CN110455090A - An efficient cyclone atomization desulfurization and dust removal method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of efficient swirling flow atomizing desulfurization and dust-removal methods, are related to desulfurization and dedusting technology field.The present invention includes boiler, water-bath heater, several rotational flow atomizers, first motor and the second motor, the fixation of boiler exit gas mouth one end is communicated with the first exhaust gases passes, the first exhaust gases passes other end is fixed to be communicated with air preheater, and the fixation of air preheater gas outlet one end is communicated with the tail portion road Yan Re.The present invention carries out the basis atomization of desulfurization wastewater by several rotational flow atomizers, exhaust fan is cooperated to carry out the secondary-atomizing of desulfurization wastewater again, heated for controlling temperature is carried out to desulfurization wastewater in desulfurization wastewater pond using water-bath heater simultaneously, cone spiral vane finally is set in the tail portion road Yan Re inner wall, and cooperate the collision of turbine progress flue gas and atomizing particle, so that the intensity and significant effect of the two collision increase, so that the desulfurization and dedusting effect of flue gas is more significant, the efficiency of flue gas desulfurization and dedusting is directly enhanced.

Description

An efficient cyclone atomization desulfurization and dust removal method

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of desulfurization and dust removal, in particular to an efficient cyclone atomization desulfurization and dust removal method.

Background technique

With the rapid development of industry, the installed capacity of thermal power in my country continues to increase, but the total emission of pollutants continues to increase, which causes huge damage to the ecological environment. Therefore, flue gas desulfurization treatment technology has gradually attracted attention. . At present, limestone-gypsum wet desulfurization technology has become the most widely used and mature technology due to its advantages of strong applicability, high desulfurization efficiency, high utilization rate of absorbent, high equipment operation rate, abundant and cheap sources of desulfurization agent limestone, etc. Desulfurization process. However, the desulfurization wastewater produced by this process has high acidity and contains a large amount of suspended solids, supersaturated sulfites, sulfates, fluorides and trace heavy metals, which cannot meet the basic requirements of the national environmental protection standards. Commonly used chemical methods such as neutralization, flocculation and precipitation cannot reach the emission target.

At present, in the field of zero-discharge treatment process of desulfurization wastewater, there are mainly two types of process routes: evaporative crystallization method and boiler flue treatment method. The evaporative crystallization method is to introduce desulfurization wastewater into a special evaporator, and heat it to boiling by steam or electric heater, so that the water in the wastewater is gradually evaporated into a gas phase, and the separated gas phase water is re-condensed into a liquid phase after cooling. At the same time, the suspended solids and soluble substances in the wastewater are trapped in the distillation residue with the increase of the concentration ratio, and finally precipitate in the form of crystals. Evaporative crystallization method is widely used in chemical industry, medicine, seawater desalination and wastewater treatment due to its advantages of high heat transfer coefficient, large operation flexibility and simple influent pretreatment. However, the disadvantages of the evaporation crystallization method, such as high energy consumption, easy fouling of equipment and large investment, are important factors restricting its application. The boiler flue treatment method is a method of treating desulfurization wastewater by spray evaporation in the flue. That is, through a certain spraying method, the desulfurization wastewater is atomized and sprayed into the boiler tail flue before the electrostatic precipitator, so that the atomized wastewater droplets are rapidly evaporated and gasified under the heating of high-temperature flue gas, while the suspended solids in it. Together with soluble substances, they form fine solid particles, which enter the electrostatic precipitator under the entrainment action of the flue gas flow and are captured by the electrodes, which are eliminated as ash, and realizes near-zero discharge treatment of desulfurized wastewater. Compared with the traditional evaporative crystallization method, the flue treatment method requires simple equipment and does not need to add additional chemicals, which can effectively solve the problem of the large number of equipment, huge investment, high operating cost and maintenance in the current wastewater treatment system. Disadvantages such as large workload.

However, the existing flue treatment method is not widely used in practical applications, mainly because it has low efficiency and long time in the process of desulfurization and dust removal, and cannot meet the actual needs in the production process. In response to the above problems, through repeated tests, the company found that the size of the atomized particles of the desulfurization wastewater, the temperature of the desulfurization wastewater, and the strength of the collision between the atomized particles and the flue gas directly determine the desulfurization and dust removal efficiency of the flue gas. Therefore, our company has invented an efficient cyclone atomization desulfurization and dust removal method, so that the desulfurization and dust removal effect of flue gas can meet the needs of actual production, and more in line with the basic requirements of national environmental protection standards.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a highly efficient cyclone atomization desulfurization and dust removal method. The basic atomization of desulfurization wastewater is carried out through several cyclone atomizers, and the secondary atomization of desulfurization wastewater is carried out with exhaust fans. At the same time, a water bath is used. The heater controls the temperature of the desulfurization wastewater in the desulfurization wastewater pool. Finally, conical spiral blades are set on the inner wall of the tail flue hot channel, and the collision between the flue gas and the atomized particles is carried out with the turbine, so that the intensity and effect of the collision between the two are significantly increased. large, so that the flue gas desulfurization and dust removal effect is more significant.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

The present invention is an efficient cyclone atomization desulfurization and dust removal method, comprising a boiler, a water bath heater, a plurality of cyclone atomizers, a first motor and a second motor, and one end of the boiler gas outlet is fixedly connected with the first flue gas The other end of the first flue gas channel is fixedly connected with an air preheater, one end of the air outlet of the air preheater is fixedly connected with a tail flue hot duct, and one end of the tail flue hot duct air outlet is fixedly connected with an electrostatic precipitator One end of the gas outlet of the electrostatic precipitator is fixedly connected with a second flue gas channel, the other end of the second flue gas channel is fixedly connected with a desulfurization tower, and one end of the gas outlet of the desulfurization tower is fixedly connected with a third flue gas channel, The other end of the third flue gas channel is fixedly connected with a chimney, one end of the water outlet of the desulfurization tower is fixedly connected with a desulfurization waste water pool, the desulfurization waste water pool is placed inside the water bath heater, and one end of the water outlet of the desulfurization waste water pool is fixedly connected There is a swirl atomizing pump, one end of the water outlet of the swirl atomizing pump is fixedly connected with a waste water channel, a flow control valve is arranged on the waste water channel, and the other end of the waste water channel is connected with one end of the water inlets of several cyclone atomizers. They are respectively fixedly connected, and a plurality of the cyclone atomizers are arranged on the tail flue hot duct and are in fixed communication with the tail flue hot duct;

A first flange, a conical helical blade and a second flange are fixed in sequence from top to bottom on the inner wall of the tail flue hot duct, and a first support rod is fixed at one end of the output shaft of the first motor, and the first support rod The other end passes through the outer wall of the tail smoke hot duct and one surface of the first flange in turn and is fixed with an exhaust fan, one end of the output shaft of the second motor is fixed with a second support rod, and the other end of the second support rod passes through in turn A surface of the outer wall of the tail flue hot duct and the second flange is fixed with a turbine;

The cyclone atomization desulfurization and dust removal method includes the following steps:

SS001 Atomization of desulfurization wastewater: firstly adjust the flow control valve to control the conveying flow of desulfurization wastewater, then start the water bath heater to control the temperature of desulfurization wastewater in the desulfurization wastewater pool, and then energize the cyclone atomization pump to make the cyclone flow The atomizing pump pulls the desulfurization wastewater in the desulfurization wastewater tank along the wastewater channel to several cyclone atomizers, and the several cyclone atomizers perform cyclone centrifugal separation and atomization treatment on the desulfurization wastewater, so that the desulfurization wastewater is converted from liquid to liquid. It is in a granular fog state and enters the tail flue hot channel. At the same time, the first motor is energized, so that the first motor drives the exhaust fan to rotate. The atomization degree of desulfurization wastewater is higher, and the number of particles is further increased;

SS002 flue gas dedusting treatment: the flue gas generated by the combustion in the boiler will enter the tail flue hot channel along the first flue gas channel and the air preheater to mix with the atomized desulfurization wastewater, and energize the second motor, so that the second motor Drive the turbine to rotate. During the rotation of the turbine, it will cooperate with the conical spiral blades on the inner wall of the tail flue hot duct, so that the mixture of the flue gas inside the tail flue hot duct and the atomized desulfurization wastewater forms a swirling airflow, thereby accelerating the flue gas and atomization. The mixing, collision and condensation of post-desulfurization wastewater make the dust in the flue gas and the particles in the desulfurization wastewater coagulate with each other to form larger fixed particles, and the water on them will be evaporated to dryness by the waste heat in the flue gas. The treated flue gas enters the electrostatic precipitator, and the electrostatic precipitator will capture and process the fixed particles in the mixed flue gas, so that the fixed particles can be precipitated and discharged;

SS003 Desulfurization treatment after flue gas dedusting: After the treatment in step SS002, the dedusted flue gas enters the desulfurization tower along the second flue gas channel for desulfurization treatment, so that the sulfide in the flue gas can react and remain in the desulfurization tower In the process, the flue gas after desulfurization and dust removal will be discharged along the third flue gas channel and the chimney, so as to complete the desulfurization and dust removal treatment of the flue gas, and make the flue gas desulfurization and dust removal treatment to be continuously cycled.

Further, the exhaust fans are located directly below the cyclone atomizers, so that the desulfurization wastewater atomized by the cyclone atomizers can be further atomized and then enter the tail flue hot channel to react with the flue gas.

Further, an agitator is provided in the desulfurization wastewater tank for stirring the desulfurization solution, thereby preventing the precipitation of particulate matter generated during the flue gas desulfurization process.

Further, in the step SS002, the particle diameter range of the desulfurization wastewater after two atomization treatments is 1 μm-10 μm, which makes it easier to condense the soot and the desulfurized wastewater after atomization, and makes the coagulated fixed particles easier. It is evaporated to dryness by the waste heat in the flue gas.

The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

The invention uses several cyclone atomizers to perform basic atomization of desulfurization wastewater, and then cooperates with exhaust fans to perform secondary atomization of desulfurization wastewater, so that the degree of atomization of desulfurization wastewater is higher and the number of particles is increased, and a water bath heater is used at the same time. The desulfurization wastewater in the desulfurization wastewater pool is heated and temperature controlled, so that the temperature of the desulfurization wastewater is more suitable for the treatment of flue gas. Finally, conical spiral blades are arranged on the inner wall of the tail flue hot channel, and the collision between the flue gas and the atomized particles is carried out with the turbine, so that the The intensity and effect of the collision between the two are significantly increased, which makes the flue gas desulfurization and dust removal effect more significant, directly improves the efficiency of flue gas desulfurization and dust removal, and makes the flue gas treatment better meet the basic requirements of actual production and national environmental protection standards. Require.

Of course, it is not necessary for any product embodying the present invention to achieve all of the above-described advantages simultaneously.

Description of drawings

In order to illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without any creative effort.

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of desulfurization and dedusting of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a tail flue hot duct, an exhaust fan, a turbine and a conical helical blade;

In the accompanying drawings, the list of components represented by each number is as follows:

1- boiler, 2- first flue gas channel, 3- air preheater, 4- tail flue hot channel, 5- electrostatic precipitator, 6- second flue gas channel, 7- desulfurization tower, 8- third flue gas Gas channel, 9-chimney, 10-desulfurization wastewater pool, 11-water bath heater, 12-cyclone atomizing pump, 13-wastewater channel, 14-cyclone atomizer, 15-flow control valve, 16-first Flange, 17-second flange, 18-first motor, 19-first strut, 20-exhaust fan, 21-second motor, 22-second strut, 23-turbo, 24-cone Spiral blade.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

1-2, the present invention is an efficient cyclone atomization desulfurization and dust removal method, comprising a boiler 1, a water bath heater 11, four cyclone atomizers 14, a first motor 18 and a second motor 21. One end of the gas outlet of the boiler 1 is fixedly connected with the first flue gas channel 2, the other end of the first flue gas channel 2 is fixedly connected with the air preheater 3, and one end of the gas outlet of the air preheater 3 is fixedly connected with the tail flue gas channel 4. One end of the gas outlet of the tail flue hot channel 4 is fixedly connected with the electrostatic precipitator 5, one end of the gas outlet of the electrostatic precipitator 5 is fixedly connected with the second flue gas channel 6, and the other end of the second flue gas channel 6 is fixedly connected with the desulfurization tower 7. One end of the gas outlet of the tower 7 is fixedly connected with a third flue gas channel 8, the other end of the third flue gas channel 8 is fixedly connected with a chimney 9, and one end of the water outlet of the desulfurization tower 7 is fixedly connected with a desulfurization waste water pool 10, and the desulfurization waste water pool 10 is placed in a water bath. Inside the heater 11, one end of the water outlet of the desulfurization waste water tank 10 is fixedly connected with a swirl atomizing pump 12, and one end of the water outlet of the swirl atomizing pump 12 is fixedly connected with a waste water channel 13, and the waste water channel 13 is provided with a flow control valve 15. The other end of the channel 13 is in fixed communication with one end of the water inlets of the four cyclone atomizers 14 respectively, and the four cyclone atomizers 14 are all arranged on the tail flue hot channel 4 and are in fixed communication with the tail flue hot channel 4;

A first flange 16, a conical helical blade 24 and a second flange 17 are fixed on the inner wall of the tail flue heat channel 4 in order from top to bottom, and a first support rod 19 is fixed at one end of the output shaft of the first motor 18. The first support rod The other end of 19 passes through the outer wall of the tail flue heat channel 4 and one surface of the first flange 16 in turn, and the exhaust fan 20 is fixed. One end of the output shaft of the second motor 21 is fixed with a second support rod 22, and the other end of the second support rod 22 is fixed Passing through the outer wall of the tail flue hot duct 4 and a surface of the second flange 17 in turn, and a turbine 23 is fixed;

The cyclone atomization desulfurization and dust removal method includes the following steps:

SS001 Atomization of desulfurization wastewater: firstly adjust the flow control valve 15 to control the conveying flow of desulfurization wastewater, then start the water bath heater 11 to control the temperature of desulfurization wastewater in the desulfurization wastewater pool 10, and then energize the cyclone atomization pump 12 , so that the cyclone atomization pump 12 pulls the desulfurization wastewater in the desulfurization wastewater pool 10 to the four cyclone atomizers 14 along the wastewater channel 13, and the four cyclone atomizers 14 perform cyclone centrifugal separation on the desulfurization wastewater. With the atomization treatment, the desulfurization wastewater is changed from liquid to granular mist and enters the tail flue hot channel 4, and the first motor 18 is energized at the same time, so that the first motor 18 drives the exhaust fan 20 to rotate, and the exhaust fan 20 will The second atomization treatment is performed on the atomized desulfurization wastewater entering the tail flue hot channel 4, so that the desulfurization wastewater has a higher degree of atomization and the number of particles is further increased;

SS002 flue gas dedusting treatment: the flue gas generated by the combustion in the boiler 1 will enter the tail flue gas hot channel 4 along the first flue gas channel 2 and the air preheater 3 to be mixed with the atomized desulfurization wastewater, and sent to the second motor 21. Power on, so that the second motor 21 drives the turbine 23 to rotate. During the rotation of the turbine 23, it will cooperate with the conical helical blades 24 on the inner wall of the tail flue hot duct 4 to make the flue gas inside the tail flue hot duct 4 and the atomized desulfurization wastewater mixed gas A swirling airflow is formed to accelerate the mixing, collision and condensation of the flue gas and the desulfurization wastewater after atomization, so that the dust in the flue gas and the particles in the desulfurization wastewater condense with each other to form larger fixed particles, and the moisture on them will It is evaporated to dryness by the waste heat in the flue gas, and finally, the flue gas after mixed treatment enters the electrostatic precipitator 5, and the electrostatic precipitator 5 will capture and process the fixed particles in the mixed flue gas, so that the fixed particles can be precipitated and discharged;

SS003 Desulfurization treatment after flue gas dedusting: After the treatment in step SS002, the dedusted flue gas enters the desulfurization tower 7 along the second flue gas passage 6 for desulfurization treatment, so that the sulfide in the flue gas can be reacted and retained in In the desulfurization tower 7, the flue gas after desulfurization and dedusting will be discharged along the third flue gas passage 8 and the chimney 9, so as to complete the desulfurization and dedusting treatment of the flue gas, and make the flue gas desulfurization and dedusting treatment reciprocate continuously.

As shown in FIG. 2 , the exhaust fan 20 is located directly below the four cyclone atomizers 14 , so that the desulfurization wastewater atomized by the cyclone atomizer 14 can be further atomized and then enter the tail flue hot channel 4 to be mixed with the flue gas. gas reacts.

Wherein, the desulfurization wastewater tank 10 is provided with a stirrer for stirring the desulfurization solution, so as to prevent the precipitation of particulate matter generated during the flue gas desulfurization process.

Wherein, the particle diameter range of the desulfurization wastewater after two atomization treatments in step SS002 is 1 μm-5 μm, which makes the soot and the atomized desulfurization wastewater more likely to condense, and makes the condensed fixed particles more easily absorbed by the flue gas The waste heat in the evaporating to dryness.

In the description of this specification, description with reference to the terms "one embodiment," "example," "specific example," etc. means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one aspect of the present invention. in one embodiment or example. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

The above-disclosed preferred embodiments of the present invention are provided only to help illustrate the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not exhaust all the details, nor do they limit the invention to only the described embodiments. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the content of this specification. The present specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can well understand and utilize the present invention. The present invention is to be limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of efficient swirling flow atomizing desulfurization and dust-removal method, it is characterised in that: including boiler (1), water-bath heater (11) if, Dry rotational flow atomizer (14), first motor (18) and the second motor (21), described boiler (1) gas outlet one end is fixed to be communicated with the One exhaust gases passes (2), the first exhaust gases passes (2) other end fixation are communicated with air preheater (3), the air preheater (3) gas outlet one end is fixed is communicated with the tail portion road Yan Re (4), and the fixation of the road the tail portion Yan Re (4) gas outlet one end is communicated with electricity Deduster (5), electric precipitator (5) gas outlet one end fixation are communicated with the second exhaust gases passes (6), second exhaust gases passes (6) other end fixation is communicated with desulfurizing tower (7), and desulfurizing tower (7) gas outlet one end fixation is communicated with third exhaust gases passes (8), third exhaust gases passes (8) other end fixation is communicated with chimney (9), and described desulfurizing tower (7) water outlet one end is fixed to be connected It is connected with desulfurization wastewater pond (10), the desulfurization wastewater pond (10) is placed in water-bath heater (11) inside, the desulfurization wastewater pond (10) water outlet one end is fixed is communicated with swirling flow atomizing pump (12), and the swirling flow atomizing pump (12) water outlet one end fixation is communicated with Waste water tunnel (13), the waste water tunnel (13) be equipped with flow control valve (15), the waste water tunnel (13) if the other end with The fixed connection respectively of dry rotational flow atomizer (14) water inlet one end, several rotational flow atomizers (14) are arranged at tail portion cigarette heat It is connected on road (4) and with the tail portion road Yan Re (4) fixation；The road the tail portion Yan Re (4) inner wall is successively fixed with first from top to bottom Flange (16), cone spiral vane (24) and second flange (17), described first motor (18) output shaft one end are fixed with first Strut (19), the first strut (19) other end sequentially pass through (16) one surface of the tail portion road Yan Re (4) outer wall and first flange And exhaust fan (20) are fixed with, described second motor (21) output shaft one end is fixed with the second strut (22), second strut (22) other end sequentially passes through the tail portion road Yan Re (4) outer wall and (17) one surface of second flange and is fixed with turbine (23)；

Swirling flow atomizing desulfurization and dust-removal method includes the following steps:

The atomization of SS001 desulfurization wastewater: adjusting flow control valve (15) first controls the feed flow of desulfurization wastewater, connects Starting water-bath heater (11) the desulfurization wastewater temperature in desulfurization wastewater pond (10) is controlled, then to swirling flow atomizing pump (12) it is powered, draws the desulfurization wastewater in desulfurization wastewater pond (10) extremely along waste water tunnel (13) so that swirling flow atomizing pumps (12) In several rotational flow atomizers (14), several rotational flow atomizers (14) carry out eddy flow centrifuge separation and atomization process to desulfurization wastewater, So that desulfurization wastewater is switched to graininess mist state by liquid and entered in the road tail portion Yan Re (4), while being powered to first motor (18), So that after first motor (18) drives exhaust fan (20) rotation, exhaust fan (20) can be to the atomization entered in the road tail portion Yan Re (4) Desulfurization wastewater carry out secondary-atomizing processing so that desulfurization wastewater fogging degree is higher, amounts of particles further increases；

The processing of SS002 flue gas ash removal: the flue gas that burning generates in boiler (1) can be along the first exhaust gases passes (2) and air preheat Device (3) enters in the road tail portion Yan Re (4) to be mixed with the desulfurization wastewater after atomization, is powered to the second motor (21), so that the second electricity Machine (21) drives turbine (23) rotation, the cone-type spiral leaf of the meeting road tie tail Yan Re (4) inner wall in turbine (23) rotation process Piece (24) makes the mixed gas formation scroll air-flow of desulfurization wastewater after flue gas and atomization inside the tail portion road Yan Re (4), from And accelerate mixing, collision and the coalescence of desulfurization wastewater after flue gas and atomization, so that in dust and desulfurization wastewater in flue gas Grain mutually condensation forms biggish fixed particle, and moisture thereon can be evaporated by the waste heat in flue gas, finally, after mixed processing Flue gas enter in electric precipitator (5), electric precipitator (5) can capture processing be carried out to the fixation particle in mixed flue gas so that Fixed particle is able to be precipitated and be discharged；

Desulfurization process after SS003 flue gas ash removal: after the processing of step SS002, the flue gas after dedusting is along the second flue gas Channel (6), which enters, carries out desulfurization process in desulfurizing tower (7), so that the sulfide in flue gas is able to react and is deposited in desulfurizing tower (7) in, the flue gas after desulfurization and dedusting can be discharged along third exhaust gases passes (8) and chimney (9), to complete the desulfurization of flue gas Dust removal process, and flue gas desulfurization and dedusting processing is made to be able to continuous reciprocation cycle.

2. a kind of efficient swirling flow atomizing desulfurization and dust-removal method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the exhaust fan (20) it is located at immediately below several rotational flow atomizers (14).

3. a kind of efficient swirling flow atomizing desulfurization and dust-removal method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the desulfurization is useless Pond is provided with blender in (10).

4. a kind of efficient swirling flow atomizing desulfurization and dust-removal method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step The particle diameter range of desulfurization wastewater in SS002 after atomization process twice is 1 μm -10 μm.