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CN110472719B - 木质电子标签卡的制作方法 - Google Patents

木质电子标签卡的制作方法 Download PDF

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CN110472719B
CN110472719B CN201910707414.0A CN201910707414A CN110472719B CN 110472719 B CN110472719 B CN 110472719B CN 201910707414 A CN201910707414 A CN 201910707414A CN 110472719 B CN110472719 B CN 110472719B
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CN110472719A (zh
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叶新文
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Zhuhai Global Times Technology Co ltd
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Zhuhai Global Times Technology Co ltd
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Priority to CN201910707414.0A priority Critical patent/CN110472719B/zh
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Priority to PCT/CN2019/126011 priority patent/WO2021017376A1/zh
Priority to JP2020600231U priority patent/JP3233696U/ja
Priority to SG11202102515UA priority patent/SG11202102515UA/en
Priority to GB2015367.2A priority patent/GB2600383B/en
Priority to FR2008124A priority patent/FR3099608B3/fr
Priority to US16/947,374 priority patent/US11410012B2/en
Priority to US17/809,605 priority patent/US20220327345A1/en
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Abstract

本发明涉及电子标签卡领域，具体涉及一种木质电子标签卡的制作方法。该方法先以原料木片制作定型片材，然后以定型木片制作木质坯材，之后将两片木质坯材和电子标签纸粘接得到待切卡坯，最后将待切卡坯分割后得到木质电子标签卡。其中木片的定型以及粘胶层的粘固都是通过先热压后冷压的操作实现的，可保证木材的强度和韧性以及卡片各层的牢固粘接，制作工艺相对较为简单，用到的两类粘胶材料对卡片产品工作频率的影响极小，可保证卡片产品的正常使用。

Description

木质电子标签卡的制作方法
技术领域
本发明涉及电子标签卡领域，具体涉及一种木质电子标签卡的制作方法。
背景技术
电子标签多由金属箔通过蚀刻工艺制作，电子标签经过塑处理成为电子标签纸后可粘贴至各类物品上以便于物品的管理和防盗。但电子标签纸仍较为脆弱，为应对日常使用还需将其附着到较为坚固的载体上，故电子标签多以电子标签卡的形式应用于门禁和客房管理等领域。现有的电子标签卡多以塑料片作为载体，电子标签纸封装于载体内部并与外界环境彻底隔绝。因此这种卡片本质上就是内嵌有金属的塑料片，废弃后无法降解，也难以将两种材料拆分开以实现分类回收。
木材属于可再生天然材料，加工方便且能够降解，作为卡片基材不会影响电子标签的工作频率，并且材料本身具备自然纹理因而无需过多装饰。但有别于塑料载体电子标签卡，有木材加工出的木片普遍存在平整度差和易变形的问题，木片间以及木片与电子标签纸之间的粘接牢固度会严重影响产品质量，某些类型的粘胶还会影响电子标签的工作频率甚至导致其无法正常使用。鉴于上述种种原因，目前国内市场上尚无木质电子标签卡类产品。
发明内容
本发明的主要目的在于提供一种能够保证产品性能和质量稳定性的木质电子标签卡的制作方法。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供一种木质电子标签卡的制作方法，其特殊之处在于包括以下步骤：a、将原料木片在0.1MPa的压力条件和115℃至125℃的温度条件下热压处理10min后再经冷压处理得到定型片材；b、在一片定型片材表面的多个预设位点处借助耐热双面胶纸粘附电子标签纸得到载签片材，在载签片材表面铺设热熔胶膜并加盖另一片定型片材后置于0.1MPa的压力条件和110℃至120℃的温度条件下热压处理10min，随后再经冷压处理得到中间坯，耐热双面胶纸和电子标签纸的形状和大小均相同；c、在中间坯的两侧依次叠加热熔胶膜和定型片材后置于0.1MPa的压力条件和110℃至120℃的温度条件下热压处理10min，随后再经冷压处理得到待切卡坯；d、将待切卡坯按照预设的尺寸规格进行分割得到木质电子标签卡。
由上述方案可见，步骤a中短期的高温热压处理对原料木片可起到迅速的除湿和整平效果，但也会导致材料的内应力增加以及形变幅度的增大，表现出尺寸缩水、变脆和易开裂等缺陷从而削弱木片的强度和韧性。紧随其后的冷压处理可有效减小材料的内应力并减小形变幅度，使木片的强度和韧性得以大幅恢复并成为具备较好加工性能的定型片材。由于热压整平环节的压力较小，原料木片再经较低压力的冷压处理后厚度可基本恢复到之前的水平，故可将原料木片和定型片材视为等厚。
木材的物理性质受温度的影响较大，因此步骤b和c中热压粘合过程的加热温度不应高于步骤a中的热压整平环节的加热温度，这样可疑避免制作过程中对木材的强度和韧性造成进一步的破坏。另外热压粘合后的冷压过程除了将卡片各层粘固定型外还可恢复定型片材在热压粘合过程中损失的强度和韧性，从而改善卡片各层间的粘接牢固度以及卡片的结构强度，定型片材在经历两次热压粘合和冷压粘固处理后厚度也几乎不发生变化。
另外各类木材都具备一定的塑性形变能力，并且电子标签纸的厚度远小于定型片材的厚度，持签卡坯与木质坯材在热压粘合过程中电子标签纸两侧的定型片材可自发产生局部形变并形成对应的凹槽，使得卡片在热压粘合过程中内部能够顺便形成与电子标签纸配合的容置腔，持签卡坯及与其粘合的木质坯材表面均可保持平整。而常规塑料卡片基材上的同类容置腔都需通过额外的机加工步骤得到，因此木质电子标签卡的制作工艺较为简单。
耐热双面胶纸的基材以及热熔胶膜通常都为塑料材质，两类胶均不含溶剂并且厚度均匀、性质稳定、易于模切加工。另外两类胶对于电子标签的工作频率影响较小，以这两类胶充当木质卡片的粘接层能够将载体对电子标签工作频率的影响控制在极低水平。
进一步的方案是，步骤a、b、c中的冷压处理均在0.1MPa的压力条件及10HP的制冷功率下进行，并且处理时间均为25min。
由上可见，制作过程中热压和冷压过程均采用0.1MPa的压力条件，压强值较低，因而能够避免材料形变过度。较长的冷压时间和较高的制冷功率有助于恢复木材的强度和韧性。
进一步的方案是，中间坯中两片定型木片的木纹延伸方向相互平行，待切卡坯中最外侧两片定型木片的木纹延伸方向均与相邻的定型木片的木纹延伸方向垂直。
由上可见，通常木片都更耐沿其木纹延伸方向的弯折，将木质坯材按照相邻定型片材的木纹相互垂直的规律进行设置能有效加强其自身结构强度。
进一步的方案是，电子标签纸的形状与木质电子标签卡的形状相同，电子标签纸位于木质电子标签卡的中心处。
由上可见，木质电子标签卡中处在电子标签纸两侧的两片定型片材处于电子标签纸的外围的部分直接粘合，因此将电子标签纸的形状设置成与木质电子标签卡相同并置于木质电子标签卡正中可使电子标签纸两侧的定型片材在电子标签纸外围各处的直接粘接牢固度维持在同等水平。
更进一步的方案是，木质电子标签卡与电子标签纸的长度比在2以上。
由上可见，将木质电子标签卡与电子标签纸的长度尺寸比例值控制在2以上能够保证分出电子标签纸两侧的两片定型片材具备较大的直接粘接面积，有助于提高卡片的整体结构强度。
进一步的方案是，定型片材的厚度为0.3mm至0.4mm。
由上可见，定型片材的厚度直接影响卡坯的结构强度，电子标签卡的厚度通常都在1mm至2mm，将片材层厚控制在0.3mm至0.4mm则包含4层片材的木质电子标签卡在整体厚度和整体结构强度方面均较为理想。
进一步的方案是，热熔胶膜为TPU热熔胶膜。
由上可见，TPU热熔胶膜的弹性和柔韧性均较好，粘合牢度强且具备防水性，在常温和较低温条件下物理性状都较为稳定，适合用于木材的粘接，具体实施时可选择操作温度在100℃左右的型号。
进一步的方案是，耐热双面胶纸为PET双面胶纸。
由上可见，PET双面胶具有良好的尺寸稳定性、热稳定性和化学稳定性，粘合牢固度和持久度较好且易于模切加工，可长期耐受100℃至120℃的高温，短期甚至可耐140℃至200℃的高温。
进一步的方案是，原料木片为椴木片、竹木片、榉木片、樱桃木片、沙比利木片或黑胡桃木片。
由上可见，得益于可靠的制作工艺和粘结材料，木质电子标签卡中原料木片的选材范围较广，可基本涵盖不同价位挡的代表性木材。
具体实施方式
以下实施例及对比例中用到的电子标签纸均为相同批次工作频率为14.4MHz的无背胶Dry Inlay型产品，以PET双面胶纸充当电子标签纸与木质坯材间的粘胶层可保证足够的粘结强度，并且PET双面胶纸含有塑料基材，与Dry Inlay粘为一体后构成强度较高的复合塑胶层，加工性能更好且有助于提升产品质量的稳定性。同时容易想到，电子标签纸也可以是定制的Wet Inlay型产品，其背胶及包塑层均符合木质电子标签卡的工艺要求，虽有助于简化制作工艺但成本也相对较高。
实施例一
本实施例提供一种木质电子标签卡的制作方法，该制作方法包括以下步骤：
a、通过激光切割机将厚度为0.3mm至0.4mm的椴木片裁切成两片横向木纹的原料木片和两片纵向木纹的原料木片，原料木片的尺寸为382mm×180mm，通过热压机在0.1MPa的压力条件和120℃的温度条件下对原料木片进行10min热压处理，之后再通过冷压机在0.1MPa的压力条件和10HP的制冷功率下对原料木片进行25min冷压处理得到定型片材；
b、在一片纵向木纹的定型片材表面标记出多个预设位点，在预设位点处设置PET双面胶纸，随后将形状和大小均与PET双面胶纸相同的电子标签纸粘贴在PET双面胶纸上得到载签片材，在载签片材表面铺设TPU热熔胶膜并加盖另一片纵向木纹的定型片材后通过热压机在0.1MPa的压力条件和115℃的温度条件下热压处理10min，随后再通过冷压机在0.1MPa的压力条件和10HP的制冷功率下冷压处理25min得到中间坯；
c、在中间坯的两侧依次叠加TPU热熔胶膜和横向木纹的定型片材后通过热压机在0.1MPa的压力条件和115℃的温度条件下热压处理10min，随后再通过冷压机在0.1MPa的压力条件和10HP的制冷功率下冷压处理25min得到待切卡坯；
d、在待切卡坯表面按照预设的尺寸规格绘制切割线，随后通过激光切割机对待切卡坯进行分割得到12张木质电子标签卡。
实施例二
本实施例提供一种木质电子标签卡的制作方法，该制作方法与实施例一中的制作方法基本相同，区别仅在于：步骤a中以榉木片作为原料木片，热压处理在125℃的温度条件下进行；步骤b和c中在120℃的温度条件下进行热压处理。
实施例三
本实施例提供一种木质电子标签卡的制作方法，该制作方法与实施例一中的制作方法基本相同，区别仅在于：步骤a中以樱桃木片作为原料木片，热压处理在115℃的温度条件下进行；步骤b和c中在110℃的温度条件下进行热压处理。
实施例四
本实施例提供一种木质电子标签卡的制作方法，该制作方法与实施例一中的制作方法基本相同，区别仅在于：步骤a中以竹木片作为原料木片，热压处理在122℃的温度条件下进行；步骤b和c中在118℃的温度条件下进行热压处理。
樱桃木在木材中属于中、低硬度水平，榉木为高硬度木材，椴木的硬度适中，竹木则属于硬木的范畴。实施例一至四所制作的木质电子标签卡均表面平整，具有相应原料木片的特征性木纹且中部无凸起，卡片整体也不存在开胶、裂缝类缺陷。经频谱测量仪检测卡片的工作频率均处于14.2MHz至14.4MHz的范围内，相较于封装前电子标签纸的工作频率最大仅有0.2MHz的偏差，在0.5MHz的允许偏差范围内，所以不会影响卡片的正常使用。
对比例一
本对比例提供一种木质电子标签卡的制作方法，该制作方法包括以下步骤：
a、通过激光切割机将厚度为0.3mm至0.4mm的竹木片裁切成两片横向木纹的原料木片和两片纵向木纹的原料木片，原料木片的尺寸为382mm×180mm，通过热压机在0.1MPa的压力条件和120℃的温度条件下对原料木片进行10min热压处理，之后再通过冷压机在0.1MPa的压力条件和10HP的制冷功率下对原料木片进行25min冷压处理得到定型片材；
b、在一片纵向木纹的定型片材表面标记出多个预设位点，并使用得力固体胶将电子标签纸粘贴至定型片材上得到载签片材，在载签片材表面均匀涂覆Titebond二代木工胶并加盖另一片纵向木纹的定型片材后通过热压机在0.1MPa的压力条件和80℃的温度条件下热压处理35min得到中间坯；
c、在中间坯的两侧均匀涂覆Titebond二代木工胶后各叠加一片横向木纹的定型片材，随后通过热压机在0.1MPa的压力条件和80℃的温度条件下热压处理35min得到待切卡坯；
d、在待切卡坯表面按照预设的尺寸规格绘制切割线，随后通过激光切割机对待切卡坯进行分割得到12张木质电子标签卡。
上述制作方法分别使用固体胶和木工胶实现电子标签纸与木片间的粘结以及木片之间的粘结，两种粘胶材料仅能承受较低的加热温度，因此需要通过较长的处理时间除去溶剂实现胶层的固化。另外由于较低的加热温度对于木片的强度和韧性几乎没有影响，因此也无需引入冷压操作。
经频谱测量仪检测成品卡片的工作频率均处于12.6MHz至13.4MHz的范围内，相较于封装前电子标签纸的工作频率都超过了0.5MHz的允许偏差范围，表明常规液态或半固态含溶剂粘胶对于木质电子标签卡的工作频率影响较大，会导致制得的卡片无法满足电子标签卡类产品的质量要求。成品卡片的表面平整度普遍不佳，卡片中部略微凸起，这是由于热压温度偏低不足以使定型片材发生足够的形变，另外个别卡片存在明显的渗胶缺陷。
对比例二
a、通过激光切割机将厚度为0.3mm至0.4mm的榉木片裁切成两片横向木纹的原料木片和两片纵向木纹的原料木片，原料木片的尺寸为382mm×180mm，通过热压机在0.1MPa的压力条件和120℃的温度条件下对原料木片进行10min热压处理，之后再通过冷压机在0.1MPa的压力条件和10HP的制冷功率下对原料木片进行25min冷压处理得到定型片材；
b、在一片纵向木纹的定型片材表面标记出多个预设位点，并使用晨光AWG型液体胶将电子标签纸粘贴至定型片材上得到载签片材，在载签片材表面铺设EVA热熔胶膜并加盖另一片纵向木纹的定型片材后通过热压机在0.1MPa的压力条件和120℃的温度条件下热压处理30min，随后再通过冷压机在0.1MPa的压力条件和10HP的制冷功率下冷压处理30min得到中间坯；
c、在中间坯的两侧依次叠加EVA热熔胶膜和横向木纹的定型片材后通过热压机在0.1MPa的压力条件和120℃的温度条件下热压处理30min，随后再通过冷压机在0.1MPa的压力条件和10HP的制冷功率下冷压处理30min得到待切卡坯；
d、在待切卡坯表面按照预设的尺寸规格绘制切割线，随后通过激光切割机对待切卡坯进行分割得到12张木质电子标签卡。
上述制作方法分别使用液体胶和热熔胶膜实现电子标签纸与木片间的粘结以及木片之间的粘结，热压环节依据两种粘胶材料的特性调整了热压和冷压的工艺参数以保证卡片各层间的牢固粘接。制得的卡片表面平整且无渗胶缺陷，经频谱测量仪检测工作频率均处于12.9MHz至13.7MHz的范围内，相较于封装前电子标签纸的工作频率都超过了0.5MHz的允许偏差范围，表明常规的含溶剂粘胶和特定热熔胶膜的组合对于木质电子标签卡的工作频率仍有较大影响，会导致制得的卡片无法满足电子标签卡类产品的质量要求。

Claims (9)

1.木质电子标签卡的制作方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
a、将原料木片在0.1MPa的压力条件和115℃至125℃的温度条件下热压处理10min后再经冷压处理得到定型片材；
b、在一片所述定型片材表面的多个预设位点处借助耐热双面胶纸粘附电子标签纸得到载签片材，在所述载签片材表面铺设热熔胶膜并加盖另一片所述定型片材后置于0.1MPa的压力条件和110℃至120℃的温度条件下热压处理10min，热压粘合的过程中所述电子标签纸两侧的所述定型片材产生局部形变并形成与所述电子标签纸配合的容置腔，随后再经冷压处理得到中间坯，所述耐热双面胶纸和所述电子标签纸的形状和大小均相同；
c、在所述中间坯的两侧依次叠加热熔胶膜和所述定型片材后置于0.1MPa的压力条件和110℃至120℃的温度条件下热压处理10min，随后再经冷压处理得到待切卡坯；
d、将所述待切卡坯按照预设的尺寸规格进行分割得到木质电子标签卡。
2.如权利要求1所述的木质电子标签卡的制作方法，其特征在于：
步骤a、b、c中所述冷压处理均在0.1MPa的压力条件及10HP的制冷功率下进行，并且处理时间均为25min。
3.如权利要求1所述的木质电子标签卡的制作方法，其特征在于：
所述中间坯中两片所述定型片材的木纹延伸方向相互平行，所述待切卡坯中最外侧两片所述定型片材的木纹延伸方向均与相邻的所述定型片材的木纹延伸方向垂直。
4.如权利要求1所述的木质电子标签卡的制作方法，其特征在于：
所述电子标签纸的形状与所述木质电子标签卡的形状相同，所述电子标签纸位于所述木质电子标签卡的中心处。
5.如权利要求4所述的木质电子标签卡的制作方法，其特征在于：
所述木质电子标签卡与所述电子标签纸的长度比在2以上。
6.如权利要求1所述的木质电子标签卡的制作方法，其特征在于：
所述定型片材的厚度为0.3mm至0.4mm。
7.如权利要求1所述的木质电子标签卡的制作方法，其特征在于：
所述热熔胶膜为TPU热熔胶膜。
8.如权利要求1所述的木质电子标签卡的制作方法，其特征在于：
所述耐热双面胶纸为PET双面胶纸。
9.如权利要求1所述的木质电子标签卡的制作方法，其特征在于：
所述原料木片为椴木片、竹木片、榉木片、樱桃木片、沙比利木片或黑胡桃木片。
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