to actuate, while pressure oill tank decline pump start time interval becomes smaller, it is believed that
It is caused by external oil leak；It is can be assumed that when not occurring above-mentioned two situations as caused by internal oil leak.
6) it is directed to speed-regulating system principal fault, when the measured high-order fault-signal of previous pump oil pressure device oil is to originally
Time interval between secondary pump oil pressure device oil pressure high position fault-signal can assert speed-regulating system gas leakage occur when being less than standard value
Failure；
7) it is directed to penstock basic displacement and inlet valve deterioration analysis, by the penstock measured, inlet valve and is stretched
Displacement, vibration and the noise signal of section can be judged with the standard parameter comparison under normal condition.
The safe early warning and fault diagnosis system can be effective according to the characteristic and built-in failure that acquire in real time
The assist support personnel of model automatization carries out detection and the fault analysis and diagnosis of operating states of the units, to effectively carry out event
The task difficulty of maintenance personnel is checked and reduced to barrier, realizes modelling, indexing, parametrization and the standard checked to accident analysis
Change, so as to the production hidden danger of effective solution power plant, improves the maintenance efficiency of power plant and promote the economic benefit of power plant.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of small power station's key equipment safe early warning and fault diagnosis system, it includes: Point location detection system, and feature exists
In: Point location detection system is connect with signal acquiring system；Signal acquiring system is connect with data processing system.
2. a kind of small power station's key equipment safe early warning according to claim 1 and fault diagnosis system, it is characterised in that:
Power plant's monitoring and controlling system, power plant's MSI system, Style Product Information Management System and efficiency test and analysis system pass through respectively RS232 or
RS485 cable is connect with data processing system.
3. a kind of small power station's key equipment safe early warning according to claim 1 and fault diagnosis system, it is characterised in that:
The detecting element of Point location detection system includes current vortex sensor, vibrating sensor, pressure transmitter, displacement sensor, secondary
Instrument, key phase or contact type temperature sensor；The detecting element is connect by signal cable with signal acquiring system；
The current vortex sensor leads the status signal that throw, lower throw, water lead throw for detecting；Vibrating sensor is for examining
Survey the radially vibration of upper spider radial vibration, stator frame radial vibration, iron core radial vibration, lower bearing bracket radial vibration, thrust bearing
Dynamic, top cover horizontal vibration, top cover vertical vibration status signal；Pressure transmitter is for detecting under Weng'an biota, top cover
Pressure fluctuation, Pressure Fluctuation in Draft Tube status signal；Displacement sensor is used to detect the status signal of inlet valve basic displacement；
Secondary meter is used to detect the shape of governor oil pressure, active power, guide vane opening, Generator Outlet Switchgear and pump start signal
State signal；Key phase is used to detect the status signal of generating unit speed key phase；Contact type temperature sensor is for detecting pressure
Temperature of steel pipe and inlet valve temperature.
4. a kind of small power station's key equipment safe early warning according to claim 1 and fault diagnosis system, it is characterised in that:
Signal acquiring system includes data input module, and data input module is connect with filter circuit；Filter circuit and acquisition system master
Controller connection；Acquisition system master controller is connect with data outputting module.
5. a kind of small power station's key equipment safe early warning according to claim 1 and fault diagnosis system, it is characterised in that:
Data processing system includes external communication system, and the external communication system is connect with data service system；Data service system
It is connect with Analysis on Fault Diagnosis system；Analysis on Fault Diagnosis system and data service system are connect with man-machine interactive system respectively.
6. the diagnostic method of a kind of small power station's key equipment safe early warning as described in claim 1 and fault diagnosis system, it
Include:
Step 1 passes through the Point location detection system fixed point detection each detection point real-time status of water turbine set；
Step 2, signal acquiring system convert the signal that Point location detection system transmits；
Step 3, data processing system receive the detection data that signal acquiring system transmits；And with power plant monitoring and controlling system,
Power plant's MSI system, Style Product Information Management System, efficiency test and analysis system establish data sharing；It receives to come to power plant master simultaneously
Water level, the unit head, the mild oil temperature data of water guide shoe of monitoring system offer；And information System, data are analyzed and failure
Diagnosis.
7. the diagnostic method of a kind of small power station's key equipment safe early warning according to claim 6 and fault diagnosis system,
It is characterized by: the analysis of data described in step 3 and method for diagnosing faults include:
For waterpower imbalance fault analyzing and diagnosing: system can automatically select throw under idle condition, radial vibration first
1X durection component distinguishes basis of reference, the subsequent throw selected under identical head under different load, radial vibration as failure
1X durection component and benchmark 1X durection component variation come identify unit whether there is since runner ontology blade profile is inconsistent, leaf
Road is inconsistent, the waterpower imbalance fault of the inconsistent formation of each length of blade of runner, then by comparing the different load bottom
The variation of blade frequency component identifies that unit whether there is due to turning under degree, radial vibration blade frequencies component and idle condition
Engineer room circularity irregular shape at waterpower imbalance fault, when the throw of unit under full load condition and frame vibration are in the direction 1X
It is patient that actual measurement amplitude on component is greater than unit throw and frame vibration institute in 1X durection component under full load condition
Amplitude changes lower limit, and the component in 1X durection component-load linearly dependent coefficient is greater than the standard in 1X durection component at this time
When coefficient, then exist due to runner ontology blade profile is inconsistent, leaf road is inconsistent, each blade of runner it is inconsistent caused by waterpower not
Balancing fault, when under full load condition different leaves vibration and throw durection component on vibration and throw actual measurement amplitude be all larger than
The patient amplitude of vibration and throw durection component institute in respective vanes changes lower limit, and corresponding vibration and throw durection component
On component-load linearly dependent coefficient when being all larger than the typical coefficient on corresponding vibration and throw durection component, then existing
Due to runner envelope circularity irregular shape at hydraulic equilibrium failure；
For electromagnetic force imbalance fault analyzing and diagnosing, system can select in rated speed and under the conditions of without excitation or empty first
The normal Auto Power On of unit and stopping process data and change exciting test, pressure build-up test process data under the conditions of load are made
For fault identification basis of reference, in rated speed without under excitation condition and idle condition, due to automatic no-load speed swing phase pair
Value: < ± 0.25%, therefore, it is determined that unit is without rotation speed change, guide vane opening is also unchanged, and the only generator of change is without excitation
And have excitation condition, therefore the change of unit vibration, throw is thought to be caused by electromagnet pull imbalance in the process, then root
It is compared according to the throw and frame vibration data and basis of reference of the last start process and stopping process and real-time monitoring, when encouraging
Vibration and throw changing value before and after magnetic in 1X durection component are greater than under the patient minimum amplitude variation of institute in 1X durection component
Determine that the vibration there are rotor Influence from Eccentric, before and after excitation on different directions component is all larger than phase with throw changing value in limited time
It answers when the patient minimum amplitude of institute changes lower limit in durection component there are the non-round influence of rotor, the throw surveyed before and after excitation
There are the non-round influences of stator when changing gap width greater than standard throw variation gap width；
For thrust collar slap fault diagnosis: Systematic selection rotor has been formed in 30% revolving speed of rated speed with top guide bearing ink
When unit normal Auto Power On, autostop process data and varying duty process data as failure distinguish basis of reference, so
It is shaken afterwards according to the radial of throw and vibration signal measured during the last start process, stopping process and varying duty
The variable quantity of dynamic peak value, 1X durection component and the direction 1X phase, by the full swing amount changed in two minutes and basis of reference pair
Than that can determine thrust collar looseness fault occur when measuring resulting parameter and being all larger than basis of reference numerical value；
Diagnose for generator quality imbalance fault: Systematic selection rotor speed is in rated speed 30%-95% revolving speed, hair
The normal Auto Power On of unit and autostop process data, Yi Jibian when motor excitation is not put into and guide bearing oil film has been formed
Speed test process data is as fault identification basis of reference, by by the 1X durection component of measured throw and vibration signal
Amplitude, the direction 1X revolving speed correlation power and 1X durection component space phase variable quantity are compared with basis of reference, when measured number
Word can determine generator quality imbalance fault occur when being all larger than standard value.
8. the diagnostic method of a kind of small power station's key equipment safe early warning according to claim 6 and fault diagnosis system,
It is characterized by: method for diagnosing faults described in step 3 includes:
For oil leakage fault in oil leakage fault outside speed-regulating system and speed-regulating system, pump start signal-off when generating set works
It is pump startup time interval to the time interval between the sending of pump start signal next time, when between the last pump startup time
There is speed-regulating system oil leakage fault in determination when being less than normal value；It is regarded as outside when there is one of following two situation
Portion's oil leak: first is that unit, in shutdown status, governor does not work, but the trend the time required to the decline of pressure oil groove pressure becomes
It is small, pump start time interval becomes smaller regard as external oil leak caused by, second is that unit is in rated load stable operation, governor
It is failure to actuate, while pressure oill tank decline pump start time interval becomes smaller, identification is caused by external oil leak；When not occurring above-mentioned two
It is regarded as caused by internal oil leak when kind situation；
For speed-regulating system principal fault: when the measured high-order fault-signal of previous pump oil pressure device oil to this pump oil
Time interval between pressure device oil pressure high position fault-signal assert speed-regulating system principal fault occur when being less than standard value；
For penstock basic displacement and inlet valve deterioration analysis: by the position of the penstock measured, inlet valve and telescopic joint
It moves, the standard parameter under vibration and noise signal and normal condition compares up to result.
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