CN110496144A - Preparation method of kiwi fruit extract and its application in preventing and treating cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of plants and their applications. The preparation method of kiwifruit extract includes preparing extract, precipitation, impurity removal, decolorization, drying and crushing to obtain dry kiwifruit extract; the invention adopts kiwifruit fruit, leaves, branches and roots to extract As an application in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, because the fruit has anti-AS drug effects such as lowering blood pressure, blood lipids, anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, and improving hemorheology; the root has anti-tumor, anti-inflammation, anti-virus, anti-mutation, It has various activities such as anti-oxidation and liver protection, improving immunity, and lowering blood lipids; medicinal parts such as roots, stems, and fruits have anti-tumor and liver-protecting effects.

Description

Preparation method of kiwi fruit extract and its application in preventing and treating cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of plants and their applications, in particular to a preparation method of a kiwi fruit extract and its application in preventing and treating cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.

Background technique

Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease (CVD) is a general term for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and its main pathological basis is atherosclerosis (AS); common cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in the modern population include cerebrovascular disease, coronary heart disease, Myocardial infarction, stroke, rheumatic heart disease and cor pulmonale, etc. Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are diseases that seriously threaten human life and health today, and have become the first and second causes of death in most countries in the world; according to the latest statistics from the World Health Organization, the top two causes of death in the world in the past ten years are Coronary heart disease and apoplexy: Cardiovascular disease accounts for 41.1% of urban residents and 38.7% of rural residents, and is the number one killer of Chinese residents.

Western medicine believes that the risk factors for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are hyperlipidemia, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, obesity, metabolic syndrome, oxidative stress, infection, and inflammatory response. Except for some acute infectious diseases such as myocarditis and rheumatic heart disease, most cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases require continuous drug treatment during the long remission period after the acute onset to prevent the recurrence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Chemical drugs and biological drugs have direct and rapid effects, but they have single effects and large toxic and side effects, which are not suitable for long-term conditioning and treatment; while traditional Chinese medicine has the advantages of "multi-target, multi-effect, and small toxic and side effects" to prevent and treat cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases More advantages, suitable for long-term use.

Actinidia chinensis (Actinidia chinensis) fruit is sweet, sour, and cold in nature. It enters the spleen and stomach meridians. People with excessive heat should eat it. Mild in taste, astringent, flat in nature, clearing away heat and poison. Kiwifruit is grown in many places in China, and red kiwifruit has been planted on a large scale in Guangxi, Guizhou and other national-level poverty-stricken areas as a poverty alleviation industry. However, kiwifruit is not easy to keep fresh, its skin is thin, and it is easily damaged during long-distance transportation. In the past two years, a large number of kiwifruit products have been backlogged and unsalable, causing great losses to growers and a heavy blow to residents' enthusiasm for planting. At present, although there are patents for using kiwi fruit peeled and dried to suppress fruit preserves, fermented kiwi fruit or formulating beverages or health products with other medicinal materials, the lack of research on the medicinal and nutritional health value of its products makes it difficult to promote and produce. , unable to solve the problem of kiwi fruit backlog and slow sales.

Therefore, for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, ethnic medicine should be fully tapped, and the medicinal value of various parts of kiwifruit should be fully tapped for the difficulties faced by the kiwifruit planting industry, and kiwifruit with fewer side effects, low cost, easy absorption, simple processing, and easy promotion should be developed. The formulation of each part can achieve better results in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and the economic value of kiwi fruit.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kiwi fruit extract for improving cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and its preparation method and application, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

A kind of kiwi fruit extract preparation method, comprises the following steps:

(A), preparation of extract

Wash the kiwifruit fruit, leaves, branches and roots, mix and grind them into powder, take 1Kg of coarse powder, use 90%, 50% and 10% ethanol in turn to soak 3 times at 20-60°C, each time for 18-30 hours, take supernatant, combined;

The medicinal effect of each part of kiwi fruit:

The fruit tastes sweet, sour, cold, and non-toxic. It enters the spleen and stomach meridians. It is suitable for people with excessive heat. , promoting blood circulation, and reducing swelling; the juice is sweet, slippery, cold, non-toxic, poured into the stone, and taken with ginger juice to treat heat and nausea; branches and leaves kill insects and treat scabies; the whole plant is light in taste, astringent, flat in nature, clearing away heat poison.

Modern pharmacological research results show that the fruit has the effects of lowering blood pressure, blood lipids, anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, and improving hemorheology; the root has anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, anti-virus, anti-mutation, anti-oxidation, and liver protection. , Improving immunity, lowering blood lipids and other activities; medicinal parts such as roots, stems, and fruits have anti-tumor effects and liver-protecting effects.

(B), precipitation

Add ethanol to the extract in step (A) to adjust the ethanol content to 90-95%, let stand, and centrifuge to obtain a clarified liquid; the precipitate is then washed twice with 50-80% ethanol and water and centrifuged For processing, take the clarified solution and discard the precipitate;

(C), impurity removal, decolorization

Add activated carbon to (B) clarified liquid: activated clay = 1:10 mixed decolorizing agent 2000g to remove impurities and decolorize, the solution after decolorization is very light yellow-green;

(D), drying, crushing

Concentrate the decolorized clear liquid in a vacuum concentrator at 50-55°C under reduced pressure, put the concentrated liquid in a reduced-pressure drying oven, and dry it under reduced pressure at 40-58°C for about 48 hours. The vacuum degree is - 0.08 to -0.1MPa to obtain the dry product of kiwi fruit extract.

Further, the amount of ethanol in each proportion in the step (A) is 5 liters, and the impregnation process is stirred once every two hours for 15 minutes. After the impregnation is completed, filter and collect the supernatant.

Further, in step (D), the degree of vacuum is -0.06 to -0.05MPa, the temperature is kept at 50-55°C, and the concentration is 12-15 times.

In step (D), the vacuum degree is -0.55MPa, the temperature is kept at 55°C, and the concentration is 13 times.

In the present invention, a kiwi fruit extract is prepared by the above method. The application of the kiwifruit extract of the invention in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is:

The present invention adopts kiwifruit fruit, leaves, branches and root extracts as the application of prevention and treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, because the fruit has anti-AS drug effects such as lowering blood pressure, blood fat, anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, and improving blood rheology; the root has Anti-tumor, anti-inflammation, anti-virus, anti-mutation, anti-oxidation and liver protection, improving immunity, lowering blood lipids and other activities; medicinal parts such as roots, stems, and fruits have anti-tumor and liver protection effects; The combination of parts embodies the idea of compatibility of traditional Chinese medicine monarchs, ministers, and history. The effects of similar drugs are added together, and the effects of different drugs complement each other. This kind of multi-component, multi-target, and synergistic effect can enhance blood lipid reduction, improve blood rheology, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidation, etc. Prevention and treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.

The various parts of kiwi fruit are commonly used and easy-to-obtain medicines in traditional Chinese medicine, and they are low in cost and easy to process. According to the patient's condition and needs, it can be processed into pills and decoctions, which are easy to take; at the same time, it can be used to prevent and treat cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases by reducing blood lipids, improving blood rheology, anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, and enhancing immunity; The medicinal materials used are natural medicines and all parts are non-toxic. After compatibility, the medicinal properties are mild, and those with body heat and cold can take it for a long time, avoiding the side effects and drug resistance caused by long-term use of chemically synthesized drugs, and complying with the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. features.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the experimental result of the extract of the present invention being used to prevent and treat cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.

Detailed ways

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Embodiment 1: prepare the whole plant extract of kiwifruit:

(A), preparation of extract

Wash the kiwifruit fruit, leaves, branches and roots, mix and grind them into powder, take 1Kg of coarse powder, use 90%, 50% and 10% ethanol in turn to soak 3 times at 20-60°C, each time for 18-30 hours, take supernatant, combined;

(B), precipitation

Add ethanol to the extract in step (A) to adjust the ethanol content to 90-95%, let stand, and centrifuge to obtain a clarified liquid; the precipitate is then washed twice with 50-80% ethanol and water and centrifuged For processing, take the clarified solution and discard the precipitate;

(C), impurity removal, decolorization

Add activated carbon to (B) clarified liquid: activated clay = 1:10 mixed decolorizing agent 2000g to remove impurities and decolorize, the solution after decolorization is very light yellow-green;

(D), drying, crushing

Concentrate the decolorized clear liquid in a vacuum concentrator at 50-55°C under reduced pressure, put the concentrated liquid in a reduced-pressure drying oven, and dry it under reduced pressure at 40-58°C for about 48 hours. The vacuum degree is - 0.08 to -0.1MPa to obtain the dry product of kiwi fruit extract.

Example 2: Dry under reduced pressure at 58°C for about 48 hours, the vacuum degree is -0.55MPa, keep the temperature at 55°C, concentrate 13 times, and the rest are the same as in Example 1.

Embodiment 3: to the pharmacodynamic experiment of kiwi fruit whole plant extract:

① Experimental animals: 24 clean New Zealand rabbits, half male and half male, weighing (2.25±0.25) kg, divided into blank group, experimental group and model group, with 8 rabbits in each group, reared in a single cage. 30 clean-type yellow-feathered quails, 5 weeks old, half male and half male, weighing (90±20) g, were divided into blank group, experimental group and model group, 10 in each group, and raised in one cage for each group.

②Preparation of high-fat feed: the formula of high-fat feed for quail was 1% cholesterol, 6% peanut oil, 14% lard, and 79% basic feed. The formula of high-fat feed for rabbits was 1.0% cholesterol, 8% lard, 4% egg yolk powder, and 87.0% basal feed.

③Test method: each part of kiwi fruit was mixed according to a certain proportion and then extracted with 90% ethanol, 50% ethanol and boiling water in sequence. The gradient extracts were mixed and concentrated under reduced pressure. The blank group was fed normal feed; the experimental group was fed high-fat feed and oral administration of this product Invent the extract; the model group is fed high-fat feed; the amount of quail feeding is not fixed, and each rabbit is fed 120g every day; the quail model is 2.50ml/kg (equivalent to 3g whole plant extract/kg) the extract of the present invention once a day , fed continuously for 42 days; the rabbit model was fed 7.3g extract/only every day, and fed continuously for 60 days. In the experiment, blood was taken from the ear vein on the 0th and 60th day of the experiment to analyze blood lipids, blood rheology, SOD and other blood indicators. After the end of the experiment, after the blood was taken from the ear vein, the animal was dissected under urethane anesthesia, and the heart and aorta were quickly taken out; The aorta was cut from the position where the heart connects to the aorta and the branch of the iliac artery. After isolation, the aorta was cut longitudinally and the adventitia was stripped off. The specimen was fixed in 10% neutral formalin solution, and the Sudan IV staining and pathology were performed. examine. .

The experimental results are referring to Table 1, Table 2, Table 3, Table 4 and Fig. 1. Through statistical analysis, the results show that the triglycerides, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoproteins of quail and rabbits are all higher than normal by using the extract of the present invention. group but significantly lower than the model group and the differences were statistically significant, indicating that the drug has a better effect of lowering blood lipids; hemorheology indicators show that the drug can effectively reduce rabbit whole blood viscosity and erythrocyte aggregation index;

Table 1 Effects of whole kiwifruit plants on SOD and lipid metabolism in rabbits with atherosclerosis (mmol/l, x±s, n=8).

Table 2 Effect of kiwi fruit on hemorheology in rabbits with atherosclerosis (x±s, n=4 in normal group, n=3 in other two groups).

Table 3 Effects of whole kiwifruit plants on lipid metabolism in atherosclerotic quails (mmol/l, x±s, n=10).

Table 4 Effect of whole kiwifruit plant on hemorheology of atherosclerotic quail (x±s, n=10).

The above are the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles used therefor. For those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, any technical solution based on the present invention Obvious changes such as equivalent transformation and simple replacement all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. a method for preparing kiwi fruit extract, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps: (A), preparation of extract Wash the kiwi fruit, leaves, branches and roots, mix and grind them into powder, take 1Kg of coarse powder, use 90%, 50% and 10% ethanol in sequence to soak 3 times at 20-60°C, each time for 18-30 hours, Take the supernatant and combine; (B), precipitation Add ethanol to the extract in step (A) to adjust the ethanol content to 90-95%, let stand, and centrifuge to obtain a clarified liquid; the precipitate is then washed twice with 50-80% ethanol and water and centrifuged For processing, take the clarified solution and discard the precipitate; (C), impurity removal, decolorization Add activated carbon to (B) clarified liquid: activated clay = 1:10 mixed decolorizing agent 2000g to remove impurities and decolorize, the solution after decolorization is very light yellow-green; (D), drying, crushing Concentrate the decolorized clear liquid in a vacuum concentrator at 50-55°C under reduced pressure, put the concentrated liquid in a reduced-pressure drying oven, and dry it under reduced pressure at 40-58°C for about 48 hours. The vacuum degree is - 0.08 to -0.1MPa to obtain the dry product of kiwi fruit extract. 2. a kind of kiwi fruit extract preparation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the consumption of each ratio ethanol is respectively 5 liters in the described step (A), stirs once every two hours in dipping process, stirring time For 15 min, after immersion is complete, filter and collect the supernatant. 3. A method for preparing kiwifruit extract according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step (D), the degree of vacuum is -0.06 to -0.05MPa, the temperature is kept at 50-55°C, and the concentration is 12-15 times. 4. A kind of kiwi fruit extract preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step (D), vacuum degree is-0.55MPa, keeps temperature at 55 ℃, concentrates 13 times. 5. A preparation method as claimed in claim 1 makes the kiwi fruit extract. 6. an application of the kiwi fruit extract as claimed in claim 5 in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.