CN110498584B - Municipal sludge fermentation aid - Google Patents
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- CN110498584B CN110498584B CN201910704399.4A CN201910704399A CN110498584B CN 110498584 B CN110498584 B CN 110498584B CN 201910704399 A CN201910704399 A CN 201910704399A CN 110498584 B CN110498584 B CN 110498584B
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- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 81
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- 241000499912 Trichoderma reesei Species 0.000 description 2
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- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 241000361919 Metaphire sieboldi Species 0.000 description 1
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- 239000008120 corn starch Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/02—Biological treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/02—Biological treatment
- C02F11/04—Anaerobic treatment; Production of methane by such processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/14—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents
- C02F11/148—Combined use of inorganic and organic substances, being added in the same treatment step
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F7/00—Fertilisers from waste water, sewage sludge, sea slime, ooze or similar masses
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
- Separation Of Suspended Particles By Flocculating Agents (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a municipal sludge fermentation aid and a using method thereof, the municipal sludge fermentation aid comprises 10-30 parts of fly ash, 20-50 parts of chitosan derivative, 5-30 parts of aluminum sulfate, 10-30 parts of biological enzyme, 5-30 parts of ferric trichloride and 20-50 parts of zymocyte leavening, the total is 100 parts, the fermentation aid provided by the invention can be used with the bio-flocculant zymocyte leavening in a compounding way, sewage can be dewatered before fermentation, the phenomenon that the growth and reproduction of aerobic bacteria are influenced by much water in sludge is prevented, a framework can be constructed in the sludge to keep a fluid channel by the arrangement of inorganic and organic flocculants, the interfacial tension between solid and liquid is reduced, and the water contained in a sludge floc grid is released, so that the deep dewatering of the water in the sludge is facilitated, and the composting reaction process can be accelerated by the mutual matching of organic matters and zymocytes, the invention has the advantages of rapid dehydration, accelerated composting reaction process, shortened composting reaction time, capability of meeting the requirements of users and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of environmental protection engineering, and particularly relates to a municipal sludge fermentation aid.
Background
Municipal sludge is solid, semi-solid and liquid waste generated by municipal purification treatment of sewage, the amount of which is greatly increased rapidly, and the municipal sludge mainly comes from sludge in a primary sedimentation tank and excess activated sludge. Along with the development of domestic municipal sewage treatment industry, the total treatment capacity and treatment degree of sewage plants are continuously enlarged and improved, and the amount of the produced municipal sludge is increased day by day. The sludge of the municipal sewage treatment plant comprises solid particles such as silt, fiber, animal and plant residues and the like in the wastewater, floccules formed by coagulation of the solid particles, zoogloea formed by various microorganisms, organic matters adsorbed by the zoogloea, heavy metal elements and salts, a small amount of pathogenic microorganisms, parasitic ova and other comprehensive solid matters. The sludge is easy to be decomposed and smelled, and if the sludge is discharged randomly without being treated, the sludge can cause serious pollution to the environment.
The sludge disposal approaches mainly comprise methods such as land utilization, sanitary landfill after drying, incineration treatment, water body digestion and the like, and although the methods can accommodate a large amount of sludge, the methods still have the problems that the technology is not completely mature, a large amount of land resources are occupied, the comprehensive utilization efficiency of the sludge is low and the like.
China is a big agricultural country, and the land utilization of sludge should be the main development direction of sludge disposal. With the stricter and stricter requirements of the country on the environmental treatment standards, the number of large-scale sewage treatment plants is increased. At present, various policies and standards are provided in China, and sludge produced by sewage treatment plants can be effectively treated and then used for land landfill and urban greening, or the sludge is used as a matrix to prepare compound fertilizers for agriculture and the like. However, the attention degree on the control of physicochemical indexes such as pathogenic bacteria, heavy metals and harmful organic matters contained in the sludge and sensory indexes such as odor in the aspect of sludge management is not high enough, and the problems of odor pollution generated in the treatment process, excessive alkalinity of treated products and the like greatly limit the resource utilization of the sludge.
The existing fermentation process has the disadvantages of low number of effective viable bacteria, low survival amount of beneficial microorganisms, low organic matter content, high heavy metal content and poor quality.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a composite municipal sludge fermentation aid which is quick in dehydration, reduces the content of harmful organisms and improves the number of viable bacteria.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the municipal sludge fermentation aid comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
10-30 parts of fly ash, 20-50 parts of chitosan derivative, 5-30 parts of aluminum sulfate, 10-30 parts of biological enzyme, 5-30 parts of ferric trichloride and 20-50 parts of fermentation broth of fermentation bacteria, wherein the total is 100 parts.
Further, the chitosan derivative is a polymer obtained by graft copolymerization of chitosan and acrylamide.
Further, the powder particle size of the fly ash is 150-250 meshes.
Further, the fermentation product of the fermentation bacteria is a fermentation product obtained by fermenting a fermentation product stack by using mixed strains of anaerobic bacteria or aerobic bacteria.
Further, the anaerobic bacteria comprise one or more of methane thermophilic micrococcus, lactobacillus plantarum, metallophilic thermoanaerobe and Thermoactinomyces albus.
Further, the aerobic bacteria comprise one or more of trichoderma reesei, lactobacillus delavayi and vibrio proteolyticus.
Further, the fermented product of the stack retting fermentation is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight:
20-50 parts of cane sugar, 30-60 parts of biomass and 10-40 parts of sodium nitrate, wherein the total weight is 100 parts.
Further, the biomass is one or more of wood chips, peanut shells or rice straws which are subjected to air drying and grinding.
Furthermore, the particle sizes of the biomass are all 0.150-0.425 mm.
Further, the biological enzyme is prepared by mixing cellulase, pectinase and lipase according to the mass ratio of 3:4: 5.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
1. according to the municipal sludge fermentation aid provided by the invention, organic matters in sludge, cellulose, lignin, pectin and other complex organic matters can be effectively decomposed through the arrangement of the biological enzyme and fermentation bacteria fermentation products, the anaerobic bacteria and aerobic bacteria can play a promoting effect on fermentation, the odor can be decomposed, and the growth of putrefactive microorganisms can be inhibited.
2. The municipal sludge fermentation aid provided by the invention is prepared by using coagulant aid fly ash; inorganic flocculating agents of aluminum sulfate and ferric chloride; organic flocculant chitosan derivative and biological enzyme; the biological flocculant and zymocyte leavening are compounded for use, so that sewage can be dewatered before fermentation, the phenomenon that the growth and the propagation of aerobic bacteria are influenced by more water in sludge is prevented, a framework can be built in the sludge to keep a fluid channel, the interfacial tension between solid and liquid is reduced, the water contained in a sludge floc grid is released, and the deep removal of the water in the sludge is facilitated. Meanwhile, due to the reduction of the interfacial tension, the shearing resistance and the rheological property of the sludge floc are reduced, the energy consumption in the operation processes of stirring, mixing and the like is reduced, and meanwhile, the flocculant or coagulant can more directly act with colloidal particles and dissolved organic matters with changed structures by changing and destroying the organic matter structure on the surfaces of the colloidal particles in water in an alkaline environment, so that the effects of strengthening coagulation and accelerating filtration are achieved, and the municipal sludge with high water content can be quickly dewatered.
3. The chitosan derivative is a chitosan and acrylamide graft copolymer, the flocculation performance of the chitosan derivative is superior to that of chitosan or polyacrylamide, and the fermented product of the fermented mould is obtained by stack retting fermentation under the slightly alkaline environment with the pH value of 6-8 and the high-sugar and high-nitrogen environment, has excellent flocculation performance, can promote the growth of zymophyte, and is more suitable for the needs of users.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the present invention, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.
Example 1:
a municipal sludge fermentation aid comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
30g of fly ash (200 meshes), 90g of chitosan derivative, 30g of aluminum sulfate, 30g of biological enzyme, 30g of ferric trichloride and 90g of fermentation product.
The fermentation product comprises 36g of sucrose, 36g of biomass and 18g of sodium nitrate.
The biomass is granular substances with the grain sizes of 0.300mm which are obtained by air-drying and grinding peanut shells and rice straws.
A method for using a municipal sludge fermentation aid comprises the steps of adding 300g of the fermentation aid into 10kg of sludge to be treated, and stirring for 15 minutes to obtain an experimental group A.
Example 2:
a municipal sludge fermentation aid comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
60g of fly ash (200 meshes), 60g of chitosan derivative, 45g of aluminum sulfate, 30g of biological enzyme, 45g of ferric trichloride and 60g of fermentation product.
The fermentation product comprises 12g of sucrose, 36g of biomass and 12g of sodium nitrate.
The biomass is granular substances with the grain sizes of 0.300mm which are obtained by air-drying and grinding peanut shells and rice straws.
A method for using a municipal sludge fermentation aid comprises the steps of adding 300g of the fermentation aid into 10kg of sludge to be treated, and stirring for 15 minutes to obtain an experimental group B.
Example 3:
a municipal sludge fermentation aid comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
30g of fly ash (200 meshes), 90g of chitosan derivative, 30g of aluminum sulfate, 30g of biological enzyme, 30g of ferric trichloride and 90g of zymocyte fermentation product.
Stirring and sterilizing a fermentation product consisting of 32g of cane sugar, 24g of biomass and 16g of sodium nitrate according to weight parts, putting the fermentation product into a fermentation tank, and then putting 10g of anaerobic fermentation bacteria (13 multiplied by 10 of methane thermophilic micrococcus) taking potato starch as a carrier 9 CFU/g, Lactobacillus plantarum 9X 10 9 CFU/g) is put into a fermentation tank, the temperature of the fermentation tank is adjusted to 80 ℃, the stirring speed is 5rpm, fermentation is started, nitrogen is introduced when the pH of the fermentation product is lower than 6.5, the pH of the fermentation product is kept at 7 +/-0.5, and the fermentation is finished for 1 day.
The biomass is granular substances with the grain sizes of 0.300mm which are obtained by air-drying and grinding peanut shells and rice straws.
Mixing the fermentation product of the fermentation bacteria with other components to prepare a fermentation aid, adding 300g of the fermentation aid into 10kg of sludge to be treated, introducing nitrogen and stirring for 15min, and then fermenting at 25 ℃ for 7 days to obtain an experimental group C.
Example 4:
a municipal sludge fermentation aid comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
30g of fly ash (200 meshes), 90g of chitosan derivative, 30g of aluminum sulfate, 30g of biological enzyme, 30g of ferric trichloride and 90g of zymocyte fermentation product.
Stirring and sterilizing a fermentation product consisting of 32g of sucrose, 24g of biomass and 16g of sodium nitrate according to weight parts, putting the fermentation product into a fermentation tank, and then putting 10g of aerobic zymocyte (trichoderma reesei 25 multiplied by 10) taking corn starch as a carrier 9 CFU/g, Deproteinolysis Vibrio 13X 10 9 CFU/g) is put into a fermentation tank, the temperature of the fermentation tank is adjusted to 40 ℃, and the fermentation tank is stirredStarting fermentation at the speed of 35rpm, continuously introducing sterile air, and fermenting for 1 day to complete the preparation of the zymocyte leavening.
The biomass is granular substances with the grain sizes of 0.300mm which are obtained by air-drying and grinding peanut shells and rice straws.
Mixing the fermentation product of the fermentation bacteria with other components to prepare a fermentation aid, adding 300g of the fermentation aid into 10kg of sludge to be treated, stirring for 15min, fermenting at 25 ℃, and taking the mixture as an experimental group D after fermenting for 7 days.
Example 5:
the fermentation auxiliary agent consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 90g of fly ash (200 meshes), 90g of chitosan, 60g of aluminum sulfate and 60g of ferric trichloride.
A method for using a municipal sludge fermentation aid comprises the steps of adding 300g of the fermentation aid into 10kg of sludge to be treated, and stirring for 15 minutes to serve as a control group A.
Taking the sludge without any medicament added into the sludge, uniformly stirring the sludge, and taking the specific resistance and the water content of a filter cake which are measured as a blank group A.
Example 6:
the experimental group a, the experimental group B, the experimental group C and the experimental group D prepared in examples 1 to 5 of the present invention were compared with a control group, and the sludge used in the present experiment was municipal sludge having a water content of 98% and an organic matter content of 38.3%.
1. Specific resistance and water content determination: after the sludge prepared in the experimental group A, the experimental group B and the control group A is uniformly stirred, the specific resistance and the water content of a filter cake are tested by a circulating pump, the experimental group A, the experimental group B, the control group A and the blank group A are compared, and the results are shown in table 1.
Table 1: specific resistance value and water content measurement results of five kinds of sludge
| Experimental group A | Experimental group B | Control group A | Blank group A | |
| Specific resistance value (m/kg) | 5.9×10 10 | 6.2×10 10 | 1.6×10 11 | 2×10 13 |
| Water content of filter cake | 61.38％ | 69.52％ | 80.23％ | 86.47％ |
As can be seen from Table 1, the specific resistance of the sludge in the experimental group A and the experimental group B is lower, the water content is lower, and the dewatering effect is better than that of the control group A, so that the organic-inorganic composite biological fermentation aid has better effect and more stable performance, the flocculation effect of the chitosan derivative is better than that of the chitosan, and the more the content of the chitosan derivative is, the better the flocculation effect of the fermentation aid is, and the better the dewatering effect on the sludge is.
2. Measurement of squeezing experiment: taking the sludge of the experimental group A, the experimental group B and the control group A, and respectively using the filtering areas of 200m 2 The membrane press is used for measuring the feeding time and the discharging water content by press filtration dehydration (the feeding pressure is 0.5Mpa, the pressing time is 20min, and the pressing pressure is 1.5Mpa), and the results are shown in Table 2.
Table 2: determination of feeding time and discharged water content in squeezing experiment
| Experimental group A | Experimental group B | Control group | |
| Feed time (min) | 70 | 70 | 80 |
| Water content of discharged material | 54.15％ | 56.26％ | 63.46％ |
As can be seen from Table 2, the water content of the sludge in the experimental group A and the experimental group B is less, and the dehydration effect is better than that of the control group A, so that the effect of the organic-inorganic composite biological fermentation aid is better, the performance is more stable, the flocculation effect of the chitosan derivative is better than that of the chitosan, the content of the chitosan derivative and the fermentation broth of the fermentation bacteria is more in a certain range, the flocculation effect of the fermentation aid is better, the dehydration effect on the sludge is better, the feeding time of the experimental group A and the experimental group B is shortest, the working condition is better, and the squeezed mud cakes are firmer and easier to fall off.
2. Determination of component mass fraction: taking the sludge of the experimental group C, the experimental group D and the control group A, respectively measuring the mass fraction of organic matters, the mass fraction of total nutrients, the mass fraction of water and the pH value, and the results are shown in Table 3.
Table 3: mass fraction of the components
| Experimental group C | Experimental group D | Control group A | |
| Mass fraction of organic matter (%) | 48.6 | 49.1 | 38.3 |
| Mass fraction of total nutrient (%) | 5.5 | 5.3 | 3.2 |
| pH value | 6.4 | 6.4 | 8.2 |
As can be seen from Table 3, in the experimental group C and the experimental group D, the mass fraction of organic matters and the mass fraction of total nutrients are far greater than those of the control group A, and it can be seen that the sludge fermented by the fermentation aid provided by the invention is more suitable for the survival of earthworms, and the pH value after conditioning is slightly acidic, which is between 6 and 8, and is more suitable for the cultivation of earthworms.
4. Determination of flora content: taking the sludge of the experimental group C, the experimental group D and the control group A, respectively carrying out determination on the number of ascarid eggs, the number of fecal escherichia coli floras, the number of effective viable bacteria and the content of heavy metal chromium, and the results are shown in table 4.
Table 4: determination of flora content and heavy metals
As can be seen from Table 4, the effective viable count of sludge in the experimental group C and the experimental group D is high, the number of fecal coliform bacteria and roundworm eggs is low, and the method is more suitable for subsequent plant cultivation, earthworm cultivation or further fermentation.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, but the description is only for the preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the present invention should be covered by the present patent.
Claims (5)
1. A municipal sludge fermentation aid is characterized in that: the fermentation auxiliary agent consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight:
10-30 parts of fly ash, 20-50 parts of chitosan derivative, 5-30 parts of aluminum sulfate, 10-30 parts of biological enzyme, 5-30 parts of ferric trichloride and 20-50 parts of fermentation broth of fermentation bacteria, wherein the total is 100 parts;
the fermentation product of the fermentation bacteria is a fermentation product obtained by fermenting a fermentation product stack by using mixed strains of anaerobic bacteria;
the fermented product of the stack retting fermentation is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight:
20-50 parts of cane sugar, 30-60 parts of biomass and 10-40 parts of sodium nitrate, wherein the total weight is 100 parts;
the anaerobic bacteria comprise one or more of methane thermophilic micrococcus, lactobacillus plantarum, metallophilic thermoanaerobe and white thermophilic actinomyces;
the biological enzyme is prepared by mixing cellulase, pectinase and lipase according to the mass ratio of 3:4: 5.
2. The municipal sludge fermentation aid of claim 1, wherein: the chitosan derivative is a polymer of chitosan and acrylamide graft copolymerization.
3. The municipal sludge fermentation aid of claim 1, wherein: the powder granularity of the fly ash is 150-250 meshes.
4. The municipal sludge fermentation aid of claim 1, wherein: the biomass is a granular substance obtained by air drying and grinding one or more of sawdust, peanut shells or rice straws.
5. The municipal sludge fermentation aid of claim 1, wherein: the particle size of the biomass is 0.150-0.425 mm.
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| CN110937757A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-03-31 | 自然资源部天津海水淡化与综合利用研究所 | High-salinity sewage treatment device and treatment method thereof |
| CN113501644B (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2023-02-14 | 华南理工大学 | A preparation for improving the efficiency of anaerobic fermentation of organic solid waste, its preparation method and application |
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| CN1597633A (en) * | 2004-08-07 | 2005-03-23 | 李克彦 | Organic fertilizer using sewage as raw material and its preparation method |
| CN101913920A (en) * | 2010-08-09 | 2010-12-15 | 娄底市裕德科技有限公司 | Composite conditioner for preparing sludge compost and application thereof |
| CN104829086A (en) * | 2015-04-28 | 2015-08-12 | 唐国萍 | Composite sludge dehydrating agent, preparation method and applications thereof |
| CN105541081B (en) * | 2016-01-22 | 2018-01-23 | 浙江正洁环境科技有限公司 | Composite conditioner and its application method for sludge dewatering |
| CN106865952A (en) * | 2017-03-20 | 2017-06-20 | 北京君联合环境科技有限公司 | A kind of method of sludge adjusting material and its application and quenched sludge |
| CN108409104A (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2018-08-17 | 东莞市顶盛环保科技有限公司 | A kind of New Type of Sludge Dewatering agent |
| CN114988965A (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2022-09-02 | 李健 | Sludge and derivative with water content of eighty percent treated at high speed and preparation method thereof |
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