CN110469354A - A kind of anti-pulling anchor pole for country rock micro seismic monitoring - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a pullout-resistant bolt for microseismic monitoring of surrounding rocks, which includes an anchor head, a microseismic sensing device, a bolt body, a pullout-resistant component, a grout stopper, a tray and fasteners, the anchor head The interior is hollow for placing and fixing the microseismic sensing device. The anchor head is connected to the main body of the anchor rod. Firmware; a tray is provided near the tail of the main body of the anchor rod, and the grout stopper is arranged between the tray and the main body of the anchor rod. In the present invention, by setting the microseismic sensing device in the bolt, the bolt can be used to monitor the state of the surrounding rock in a certain area, and the traditional monitoring layout method is changed, and the microseismic sensor is placed in the anchor head deep into the surrounding rock. The accuracy of monitoring data is improved; the microseismic sensing device is located in the anchor head, which reduces the cumbersome process of each disassembly and improves the efficiency of long-term monitoring.

Description

A pull-out anchor rod for microseismic monitoring of surrounding rock

technical field

The invention relates to a pull-out bolt used for microseismic monitoring of surrounding rocks, and belongs to the technical field of tunnel support.

Background technique

Bolt support technology is a common medium support method for tunnel excavation and underground engineering, which is conducive to maintaining the stability of surrounding rock.

In underground caverns or tunnels with deep burial and hard and brittle surrounding rocks, before the tunnel is excavated, the rock mass is in a certain state of stress balance. After the tunnel is excavated, the stress balance of the rock mass is destroyed. If the three-dimensional stress state changes to a two-dimensional stress state or even a one-dimensional stress state, a special rock mechanics phenomenon such as rockburst and delayed rockburst may occur.

The phenomenon of rockburst is that in the hard and brittle intact rock mass, the strain energy in the rock mass may accumulate a large amount due to the large buried depth of the cavern or the movement of the earth's crust, forming a large initial capacity. The sudden release of strain energy in a rock mass.

The research shows that the delayed rockburst is the accumulation of rheological damage in the surrounding rock, and the initiation, development, penetration of micro-cracks, and the formation of macroscopic cracks are the important reasons for the occurrence of delayed rockburst. When the traditional monitoring method changes, a large number of microscopic fractures have already occurred inside the rock mass, and the traditional external monitoring results must lag behind the microseismic activity inside the surrounding rock, so it cannot play an early warning role for rockbursts.

Contents of the invention

(1) Technical problems to be solved

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a pull-out bolt for microseismic monitoring of surrounding rocks, which changes the traditional arrangement of monitoring means, and puts the microseismic sensing device in the bolt, which has improved test performance. The accuracy of the result facilitates the long-term monitoring of the surrounding rock, and the bolt also has the characteristics of pull-out resistance.

(2) Technical solutions

In order to achieve the above object, the main technical solutions adopted in the present invention include:

A pullout-resistant bolt for microseismic monitoring of surrounding rocks, which includes an anchor head, a microseismic sensing device, a bolt body, a pullout-resistant component, a grout stopper, a tray, and fasteners, wherein the inside of the anchor head It is hollow and used to place and fix the microseismic sensing device. The anchor head is connected to the main body of the anchor rod. A tray is provided near the tail of the main body of the anchor rod, and the grout stopper is arranged between the tray and the main body of the anchor rod.

In a preferred embodiment, the microseismic sensing device is an earthquake sensor or an acceleration sensor.

In a preferred embodiment, the pullout-resistant member is provided with a pullout-resistant rod on the outside, and a screw hole is provided inside for connecting with the main body of the anchor rod.

In a preferred embodiment, the tail end of the anchor head is provided with a screw hole, the head of the main body of the anchor rod is provided with a screw rod, and the screw rod is matched with the screw hole.

In a preferred embodiment, the inside of the main body of the anchor rod has a hole for transmitting the transmittable data wire of the microseismic sensing device.

In a preferred embodiment, the fastener is a nut with a screw hole inside, which is located at the tail of the bolt during installation and is used to fasten the bolt and the surrounding rock together.

In a preferred embodiment, the tray is a square structure with a bulge in the middle, a through hole matching the main body of the anchor rod is provided in the center, and is sleeved on the tail of the main body of the anchor rod.

The tray applies a certain torque to the fastener to make the tray press the surface of the surrounding rock, provide pre-tightening force to the bolt, and spread the pre-tightening force into the surrounding rock around the anchor, thereby improving the stress of the surrounding rock.

(3) Beneficial effects

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

The anti-pull bolt for microseismic monitoring of surrounding rock provided by the present invention can make the bolt play the role of monitoring the state of surrounding rock in a certain area by setting a microseismic sensing device in the bolt, which changes the traditional monitoring arrangement , the microseismic sensor is placed in the anchor head deep into the surrounding rock, which improves the accuracy of monitoring data. The microseismic sensing device is located in the anchor head, which reduces the cumbersome process of each disassembly and improves the efficiency of long-term monitoring; the interaction between the anti-pull component, the tray, and the fastener can well fit the anchor rod with the surrounding rock, and play a The role of supporting surrounding rock.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of pullout anchor rod of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the anti-drawing part of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the tray of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the fastener of the present invention.

[Description of Reference Signs]

1: anchor head;

2: Anchor body;

3: Pull-out resistant parts;

4: Stopper;

5: fasteners;

6: Tray;

7: Microseismic sensing device;

8: Pull-out rods;

9: screw;

10: Can transmit data wires.

Detailed ways

In order to better explain the present invention and facilitate understanding, the present invention will be described in detail below through specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Example 1

The present invention provides a pullout-resistant bolt that can be used in a surrounding rock microseismic monitoring system. Part 5, tray 6 and microseismic sensing device 7. Wherein, a certain space is provided inside the anchor head 1 to accommodate and fix the microseismic sensing device 7, and the microseismic sensing device 7 is an earthquake sensor or an acceleration sensor. The anchor head 1 is connected to the main body of the anchor rod 2. The head of the main body 2 of the anchor rod is provided with a screw rod 9. The screw rod 9 is provided with a screw thread. There is a long enough screw hole at the end of the anchor head 1. The screw thread and the screw hole are compatible with each other. It is used to connect the screw rod 9 at the head of the main body 2 of the anchor rod. The interior of the bolt main body 2 has a hole for transmitting the transmittable data wire 10 of the microseismic sensing device. The anti-pull part 3 is arranged on the head of the anchor rod main body 2, and two sets of 12 anti-pull bars are arranged on it; as shown in Fig. The drawing rod 8 can be set as a steel bar, and the inside is provided with a screw hole for connecting with the main body of the anchor rod. A tray 6 is provided near the tail of the anchor main body 2. The tray structure is shown in Figure 3. The tray is a square structure with a bulge in the middle, and a through hole matching the anchor main body 2 is provided in the center, and is sleeved on the anchor main body 2. of the tail. The tail of the bolt main body 2 is provided with a fastener 5, as shown in Figure 4, the fastener is a nut with a screw hole inside, and is positioned at the tail of the bolt during installation to fasten the bolt with the surrounding rock. The grout stopper 4 is arranged in the middle of the tray 6 and the anchor rod main body 2, and the function of the grout stopper 4 is to prevent the grout from flowing out in the anchor hole. Tray 6 transmits the thrust generated by the bolt locking torque of the fastener to the surrounding rock to generate the initial anchor force, and at the same time transmits the pressure of the surrounding rock to the bolt to generate working resistance and jointly reinforce the surrounding rock. The interaction between the anti-pull member 3, the tray 6 and the fastener 5 can fit the anchor rod well with the surrounding rock, and play a role in supporting the surrounding rock.

The connection and method of use of the device of the present invention are as follows:

Step 1. First, connect the anti-drawing part 3 to the anchor body 2. The anti-drawing part 3 has a screw hole inside, and then pass the wire on the anchor head 1 through the reserved hole inside the anchor body 2. Lead to one end of the fastener 5, then connect the main body 2 of the anchor rod with the anchor head 1, and install the grout stopper 4, the tray 6 and the fastener 5.

Step 2. Drill a hole where the surrounding rock needs to be anchored. Use high-pressure air to clean up the sundries in the hole to ensure that there is no stone powder in the hole, and check whether its diameter meets the design requirements.

Step 3. Put an appropriate amount of anchoring agent into the water, soak for 1 to 2 minutes, until no blisters occur, put the anchoring agent into the anchor hole within the calibrated initial setting time, and then insert the anchor rod at the fastest speed. After the anchor rod is installed, do not knock it at will, and do not hang heavy objects at the end of the anchor rod.

Step 4. Connect the wire at the end of the anchor rod to the data acquisition instrument, and the microseismic signal is input into the host system through the data acquisition instrument to complete the microseismic signal acquisition.

The seismic sensing device in the present invention is located in the anchor head and is used to monitor the microseismic situation of the surrounding rock in a certain area of the anchor hole. The anchor head has a closed accommodation cavity, which forms a closed space for accommodating the microseismic sensing device after being connected with the main body of the anchor rod, which improves the accuracy of data collection and improves the efficiency of long-term monitoring; it can also inhibit rock mass cracking and improve the surrounding area. Stability of rock support structures.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in other forms. Any person skilled in the art can use the technical content disclosed above to change or modify it into an equivalent embodiment with equivalent changes. . However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention still belong to the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of anti-pulling anchor pole for country rock micro seismic monitoring, which is characterized in that it includes anchor head, microseism sensing device, anchor Bar main body, anti-pulling component, stop grouting plug, pallet and fastener, wherein be hollow setting inside the anchor head, for placing simultaneously The fixed microseism sensing device, the anchor head connect anchor rod main body, and the front end of the anti-pulling component is equipped with anti-pulling component, The tail portion of anchor rod main body is equipped with the fastener；Close to anchor rod main body tail portion be equipped with pallet, the stop grouting plug be set to pallet with The centre of anchor rod main body.

2. anti-pulling anchor pole as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the microseism sensing device is seismic sensor or adds Velocity sensor.

3. anti-pulling anchor pole as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the tail end of the anchor head is equipped with screw hole, the anchor pole The head of main body is equipped with screw rod, and screw rod matches with screw hole to be connect.

4. anti-pulling anchor pole as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the outside of the anti-pulling component is equipped with tension dead man Part, inside are equipped with screw hole for connecting with anchor rod main body.

5. anti-pulling anchor pole as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the inside of the anchor rod main body has duct, is used for Transmission microseism sensing device transmits data conductor.

6. anti-pulling anchor pole as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the fastener is the spiral shell that an inside has screw hole Mother is located at anchor pole tail portion when installation and is used to tighten together anchor pole with country rock.

7. anti-pulling anchor pole as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the pallet is square structure, is intermediate muster, Center be equipped with the matched through-hole of anchor rod main body, cover in the tail portion of anchor rod main body.