CN110453539B - A floating slab track based on a local resonance support system - Google Patents
A floating slab track based on a local resonance support system Download PDFInfo
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- CN110453539B CN110453539B CN201910689335.1A CN201910689335A CN110453539B CN 110453539 B CN110453539 B CN 110453539B CN 201910689335 A CN201910689335 A CN 201910689335A CN 110453539 B CN110453539 B CN 110453539B
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims description 12
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- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 claims description 10
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- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
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- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 29
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- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B1/00—Ballastway; Other means for supporting the sleepers or the track; Drainage of the ballastway
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B19/00—Protection of permanent way against development of dust or against the effect of wind, sun, frost, or corrosion; Means to reduce development of noise
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B19/00—Protection of permanent way against development of dust or against the effect of wind, sun, frost, or corrosion; Means to reduce development of noise
- E01B19/003—Means for reducing the development or propagation of noise
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
- Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种基于局域共振型支承系统的浮置板轨道，包括轨道板、密封板、支承结构、支承结构固定装置和支承结构调高装置，其中：轨道板为钢筋混凝土结构；密封板为混凝土结构，盖设于轨道板上表面；支承结构底端抵压于基础结构上，并支承固定于其上的轨道板，支承结构由相同的多层结构沿轴向进行叠加而成；支承结构固定装置，套设于支承结构上，其外壁与轨道板中的钢筋固定连接；支承结构调高装置，设于支承结构下方，其为相互嵌套的多级可抬升空腔结构。与现有技术相比，本发明中浮置板轨道的减振效果是浮置板轨道自身减振性能和周期性支承层振动衰减性能的叠加，有更加优异的减振性能。
The present invention relates to a floating plate track based on a local resonance type support system, including a track plate, a sealing plate, a supporting structure, a supporting structure fixing device and a supporting structure height adjustment device, wherein: the track plate is a reinforced concrete structure; the sealing plate is a concrete structure, which is covered on the upper surface of the track plate; the bottom end of the supporting structure is pressed against the base structure, and supports the track plate fixed thereon, and the supporting structure is formed by stacking the same multi-layer structure along the axial direction; the supporting structure fixing device is sleeved on the supporting structure, and its outer wall is fixedly connected to the steel bars in the track plate; the supporting structure height adjustment device is arranged below the supporting structure, which is a multi-level elevating cavity structure nested with each other. Compared with the prior art, the vibration reduction effect of the floating plate track in the present invention is the superposition of the vibration reduction performance of the floating plate track itself and the vibration attenuation performance of the periodic supporting layer, and has a more excellent vibration reduction performance.
Description
技术领域Technical Field
本发明涉及轨道交通减振降噪领域，尤其是涉及一种基于局域共振型支承系统的浮置板轨道。The invention relates to the field of vibration and noise reduction of rail transit, and in particular to a floating plate track based on a local resonance type support system.
背景技术Background technique
目前，随着城市轨道交通的发展引起的环境振动问题的日益突出，采用浮置板轨道成为了减少城市轨道交通振动的主要措施之一。目前，轨道振动控制中最常见的做法是在上部轨道结构和下部基础之间插入弹性支承层，通过上部轨道结构在弹性支承层上的惯性运动衰减列车运行产生的振动。通过改善浮置板轨道弹性支承层，可有效降低行车造成的振动。At present, with the increasingly prominent environmental vibration problems caused by the development of urban rail transit, the use of floating slab tracks has become one of the main measures to reduce the vibration of urban rail transit. At present, the most common practice in track vibration control is to insert an elastic support layer between the upper track structure and the lower foundation, and attenuate the vibration caused by the train operation through the inertial motion of the upper track structure on the elastic support layer. By improving the elastic support layer of the floating slab track, the vibration caused by driving can be effectively reduced.
传统浮置板轨道是通过上部轨道结构在弹性支承层上的惯性运动衰减列车运行产生的振动。其中主要面临以下亟待解决的问题：1)支承结构难以保证长期有效的固定于轨道板内部，会产生旋转与侧向位移，导致减振效果显著下降。2)无法实现灵活的支承结构高度调整。3)支承系统与外部环境接触导致易被腐蚀氧化，造成结构损伤。4)现有的浮置板轨道仅依靠弹性支承层实现振动衰减，减振效果不佳。Traditional floating slab tracks attenuate the vibrations generated by train operation through the inertial motion of the upper track structure on the elastic support layer. The main problems that need to be solved are as follows: 1) It is difficult to ensure that the support structure is effectively fixed inside the track plate for a long time, which will cause rotation and lateral displacement, resulting in a significant decrease in the vibration reduction effect. 2) It is impossible to flexibly adjust the height of the support structure. 3) The support system is in contact with the external environment, which makes it susceptible to corrosion and oxidation, causing structural damage. 4) The existing floating slab track only relies on the elastic support layer to achieve vibration attenuation, and the vibration reduction effect is not good.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明的目的就是为了克服上述现有技术存在的缺陷而提供一种基于局域共振型支承系统的浮置板轨道。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects of the above-mentioned prior art and provide a floating plate track based on a local resonance type support system.
本发明的目的可以通过以下技术方案来实现：The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:
一种基于局域共振型支承系统的浮置板轨道，包括轨道板、密封板、支承结构、支承结构固定装置和支承结构调高装置，其中：A floating plate track based on a local resonance type support system comprises a track plate, a sealing plate, a support structure, a support structure fixing device and a support structure height adjustment device, wherein:
轨道板，其为钢筋混凝土结构；Track slab, which is a reinforced concrete structure;
密封板，混凝土结构，盖设于轨道板上表面；Sealing plate, concrete structure, covered on the upper surface of the track plate;
支承结构，其底端抵压于基础结构上，并支承固定于其上的轨道板，支承结构由相同的多层结构沿轴向进行叠加而成；The supporting structure has a bottom end pressed against the base structure and supports the track plate fixed thereon, and the supporting structure is formed by stacking the same multi-layer structure along the axial direction;
支承结构固定装置，套设于支承结构上，其外壁与轨道板中的钢筋固定连接；The supporting structure fixing device is sleeved on the supporting structure, and its outer wall is fixedly connected to the steel bars in the track plate;
支承结构调高装置，设于支承结构下方，其为相互嵌套的多级可抬升空腔结构，每级空腔之间相互贯通，通过压力液体的输入使得多级可抬升空腔结构逐级升高，以此调高支承结构。The supporting structure height adjustment device is arranged under the supporting structure. It is a multi-level liftable cavity structure that is nested with each other. The cavities at each level are interconnected. The multi-level liftable cavity structure is raised step by step through the input of pressure liquid, thereby adjusting the height of the supporting structure.
进一步地，所述的支承结构固定装置包括：Furthermore, the supporting structure fixing device comprises:
套筒，其套于支承结构上，套筒底端抵压于基础上，中部及顶端设于浮置板轨道内部，顶端沿周向均布有多个凸起的L型卡板，L型卡板与套筒顶部上沿间形成水平开口的L型槽，相邻L型卡板间形成定位口；A sleeve is sleeved on the supporting structure, the bottom end of the sleeve is pressed against the foundation, the middle part and the top end are arranged inside the floating plate track, and a plurality of raised L-shaped pallets are evenly distributed along the circumference of the top end, a horizontally opened L-shaped groove is formed between the L-shaped pallet and the upper edge of the top of the sleeve, and a positioning opening is formed between adjacent L-shaped pallets;
齿盘，其边沿上设有多个凸爪，所述的凸爪可卡入定位口中，并通过水平旋转齿盘使得凸爪与L型槽啮合；A toothed disc, with a plurality of protruding claws on its edge, the protruding claws can be inserted into the positioning openings, and the protruding claws can be engaged with the L-shaped grooves by horizontally rotating the toothed disc;
盖板，其下表面边沿处开设有多个卡槽，盖板盖于套筒顶部时L型卡板与卡槽啮合。The cover plate has a plurality of card slots at the edge of the lower surface thereof. When the cover plate is covered on the top of the sleeve, the L-shaped card plate engages with the card slots.
进一步地，所述的L型卡板包括相互垂直的第一立面、第二立面和第三立面；Furthermore, the L-shaped pallet comprises a first facade, a second facade and a third facade which are perpendicular to each other;
所述的第一立面与套筒的轴线平行，第一立面的一个侧边与第二立面连接，另一侧边连接于套筒顶端的边沿上；The first vertical surface is parallel to the axis of the sleeve, one side of the first vertical surface is connected to the second vertical surface, and the other side is connected to the edge of the top end of the sleeve;
所述的第二立面与套筒的轴线垂直，第二立面与套筒顶端上沿所在平面平行；The second vertical surface is perpendicular to the axis of the sleeve, and is parallel to the plane where the upper edge of the top of the sleeve is located;
所述的第三立面与套筒的轴线平行，同时其均与第一立面与第二立面的同一侧连接。The third vertical surface is parallel to the axis of the sleeve, and is connected to the same side of the first vertical surface and the second vertical surface.
进一步地，所述的轨道板长方体板状结构，其上开设有多个预留孔，套筒设于预留孔中。Furthermore, the rectangular plate structure of the track plate is provided with a plurality of reserved holes, and the sleeves are arranged in the reserved holes.
进一步地，所述的支承结构中的每层中沿径向由内至外依次分布有内散射体、内包覆层、外散射体、外包覆层和铝制套筒，轴向相邻两层之间设有橡胶垫层。Furthermore, in each layer of the support structure, an inner scatterer, an inner cladding layer, an outer scatterer, an outer cladding layer and an aluminum sleeve are sequentially distributed radially from the inside to the outside, and a rubber cushion layer is provided between two adjacent layers in the axial direction.
进一步地，所述的内包覆层、外包覆层和橡胶垫层为聚氨酯材料或橡胶材料中的一种，所述的内散射体和外散射体为钢材料。Furthermore, the inner coating layer, the outer coating layer and the rubber cushion layer are made of one of polyurethane materials or rubber materials, and the inner scatterer and the outer scatterer are made of steel materials.
进一步地，所述的支承结构调高装置包括：Furthermore, the support structure height adjustment device comprises:
储液箱，为相互嵌套的多级可抬升空腔结构，每级空腔之间相互贯通，未抬升状态时的外圈至内圈对应抬升状态的时的底端至顶端；The liquid storage tank is a multi-level elevating cavity structure nested with each other, and each level of cavity is interconnected, and the outer circle to the inner circle in the non-elevated state corresponds to the bottom to the top in the elevated state;
钢隔板，设于储液箱顶端空腔结构的上方，钢隔板的上表面与支承结构的底端连接；A steel partition is arranged above the cavity structure at the top of the liquid storage tank, and the upper surface of the steel partition is connected to the bottom end of the supporting structure;
压力输出机构，通过管路与储液箱连通，压力输出机构向储液箱中输出压力液体，使得储液箱的多级空腔按照由底至顶逐级升高。The pressure output mechanism is connected with the liquid storage tank through a pipeline, and outputs pressure liquid into the liquid storage tank, so that the multi-level cavities of the liquid storage tank are gradually increased from bottom to top.
进一步地，所述的压力输出机构通过管路连接于外圈空腔上。Furthermore, the pressure output mechanism is connected to the outer ring cavity through a pipeline.
进一步地，所述的外圈空腔上设有阀门，阀门一端与外圈空腔连通，另一端可拆卸的与压力输出机构连接，所述的阀门通过快速接头与管路连接。Furthermore, a valve is provided on the outer ring cavity, one end of the valve is communicated with the outer ring cavity, and the other end is detachably connected to the pressure output mechanism, and the valve is connected to the pipeline through a quick connector.
进一步地，支承结构调高装置和支承结构对轨道板的支撑，使得轨道板的下底面略高于支承结构调高装置的下底面。Furthermore, the support provided to the track plate by the supporting structure height adjusting device and the supporting structure enables the lower bottom surface of the track plate to be slightly higher than the lower bottom surface of the supporting structure height adjusting device.
进一步地，支承结构调高装置的上表面与支承结构的下表面通过硫化反应紧密连结，其使用硫化胶黏剂实现。Furthermore, the upper surface of the supporting structure height adjustment device is tightly connected to the lower surface of the supporting structure through a vulcanization reaction, which is achieved using a vulcanized adhesive.
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下优点：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
1)支承结构固定装置焊接于轨道板内部钢筋上，限制了支承结构的旋转与侧向位移。1) The supporting structure fixture is welded to the steel bars inside the track slab, limiting the rotation and lateral displacement of the supporting structure.
2)支承结构调高装置位于支承结构的正下方，通过硫化反应与支承结构底部紧密连结，提高了整个支承系统的灵活性。2) The supporting structure height adjustment device is located directly below the supporting structure and is tightly connected to the bottom of the supporting structure through vulcanization reaction, thereby improving the flexibility of the entire supporting system.
3)轨道板顶部的密封板与支承层固定装置中的钢盖板相配合，将支承系统与外部环境隔离开来，提高了整体结构的使用寿命。3) The sealing plate on the top of the track plate cooperates with the steel cover plate in the supporting layer fixing device to isolate the supporting system from the external environment and improve the service life of the overall structure.
4)本发明中浮置板轨道的减振效果是浮置板轨道自身减振性能和周期性支承层振动衰减性能的叠加，有更加优异的减振性能。4) The vibration reduction effect of the floating plate track in the present invention is the superposition of the vibration reduction performance of the floating plate track itself and the vibration attenuation performance of the periodic supporting layer, and has a more excellent vibration reduction performance.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
图1是本发明的浮置板轨道整体结构示意图；FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a floating plate track of the present invention;
图2是本发明的浮置板轨道支承结构示意图；FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a floating plate track support structure of the present invention;
图3是本发明中支承结构固定装置的结构示意图；FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of a supporting structure fixing device in the present invention;
图4是本发明中套筒的结构示意图；FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sleeve in the present invention;
图5是本发明中支承结构调高装置的结构示意图；5 is a schematic structural diagram of a support structure height adjustment device in the present invention;
图6是本发明中支承结构的示意图；FIG6 is a schematic diagram of a support structure in the present invention;
图7是浮置板轨道有限元模型图；FIG7 is a finite element model diagram of a floating plate track;
图8是浮置板轨道力传递率比较图。FIG8 is a comparison diagram of the force transmission rate of floating slab tracks.
图中：1、轨道板，2、密封板，3、支承结构，4、支承结构固定装置，5、支承结构调高装置，31、内散射体，32、内包覆层，33、外散射体，34、外包覆层，35、铝制套筒，41、盖板，42、齿盘，43、套筒，45卡槽，46、L型卡板，47、凸爪，48、定位口，51、钢隔板，52、储液箱，53、阀门，54、管路，461、第一立面，462、第二立面，463、第三立面。In the figure: 1, track plate, 2, sealing plate, 3, supporting structure, 4, supporting structure fixing device, 5, supporting structure height adjustment device, 31, inner scatterer, 32, inner coating layer, 33, outer scatterer, 34, outer coating layer, 35, aluminum sleeve, 41, cover plate, 42, gear plate, 43, sleeve, 45 slot, 46, L-shaped clamping plate, 47, claw, 48, positioning port, 51, steel partition, 52, liquid storage tank, 53, valve, 54, pipeline, 461, first facade, 462, second facade, 463, third facade.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明进行详细说明。The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
实施例Example
本实施例中基于局域共振型支承系统的浮置板轨道，包括轨道板1、密封板2、支承结构3、支承结构固定装置4和支承结构调高装置5，参见图1，其中：The floating plate track based on the local resonance type support system in this embodiment includes a track plate 1, a sealing plate 2, a support structure 3, a support structure fixing device 4 and a support structure height adjustment device 5, see FIG1 , wherein:
轨道板1：其为钢筋混凝土结构。所述的轨道板1长方体板状结构，其上开设有多个预留孔，套筒43设于预留孔中。支承结构调高装置5和支承结构3对轨道板1的支撑，使得轨道板1的下底面略高于支承结构调高装置5的下底面。Track plate 1: It is a reinforced concrete structure. The track plate 1 is a rectangular plate structure, on which a plurality of reserved holes are opened, and sleeves 43 are arranged in the reserved holes. The support of the support structure height adjustment device 5 and the support structure 3 to the track plate 1 makes the lower bottom surface of the track plate 1 slightly higher than the lower bottom surface of the support structure height adjustment device 5.
密封板2：混凝土结构，盖设于轨道板1上表面，起到调平轨道板的作用。Sealing plate 2: Concrete structure, covering the upper surface of the track plate 1, plays the role of leveling the track plate.
支承结构3：参见图6，其底端抵压于基础结构上，并支承固定于其上的轨道板1，支承结构3由相同的多层结构沿轴向进行叠加而成。支承结构3中的每层中沿径向由内至外依次分布有内散射体31、内包覆层32、外散射体33、外包覆层34和铝制套筒35，轴向相邻两层之间设有橡胶垫层36。所述的内包覆层32、外包覆层34和橡胶垫层36为聚氨酯材料或橡胶材料中的一种，所述的内散射体31和外散射体33为钢材料。支承结构调高装置5的上表面与支承结构3的下表面通过硫化反应紧密连结，其使用硫化胶黏剂实现。Support structure 3: See Figure 6, its bottom end is pressed against the base structure and supports the track plate 1 fixed thereon, and the support structure 3 is formed by stacking the same multi-layer structure in the axial direction. In each layer of the support structure 3, inner scatterers 31, inner coating layers 32, outer scatterers 33, outer coating layers 34 and aluminum sleeves 35 are distributed radially from the inside to the outside, and a rubber cushion layer 36 is provided between two adjacent layers in the axial direction. The inner coating layer 32, the outer coating layer 34 and the rubber cushion layer 36 are made of polyurethane material or one of rubber materials, and the inner scatterers 31 and the outer scatterers 33 are made of steel material. The upper surface of the support structure height adjustment device 5 is tightly connected to the lower surface of the support structure 3 through a vulcanization reaction, which is achieved using a vulcanized adhesive.
支承结构固定装置4，其套设于支承结构3上，其外壁与轨道板1中的钢筋固定连接，参见图3与图4。支承结构固定装置4包括：套筒43，其套于支承结构3上，套筒43底端抵压于基础上，中部及顶端设于浮置板轨道内部，顶端沿周向均布有多个凸起的L型卡板46，L型卡板46与套筒43顶部上沿间形成水平开口的L型槽，相邻L型卡板46间形成定位口48；齿盘42，其边沿上设有多个凸爪47，所述的凸爪47可卡入定位口48中，并通过水平旋转齿盘使得凸爪与L型槽啮合；盖板41，其下表面边沿处开设有多个卡槽45，盖板盖于套筒顶部时L型卡板46与卡槽45啮合。The supporting structure fixing device 4 is sleeved on the supporting structure 3, and its outer wall is fixedly connected with the steel bars in the track plate 1, see Figures 3 and 4. The supporting structure fixing device 4 includes: a sleeve 43, which is sleeved on the supporting structure 3, the bottom end of the sleeve 43 is pressed against the foundation, the middle part and the top end are arranged inside the floating plate track, and the top end is uniformly distributed with a plurality of raised L-shaped clips 46 along the circumferential direction, and a horizontally open L-shaped groove is formed between the L-shaped clips 46 and the upper edge of the top of the sleeve 43, and a positioning opening 48 is formed between adjacent L-shaped clips 46; a toothed disc 42, a plurality of protruding claws 47 are arranged on the edge, and the protruding claws 47 can be inserted into the positioning opening 48, and the protruding claws are engaged with the L-shaped groove by horizontally rotating the toothed disc; a cover plate 41, a plurality of slots 45 are opened at the edge of the lower surface, and the L-shaped clips 46 are engaged with the slots 45 when the cover plate is covered on the top of the sleeve.
具体实施时，L型卡板46包括相互垂直的第一立面461、第二立面462和第三立面463，参见图4；第一立面461与套筒43的轴线平行，第一立面461的一个侧边与第二立面462连接，另一侧边连接于套筒43顶端的边沿上；所述的第二立面462与套筒43的轴线垂直，第二立面462与套筒43顶端上沿所在平面平行；所述的第三立面463与套筒43的轴线平行，同时其均与第一立面461与第二立面462的同一侧连接。In specific implementation, the L-shaped bracket 46 includes a first vertical surface 461, a second vertical surface 462 and a third vertical surface 463 which are perpendicular to each other, see Figure 4; the first vertical surface 461 is parallel to the axis of the sleeve 43, one side of the first vertical surface 461 is connected to the second vertical surface 462, and the other side is connected to the edge of the top end of the sleeve 43; the second vertical surface 462 is perpendicular to the axis of the sleeve 43, and the second vertical surface 462 is parallel to the plane where the upper edge of the top end of the sleeve 43 is located; the third vertical surface 463 is parallel to the axis of the sleeve 43, and at the same time, they are both connected to the same side of the first vertical surface 461 and the second vertical surface 462.
支承结构调高装置5：设于支承结构3下方，其为相互嵌套的多级可抬升空腔结构，每级空腔之间相互贯通，通过压力液体的输入使得多级可抬升空腔结构逐级升高，以此调高支承结构3，参见图5。支承结构调高装置5包括储液箱52，为相互嵌套的多级可抬升空腔结构，每级空腔之间相互贯通，未抬升状态时的外圈至内圈对应抬升状态的时的底端至顶端；钢隔板51，设于储液箱52顶端空腔结构的上方，钢隔板51的上表面与支承结构3的底端连接；压力输出机构，通过管路54与储液箱52连通，压力输出机构向储液箱52中输出压力液体，使得储液箱52的多级空腔按照由底至顶逐级升高。所述的压力输出机构通过管路54连接于外圈空腔上。所述的外圈空腔上设有阀门53，阀门53一端与外圈空腔连通，另一端可拆卸的与压力输出机构连接，所述的阀门53通过快速接头与管路54连接。The support structure height adjustment device 5 is arranged below the support structure 3. It is a nested multi-stage elevating cavity structure. Each stage of the cavity is interconnected. The multi-stage elevating cavity structure is gradually raised by the input of pressure liquid, so as to adjust the support structure 3, see Figure 5. The support structure height adjustment device 5 includes a liquid storage tank 52, which is a nested multi-stage elevating cavity structure. Each stage of the cavity is interconnected. The outer circle to the inner circle in the non-elevated state corresponds to the bottom to the top in the elevated state; a steel partition 51 is arranged above the cavity structure at the top of the liquid storage tank 52, and the upper surface of the steel partition 51 is connected to the bottom of the support structure 3; a pressure output mechanism is connected to the liquid storage tank 52 through a pipeline 54, and the pressure output mechanism outputs pressure liquid into the liquid storage tank 52, so that the multi-stage cavity of the liquid storage tank 52 is gradually raised from bottom to top. The pressure output mechanism is connected to the outer circle cavity through a pipeline 54. The outer ring cavity is provided with a valve 53, one end of the valve 53 is communicated with the outer ring cavity, and the other end is detachably connected to the pressure output mechanism. The valve 53 is connected to the pipeline 54 through a quick connector.
在本实例中，轨道板1、密封板2、支承结构固定装置4和支承结构调高装置5材料参数如表1所示。In this example, the material parameters of the track plate 1 , the sealing plate 2 , the supporting structure fixing device 4 and the supporting structure height adjusting device 5 are shown in Table 1.
表1材料参数表Table 1 Material parameters
本实施例中浮置板轨道减振性能与传统浮置板轨道减振性能比较：The vibration reduction performance of the floating slab track in this embodiment is compared with that of the traditional floating slab track:
和现有浮置板轨道相比，含周期性支承层的浮置板轨道的减振效果是浮置板轨道自身减振性能和周期性支承层振动衰减性能的叠加。为探究含周期性支承层浮置板轨道的整体减振性能，应建立包括上部轨道结构和下部基础在内的含周期性支承层浮置板轨道的整体有限元模型作相应分析。Compared with the existing floating slab track, the vibration reduction effect of the floating slab track with periodic support layer is the superposition of the vibration reduction performance of the floating slab track itself and the vibration attenuation performance of the periodic support layer. In order to explore the overall vibration reduction performance of the floating slab track with periodic support layer, the overall finite element model of the floating slab track with periodic support layer, including the upper track structure and the lower foundation, should be established for corresponding analysis.
对含周期性支承层的浮置板轨道，在建立有限元模型时，周期性支承层应当按照设计尺寸建成实体模型并赋予相应的材料参数。对传统的钢弹簧浮置板轨道，在建立有限元模型时，钢弹簧隔振器一般采用弹簧单元模拟。弹簧的垂向刚度为6.0kN.mm-1，这和周期性支承层的垂向刚度相同。钢弹簧浮置板轨道和周期性支承层浮置板轨道的有限元模型如图7所示。For floating slab tracks with periodic support layers, when establishing the finite element model, the periodic support layer should be built into a solid model according to the design dimensions and the corresponding material parameters should be assigned. For traditional steel spring floating slab tracks, when establishing the finite element model, the steel spring isolator is generally simulated by spring units. The vertical stiffness of the spring is 6.0 kN.mm -1 , which is the same as the vertical stiffness of the periodic support layer. The finite element models of the steel spring floating slab track and the periodic support layer floating slab track are shown in Figure 7.
由于周期性支承层浮置板轨道整体有限元模型在纵向仅取一跨建模，为了减少反射波对计算结果的影响，在模型的两侧施加低反射边界。COMSOL中的低反射边界条件适用于波传播方向接近于壁法向的情况，默认采用相邻域的材料数据，在此基础上创建对压力波和剪切波的完美阻抗匹配。考虑到实际工程应用中周期性支承层浮置板轨道的安装方式，仅在钢轨两端添加低反射边界。Since the overall finite element model of the floating slab track with periodic support layer only takes one span in the longitudinal direction, in order to reduce the influence of reflected waves on the calculation results, low-reflection boundaries are applied on both sides of the model. The low-reflection boundary condition in COMSOL is applicable to the case where the wave propagation direction is close to the wall normal. The material data of the adjacent domain is used by default, and on this basis, perfect impedance matching for pressure waves and shear waves is created. Considering the installation method of the floating slab track with periodic support layer in actual engineering applications, low-reflection boundaries are added only at both ends of the rail.
周期性支承层浮置板轨道整体减振效果可以通过计算结构的力传递率得到，在整个模型的跨中位置钢轨轨头处施加简谐垂向力Fin＝F0eiωt并作扫频分析，提取出钢弹簧隔振器和周期性支承层传递至下部基础的力Fout，则浮置板轨道的力传递率为：The overall vibration reduction effect of the floating slab track with periodic support layer can be obtained by calculating the force transfer rate of the structure. A simple harmonic vertical force Fin = F0e iωt is applied to the rail head at the mid-span position of the entire model and a frequency sweep analysis is performed to extract the force Fout transmitted to the lower foundation by the steel spring isolator and the periodic support layer. The force transfer rate of the floating slab track is:
式(1)中，F0为上部输入的简谐荷载幅值，Fout为结构下部响应。当结构的力传递率较小时，浮置板轨道拥有较好的减振效果。当周期性支承层浮置板轨道比钢弹簧浮置板轨道的力传递率低时，周期性支承层浮置板轨道减振效果更好。In formula (1), F0 is the amplitude of the simple harmonic load input from the upper part, and Fout is the response of the lower part of the structure. When the force transfer rate of the structure is small, the floating slab track has a better vibration reduction effect. When the force transfer rate of the floating slab track with periodic support layer is lower than that of the steel spring floating slab track, the floating slab track with periodic support layer has a better vibration reduction effect.
经计算得到钢弹簧浮置板轨道和周期性支承层浮置板轨道的力传递率如图8所示。The force transfer rates of the steel spring floating slab track and the periodic support layer floating slab track are calculated and are shown in FIG8 .
从图8中可以看出，钢弹簧浮置板轨道和周期性支承层浮置板轨道的力传递率在9Hz、53Hz和133Hz处均出现峰值。钢弹簧隔振器和周期性支承层的垂向刚度均为6kN.mm-1，浮置板的质量为2.4×104kg，则两种浮置板轨道一阶共振频率均为9Hz，同理可解释53Hz、136Hz处力传递率的峰值。当频率超过浮置板轨道的一阶垂向共振频率之后，两种轨道结构的力传递率随着频率的增大而逐渐减小。在28Hz以内，因钢弹簧隔振器和周期性支承层的垂向刚度均为6kN.mm-1，两种轨道结构的力传递率几乎一致。在28Hz至55Hz，周期性支承层的力传递率略高，这一现象和局域共振结构的类Fano现象有关。通过增加橡胶材料的阻尼可以减少两种轨道结构在这一范围内力传递率的差异。在周期性支承层的带隙范围(55Hz至133Hz)内，相比钢弹簧浮置板轨道，周期性支承层浮置板轨道的减振效果更明显，在133Hz处力传递率的峰值几乎消失。As can be seen from Figure 8, the force transfer rates of the steel spring floating plate track and the periodic support layer floating plate track both have peak values at 9Hz, 53Hz and 133Hz. The vertical stiffness of the steel spring isolator and the periodic support layer is 6kN.mm -1 , and the mass of the floating plate is 2.4×10 4 kg. The first-order resonance frequency of the two floating plate tracks is 9Hz. Similarly, the peak values of the force transfer rates at 53Hz and 136Hz can be explained. When the frequency exceeds the first-order vertical resonance frequency of the floating plate track, the force transfer rates of the two track structures gradually decrease with the increase of frequency. Within 28Hz, because the vertical stiffness of the steel spring isolator and the periodic support layer is 6kN.mm -1 , the force transfer rates of the two track structures are almost the same. From 28Hz to 55Hz, the force transfer rate of the periodic support layer is slightly higher, which is related to the Fano-like phenomenon of the local resonance structure. The difference in force transfer rates of the two track structures in this range can be reduced by increasing the damping of the rubber material. Within the band gap range of the periodic support layer (55 Hz to 133 Hz), the vibration reduction effect of the periodic support layer floating slab track is more obvious than that of the steel spring floating slab track, and the peak value of the force transmission rate almost disappears at 133 Hz.
周期性支承层自身的振动衰减特性使周期性支承层浮置板轨道在55Hz至133Hz频率范围内的力传递率明显低于钢弹簧浮置板轨道，在55Hz处周期性支承层浮置板轨道的力传递率比钢弹簧浮置板轨道减少了10dB左右，在133Hz处周期性支承层浮置板轨道力传递率的峰值几乎消失。考虑到周期性支承层还可以通过参数优化调整带隙出现的位置，因此可以认为周期性支承层浮置板轨道相比钢弹簧浮置板轨道减振效果更优。The vibration attenuation characteristics of the periodic support layer itself make the force transfer rate of the periodic support layer floating plate track in the frequency range of 55Hz to 133Hz significantly lower than that of the steel spring floating plate track. At 55Hz, the force transfer rate of the periodic support layer floating plate track is about 10dB lower than that of the steel spring floating plate track, and at 133Hz, the peak of the force transfer rate of the periodic support layer floating plate track almost disappears. Considering that the periodic support layer can also adjust the position of the band gap through parameter optimization, it can be considered that the periodic support layer floating plate track has a better vibration reduction effect than the steel spring floating plate track.
上述的对实施例的描述是为便于该技术领域的普通技术人员能理解和使用发明。熟悉本领域技术的人员显然可以容易地对这些实施例做出各种修改，并把在此说明的一般原理应用到其他实施例中而不必经过创造性的劳动。因此，本发明不限于上述实施例，本领域技术人员根据本发明的揭示，不脱离本发明范畴所做出的改进和修改都应该在本发明的保护范围之内。The above description of the embodiments is to facilitate the understanding and use of the invention by those skilled in the art. It is obvious that those skilled in the art can easily make various modifications to these embodiments and apply the general principles described herein to other embodiments without creative work. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention should be within the protection scope of the present invention.
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