CN110456006A - Pollutant Discharge Monitoring System in Emergency Accidents - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fire protection and provides a pollutant discharge monitoring system in sudden accidents. The pollutant discharge monitoring system in emergencies includes: a casing with multiple sampling ports along its height direction; multiple sampling pipes located inside the casing, and the first end of each sampling pipe is connected to one of the sampling ports. The mouth; the heating part is located in the casing to heat the sampling tube; the toxic and harmful substance sensor is connected to the second end of the sampling tube. The system can collect pollutants in areas at different heights, and introduce them to the lower toxic and harmful substance sensors through different sampling tubes to obtain the distribution of pollutants, so as to guide the on-site rescue and evacuation of related personnel. Wherein, by arranging heating components in the sampling pipe, the high temperature conditions of pollutants in the accident scene or in the simulated experimental environment can be simulated. Moreover, the arrangement of the heating component can also avoid the generation of condensed water vapor on the side wall of the sampling tube.

Description

Pollutant Discharge Monitoring System in Emergency Accidents

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of fire protection, in particular to a pollutant discharge monitoring system in sudden accidents.

Background technique

Sudden accidents include explosions, fires, leaks, etc. Sudden accidents often cause a large amount of pollutant discharge, and different accidents have different discharge characteristics of pollutants. In the rescue and relief of accidents, personnel need to enter the accident scene, but the unclear distribution of pollutants on the scene hinders the rescue. Especially for toxic and harmful substances, the unclear distribution will make the rescue process more dangerous.

Contents of the invention

The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art or related art.

One of the objectives of the present invention is to provide a monitoring system for pollutant discharge in emergencies, which solves the problem in the prior art that the distribution of pollutants at the emergency rescue site is unclear and the rescue process is more dangerous.

In order to achieve this purpose, the present invention provides a pollutant discharge monitoring system in emergencies, including:

A casing, on which a plurality of sampling ports are arranged along its height direction;

There are multiple sampling tubes located inside the sleeve, and the first end of each sampling tube is connected to one of the sampling ports;

a heating component, located in the casing, to heat the sampling tube;

A toxic and hazardous substance sensor connected to the second end of the sampling pipe.

In one embodiment, also includes:

The particle concentration sensor is located between the sampling pipe and the toxic and harmful substance sensor.

In one embodiment, also includes:

A protective shell is provided outside the particle concentration sensor and the toxic and hazardous substance sensor; a display is fixed on the protective casing, and the display is connected to the particle concentration sensor and the toxic and hazardous substance sensor;

Also installed in the protective case:

an air pump connected to the sampling pipe;

A controller is connected to the particulate matter concentration sensor and the toxic and hazardous substance sensor to determine whether the concentration of the particulate matter or the toxic and hazardous substance reaches the limit;

The alarm is connected to the controller and sends out an alarm signal when the concentration of the particulate matter or toxic and harmful substances reaches a limit value.

In one embodiment, the plurality of sampling tubes are respectively connected to the particle concentration sensor through an on-off switch, and the on-off switch is connected to the controller:

The number of the particle concentration sensor is one, and the controller controls all the on-off switches to be turned on at different time periods; or,

The number of the particle concentration sensors is the same as the number of the sampling tubes, and the controller controls any of the on-off switches to be turned on.

In one embodiment, when the number of the particle concentration sensors is the same as the number of the sampling tubes, the number of the toxic and harmful substance sensors is the same as the number of the sampling tubes, and the toxic and harmful substance sensors include carbon monoxide concentration Any of a detection sensor, a carbon dioxide concentration detection sensor, a hydrogen cyanide concentration detection sensor, a nitrogen oxide concentration detection sensor, and a volatile organic compound concentration detection sensor.

In one embodiment, also includes:

The supporting assembly is located at the bottom of the protective case, the supporting assembly includes a bracket and a bottom support, the first end of the bracket is connected to the protective case, and the second end is connected to the bottom support.

In one embodiment, the heating element is a heating wire wound on all the sampling tubes.

In one embodiment, the sampling pipe is L-shaped, comprising a first pipe section arranged horizontally and connected to the sampling port, and a second pipe section arranged vertically and connected to the first pipe section.

In one embodiment, the first port of the sampling tube is provided with a filter element.

In one embodiment, the sleeve includes a sleeve unit, a plurality of sleeve units are assembled to form the sleeve, each of the sleeve units is provided with the sampling port; the sampling tube includes A sampling tube unit, wherein a plurality of sampling tube units are assembled to form the sampling tube.

The technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages: the pollutant discharge monitoring system in this kind of sudden accident of the present invention can collect pollutants in different height areas because a plurality of sampling ports are arranged along the casing height direction , and lead it into the toxic and hazardous substance sensor at the lower part through different sampling tubes, and obtain the distribution law of pollutants through the analysis of the toxic and hazardous substance sensor, so as to guide the on-site rescue and evacuation of related personnel. Wherein, by arranging heating components in the sampling pipe, the high temperature conditions of pollutants in the accident scene or in the simulated experimental environment can be simulated. Moreover, the arrangement of the heating component can also avoid the generation of condensed water vapor on the side wall of the sampling tube.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative work.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a pollutant discharge monitoring system in an emergency according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a protective case and its internal components according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a partial structural schematic diagram of a pollutant discharge monitoring system in an emergency according to an embodiment of the present invention;

In the figure: 1. Sleeve; 2. Sampling head; 3. Sampling tube; 4. Heating component; 5. Protective shell; 6. On-off switch; 7. Display; 8. Particle concentration sensor; 9. Toxic and harmful substance sensor ; 10, controller; 11, air pump; 12, battery; 13, bracket; 14, sharp structure; 15, sampling port.

Detailed ways

Embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but should not be used to limit the scope of the present invention.

In the description of this specification, descriptions referring to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific examples" or "some examples" mean specific features described in connection with the embodiment or example, A structure, material or characteristic is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this description, the schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the described specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification without conflicting with each other.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", " The orientations or positional relationships indicated by "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner" and "outer" are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and Simplified descriptions, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operate in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral Ground connection; it can be mechanical connection or electrical connection; it can be direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediary. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in specific situations.

Please refer to FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 , the pollutant discharge monitoring system in an emergency of the embodiment includes a casing 1 , a sampling pipe 3 , a heating component 4 and a toxic and hazardous substance sensor 9 . Wherein, a plurality of sampling ports 15 are arranged on the casing 1 along its height direction. There are multiple sampling tubes 3 , the sampling tubes 3 are located inside the casing 1 , and the first end of each sampling tube 3 is connected to one of the sampling ports 15 . The heating component 4 is located in the casing 1 to heat the sampling tube 3 . The toxic and hazardous substance sensor 9 is connected to the second end of the sampling pipe 3 .

In this kind of emergency pollutant discharge monitoring system, since a plurality of sampling ports 15 are arranged along the height direction of the casing 1, the pollutants in different height areas can be collected and introduced to the lower part through different sampling pipes 3 In the toxic and harmful substance sensor 9, the pollutant distribution rule is obtained through the analysis of the toxic and harmful substance sensor 9, so as to guide the on-site rescue and evacuation of related personnel. Wherein, by arranging the heating component 4 in the sampling pipe 3, the high temperature conditions of pollutants in the accident scene or in the simulated experimental environment can be simulated. Moreover, the arrangement of the heating component 4 can also avoid generating condensed water vapor on the side wall of the sampling tube 3 .

The pollutants mainly refer to the pollutants carried in the air. In addition, whether the heating component 4 is turned on and the duration of turning on can be determined according to the ambient temperature. When the ambient temperature is high, in order to simulate the temperature of the pollutants, the heating component 4 needs to be turned on. When the ambient temperature is low, the heating element 4 may not be turned on.

It should be noted that, in addition to being provided with sampling ports 15 distributed along the height direction on the sleeve 1 , openings may also be provided in different directions at a specific height of the sleeve 1 . In this case, the pollutant discharge monitoring system in emergencies can monitor pollutants in different directions.

Wherein, the specific form of the toxic and hazardous substance sensor 9 is not limited. For example, the toxic and harmful substance sensor 9 can be a sensor for detecting the concentration of carbon monoxide, a sensor for detecting the concentration of carbon dioxide, or a sensor for detecting the concentration of hydrogen cyanide, nitrogen oxides or volatile organic compounds. For another example, the toxic and harmful substance sensor 9 may also be integrated with detection sensors of various toxic and harmful substances, so as to detect the concentrations of various toxic and harmful substances. Sensors that can detect six kinds of toxic and harmful substances exist in the prior art.

In one embodiment, please refer to FIG. 2 , the monitoring system for pollutant discharge during emergencies further includes a particle concentration sensor 8 . Therefore, in addition to the detection of toxic and harmful substances, the pollutant discharge monitoring system in emergencies can also detect the concentration of particulate matter.

For example, the particulate matter concentration sensor 8 may be a black carbon sensor, so as to detect black carbon among pollutants. For another example, the particulate matter concentration sensor 8 may also be a PM2.5 (fine particulate matter) sensor or a PM10 sensor.

The particle concentration sensor 8 can be connected in series with the toxic and harmful substance sensor 9 , or can be connected in series and parallel with the toxic and harmful substance sensor 9 . When the particulate matter concentration sensor 8 is connected in series with the toxic and harmful substance sensor 9, the structure of the pollutant emission monitoring system in an emergency can be simplified. When the particulate matter concentration sensor 8 is connected in parallel with the toxic and harmful substance sensor 9, the efficiency of pollutant detection can be guaranteed.

In Fig. 2, the particulate matter concentration sensor 8 is connected in series with the toxic and harmful substance sensor 9, and along the direction of air flow, the particulate matter concentration sensor 8 is located upstream of the toxic and hazardous substance sensor 9, that is, the particulate matter concentration sensor 8 is located between the sampling pipe 3 and the toxic and harmful substance sensor. Between the material sensor 9.

Of course, in some occasions, there is no need to detect the concentration of particulate matter, but only toxic and harmful substances need to be detected. In this case, a filter screen can be used to replace the particulate matter concentration sensor 8 located between the sampling pipe 3 and the toxic and harmful substance sensor 9 to prevent particulate matter Enter the poisonous and harmful substance sensor 9 and cause damage to it. Moreover, the above-mentioned particle concentration sensor 8 and the filter screen can be configured simultaneously in a set of pollutant discharge monitoring system in emergencies. Furthermore, it is possible to choose whether to install the particle concentration sensor 8 or the filter screen according to different occasions. In order to facilitate the replacement of the particle concentration sensor 8 and the filter screen, both the particle concentration sensor 8 and the filter screen can be detachably installed between the sampling pipe 3 and the toxic and harmful substance sensor 9 .

Please refer to FIG. 2 further, the monitoring system for pollutant discharge in emergencies also includes a protective case 5 . Wherein, the protective shell 5 is arranged outside the particle concentration sensor 8 and the toxic and harmful substance sensor 9 . Through the setting of the protective shell 5, the internal components can be protected from being damaged by external impact.

Further, a display 7 can be fixed on the protective case 5, and the display 7 is connected to the particle concentration sensor 8 and the toxic and hazardous substance sensor 9, and then the detection results of the particle concentration sensor 8 and the toxic and hazardous substance sensor 9 can be displayed through the display 7.

In addition, any of the following components can also be installed in the protective case 5: an air pump 11, a controller 10 and an alarm. Wherein, the air pump 11 is connected to the sampling tube 3 so that a negative pressure is formed inside the sampling tube 3 to ensure that the external air carries pollutants into the sampling tube 3 . In addition, the controller 10 is connected to the particulate matter concentration sensor 8 and the toxic and hazardous substance sensor 9 to determine whether the concentration of particulate matter or toxic and hazardous substances reaches the limit value. When the limit value is reached, the above-mentioned display 7 can be used to remind. When an alarm is provided, the alarm is connected to the controller 10 and sends an alarm signal when the concentration of particulate matter or toxic and harmful substances reaches the limit value, so as to indicate that the distribution of pollutants at the corresponding height has exceeded the limit value.

Of course, the above-mentioned controller not only judges whether the concentration of particulate matter or toxic and harmful substances reaches the limit value, but also controls the opening and closing of each component, display setting, calibration concentration, alarm limit setting, control of sampling tube heating, etc.

In addition, a battery 12 can also be provided in the protective case 5, and then the above-mentioned toxic and harmful substance sensor 9, the particle concentration sensor 8, the air pump 11, the controller 10 and the alarm are powered by the battery 12.

Further, the plurality of sampling tubes 3 are respectively connected to the particle concentration sensor 8 through the on-off switch 6 , and the on-off switch 6 is connected to the controller 10 , and then the on-off switch 6 is controlled based on the controller 10 . Wherein, the controller 10 controls the on-off switch 6 to include the following two situations:

In the first type, the number of particle concentration sensors 8 is one, and the controller 10 controls all on-off switches 6 to be turned on at different time periods. In this case, since the number of particle concentration sensors 8 is one, in order to detect the pollutants in the sampling pipes 3 corresponding to the sampling ports 15 at different heights, it is necessary to ensure that different on-off switches 6 are opened at different time intervals to prevent the detection of data gaps. confusion between. When the number of particle concentration sensors 8 is one, the corresponding number of toxic and hazardous substance sensors 9 can also be set to one.

In the second type, the number of particle concentration sensors 8 is the same as the number of sampling tubes 3 , and the controller 10 controls any on-off switch 6 to be turned on. In this case, since the number of particle concentration sensors 8 is the same as the number of sampling tubes 3 , different particle concentration sensors 8 can work simultaneously. Thus, the controller 10 can control multiple on-off switches 6 to be turned on at the same time, so that multiple particle concentration sensors 8 can simultaneously detect the particle concentration. Certainly, the controller 10 may also control multiple on-off switches 6 to be turned on at different time periods.

In the second case, when the number of particle concentration sensors 8 is the same as the number of sampling pipes 3 , the number of toxic and hazardous substance sensors 9 can also be set to be the same as the number of sampling pipes 3 . Furthermore, each sampling pipe 3 has its corresponding particulate matter concentration sensor 8 and toxic and harmful substance sensor 9 to realize rapid detection of pollutant concentration in different sampling pipes 3 .

Wherein, the on-off switch 6 may, but is not limited to, be in the form of a solenoid valve.

In one embodiment, the toxic and harmful substance sensor 9 may include any of a carbon monoxide concentration detection sensor, a carbon dioxide concentration detection sensor, a hydrogen cyanide concentration detection sensor, a nitrogen oxide concentration detection sensor and a volatile organic compound concentration detection sensor. For example, in Fig. 2, toxic and harmful substance sensor 9 includes four different sensors, corresponding to four squares in Fig. 2, which are respectively carbon monoxide concentration detection sensor, carbon dioxide concentration detection sensor, hydrogen cyanide concentration detection sensor and nitrogen oxide concentration detection sensor .

In one embodiment, the monitoring system for pollutant discharge in emergencies further includes a supporting component. Wherein, the support assembly is located at the bottom of the protective shell 5, and the support assembly includes a bracket 13 and a bottom support. The first end of the bracket 13 is connected to the protective shell 5, and the second end is connected to the bottom support. The bottom support can ensure that the pollutant discharge monitoring system stands on the ground reliably and firmly in an emergency, and prevent the pollutant discharge monitoring system from tipping over in an emergency. For example, the bottom support can be a support plate, and then the stability of the pollutant discharge monitoring system during the entire emergency can be ensured through the setting of the support plate. For another example, the bottom support can also adopt a sharp structure 14 that can be inserted into the soft ground. Of course, the specific structure of the bottom support is not limited by the example here, and it can adopt any structure disclosed in the prior art and can be used in the present invention to realize the fixed structure of the pollutant discharge monitoring system in an emergency.

Wherein, the structure of the bracket 13 is not limited. For example, the bracket 13 may adopt a tripod with simple structure and good stability.

In one embodiment, the heating element 4 is a heating wire wound on all the sampling tubes 3 . In this case, only one heating wire is needed to heat all the sampling tubes 3 . Of course, the specific form of the heating component 4 is not limited by the examples given here, for example, the heating component 4 may also be a heating tube, a heating sheet, or a heating rod.

Referring to FIG. 3 , the sampling pipe 3 is L-shaped, including a first pipe section arranged horizontally and connected to the sampling port 15 , and a second pipe section arranged vertically and connected to the first pipe section. In this case, the sampling tube 3 has a simple structure and is easy to prepare. In Fig. 3, the second pipe sections of different sampling pipes 3 are parallel to each other, and the first pipe section located at the upper sampling port 15 is longer than the first pipe section located at the lower sampling port 15, thereby ensuring that different sampling pipes 3 are not separated from each other. interference occurs.

Wherein, a sampling head 2 can be provided at the end of the first pipe section at the sampling port 15, and the sampling head 2 is located outside the casing 1, so that pollutants in the environment can be introduced into the pollutant discharge monitoring system in emergencies.

In one embodiment, a filter element is provided at the first port of the sampling pipe 3 for simulating and filtering the large particles generated in the accident scene or in the simulated experimental environment entering into the pollutant discharge monitoring system in an emergency. The structural form of the filter element is not limited here, as long as the filtering function can be realized.

Wherein, the filter particle size of the filter element is larger than the filter particle size of the filter screen.

In one embodiment, the sleeve 1 includes a sleeve 1 unit, a plurality of sleeve 1 units are assembled to form the sleeve 1 , and each sleeve 1 unit is provided with the sampling port 15 . In this case, the casing 1 adopts a segmented structure, and can be disassembled and assembled in a detachable manner, which is convenient for carrying.

Similarly, the sampling pipe 3 may also adopt a segmented structure. Specifically, the sampling tube 3 includes a sampling tube 3 unit, and a plurality of sampling tubes 3 units are assembled to form the sampling tube 3 .

The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, but not to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that various combinations, modifications or equivalent replacements of the technical solutions of the present invention do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all should cover Within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A pollutant discharge monitoring system in an emergency, characterized in that it comprises: A casing, on which a plurality of sampling ports are arranged along its height direction; There are multiple sampling tubes located inside the sleeve, and the first end of each sampling tube is connected to one of the sampling ports; a heating component, located in the casing, to heat the sampling tube; A toxic and hazardous substance sensor connected to the second end of the sampling pipe. 2. The pollutant emission monitoring system in an emergency according to claim 1, further comprising: The particle concentration sensor is located between the sampling pipe and the toxic and harmful substance sensor. 3. The pollutant emission monitoring system in an emergency according to claim 2, further comprising: A protective shell is provided outside the particle concentration sensor and the toxic and hazardous substance sensor; a display is fixed on the protective casing, and the display is connected to the particle concentration sensor and the toxic and hazardous substance sensor; Also installed in the protective case: an air pump connected to the sampling pipe; A controller is connected to the particulate matter concentration sensor and the toxic and hazardous substance sensor to determine whether the concentration of the particulate matter or the toxic and hazardous substance reaches the limit; The alarm is connected to the controller and sends out an alarm signal when the concentration of the particulate matter or toxic and harmful substances reaches a limit value. 4. The pollutant emission monitoring system in an emergency according to claim 3, wherein a plurality of said sampling pipes are respectively connected to said particle concentration sensors through on-off switches, and said on-off switches are connected to said control device: The number of the particle concentration sensor is one, and the controller controls all the on-off switches to be turned on at different time periods; or, The number of the particle concentration sensors is the same as the number of the sampling tubes, and the controller controls any of the on-off switches to be turned on. 5. The pollutant discharge monitoring system in an emergency according to claim 4, characterized in that, when the number of the particle concentration sensors is the same as the number of the sampling pipes, the number of the toxic and harmful substance sensors The number of the sampling tubes is the same, and the toxic and hazardous substance sensors include any of carbon monoxide concentration detection sensors, carbon dioxide concentration detection sensors, hydrogen cyanide concentration detection sensors, nitrogen oxide concentration detection sensors and volatile organic compound concentration detection sensors. 6. The pollutant discharge monitoring system in an emergency according to claim 3, further comprising: The supporting assembly is located at the bottom of the protective case, the supporting assembly includes a bracket and a bottom support, the first end of the bracket is connected to the protective case, and the second end is connected to the bottom support. 7. The pollutant discharge monitoring system in an emergency according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, the heating component is a heating wire wound on all the sampling pipes. 8. The pollutant emission monitoring system in an emergency according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the sampling pipe is L-shaped, comprising a first pipe section arranged horizontally and connected to the sampling port , and a second pipe section vertically arranged and connected to the first pipe section. 9. The pollutant emission monitoring system in an emergency according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, the first port of the sampling pipe is provided with a filter. 10. The pollutant emission monitoring system in an emergency according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the casing includes a casing unit, and a plurality of casing units are assembled to form the casing Each casing unit is provided with the sampling port; the sampling tube includes a sampling tube unit, and a plurality of the sampling tube units are assembled to form the sampling tube.