CN1104934A - Wet sorting method for coal fly ash hollow micro bead - Google Patents

Abstract

The fly ash is pumped into slurry pipe to flow in floating beads separator, the remaining ash enters in the carbon separator to separate out the fine carbon powder and the magnetic micro beads are separated out by the magnetic separator. The characteristic lies in that the products of five grades of -0.5 + 0.25 mm, -0.25 + 0.15mm, -0.15 + 0.074mm, -0.074 + 0.0385mm and -0.0385+0mm are separated by using hydraulic separator. The three grades of 0.15+0.074mm, -0.074+0.0385mm and -0.0385 + 0 mm enter in the rotary helical chute to undergo primary selection, the remainder enters in the fixed chute to speparate high, middle and low three grades of hollow micro beads. Said method features simple process, convenient for operation and without secondary pollution.

Description

Wet sorting method for coal fly ash hollow micro bead

The present invention relates to a kind of wet sorting method for coal fly ash hollow micro bead, be applicable to from the waste residue that power plant discharges and extract cenosphere.

A large amount of waste residues of discharging in existing coal-fired power plant, be in the flyash, except that containing unburnt charcoal and magnetic micro-beads, also contain small light weight, be hollow and rounded or oval-shaped cenosphere mostly, comprising proportion less than 1 the pearl that floats, the outstanding pearl of proportion about 1, proportion is commonly referred to cenosphere greater than 1 heavy pearl.These are the cenosphere of Main Ingredients and Appearance with silica and alundum (Al, in flyash, account for 25-80%, they have that grain is thin, resistance to compression, wear-resisting, high temperature resistant, thermal conductivity factor is little and performance such as good surface activity, fillers such as plastics, coating, rubber can be done, also insulation, fire-resistant heat insulating material can be done.Yet the material that these are useful owing to do not find a kind of efficient and economic separation method, is not fully utilized so far yet.Many method for separating are arranged both at home and abroad, and they are:

1. dry separation method, as U.S. Pat 4115256 " method and apparatus that from flying dust, separates microballon " and US4268320 " size fractionated of applicable plastic filler and production method " and China patent CN 89215595.7 " coal fly ash hollow micro bead sorting unit ", the weak point of above-mentioned patent: the efficiency of separation is low, floating pearl and heavy pearl is difficult for separately still having secondary pollution.

2. wet split method, as U.S. Pat 4121945 " flying dust separation method ", its weak point: flow chart is many, only suitable cement and concrete admixture.

3. do wet mixing and close separating method, as China patent CN 88104580.2 " classification of hollow glass corpuscles from powder coal ash " and CN 8710411 " wet selecting system for hollow glass microbead from powder coal ash ", its weak point: wet earlier and afterwards do, select magnetic micro-beads with magnetic separator again, take advantage of surplus tail ash to carry out selection by winnowing and go out cenosphere, flow process is unreasonable, and technology is numerous and diverse, it is second-rate to do laggard magnetic separator sorting magnetic microballon, and effect is bad.

The objective of the invention is at China power plant based on wet technique coal ash discharging, proposed a kind of wet sorting method that from flyash, extracts cenosphere.

The object of the present invention is achieved like this: contain in the mortar that power plant discharges and float pearl, outstanding pearl, heavy pearl, uncombusted powdered carbon, magnetic micro-beads and irregular vitreum etc., general designation flyash.Flyash is pumped into mortar tube, flow into and float the pearl sorter, select by difference in specific gravity and float pearl and outstanding pearl, remaining mortar enters carbon selector, sub-elects smart powdered carbon and high-precision powdered carbon, and its tail ash flows into magnetic separator, selects magnetic micro-beads.Remaining slurry pump is gone into the waterpower grader, tell-0.5-0.25mm ,-0.25+0.15mm ,-0.15+0.074mm ,-0.074+0.0385mm and-product of five rank particle diameters of 0.0385+0mm.Wherein-and 0.5+0.25, two ranks of-0.25+0.15 are the tail ash, and its excess-three rank enters rotary screw chute respectively, tells low-grade cenosphere, and remainder enters fixed chute, isolates high, medium and low third gear cenosphere.

Advantage of the present invention: owing to adopt the method for gravity treatment package sorting cenospheres such as hydraulic classifier, rotary screw chute and fixed chute, so can accurately isolate high, medium and low third gear cenosphere float pearl, outstanding pearl and heavy pearl product.Flow process is simple, and is easy to operate, easy-maintaining, and adaptability is strong, and cost is low, non-secondary pollution.

Accompanying drawing of the present invention: coal fly ash hollow micro bead wet split process flow diagram.

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is further described:

Contain general designation flyash such as floating pearl 11, outstanding pearl 12, heavy pearl (being divided into the heavy pearl 19 of the heavy pearl 18 of high-grade cenosphere, middle-grade cenosphere and the heavy pearl 17 of low-grade cenosphere), carbon granule, magnetic micro-beads 15 and irregular vitreum in the mortar that power plant discharges.Flyash pumps into mortar tube 1, flows into and floats pearl sorter 2, selects by difference in specific gravity and floats pearl 11 and outstanding pearl 12, and remaining mortar enters carbon selector 4, sub-elects smart powdered carbon 13 and high-precision powdered carbon 14, and its tail ash 16 flows into magnetic separator 5, selects magnetic micro-beads 15.Remaining slurry pump is gone into waterpower grader 6, tell-0.5+0.25mm ,-0.25+0.15mm ,-0.15+0.074mm ,-0.074+0.0385mm and-product of five rank particle diameters of 0.0385+0mm.Wherein-0.5+0.25, two ranks of-0.25+0.15 are tail ash 16, its excess-three rank enters rotary screw chute 7 respectively, tell and select low-grade cenosphere 17, remainder enters fixed chute 8, isolates the heavy pearl 19 of the heavy pearl 18 of high-grade cenosphere, middle-grade cenosphere and the heavy pearl 17 of low-grade cenosphere.

Concrete assorting room is as follows:

1. the sorting cenosphere floats pearl 11 and outstanding pearl 12

Cenosphere (comprise and float pearl 11, outstanding pearl 12 and heavy pearl) float pearl 11 and outstanding pearl 12 is hollow sphere, proportion is little, and is lighter than water, can float on the surface, and adopts the BGN-6 type to float 2 sortings of pearl sorter.Discharge mortar by power plant mortar tube 1 and enter and float in the pearl sorter 2,, and obtain collecting from sorter 2 surperficial emersions.Mortar enters carbon selector 4, because carbon granule is cellular, proportion is little, and hydrophobicity is arranged, contain many fine powdered carbons and be mixed in and float in the pearl 11 and influence its purity, this can be by floating pearl 11 proportions less than 1, powdered carbon proportion is greater than 1 difference in specific gravity, and the way that adopts sedimentation to disperse is purified.Separate and float pearl 11 and outstanding pearl 12 and float further sedimentation, dispersion in the pearl sampler 3 in the BGN-3 type again, and can obtain floating pearl 11 and outstanding pearl 12.

2. sorting uncombusted powdered carbon

Select float pearl 11 and outstanding pearl 12 after, remaining material enters carbon selector 4, because carbon granule proportion is little, is alveolate texture, and natural preferably hydrophobicity is arranged again, very easy and non polar reagent-WY-2 type medicament effect separate with other component, and obtain gathering.This medicament has collecting and frothing capacity, medicament expense reduce greatly, efficiency of separation height, nonpoisonous and tasteless, the source is wide and easy characteristics such as popularization.By the powdered carbon of sorting, caloric value is greater than 5000 kilocalorie/kilograms.

3. the sorting magnetic microballon 15

Material behind the flotation powdered carbon enters XCRS-74 type cydariform wet magnetic separator 5, and the flyash oar flows to earlier from feed hopper on the even plate, flow to again on the rotary drum of magnetic separator 5, and along with rotary drum rotates by counter clockwise direction together.Connect the recoil water on the magnetic separator 5, when water level increases to overfall, the magnetic field intensity of the magnetic field intensity instrument that will link to each other with magnetic separator 5 is transferred to 1200 oersteds, magnetic separator 5 begins action, during pole regions in mortar flows to magnetic separator 5, cause alternation at each magnetic pole palm polarity of the magnetic field, soot particle whenever promptly turns over turnback by a magnetic pole, under the effect of magnetic stirring, magnetic-particle wherein just is being adsorbed onto under the effect in magnetic field on the magnetic drum of magnetic separator 5, by behind the magnetic pole, fall again, fall in the stockpiling area from rotary drum, the remaining particle that oneself can't fall, available sparge pipe drip washing is fallen in the magnetic stockpiling area, drops on the non magnetic flyash that is in another stockpiling area, will enter next step sorting.

5. the heavy pearl preparation of sorting cenosphere

Because granular size differs in the flyash, in order to sub-elect high-grade cenosphere, must tell the bigger irregular vitreum of particle earlier.Therefore, at first adopt hydraulic classifier 6 to carry out classification.Hydraulic classifier 6 can be told-0.5+0.25mm ,-0.25+0.15mm ,-0.15+0.074mm ,-0.074+0.0385mm and-product of five rank particle diameters of 0.0385+0mm.Wherein-and 0.5+0.25, two rank microballons of-0.25-0.15 are very few, and major part is irregular vitreum, can directly discharge as tail ash 16.Remaining three ranks enter 77-12 type rotary screw chute 7 respectively and roughly select with fixed chute 8 selected.

6. the heavy pearl of sorting cenosphere and tail ash 16

Through the non magnetic flyash after the magnetic separation mainly is heavy pearl and irregular vitreum, enters rotary screw chute 7.Mortar has finite concentration and enters chute, enters in the ash bucket again.Under the effect of gravity, mortar is moving along rotary screw chute 7 downward widely different transhipments.Heavy heavy pearl at first sinks to the bottom land of rotary screw chute 7, and the little irregular vitreum of proportion flows on the upper strata of mortar.Sink to the heavy pearl of big proportion of fixed chute 8 bottom lands, because it is little along speed that groove moves, thus be subjected to less centrifugal force, along in the groove motion process, the inner edge of close rotary screw chute 7.And the irregular vitreum of little proportion that moves on the mortar upper strata, because it is big along the groove movement velocity.Promptly when widely different commentaries on classics, be subjected to bigger centrifugal force, so move near the outer rim of rotary screw chute 7.Because the proportion flyash different with centrifugal force, promptly in groove horizontal spreading divide the band layering, discharge the irregular vitreum that moves along outer rim by drainage conduit along the heavy pearl that inner edge moves, discharged by the outside drainage conduit, irregular like this vitreum just reaches the purpose of separating with cenosphere.

Through the cenosphere of above-mentioned rotary screw chute 7 gained, need further to purify, could obtain highly purified top grade or superelevation shelves microballon.With rotary screw chute 7 resulting essences, middle ash, send into DL-600 type fixed chute 8 respectively and carry out selected.Smart, middle ash is most of for sinking pearl, has only a small amount of irregular vitreum, in order to isolate irregular vitreum, improve its purity, it is selected to send into DL-600 fixed chute 8, because heavy bead surface is smooth, be spherical shape or ellipticity, proportion differs, and irregular vitreum mostly is cellular, and the angular that shape differs is in the majority, utilize this specific character, at fixed chute 8 centrifugal force that produces, frictional force, gravity, the difference of bourn acting force etc., the difference of movement locus in fixed chute 8, the body covering of the fan launches in the shape of a spiral, product is discharged along the edge distribution of fixed chute 8 groove faces, the ash discharge line is very long, so can contain pearl rate 90% above expensive goods microballon by this fixed chute 8 at the fixed chute 8 different heavy pearl product of the multiple high-quality of output accurately.

Above-mentioned various class microballon enters filter 9 and filters under liquid state, remove its moisture 20, when needing drying, can enter drying machine 10 dryings, or air dry, or utilizes the residual heat of electric power plant drying, but the product direct marketing of dry back.

Claims (1)

1. A kind of wet sorting method for coal fly ash hollow micro bead, flyash is pumped into mortar tube (1), flow into again and float pearl sorter (2), select by difference in specific gravity and to float pearl (11), remaining mortar enters carbon selector (4), sub-elects smart powdered carbon (13), and its tail ash (16) flows into magnetic separator (5), select magnetic micro-beads (15), it is characterized in that:

   (A) flyash is through floating pearl sorter (2), sub-elects and floats pearl (11) and outstanding pearl (12) through floating pearl sampler (3) again;

   (B) adopt hydraulic classifier (6), isolate-0.5+0.25mm ,-0.25+0.15mm ,-0.15+0.074mm ,-0.074-0.0385mm and-the heavy pearl product of five rank particle diameters of 0.0385+0mm; Wherein-0.15+0.074mm ,-0.074+0.0385mm and-other heavy pearl product of three levels of 0.0385+0mm enters rotary screw chute (7), isolates the heavy pearl (17) of low-grade cenosphere; Remainder enters fixed chute (8), passes through filter (9) again and isolates the heavy pearl (19) of the heavy pearl (18) of high-grade cenosphere, middle-grade cenosphere and the heavy pearl (17) of low-grade cenosphere.

Images