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CN110496659B - Blood collection separation tube and separation method - Google Patents

Blood collection separation tube and separation method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110496659B
CN110496659B CN201910886536.0A CN201910886536A CN110496659B CN 110496659 B CN110496659 B CN 110496659B CN 201910886536 A CN201910886536 A CN 201910886536A CN 110496659 B CN110496659 B CN 110496659B
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tube
separator
physical separator
blood
rubber plug
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CN110496659A (en
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韦德
张力
鲜茂
胡祥
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Chengdu Ruiqi Medical Technology Co ltd
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Chengdu Ruiqi Medical Technology Co ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01LCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L3/00Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
    • B01L3/50Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes
    • B01L3/502Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures
    • B01L3/5021Test tubes specially adapted for centrifugation purposes

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Clinical Laboratory Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)
  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a blood collection separation tube and a separation method, wherein the blood collection separation tube comprises a test tube and a rubber plug arranged at the top of the test tube, a concave cavity is arranged at the center of the bottom surface of the rubber plug, a positioning ring plate is arranged at the bottom surface of the rubber plug, the inner circle of the positioning ring plate is positioned right below the concave cavity, the diameter of the inner circle is smaller than that of the concave cavity, the blood collection separation tube also comprises a physical separator arranged below the rubber plug, the upper end of the physical separator is provided with a protruding part, the protruding part is clamped between the concave cavity and the positioning ring plate, the inner diameter of the test tube is large and small, the taper of the physical separator is the same as that of the test tube, and the physical separator is a solid elastic material. According to the blood collection and separation tube and the separation method, blood cells and serum/plasma are separated in a physical mode after centrifugation, so that the phenomenon that the serum/plasma contains extra impurities after centrifugation can be avoided, sampling needles are not blocked, and detection results are not affected.

Description

Blood collection separation tube and separation method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a blood collection and separation tube and a separation method.
Background
In the medical field, medical staff acquire physiological and pathological information of human bodies by collecting venous blood samples, and the blood sampling device is used for accurately diagnosing diseases and is widely applied in clinic. Blood collection tubes typically contain additives (anticoagulants or coagulants) which can be separated by centrifugation due to the density gradient of blood cells to serum/plasma. Serum/plasma is then used for disease diagnosis by biochemical or immunological methods. In order to prevent substance exchange between blood cells and serum/plasma and ensure that biochemical properties and chemical processes of the serum/plasma are not changed for a long time, separating glue is often used for separating the blood cells from the serum/plasma in clinic, but the separating glue used in clinic is a high polymer, and certain monomers are incompletely polymerized, and the like, and certain auxiliary materials and the like participate in incomplete reactions, so that small particles or aggregates are often separated out and float in the serum/plasma after centrifugation, and fibrin wires (or clusters) float in the serum/plasma after centrifugation, so that sampling needles are blocked when sampling is performed by detection equipment, and clinical use and detection results are seriously influenced; secondly, the quality of the serum separation gel in the market is uneven or is influenced by the storage temperature, and the centrifugation process of the serum separation gel often cannot be completely overturned or can not completely separate blood cells from serum/plasma.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that the blood cells and the serum/plasma are separated by using the separating gel at present, but the separating gel is a high polymer, small particles and clusters are separated out and float in the serum/plasma after centrifugation, and the fibrin silk (or clusters) after centrifugation also float in the serum/plasma; the blood collection separation tube and the separation method can avoid the situation that the blood cells and the blood serum/blood plasma are separated in a physical mode after centrifugation, so that the blood serum/blood plasma after centrifugation contains extra impurities, the sampling needle is not blocked, the detection result is not affected, and the defects that the quality of the serum separation gel in the market is uneven or the blood separation gel is affected by the storage temperature, and the blood cells and the blood serum/blood plasma cannot be completely overturned or blocked in the conventional serum separation gel centrifugation process can be overcome.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
The invention relates to a blood collection and separation tube, which comprises a test tube and a rubber plug arranged at the top of the test tube, wherein a concave cavity is arranged at the center of the bottom surface of the rubber plug, a positioning ring plate is arranged at the bottom surface of the rubber plug, the inner circle of the positioning ring plate is positioned right below the concave cavity, the diameter of the inner circle is smaller than that of the concave cavity, a physical separator is arranged below the rubber plug, the upper end of the physical separator is provided with a protruding part, the protruding part is clamped between the concave cavity and the positioning ring plate, the inner diameter of the test tube is big and small, the taper of the physical separator is the same as that of the test tube, the outer diameter of the physical separator is smaller than that of the test tube, the physical separator is a solid elastic material, an exhaust groove is arranged in the radial direction of the physical separator, and the protruding part of the physical separator can slide out of the positioning ring plate when the test tube is centrifuged by centrifugal force of not less than 1500 g.
The blood collecting and separating tube disclosed by the invention is used for separating blood cells from serum/plasma in a physical way after centrifugation, so that the serum/plasma after centrifugation can be prevented from containing additional impurities, the sampling needle is not blocked, and the detection result is not influenced. Firstly, before sampling, the physical separator is clamped below a rubber plug, then a cavity is formed after the protruding part of the physical separator is assembled with a concave cavity on the bottom surface of the rubber plug, meanwhile, the cavity is communicated with a test tube through a gap between a positioning ring plate and the protruding part of the physical separator, wherein the size of the physical separator is smaller than that of the top of the test tube, a needle point just can puncture the rubber plug into the cavity in the blood sampling process, blood flows to the bottom of the test tube through the cavity and then through the inner circle of the positioning ring plate and the gap between the physical separator and the inner wall of the test tube, the protruding part on the physical separator can ensure that the assembled test tube cannot fall off from the positioning ring plate under the condition of centrifugal force of less than 700-1300g, but the physical separator can slide out from the positioning ring plate and slide down to a certain position below the test tube when centrifugal force is not less than 1500g, at the moment, blood cells are positioned below the physical separator, and serum/plasma is positioned above the physical separator, so that the blood cells and serum/plasma are separated and isolated; wherein, the test tube has a certain taper, the upper part is big and small, the physical separator also has a certain taper, and the physical separator is consistent with the taper of the test tube, and the outer diameter of the physical separator can be adjusted according to the blood sampling amount, so that the physical separator can be lowered to a position capable of separating a proper amount of serum/plasma after centrifugation (partial serum/plasma is allowed to exist at the lower part of the physical separator).
The notch along radial distribution has been seted up on the locating ring board, and the blood sample that can more conveniently gather flows into the test tube bottom.
The rubber plug is a halogenated butyl rubber plug.
The outer wall of the top end of the test tube is sleeved with a splash-proof cap.
The physical separator is made of butyl rubber, ABS, AES, nylon materials or other plastic products, and the density of the physical separator is larger than that of serum/plasma, so that the physical separator can be more effectively suspended between blood cells and serum/plasma.
The radius difference between the protruding part and the inner circle radius of the positioning ring plate is 0.2-2.0mm, so that the physical separator can be ensured not to fall off when bearing the centrifugal force of 700-1300g, but can be separated from the rubber plug when the centrifugal force is more than 1500 g.
A method of separating blood comprising the steps of: 1) Collecting blood by adopting a collecting tube, uniformly mixing the blood after the blood collection and standing for 30min; 2) Putting the collected tube after blood collection into a centrifuge, and setting parameters of the centrifuge to enable the collected tube to be centrifuged for 3-4min under the centrifugal force of 900-1100 g; 3) The collection tube was increased to centrifuge at a centrifugal force of 1500g for 1-2min without stopping the centrifuge for continuous centrifugation.
According to the blood separation method, firstly, a collection tube with a special novel structure is adopted, after a proper amount of blood is collected in the collection tube, 1000g of centrifugal machine parameters (about 2000 rpm of a conventional low-speed centrifugal machine) are set, and are centrifuged for 3-4min, so that blood cells are separated from serum/plasma in a lower-speed state, and at the moment, a physical separator is not separated from a rubber plug; and setting 1500g of centrifuge parameters (about 2500 rpm of a conventional low-speed centrifuge), centrifuging for 1-2min, wherein the centrifugal force is increased by separating the physical separator from the rubber plug, and finally separating blood cells from serum/plasma by arranging the falling suspension clamp of the physical separator at the position set by the test tube (the position is determined by the external dimension of the physical fixer and the internal diameter of the test tube so as to ensure that the physical fixer is clamped at the position to separate the serum/plasma). Wherein, the centrifugation process adopts a gradient centrifuge to carry out continuous centrifugation.
Compared with the existing clinical blood separation method, the method provided by the invention adopts a gradient centrifugation method, but does not increase the workload or reduce the efficiency, and can be automatically realized by the gradient centrifuge, and meanwhile, compared with a separation gel, a physical separator used by the method adopts a physical inert material (such as halogenated butyl rubber or engineering plastic) with better chemical stability, so that small molecular substances cannot be separated out in the centrifugation process to influence the clinical test result, the gel bleaching and oil drifting are avoided, a sampling needle is blocked, and the timely acquisition of the test result is ensured.
After the blood is centrifuged, the fibrin silk density is smaller and can float in serum, and the method adopts the steps of firstly centrifuging and separating blood cells and serum, and the fibrin silk also floats in serum, but after the centrifugal force is improved, the physical separator can separate the fibrin silk or the fibrin silk clusters from the serum by pressing down, so that the blockage of a sampling needle can be avoided.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. Compared with the existing clinical blood separation method, the blood collection separation tube and the separation method provided by the invention have the advantages that the gradient centrifugation method is adopted, but the workload is not increased or the efficiency is not reduced, and the blood collection separation tube and the separation method can be automatically realized by the gradient centrifuge.
2. Compared with the existing clinical blood separation method, the physical separator used in the method is a physical inert material (such as halogenated butyl rubber or engineering plastic) with better chemical stability, and small molecular substances are not separated out in the centrifugation process to cause deviation of clinical test results;
3. compared with the existing clinical blood separation method, the blood collection separation tube and the separation method have the advantages that gel and oil bleaching cannot occur in the centrifugation process, the sampling needle is blocked, and the timely acquisition of the test result is ensured;
4. The invention relates to a blood collection and separation tube and a separation method, which are characterized in that blood cells and serum are centrifugally separated, and fibrin wires float in the serum, but after a physical separator is separated from a rubber plug by increasing the centrifugal force, the physical separator can press down the fibrin wires or balls so as to be isolated from the serum, so that the blockage of a sampling needle can be avoided, and the timely acquisition of a test result is ensured.
5. Compared with separation gel, the physical separator used in the method is a physical inert material (such as halogenated butyl rubber or engineering plastic) with better physical and chemical stability, and the quality defect that the quality of serum separation gel is uneven or influenced by storage temperature, and the separation gel cannot be completely overturned or can not completely separate blood cells from serum/plasma in the centrifugation process is perfectly solved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of embodiments of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rubber plug and the physical separator of the invention.
In the drawings, the reference numerals and corresponding part names:
1-test tube, 2-rubber plug, 3-concave cavity, 4-positioning ring plate, 5-physical separator and 6-splash-proof cap.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making apparent the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings, wherein the exemplary embodiments of the present invention and the descriptions thereof are for illustrating the present invention only and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the blood collection and separation tube of the present invention comprises a test tube 1 and a rubber plug 2 arranged at the top of the test tube 1, and is characterized in that a cavity 3 is formed in the center of the bottom surface of the rubber plug 2, a positioning ring plate 4 is arranged on the bottom surface of the rubber plug 2, the inner circle of the positioning ring plate 4 is located right below the cavity 3, the diameter of the inner circle is smaller than that of the cavity 3 to form an inverted structure, the blood collection and separation tube further comprises a physical separator 5 arranged below the rubber plug 2, the upper end of the physical separator 5 is provided with a protruding part, the protruding part penetrates through the positioning ring plate 4 and is clamped in the cavity 3, the physical separator 5 is radially provided with an exhaust groove, the inner diameter of the test tube 1 is larger and smaller than the outer diameter of the test tube 1, the outer diameter of the physical separator 5 is smaller than the inner diameter of the test tube, the physical separator 5 is a solid elastic material, and when the test tube 1 is centrifuged with a centrifugal force of not smaller than 1500g, the protruding part of the physical separator 5 can slide out from the positioning ring plate 4.
The blood collecting and separating tube disclosed by the invention is used for separating blood cells from serum/plasma in a physical way after centrifugation, so that the serum/plasma after centrifugation can be prevented from containing additional impurities, the sampling needle is not blocked, and the detection result is not influenced. Firstly, before sampling, the physical separator is clamped below a rubber plug, then a cavity is formed after the protruding part of the physical separator is assembled with a concave cavity on the bottom surface of the rubber plug, meanwhile, the cavity is communicated with a test tube through a gap between a positioning ring plate and the protruding part of the physical separator, wherein the size of the physical separator is smaller than that of the top of the test tube, a needle point just can puncture the rubber plug into the cavity in the blood sampling process, blood flows to the bottom of the test tube through the cavity and then through the inner circle of the positioning ring plate and the gap between the physical separator and the inner wall of the test tube, the protruding part on the physical separator can ensure that the assembled test tube cannot fall off from the positioning ring plate under the condition of centrifugal force of less than 700-1300g, but the physical separator can slide out from the positioning ring plate and slide down to a certain position below the test tube when centrifugal force is not less than 1500g, at the moment, blood cells are positioned below the physical separator, and serum/plasma is positioned above the physical separator, so that the blood cells and serum/plasma are separated and isolated; wherein, the test tube has a certain taper, the upper part is big and small, the physical separator also has a certain taper, and the physical separator is consistent with the taper of the test tube, and the outer diameter of the physical separator can be adjusted according to the blood sampling amount, so that the physical separator can be lowered to a position capable of separating a proper amount of serum/plasma after centrifugation (partial serum/plasma is allowed to exist at the lower part of the physical separator).
Preferably, the positioning ring plate is provided with notches which are distributed along the radial direction, so that the collected blood sample can flow into the bottom of the test tube more conveniently.
Preferably, the rubber plug is a halogenated butyl rubber plug.
Preferably, the top outer wall of the test tube is sleeved with a splash-proof cap.
Preferably, the physical separator is made of butyl rubber, ABS, AES, nylon material or other plastic, and the physical separator has a density greater than the serum/plasma density, enabling the physical separator to more effectively suspend down between blood cells and serum/plasma.
Preferably, the difference between the radius of the protruding part and the radius of the inner circle of the positioning ring plate is 0.2-2.0mm, so that the physical separator can be ensured not to fall off when bearing the centrifugal force of 700-1300g, but can be separated from the rubber plug when bearing the centrifugal force of more than 1500 g.
Example 2
The invention relates to a blood separation method, which comprises the following steps: 1) Collecting blood by adopting a collecting tube, uniformly mixing the blood after the blood collection and standing for 30min; 2) Putting the collected tube after blood collection into a centrifuge, and setting parameters of the centrifuge to enable the collected tube to be centrifuged for 3-4min under the centrifugal force of 700-1300 g; 3) The collection tube was increased to centrifuge at a centrifugal force of 1500g for 1-2min without stopping the centrifuge for continuous centrifugation.
According to the blood separation method, firstly, a collection tube with a special novel structure is adopted, after a proper amount of blood is collected in the collection tube, 1000g of centrifugal machine parameters are set (a conventional low-speed centrifugal machine is about 2500 rpm), centrifugation is carried out for 3-4min, blood cells are separated from serum/plasma by centrifugation at a lower speed, and a physical separator is not separated from a rubber plug; then, setting the centrifuge parameters 1500 (the conventional low-speed centrifuge is about 3000 rpm), and centrifuging for 1-2min, wherein the centrifugal force is increased, the physical separator is separated from the rubber plug, and finally the falling suspension clamp of the physical separator is arranged at the position set by the test tube to isolate blood cells from serum/plasma (the position is determined by the external dimension of the physical fixer and the internal diameter of the test tube so as to ensure that the physical fixer clamp is arranged at the position to separate the serum/plasma). Wherein, the centrifugation process adopts a gradient centrifuge to carry out continuous centrifugation.
Compared with the existing clinical blood separation method, the method provided by the invention adopts a gradient centrifugation method, but does not increase the workload or reduce the efficiency, and can be automatically realized by a gradient centrifuge, and meanwhile, compared with a physical separator used by the method, the separation gel is a physical inert material (such as halogenated butyl rubber or engineering plastics) with better chemical stability, and small molecular substances cannot be separated out in the centrifugation process, so that the gel bleaching oil is avoided, and a sampling needle is blocked, thereby ensuring the clinical test result.
After the blood is centrifuged, the fibrin silk density is smaller and can float in serum, and the method adopts the steps of firstly centrifuging and separating blood cells and serum, and the fibrin silk also floats in serum, but after the centrifugal force is improved, the physical separator can separate the fibrin silk or the fibrin silk clusters from the serum by pressing down, so that the blockage of a sampling needle can be avoided.
The foregoing description of the embodiments has been provided for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the invention, and is not meant to limit the scope of the invention, but to limit the invention to the particular embodiments, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. that fall within the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.

Claims (5)

1. The utility model provides a blood collection separator tube, including test tube (1) and rubber plug (2) of setting in test tube (1) top, characterized in that, bottom surface center department of rubber plug (2) has seted up cavity (3), the bottom surface of rubber plug (2) is equipped with locating ring board (4), the interior circle of locating ring board (4) is located the internal diameter of cavity (3) and is less than cavity (3) diameter formation back-off structure, still include physical separator (5) of setting up in the below of rubber plug (2), physical separator (5) upper end has protruding portion, protruding portion passes locating ring board (4) and blocks and establish in cavity (3), the exhaust groove is opened to physical separator (5) upside, the internal diameter of test tube (1) is big-end-down, the tapering of physical separator (5) is the same with the tapering of test tube (1), the external diameter of physical separator (5) is less than the internal diameter of test tube (1), physical separator (5) are solid state elasticity thing, physical separator (5) protruding portion can slip out from locating ring board (4) when test tube (1) are by centrifugal force not less than 1500 g;
The positioning ring plate (4) is provided with a notch arranged along the radial direction;
the difference between the radius of the protruding part and the radius of the inner circle of the positioning ring plate (4) is 0.2-2.0mm.
2. A blood collection separator tube according to claim 1, wherein the rubber plug (2) is a halobutyl rubber plug.
3. A blood collection separator tube according to claim 1, wherein the outer wall of the top end of the tube (1) is provided with a splash-proof cap (6).
4. A blood collection separator tube according to claim 1, wherein the physical separator (5) is made of butyl rubber, ABS, AES, nylon material or other plastic material, the physical separator (5) having a density greater than the serum/plasma density.
5. A method for separating blood, comprising the steps of: 1) Taking blood by the collecting tube according to any one of claims 1-4, mixing the blood and standing for 30min; 2) Putting the collected tube after blood collection into a centrifuge, and setting parameters of the centrifuge to enable the collected tube to be centrifuged for 3-4min under the centrifugal force of 700-1300 g; 3) The collection tube was increased to centrifuge at a centrifugal force of 1500g for 1-2min without stopping the centrifuge for continuous centrifugation.
CN201910886536.0A 2019-09-19 2019-09-19 Blood collection separation tube and separation method Active CN110496659B (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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CN110496659B true CN110496659B (en) 2024-06-11

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113005177B (en) * 2021-03-24 2022-08-30 杭州倍强医药科技有限公司 Blood sample obtaining method, blood sample and application

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3882021A (en) * 1974-02-27 1975-05-06 Becton Dickinson Co Sealed assembly for separation of blood with anti-red cell barrier
US6793892B1 (en) * 1999-12-06 2004-09-21 Volker Niermann Device and method for separating components of a fluid sample
WO2011069145A2 (en) * 2009-12-04 2011-06-09 Becton, Dickinson And Company Blood collection tube with separation barrier
CN102149473A (en) * 2008-07-21 2011-08-10 贝克顿·迪金森公司 Density phase separation device
CN210545213U (en) * 2019-09-19 2020-05-19 成都瑞琦医疗科技有限责任公司 Blood collection separation tube

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3882021A (en) * 1974-02-27 1975-05-06 Becton Dickinson Co Sealed assembly for separation of blood with anti-red cell barrier
US6793892B1 (en) * 1999-12-06 2004-09-21 Volker Niermann Device and method for separating components of a fluid sample
CN102149473A (en) * 2008-07-21 2011-08-10 贝克顿·迪金森公司 Density phase separation device
WO2011069145A2 (en) * 2009-12-04 2011-06-09 Becton, Dickinson And Company Blood collection tube with separation barrier
CN210545213U (en) * 2019-09-19 2020-05-19 成都瑞琦医疗科技有限责任公司 Blood collection separation tube

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